Concept Of Telemedicine Research Articles

Pilot Study on the Application of Telemedicine as a Tool for Population-Based Cancer Registry in Hlegu Township, Yangon Region, Myanmar

A quality-cancer registry plays an unique role in planning, evaluation of cancer control program, treatment, and palliative care. To date, there is a paucity of studies in Myanmar that have focused on the implementation of a population-based cancer registry. The concept of combing telemedicine to this implementation may be beneficial to those working at the grass-roots level for the overall improvement of the processes of community reporting, effective referral for cancer care, and the establishment of cancer registries. A pilot study was therefore carried out to formulate the strategic approach for establishing a population-based cancer registry in Hlegu Township in Northern Yangon District. First, the cancer data entry software was created and installed on mobile phones as an information technology tool to initialize telemedicine. Then, 15 Health Assistants (HA) in Hlegu Township were trained for data collection to get basic information on cancer-confimed patients using mobile phone applications followed by online-based reporting to the cancer database unit. A total of 126 patients with cancer were registered from June 2016 to May 2017. The estimated prevalence of disease is 4.6 per 10,000 people. The most common age group at cancer diagnosis was 46 to 65 years (73.58%). Among 91 registered female patients with cancer, the three most common cancers were breast (25.39%), cervix (12.69%) and uterine (11.9%). Eighty-five patients with cancer (67.46%) received their diagnosis in public hospitals. Overall, 59% of patients received combination treatment, 19% received surgery only, 16% were treated with traditional medicine, 3% were treated with radiotherapy only, and 3% were treated with chemotherapy only. This study is the first of its kind, combing the concept of telemedicine to the creation of a population-based cancer registry. A complete and true picture of the cancer burden in the studied population can be provided without using enormous resources. This strategic approach is most appropriate to collect information of every cancer case in resource limited setting like Myanmar.

Telemedicine Improves Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence in Stroke Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Randomized Trial

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is very high in stroke patients, whereas the acceptance of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is low. Although telemedicine offers new options to increase acceptance, effective concepts and patient groups are not yet known. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a telemedicine concept consisting of telemonitoring and support when usage time drops. Methods: PAP naive stroke patients with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >15 were randomized in a prospective parallel design comparing home therapy with standard care (SC) as opposed to telemedicine care (TC) over a period of 6 months. The TC group received a standardized phone call to offer help and advice if the average weekly usage of PAP fell below 4 h/night. Results: Eighty patients were included, 5 were lost to follow-up, 75 (20 females, age: 57.0 ± 9.9, body mass index: 30.9 ± 6.0 kg/m², AHI: 39.4 ± 18.6) were evaluated. While inpatient usage was similar in both groups, a significant difference was identified after 6 months of receiving home therapy (TC: 4.4 ± 2.5 h, SC: 2.1 ± 2.2 h; p < 0.000063). On average, 4.7 ± 3.1 interventional phone calls were needed (173 calls in total, ranging from 0 to 10 calls per patient), primarily for the purpose of motivation (61.3%), mask problems (16.2%), nasopharyngeal complaints or humidification issues (11.2%), and technical questions (10.6%). Sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]) differed significantly (TC: 3.7 + 3.2, SC: 6.1 + 4.1; p = 0.008), as well as systolic blood pressure, which was available in a subgroup of 55 patients (TC: 129.5 + 15.2 mm Hg, SC: 138.8 + 16.1 mm Hg; p = 0.034). Conclusion: A concept of telemonitoring and short telephone calls from the sleep lab raised PAP therapy adherence significantly in a group of stroke patients with moderate to severe OSA.

Teledentistry – The Indian perspective

Teledentistry, a subset of the concept of Telemedicine, is an upcoming field in dentistry that combines telecommunication, information technology, internet, digital imaging to support clinical oral health care on a long distance, patient education, professional health related education, public health administration. There are broadly two approaches used in Teledentistry, Real time consultation and Store and Forward method. Addition of Teledentistry to our national health care systems like National Rural Health Mission enables enhanced availability of oral health care at the Primary Health Centres, Community Health Centres and District hospitals. Each district hospital can act as a “Main Centre” for providing teledentistry consultations to a group of remotely located Primary Health Centres or Community Health Centres. Effective training and technical support group is required at the main centre (District hospital). Also an institutional framework and a clear set of policies are required which respond to issues such as liability of the professionals involved, malpractice protection for patients, data privacy of patient information and ensuring prior informed consent of the patient. This paper is an attempt to discuss the concept of teledentistry and its implementation model in the Indian context. Keywords: Dentistry, Teledentistry, Telemedicine.

The use of telemedicine in perinatal care

Introduction. Modern achievements in the development of modern telemedicine technologies open up new opportunities of using them for the patients’ benefits, health care workers and the health care system. These are solutions that facilitate the contact with medical staff, shorten the waiting time for specialist consultations, and in some cases save lives. Telemedicine is the newest form of medicine and healthcare which combines elements of telecommunications, IT and medicine.The aim of the study. The aim of the study is to show the possibility of using telemedicine in obstetric practice. Thanks to the use of new technologies telemedicine allows to break geographical barriers, allowing for the exchange of specialist information by sending statistical and dynamic images (the highest quality ECG, USG, MRI images). Moreover it allows remote diagnostics. The consultations organized with the help of telecommunications links ensuring the appropriate quality of communication will help speed up the process. Teleconsultations bring with them significant savings resulting from, among others reduction of transport and optimization of the use of medical staff time.Selection of material. The search was performed in Scopus base, using the concepts of telemedicine, obstetric practice in years 2016-2017. Literature found in Google Scholar database was analysed for the number of citations. Literature selected in this way served as the material for the thesis.Conclusions. Modern equipment used in the perinatal care (CTG, UDT, pulse oximeters etc.) reduces the number of unjustified medical interventions, and thus contributes to the improvement of the quality of care. With the development of technology and reduction of the costs of their implementation, it could be assumed that the possibilities and the extent of new technologies will continue to grow.

Feasibility of telemedicine and Internet of things concepts application in the RF Arctic zone

Concepts of telemedicine and Internet of things (IoT) are steadily developing and becoming important issues for today’s society. Possibility of (I) patients electronic cards storage, (II) remote consultations with specialists, (III) continuous monitoring of vital indicators makes information technologies (IT) a driver of health care environment development. Furthermore, modern IT make today’s health care more qualitative and accessible for population. This investigation is intended to affirm feasibility of telemedicine and Internet of things concepts application in the RF Arctic zone aiming to reduce disease and accident risks. Investigation results may be used as a basis for designing and implementation of IT-solutions in regard of remote monitoring of patient’s biometrics.

EHealth and telemedicine: Practices and beliefs among healthcare professionals and medical students at a medical university.

Digitalization affects almost every aspect of modern daily life including healthcare delivery. Successful adoption and sustainable integration of information technology-based eHealth and telemedicine concepts in clinical practice depend on constant evaluation of end user needs, proficiencies, and preferences. We therefore assessed how current and future healthcare professionals perceived health technology solutions and whether their perceptions differed. We conducted an online survey among a purposive sample of employees and students at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria. The structured questionnaire collected self-reported practices and beliefs in the context of eHealth and telemedicine among 905 participants (59.0% females), of which 48.4% were employees and 51.6% were students. Participants expressed moderate knowledge of eHealth and telemedicine concepts with higher levels among employees compared to students (both: p<0.05). Compared to employees, students were less convinced that online health information improves patient knowledge (p<0.001), but were more optimistic that telemedicine reduces healthcare costs (p<0.05). Participants doubted that telemedicine services would enhance the doctor-patient relationship and raised concerns regarding data security and privacy issues. Accordingly, quantitative context analysis of free text comments revealed that the four most frequently mentioned themes were related to issues concerning data privacy and security, questions of responsibility, doctor-patient interaction, and reliability of information. This study provides valuable insights into how current and future healthcare professionals differ in their perceptions regarding eHealth and telemedicine. These findings raise awareness of the need to bridge the gap between digital age groups and professional groups, especially in clinical healthcare delivery in a clocked-through, strenuous academic setting as found at a medical university.

The apps are coming! But will they be legal in South Africa?

Technology is all around us. It helps us to be more productive every day. One of the main ways it does this is by automating processes that would otherwise have taken up our time. Doctors can leverage technology to help remove the burden of performing repetitive tasks, allowing them to focus on seeing patients. This article deals with ways in which technology could be used for certain tasks such as renewing prescriptions. Using technology in such a way would fall under the concept of telemedicine. Local guidelines are assessed to ascertain whether the use of apps by patients in South Africa for healthcare advice by doctors would be legal.

InTelect: Interactive Telemedicine Communication Technologies Mobile App

In over 90 million of the population in the Philippines, for every 10 people, 8 of them reported never having a medical check-up in their lives. Reasons for this are the ongoing economic issues of the country such as poverty, poor infrastructure, and heavy traffic. This paper focuses on developing a system for both medical doctors and patients whose ability and affordability to access healthcare in terms of medical consultations are very limited to almost none. The developed system, a mobile application, provided an environment for the remote communication of doctors and patients utilizing the mobile communication tools for the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) through the concept of telemedicine and the use of Global Positioning System (GPS). Through this research, medical consultations between doctors and patients are made more accessible since both users are able to communicate over long distances, making it possible to look for a doctor especially in the rural areas. The mobile communication tools and the GPS are used to allow patients to search for a specific kind of doctor and consult with them. Patients can also utilize the GPS alone to locate and get directions of the nearest healthcare facilities from their locations. On the other hand, doctors are able to accommodate patients remotely giving them the benefit for comfort and an additional source of income.

Health challenges including behavioral problems in long-duration spaceflight.

Over the past 60 years, our ability to live and work in space has evolved. From short sojourns in small spacecraft to landing on the moon and residing in an orbiting international space station, we have learned to adapt to an extreme environment and safely return home. Human missions to the Moon, Mars, and exploration of deep space are different. This paper summarizes the challenges of providing medical care, specifically mental health care during long-duration flights. Considerable information about challenges that crews bound for Mars will face is available. Literature regarding this issue is summarized. This manuscript provides a short historical summary of long-duration spaceflight to date; the challenges including limited communication with mission controllers on Earth; and, a summary of the behavioral impacts space flight has had on humans. A look at how the future autonomous systems might support physical and mental health when definitive care is millions of miles away, is also provided. Human spaceflight to Mars or other distant sites will require new approaches to mission preparedness and inflight medical support systems. Exploration class missions will be more autonomous than anything deployed until now. The concepts of telemedicine that have aptly supported crews from the 1960s to the present will no longer be in real-time. While communication between Earth and Mars is possible, it will be characterized by significant time delays. Mars-based crews will need to have systems onboard and on Mars to support all health and performance issues.

Awareness on e-Health among Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh

The concept of e-health was established to help the underprivileged citizens who live in the rural part of the country. Bangladesh is an over-populated country where more than 70% population live in rural areas, but unfortunately due to lack of knowledge and awareness among the citizen the telemedicine concept is becoming popular only for citizens of urban areas. This sort of unexpected outcome of e-health system has limited the efficiency of the whole concept. In our research, we have selected a group of students who are studying in undergraduate program of science field and analyzed their knowledge on telemedicine through questionnaire. Later on, we also suggested few possible outcomes based on our research findings. During the analysis, SPSS version 20 was used along with Likert Scale technique and Spearman’s Co Relation were used to comment on the findings.

Telemedicine and psychiatry—a natural match

In the 1950s, physicians at the University of Nebraska used telemedicine to provide consultative services, support educational endeavors, and conduct training and research for their patients between the Nebraska Psychiatric Institute and Norfolk State Hospital in Nebraska (1). Two-way closed-circuit microwave television was incorporated to facilitate the dialog between these different sites. Cecil Wittson’s work in Nebraska pioneered the concept of telemedicine and psychiatry—simplified as telepsychiatry using closed circuit television (2). This approach, linking medical centers, was further developed and applied in Massachusetts (3) and in Arizona (4) in the 1960s and 1970s as well as a number of other telemedicine initiatives. It has continued to grow over the past 60 years from those initial activities to wide scale application (apps) on our mobile phones and a wide variety of Web-based video-teleconferencing tools.

TELEMEDYCYNA A KONSTYTUCYJNE PRAWO DO OPIEKI ZDROWOTNEJ W KONTEKŚCIE WYKLUCZENIA CYFROWEGO

Artykuł stanowi omówienie konkretnego problemu jaki może powstać w trakcie próby wdrożenia rozwiązań telemedycznych w Polsce. Po pierwsze, ze względu na brak definicji legalnej telemedycyny zostaną przytoczone propozycje znaczenia tego pojęcia wysuwane przez doktrynę przedmiotu oraz organizacje międzynarodowe i pozarządowe, wraz ze wspólnym mianownikiem przedmiotowych definicji. Po drugie, zostanie omówione konstytucyjne prawo do opieki zdrowotnej, które zostało przewidziane w polskiej ustawie zasadniczej w kontekście wymogu równości w dostępie do opieki medycznej. Po trzecie, zostanie przedstawiona prognoza zapotrzebowania na świadczenia zdrowotne w Polsce, bazująca na odpowiednich dokumentach Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Po czwarte, zostanie omówione zjawisko tzw. wykluczenia cyfrowego wraz z podaniem jego powodów, skali oraz podstawowego kryterium. Artykuł zakończą konkluzje w przedmiocie rozważań, które zawierają autorskie stanowisko oraz postulaty de lege ferenda dla polskiego ustawodawcy.

Colposcopy telemedicine: live versus static swede score and accuracy in detecting CIN2+, a cross-sectional pilot study

BackgroundThis cross-sectional pilot study evaluates diagnostic accuracy of live colposcopy versus static image Swede-score evaluation for detecting significant precancerous cervical lesions greater than, or equal to grade 2 severity (CIN2+).MethodsVIA or HrHPV positive women were examined using a mobile colposcope, in a rural clinic in Kolkata, India. Live versus static Swede-score colposcopy assessments were made independently. All assessments were by gynecologists, junior or expert. Static image assessors were blinded to live scoring, patient information and final histopathology result. Primary outcome was the ability to detect CIN2+ lesions verified by directed biopsies. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for live versus static Swede-score in detecting CIN2+ lesions, as well as for interclass correlation.Results495 images from 94 VIA positive women were evaluated in this study. Thirteen women (13.9%) had CIN2+ on biopsy. No significant difference was found in the detection of CIN2+ lesions between live and static assessors (area under curve = 0.69 versus 0.71, p = 0.63). A Swede-score of 4+, had a sensitivity of 76.9% (95% CI 46.2–95.0%) and 84.6% (95% CI 54.6–98.1%), for live- and static-image assessment respectively. The corresponding positive predictive values were found to be 90.9% (95% CI 75.7–98.1%) and 92.6% (95% CI 75.7–99.1%). The interclass correlation was good (kappa statistic = 0.60) for the senior static assessors.ConclusionsSwede-score evaluation of static colposcopy images was found to reliably detect CIN2+ lesions in this study. Larger studies are needed to further develop the colposcopy telemedicine concept which may offer reliable guidance in management where direct specialist input is not available.Trial registrationEthical approval of the study was obtained by the Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI) Human Research Ethics Committee (4.311/27/2014). The trial was retrospectively registered in the Clinical Trails Registry of India CTRI/2018/03/012470.

Telematics services and telemedicine under ophthalmological legal aspects

Telemedical solutions are increasing with respect to diversity, frequency and scope. It should be part of medical practice to remind again and again that telemedicine does not represent aspecial medical field or even asubspecialty. The concept of telemedicine is more used as asuperior term for different medical care concepts, provided across distance and time barriers. Telematic solutions implemented as anew field of service in ophthalmological practice or in hospitals must fulfill the following obligatory requirements in conformity with the law: patients must be informed about the range of telemedical solutions, operators must ensure medical specialist qualifications and all care responsibilities combined with the telemedical services must be guaranteed. The legal assessment standard is always the direct comparison between telemedical measures and the individual patient result of medical treatment in a face to face situation in an ophthalmologists practice as the gold standard. The court makes a targeted examination on whether the individual damage to health of a patient under telemedical care would also have normally occurred under medical treatment within the framework of regular care by a medical specialist in apractice or clinic. If the court has a well-founded doubt, the operator must be able to justify either constraints in individual cases or abetter prognosis and success rate (reversal of burden of proof). Especially due to the latter aspect it is important for the operator that the standards for telemedical services of the specific medical fields are predefined by the specialist societies or that corresponding results from healthcare research projects are available.

Means of processing information on motor activity of patient during sleep

Information about the physical activity of a person during sleep is an important component of information about the state of one’s nervous system, the interpretation of which can be used for disease monitoring, diagnostics and prediction of diseases of the nervous system. This will significantly reduce the risks of disability and improve the quality of life of the patient in accordance with the concept of mobile telemedicine (mHealth).

Clustering of biomedical documents using ontology-based TF-IGM enriched semantic smoothing model for telemedicine applications

Clustering of biomedical documents has become a vital research concept due to its importance in the clinical and telemedicine applications. The clustering of the medical documents is being considered as a major issue because of its unstructured nature. This paper focuses on developing an efficient document clustering approach for the medical documents to be utilized in telemedicine applications. Most existing models utilize n-gram techniques for phrase identification and term, concept or semantic based models for clustering applications. However n-gram does not perform well when the original document has been modified while only hybrid models provide relatively improved clustering. The proposed document clustering approach is named as enriched semantic smoothing model which has been developed on the concept of Mesh ontology. As the semantic smoothing model is not effective in handling the density of general words, an improved model with term frequency and inverse gravity moment (TF-IGM) factor and improved background elimination is used. Unlike term frequency and inverse document frequency), TF-IGM precisely measure the class distinguishing power of a term by making use of the fine-grained term distribution across different classes of text in documents. The modified n-gram technique, which detects the cases of substitution and deletion in the documents and averts them, improves the phrases identification. The clustering efficiency of the k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering algorithms is improved by utilizing the proposed model. The experiments are made on Mesh ontology based PubMed documents with similarity measures and cluster validity indexes used for comparisons. The results show that the proposed approach of medical document clustering is highly accurate and thus improves the concepts of clinical practices and telemedicine.

Pilot Study on the Application of Telemedicine as a Tool for a Population-Based Cancer Registry in Hlegu Township, Yangon Region, Myanmar

Abstract 57 Purpose The cancer burden is rising and threatens the social and economic development of low- and middle-income countries, including Myanmar, in the ASEAN region. A quality cancer registry plays a unique role in planning, the evaluation of cancer control program, treatment, and palliative care. To date, there is a paucity of studies in Myanmar that have focused on the implementation of a population-based cancer registry. In addition, the concept of telemedicine with the use of information technology applications as appropriate during implementation needs to be introduced. Such an approach may be beneficial to those working at the grassroots level for the overall improvement of the processes of community reporting, confirmation of diagnoses, effective referral for palliative care, and the establishment of cancer registries. Methods A pilot study was therefore carried out to formulate the strategic approach for establishing a population-based cancer registry in Hlegu Township in Northern Yangon District, Myanmar. First, the cancer data entry software was created and installed on mobile phones as an information technology tool to initialize telemedicine. Next, 15 health assistants in Hlegu Township were trained in the collection of data and the entry of basic information on patients with cancer, including name, age, gender, national ID, education, occupation, primary diagnosis, and the site of metastasis of confirmed cancer cases through mobile phone applications and reported to the cancer database unit at the Department of Medical Research. Results A total of 126 patients with cancer were registered in Hlegu Township from June 2016 to May 2017. The estimated prevalence of disease is 4.6 per 10,000 people. The most common age at cancer diagnosis was 46 to 65 years (73.58%). Female sex was 2.5 times predominant than male sex (72% v 27%). Among 91 registered female patients with cancer, the three most common cancers were breast (32.35%), cervix (16.17%) and uterine (15.17%). Eighty-five patients with cancer (67.46%) received their diagnosis in public hospitals. Overall, 59% of patients received combination treatment, 19% received surgery only, 16% were treated with traditional medicine, 3% were treated with radiotherapy only, and 3% were treated with chemotherapy only. Conclusion This study is a first step in applying the concept of telemedicine to the creation of a population-based cancer registry in a resource-limited setting. More concerted efforts are needed to move toward a well-established population-based cancer registry in Myanmar. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No COIs from the authors.

Nursing Home Provider Perceptions of Telemedicine for Providing Specialty Consults.

Nursing homes (NHs) provide care to a complex patient population and face the ongoing challenge of meeting resident needs for specialty care. A NH telemedicine care model could improve access to remote specialty providers. Little is known about provider interest in telemedicine for specialty consults in the NH setting. The goal of this study was to survey a national sample of NH physicians and advanced practice providers to document their views on telemedicine for providing specialty consults in the NH. We surveyed physician and advanced practice providers who attended the 2016 AMDA-The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine Annual Conference about their likelihood of referral to and perceptions of a telemedicine program for providing specialty consults in the NH. We received surveys from 524 of the 1,274 conference attendees for a 41.1% response rate. Respondents expressed confidence in the ability of telemedicine to fill existing service gaps and provide appropriate, timelier care. Providers showed the highest level of interest in telemedicine for dermatology, geriatric psychiatry, and infectious disease. Only 13% of respondents indicated that telemedicine was available for use in one of their facilities. There appears to be unmet demand for telemedicine in NHs for providing specialty consults to residents. The responses of NH providers suggest support for the concept of telemedicine as a modality of care that can be used to offer specialty consults to NH residents.

Concepts and Legal Tasks of Telemedicine for Remote Coorperation - with respect to comprehensive analysis in Germany s discussion of telemedicine

원격진료 서비스는 가까운 시일내에서 입법정책적으로 다루어질 것이다. 원격진료의 법적 문제들에 대해서는 한편으로는 직업법상의 요건을 고려해야 하고 다른 한편으로는 일반적인 법규정을 고려해야 한다. 우선 원격진료의 종류와 실무상의 발전에 대해 간단히 소개하고 원격진료의 허용성의 문제에 관해서 원격의료의 개념과 대면진료의 문제를 다루고 있다. 이와 관련하여 의료법상 대면진료가 원칙인 이상 원격의료는 의료인간에 이루어져야 하고 의사와 환자의 직접적인 원격의료는 금지되지만 ‘직접 진찰한’의 의미는 의사의 자문이 전화로 이루어졌다고 해서 오로지 전화만으로 진료한 것이 아니라는 점에서 진료의 일부분이 통신수단을 이용하고 있기 때문에 대면진료원칙의 위반이 아니라고 보고 있다. 이러한 점에서 대법원의 견해와 같이 원격의료가 당연히 비대면진료가 되는 것이 아니라 구체적인 사안에서 “비대면진료”가 환자와의 개별적인 관계를 고려하여 판단하는 것은 타당하다고 도출하고 있다. 또한 의료수가의 산정문제와 관련하여 검토하고 있다. 특히 원격진료서비스의 의료수준과 전문학회에 의한 의료수준의 개념의 보완이 문제가 된다. 의료수가기술상 건강보험영역에서 그리고 의료급여청구권한 있는 병원의사의 영역에서 과제들을 제시한다. 원격진료와 관련한 책임문제를 위해서 일반적인 의료책임에 대한 기본적인 책임원칙과 기준들을 검토하고 원격진료에도 적용될 수 있는지 여부 등을 알아보고 특히 원격진료의 도입으로 인한 주의의무의 증가로 인한 과실책임기준들을 도출하고 있다.Regulation about the telemedicine services will be dealt with in the near future. Regarding the legal issues of telemedicine, on the one hand, the requirements of the occupational law should be taken into account and on the other hand the general legal provisions should be taken into account. First, the purpose of this thesis is to introduce briefly the kinds of telemedicine and practical progress, and discuss the concept of telemedicine and the problem of face - to - face treatment with regard to the problem of the acceptability of telemedicine. In this regard, medical treatment is the principle of face-to-face medical care, and telemedicine must be prohibited. However, the direct medical examination means only medical consultation by telephone. In this case, it is not a violation of the principle of face-to-face medical treatment because part of the medical treatment is also to use the telephone because the medical treatment is not part of the medical treatment. It is reasonable to judge it by taking into consideration the individual relationship. The second question is addressed in order to the problem of calculating the cost of medical care for telemedicine. In particular, it will be a problem to complement the medical standard of telemedicine services and the concept of standard by professional associations. In the area of health insurance the proposal for the billing of telemedical services are presented for medical technician and the hospital physician. Recent technological advances is used to review the basic responsibilities and standards for general medical responsibilities and to resolve problems related to telemedicine. In particular, it is necessary to draw up the standards of liability due to the increase of the obligation of care by the introduction of telemedicine.

TELEMEDYCYNA W PRAWIE POLSKIM I KILKA UWAG NA TLE PRAWA UNIJNEGO

StreszczenieArtykuł poświęcony jest problemowi legalności oraz reżimu wykorzystywania w medycynie środków porozumiewania się i przesyłu danych na odległość. Praca podzielona została na pięć punktów. Pierwszy punkt zawiera uwagi wprowadzające. Podjęto w nim próbę zdefiniowania pojęcia telemedycyny oraz przedstawiono praktyczną doniosłość tego zjawiska. Drugi punkt poświęcony został zmianom polskiego prawa dokonanym w 2015 r., relewantnym dla przedmiotowej materii. W trzecim punkcie przedstawiono zasady zgodnego z prawem stosowania telemedycyny w prawie polskim. W czwartym punkcie wskazano przepisy prawa Unii Europejskiej najważniejsze dla podmiotu zamierzającego świadczyć usługi telemedyczne w innym państwie członkowskim niż państwo jego przedsiębiorstwa. W ostatnim punkcie autor dokonuje podsumowania i oceny obecnego stanu prawnego w kontekście wybranej materii.