Telegram Messenger Research Articles

Development of Internet of Things-Based Room Security using Telegram

Security plays a very important role in various aspects, one of which is the security of a home room which is a building for a residence. Currently, there are still many home security system devices circulating on the market that are considered ineffective in their use and cost. In addition, the home security system cannot provide warning notifications when home security is threatened and send the latest conditions of the house. This study designs a home room security system using the Internet of Things (IoT) based on Telegram Messenger. When the Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR) sensor detects movement, the OV2460 camera on the ESP32-Cam module will take a picture and then send it to the homeowner as a form of home security warning via a bot on Telegram Messenger. When the Flame Sensor detects a fire, the Buzzer will sound and then send a notification in the form of a fire warning. The results of this study showed that the home room security that was created was able to detect movement at an effective distance of the PIR sensor of 1 - 6 m and the presence of fire on the Flame Sensor which has a wavelength between 760nm - 1100nm. For the next researcher, they can develop a camera that can detect faces (face detection) and face recognition.

Медиатизированный дискурс православного студенчества об РПЦ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the modern Orthodox conservative mediatized discourse among student bloggers on the Telegram messenger platform. The relevance of the study lies in the lack of development of both the topic of mediatization of Orthodoxy and the topic of studying Orthodox conservatism in modern sociology. The study of this phenomenon in the work took place through the prism of a conceptual approach, which received the name "mediatization of religion" in scientific sociological literature. The scientific problem is that studies of the mediatization of Orthodoxy are no longer a new field, but their number is still small. A large number of religious groups that are currently forming and functioning are outside the field of view of researchers. The figurative approach, which took shape in the German school of studying mediatization, was chosen as the research method. The figurative approach re-actualizes the concept of “figuration” by Norbert Elias and considers modern communicative figuration in media through four components: communicative practices, media ensemble, frame of relevance and constellation of actors. The communicative figuration of modern Orthodox conservatism in the Telegram messenger was taken as the basis of our study, since this platform provides opportunities for discussion on social and theological issues. The purpose of the article is to describe this communicative figuration through its four components. In this regard, the objectives of the study were: a description of the context of formation and features of the modern stage of studying the mediatization of Orthodoxy; a characteristic of the 4 components of the communicative figuration of modern Orthodox conservatism among young people. The empirical part of the study was based on a series of expert, semi-structured interviews with the authors of Telegram channels included in the youth category and who are students of higher educational institutions. In total, 30 interviews were collected from March to August 2024, of which 5 were selected for the article. The results of the study demonstrated that at the moment there is a constellation of actors of modern Orthodox conservatism, in the youth pole of which a group of students can be distinguished. Orthodox conservative students build their own identity, based on the Orthodox tradition, but only in the form of moral prescriptions. They are practically not integrated into the existing structures of the Russian Orthodox Church. The frame of relevance of the communicative figuration of Orthodox conservatism considers Orthodoxy as an integral part of modern Russian culture and humanitarian science. But in the frame, there is also an opposition to liberalism, including church liberalism, which occurs on issues of the foundations of society.

Improvement of Text Data Storage Methods

In this research, an analysis of the qualitative characteristics of messages in the Telegram messenger was carried out, which are used as raw data for further analysis of textual content. A thorough review of the parameters of these messages, such as their format, size, presence of noise, and speed. The main goal of the article is to model the optimal approach to saving a large amount of data before the important stage of text analysis. During the research, a detailed analysis of literary sources devoted to this topic was carried out. The article examines the main advantages and disadvantages of existing data preprocessing algorithms, as well as problems related to data purity and their impact on potential research results. As part of the software experiments, the impact of data preprocessing on the size of the saved data for further use, as well as on the speed of input data generation, was evaluated. Among the proposed methods, the method of saving cleared tokens in string format and the method of saving word codes in string format together with the word-code dictionary were highlighted. This is aimed at ensuring the effective distribution of tasks of the text analysis system during the period of the day.

Advanced home security: detecting unusual movements using the single shot detector technique

As area surveillance technology, the camera is still suboptimal because it cannot detect suspicious human movement and there is no real-time security alert. Although motion detection is implemented, it is only activated when a person passes the PIR sensor, triggering the camera to capture the object. Due to its lengthy process, it is less effective. This study aims to develop a home surveillance system that uses object detection technology to detect unusual human movements. The system is also equipped with real-time early warning through a Telegram Messenger application. The system is then tested using various parameters that may impact the precision of detection results, including object poses, camera height, and camera distance. The system can detect objects that make unusual movements in 69 images or 57.5% of the tests, based on the analysis of 120 test data. Through the integration of object detection technology and real-time Telegram-based alerts, this home surveillance system significantly demonstrates the capability to accurately identify suspicious human motions thereby enhancing area surveillance effectiveness and adaptability to various environmental conditions.

Telegram messenger as an effective means of interpreter’s self-presentation

Telegram messenger as an effective means of interpreter’s self-presentation

Особенности формирования повестки дня в мессенджере Telegram

This article focuses on the aspects of agenda formation in Russian-language Telegram messenger channels. Within the framework of the classical model of M. McCombs and D. Shaw, the main principles of agenda setting by traditional media are analyzed. Building upon the findings of more recent research in the field of agenda setting in the digital space, the authors highlight the advantages of social media as communication platforms and potential reasons for their increasing popularity among both individuals and political actors. Furthermore, the relevant features of the Telegram messenger in the context of political communication are systematically described, such as the lack of strict content moderation, emphasis on the speed of information exchange, user privacy, and the need for an individualized approach to shaping the information field for each user. Based on the platform’s characteristics, a model for agenda formation is proposed, which involves categorizing channels into two levels: content information producers and news aggregators/interpreters. The hypothesis is also put forward that channels that aggregate and interpret information through an extensive network of links have the greatest potential for setting the agenda for their audience. To test the model, a pilot study was conducted using the Tgstat service, where the top 10 most cited channels from the “Media and News” and “Politics” categories for October 2023 were selected. Subsequently, no more than 50 channels were included in the analysis, those which were most frequently mentioned by the popular authors. The researchers conclude that multiple agendas can coexist within the messenger within various thematic blocks. These thematic blocks are formed through the network of links to channels that the most popular platforms on the messenger feature in their news feeds.

Экспрессивные способы создания новообразований в социальных сетях (на примере социальной сети «Telegram»)

The article analyzes expressive ways of creating new lexical units. The material consists of contexts of various contents extracted from the open resources of the Telegram messenger in the space of 2021–2023. Research methods and techniques include continuous sampling, the descriptive method with elements of interpretive analysis, word-formation analysis. New nominations formed with the help of contamination have been identified. Such word-forming neologisms are used to create a comic effect. The contaminated innovations that participate in the strategy of discrediting Orthodoxy are analyzed. New lexical units indicate a low communicative competence of the addresser. Tmesis nominations are characterized. It is proved that these media innovations have a special expressiveness, attract the user’s attention. The new nominations that have arisen as a result of the inter-word overlap are considered. It is confirmed that media innovations created with the help of inter-word overlay express evaluation and are a means of language play. The new nominations formed as a result of graphixation and its varieties are analyzed. Graphic hybrids participate in the creation of intentional ambiguity, express an individual element, stimulate the imagination of readers. New lexical units based on precedent phenomena are registered. It is established that such new nominations attract the attention of the addressee, disrupt predictability, enhance the expressiveness of the title. Such media innovations are noted, which have expletive and obscene lexemes in their structures as derivational bases. Aggressive nominations cause users to backlash, to violate ethical norms of speech behavior. The results of this paper may be of interest to teachers, students, cadets, as well as to anyone interested in active processes in the field of word formation.

The Application of the “Banchenko's Mnemonic Dream Synchronization Method” for the Joint Synchronization of Dream Elements (Including Lucid Dreams), within the Framework of “Blokhin's Dreaming Cell Concept,” and the Analysis of the Obtained Results Using the “Kapustin's AI Dream Matching Model.”

Purpose: The research is aimed at studying the potential for dream synchronization, including lucid dreams, among a group of participants using the concepts of "memes" and "tag-memes" within the framework of the "Banchenko Algorithm" and the "Mnemonic Dream Synchronization Technique of Banchenko." Additionally, it aims to assess the effectiveness of a new artificial intelligence model built and trained by Mykhailo Kapustin for identifying correlations in the dreams of the participants [1]. Methods: In the study, eight participants from different countries kept dream journals for a month. Afterward, the artificial intelligence model developed by Kapustin was trained to analyze these dreams. Following this, over the course of 16 days, synchronization among the group of participants was conducted using the "Mnemonic Dream Synchronization Technique of Banchenko," which included activities like collectively watching the TV series "The OA. Synchronization took into account the difference in time zones. Additionally, synchronous discussions of the viewing were carried out on the Telegram messenger, along with additional discussions related to key concepts and "tag-memes." Data analysis covered 30 days before synchronization and 30 days after the start of synchronization, using Kapustin's model with subsequent manual verification [2].Results: The data obtained for two periods confirm the influence of synchronization during wakefulness on dreams and highlight the emergence of "memes" and "tag-memes" in dream content, as well as objects and scenes unrelated to the elements of discussion or collective viewings. In-depth discussions during wakefulness contribute to the development of unique "tag-memes" within the group. The novelty of the research is based on the fact that it's suggested that electromagnetic fields may serve as mediators in intercellular communication, facilitating the exchange of information between cells. The systematic keeping of dream journals may influence the content of dreams. The frequency of lucid dreams remained stable, which may indicate the limited effectiveness of isolated methods of joint tuning without additional methods for inducing lucid dreams. Conclusions: The research highlights the impact of wakeful-state synchronization on dream content. "Memes" and "tag-memes" play their roles, but systematic dream journaling is also important for improving dream recall. The frequency of lucid dreams suggests the need for further investigation into isolated practices. A computational model excels at identifying common dream objects, but human evaluation remains integral during algorithm refinement.

Ислам и война: Telegram-канал Р. Кадырова в период СВО

The relevance of the study is determined by the influence of the special military operation (SMO) on the transformation of political discourse on the Internet. The novelty of the research is due to the identi-fication of current trends in the proposed content in the modern Russian media space. The start of a special military operation (SMO/SVO) determined a new model of the political development of the Russian Federation, and also significantly influenced the political discourse of the heads of Russian regions. The political discourse, in turn, forms social and political views at the grassroots level. This paper examines the religious and political discourse of the Head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov in the Telegram messenger during the first year of the SMO. The study is focused on identify-ing the specifics of the formation of religious and political content in social networks in wartime. The work is based on the methods of classical and digital sociology, as well as discursive analysis of text messages. 2035 publications by R. Kadyrov on the Telegram page from February 24, 2022 to February 23, 2023, including 1406 videos, 165 photos/print-screens, 20 audio messages and 3 docs-attachments were analyzed using a continuous sample. Finally, conclusions are drawn in relation to some change in Kadyrov’s public discourse for the past year. On his personal page in Telegram, religious themes with an emphasis on traditional values, the image of the enemy and the legitimation of armed struggle (ji-had) acquire an exceptional sound in the conditions of the SMO. In today's political realities, a reli-gious resource and an open armed conflict successfully complement each other. At the same time, the head of the Chechen Republic demonstrates a claim to religious authority both on a Russian and global scale: he openly opposes Western ideology not only on the battlefield, but also in the religious content, actively participates in the sacralization of the SMO and its jihadization. The obtained conclusions ex-pand the knowledge about the potential of a religious resource in open conflicts and raise the question of the prospects for its use by other religious communities.

Automated system of SMM lead generation in Telegram messenger

In the article the development of automated system for search of interested users, so called leads, in Telegram messenger environment. While Telegram is not a social network and is strongly different with its interaction mode to ay web-service like blog, image or news board or forum, then the search of motivated target audience is a complex task. It is primarily complex because no recommendation system for content or finding new channels, chats, content sources is provided, the news and posts feed does not exist like in other social media. In current paper the process of development of a tool for searching interested users, created as a Telegram-bot, which interacts with Telegram API to gather the data and with different language tools analyses messages in the chat, helping to find discussions related to required theme. Particularly, to detect users that a potentially interested in specific themes, it is required to analyze the very texts of the discussion and detect the themes, users of the current chat discuss. Specifically for this analysis natural language tools are needed, as well as the tools that allow to process discussion’s context. Bot was created in the following technologies stack: the main programming language is Python, the framework pyTelegramBotAPI is responsible for interaction with Telegram servers via API, the gathered and processed data is stored in a database based on MySQL, language processing is performed in multiple steps, in which natural language processing libraries for Python and AI particularly big language model ChatGPT are involved. The bot gathers and processes information from the chat messages and then provides a report of how many mentions in the administrator defined theme made certain chat users, these users are potential leads. This data helps to build and improve marketing models of goods and services promotion and detect the level of involvement and the degree of interest in current theme

Using of a cloud technologies for automatic sending of notifications in Telegram

The article discusses the issue of automating the distribution of messages in the Telegram messenger using cloud technologies. The general problem of sending messages through several channels is described. An overview of the latest research and publications of modern messaging technologies in Telegram was made, libraries, frameworks and modern patterns were analyzed. A method of using the capabilities of AWS EC2 to create a scalable and reliable solution for automated message distribution is proposed. The process of creating a program according to the proposed method is described in detail. Its architecture and interaction of modules are described. The architecture is structured to encapsulate different functions, each of which serves a specific purpose in the larger context of automated message distribution on the Telegram platform. The characteristics of the selected AWS service, the selected operating system, the programming language and the used libraries are given. The use of automatic scaling in AWS is demonstrated, which automates the configuration of resources based on predefined criteria and provides an effective solution for handling demand fluctuations and maintaining optimal system performance. Python programming language and Telethon library are used. The interaction of AWS EC2 with the Telegram API and the use of the Asynchronous Message Forwarding module to organize the processing of several channels at the same time are shown. The features of the program are described – setting up Telegram accounts, searching for messages, automated forwarding to several channels and other actions. The results of tests of the developed program are shown, which show that the automation of the process of sending messages increases the speed of their delivery to a large number of chats by 120 seconds, which is 40 times more effective, and its resource consumption is less than the resource consumption of ordinary client telegrams in 5 times

The System Is Corrupted, and the Mainstream Media Is Lying to us! Exploring the Relation Between Affinity Toward Conspiracy Myths and Alternative News Media Usage

Abstract Alternative news media (ANM) have become an important information source for certain audiences. Research shows that ANM usage is linked to a preference for populist parties and the use of digital media. However, ANM existed before the rise of populism and digital media over the last two decades. Thus, we must assume that additional factors are related to ANM usage. To investigate such factors, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1,212) of the Swiss population. We analyze how affinity toward conspiracy myths, preference for populist parties, the usage of social media, and the Telegram messenger app are related to ANM usage. The results indicate that people with a high affinity toward conspiracy myths are more likely to use ANM. Different than in previous studies, preference for populist politics is not related to higher ANM usage in Switzerland. Our results suggest that the political context matters when studying ANM usage and that the strong focus on right-wing populism might lead to scholars missing part of the bigger picture. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the use of social media and Telegram, which recently gained relevance as a channel for mobilizing protests during the COVID-19 pandemic, positively connect with ANM consumption.

DEVELOPMENT OF SMM DURING THE WAR IN UKRAINE

The study evaluates social media marketing (SMM) as a new field of marketing that emerged with the advent of social networks, particularly Facebook and Twitter. It describes the importance of social media in maintaining communication between brands and their audience, ad­vertising goods and services, analyzing competitors, and gathering audience data. The article em­phasizes that SMM is an essential tool for modern businesses because social networks allow them to find their target audience and maintain communication with it, promote their products and ser­vices, attract new customers, increase loyalty, and enhance their brand. The article examines the development of social media marketing (SMM) in Ukraine before the start of the full-scale war that began on February 24, 2022. The author claims that before the war, SMM was quite active, and companies used social networks to promote their brands and products. The article includes a dia­gram that shows the ranking of the most popular social networks in Ukraine before and after the war. The author also notes that the popularity of the Telegram messenger greatly increased after the start of the war. Additionally, the article discusses the example of the company LLC «Nova Poshta» as one of the largest logistics companies in Ukraine that actively uses social networks to interact with its customers and support its brand, development, and market leadership in logistics. The article examines in detail how the company uses its social networks to publish information about its services, promotions, news, useful tips for customers, answers to customer questions, and support for its corporate values and social responsibility. Furthermore, the article discusses the peculiarities of SMM development during the war in Ukraine and the opportunities it may create for companies to express their support and increase their awareness.

Tools and technique of the asynchronous asyntopic master class for the RFL teachers «Russian language in the mirror of the CHATGPT-4»

To solve the problem of accelerated familiarization and introduction into practice of «weak artificial intelligence» teaching tools in the absence of a theoretical base and ready-made methodological developments, a scheme of an asynchronous asyntopic master class is proposed. The information structure of the lesson is considered, including online communication of participants with the ChatGPT-4 system in the Telegram messenger environment and a basic document on Google drive. The resulting texts include fragments of manuals, blanks of publications, and objects of copyright registration.

ФАНДРАЙЗИНГ РЕДАКЦІЙ МАСМЕДІА ТА ДОПОМОГА ЗСУ: АНАЛІЗ ОГОЛОШЕНЬ ПРО ФІНАНСОВІ ЗБОРИ НА СТОРІНКАХ ЗМІ В ТЕЛЕГРАМІ ПІД ЧАС ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ РОСІЇ В УКРАЇНУ

<p><strong><em>The purpose of the study</em></strong><em>:</em><em> to show how the mass media during the war in Ukraine helped the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the help of financial contributions.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> The following research methods were used during the research: dialectical method of cognition, systematic approach, and analysis of scientific works of scientists. A content analysis was also used, during which the announcements about fundraising for the assistance of the Armed Forces from the media editorial offices were analyzed.</em></p><p><strong><em>The results.</em></strong><em> The article examines such a concept as «failing», its peculiarity and difference from charity. It was also analyzed for which military needs fundraisers are announced and published on mass media pages in the Telegram messenger. Telegram channels of such mass media as: «Ukrainian Pravda», «Channel 24» and «TSN» were selected for analysis. Announcements about fundraising for the needs of the Ukrainian military, which were published during 524 full-scale wars in Ukraine (from February 24, 2022, to August 1, 2023), were selected for the study. The study proved that the Ukrainian mass media are actively involved in fundraising for the needs of the military and are themselves the initiators of aid to the Armed Forces.</em></p><p><em>The mass media actively support the military, they independently announce fundraisers to purchase necessary things for the Armed Forces and publish messages about fundraisers from their editorial staff, volunteers, commercial organizations, and the military. Our research proved that journalists actively help the military, there were several situations when mass media editors managed to collect the necessary funds and close the announced collection within a few hours after the collection was announced. And these amounts reached several hundred thousand hryvnias.</em></p><p><strong><em>Scientific novelty.</em></strong><em> For the first time, the announcement about fundraising for the needs of the Armed Forces, which the mass media published in their Telegram channels during the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine, was analyzed.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Practical meaning.</em></strong><em> The research is useful and interesting not only for Ukrainian researchers, but also for foreign ones. For editorial staff, the results of the study show that publishing announcements about fundraising for the military not only has a positive effect on the image of the mass media, but also demonstrates the level of audience trust in journalists.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>words:</em></strong><em> assistance to the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Russian-Ukrainian war, mass media, fundraising, charity, fundraising for the military, financial collection.</em><em></em></p>

The Features of Contemporary Communication in Student Online Communities on the Example of Kostroma State University

The article deals with the problem of modern communication of universities with the student audience in the online space. In order to identify the features of user involvement in the work of university groups in social networks, the interests of the target audience and the specifics of user actions, a comprehensive study was conducted, based on the methods of expert survey, event analysis, content analysis, case study and index analysis. The respondents of the expert survey were 18 representatives — administrators of university groups in social networks from Yaroslavl, Kostroma, and Cherepovets. The study also included a review of the posted content in the main Kostroma State University communities on the VK social network and Telegram messenger, the VK student union group in two spring academic months (March — April) and summer (July — August). As a result, classifications of posts posted in online groups by form and content were developed, user involvement in a particular type of content was calculated, the most frequently used publications in different groups were identified, the dynamics of posting posts depending on the type of site and time period were revealed.

AUTOMATIC NOTIFICATION OF ACADEMIC DEBTS BASED ON TELEGRAM

This article considers the process of optimizing the time and convenience of taking academic debts by creating a Telegram bot that automatically sends students notifications about debts and indicates the day when they can be passed. One of today’s popular platforms for deploying bots is the Telegram messenger. The peculiarity of a system implemented with the help of a bot is its ease of use and minimization of resources spent on software storage, which greatly simplifies interaction with the system.
 Purpose – create a tool for passing academic debts, interaction with the database created in Google Table, interaction with the participants of the educational process online, which saves personal time of students and teachers.
 Method or methodology of the work: the article deals with the method which implements the delivery of academic debts by creating Telegram bot. To implement it we use a database available to all teachers, updated in real time, created in Google Tables and the C# programming language.
 Result: developed a unique tool that implements functions of adding, storing, interacting and 24/7 access to academic debts data.
 Scope of the results: data on debts stored in the database and updated by teachers is useful for monitoring each student about his debts in educational institutions.

Using TXM Platform of Corpus Analysis for Text Analysis of Social Media

When forming graphs of interacting objects built when importing data from social networks and instant messaging networks, text data also act as vertex attributes. In this paper, the authors describe a text research methodology based on corpus analysis procedures. The purpose of this article is to test the methodological tools provided by the TXM software for the comparative analysis of the revealed communities texts on the graph of interacting objects. The method is proposed to assess the quality of the implicit communities revealing on the graph obtained by importing data from the channel network of the Telegram messenger.

SOCIAL ENGINEERING IN MODERN MESSENGERS: APPLICATIONS FOR OFFENSIVE SECURITY

The work considers the problems of social engineering in modern messengers, and provides classification indicators for modern attacks. Attention is focused on the Telegram messenger, whose channel owners and visitors to these channels may suffer from the intervention of fraudsters who cannot always be identified in time. Fraudsters or malicious bots are exposed and removed as a result of certain user complaints, very often when the purpose of the malicious intervention has already been realized. This indicates the need to develop new proactive solutions. The purpose of this work is to enrich offensive security mechanisms for social messengers by using bots and artificial intelligence using specially created prompts. The novelty of the work. It is proposed to place a kind of honeypot analogues in the space of communication. The role of the decoy victim is given to a specially configured bot disguised as a user, capable of carrying out a conversation according to a given scenario. The bot’s algorithm has been developed. Methodology. Social engineering is seen as a proactive security tool aimed at identifying vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit, as well as a reverse defense by obtaining information from fraudsters that compromises them. Main results. The work successfully combined developed offensive security scenarios for real Ukrainian chats at the time of the research, with the capabilities of ChatGPT, which made it possible to implement a bot, with the ability to communicate according to the scenario specified by the security specialist. Testing of the bot and the corresponding application in the Telegram channel was carried out, with the consent of real users, which proved the workability of the solution. Conclusions. The modern level of artificial intelligence tools allows one to obtain valuable information about attackers in the information space, conduct automated security testing, and implement other offensive security scenarios. Channel administrators can use the solution as a channel subscribers filtering tool.

DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH SOLAR ENERGY-BASED TELEGRAM NOTIFICATION

This study aims to produce an irrigation system development product using Wemos D1 as an irrigation control system, monitoring the state of soil moisture in stages and the state of the water pump by sending data periodically through the Telegram Messenger application. The research was conducted using the R&D (Research and Development) method and the prototype development model. The development procedure includes the stages of needs analysis, system design and design, making system prototypes, testing and validation stages. The results of the Black Box test obtained a percentage of 100% indicating that the prototype was feasible to use. Testing the working system of the tool where on the results of Testing Tool Conditions the Water Pump can work well, the Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor can detect dry soil moisture when <20% and the soil is wet> 20%, and the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor test can be used from 2 cm up to 22 cm as a reading of the tank contents. The results of testing user satisfaction with 20 respondents obtained a percentage of 90% in the very good category and 10% in the good category.