Tehran Medical Research Articles

Study on attitudes of students of Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch toward food safety, 2016.

BackgroundGiven the importance of high-quality healthy food for humans, contamination control is the most important concern for healthy staff.AimTo determine the attitudes of students at Islamic Azad University (Tehran Medical Branch) toward food safety.MethodsThis cross-sectional and analytic-descriptive study was conducted on 326 students of Azad University of Medical Sciences in 2016. A self-made questionnaire consisting of 40 questions was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using internal consistency method (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.80). After collecting data, we use descriptive statistical indexes (mean and standard deviation) among demographic variables and the level of knowledge to describe and analyze the data. The participants’ attitudes and operation are measured by Spearman tests, and the analytical results are given using SPSS version 20.ResultsAccording to the findings, 55.3, 30 and 14.7 percent of students had high, moderate and low attitude scores toward food safety, respectively. In addition, male and female students had equal attitudes toward food safety, and no significant relationship between sex and attitude was observed a significant difference (p>0.05), but between educational levels (p=0.008) and ages (p=0.001) of students significance was a positive correlation.ConclusionsDue to the low attitudes score of about half of the students of Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch toward food safety, it can be claimed, food safety training in this community is required.

Molecular Genetic Analysis of FOXL2 Gene in Two Iranian Families with Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome

Background: Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus syndrome (BPES) is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. There are two distinct phenotypes: BPES type I, which is associated with eyelid abnormalities as well as female infertility or premature menopause due to ovarian resistance to gonadotropins, whereas in type II only eyelid abnormalities are present. Mutations in the forkhead transcription factor 2 (FOXL2) gene are responsible for both types of BPES. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify mutations in FOXL2 in two Iranian families (from Tehran) with BPES who were referred to Tehran Medical Genetics laboratory. Methods: The peripheral blood was collected from the affected members of two BPES families and genomic DNA was extracted using salting out method. Then, direct sequencing of whole exon of FOXL2 genewas performed. Results: Two frameshift mutations were identified in FOXL2 gene in two familial cases including NM_023067:c.102_103insA (p.G35Rfs*61)as a novel mutation and NM_023067:c.855_871dup (p.H291Rfs*71) (17-bp insertion). Both mutations cause the protein to be truncated and are responsible for a severe phenotype (BPES type I) which was in harmony with our finding. Conclusions: Our results increased the spectrum of FOXL2 mutations and confirm the mutations associated with BPES type I.

Rapid Identification of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus Faecalis Clinical Isolates using a Sugar Fermentation Method.

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) can be found all over the world. Thus, rapid detection of the isolates could be of high importance in the treatment or prevention of the associated disease. To measure the turanose fermentation in Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates for rapid differentiation of VRE and Vancomycin-Susceptible E. faecalis (VSE) isolates. Forty E. faecalis samples were isolated from 200 clinical samples in Tehran Medical Center, Iran, from October 2012 to December 2012. These isolates were detected according to the standard microbial and biochemical tests. Detection of VRE isolates was originally performed by disk diffusion using 1 μg vancomycin disk, followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the vanA gene. Finally, the turanose consumption in 1%, 0.7% and 0.5% dilutions was detected by a phenotypic method. Among the 40 E. faecalis isolates, 20 vancomycin-susceptible and 20 vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis were isolated according to the disk diffusion and PCR of the vanA gene. There was a considerable difference between VRE and VSE isolates in 0.7% dilution of turanose. However, there was no significant difference between VRE and VSE in 1% and 0.5% dilutions of turanose. Since detection of VRE isolates is of high importance, especially in nosocomial infections, phenotypic methods may be highly useful for this purpose. In conclusion, our data indicate that VRE isolated from clinical samples could be distinguished from VSE isolates by turanose fermentation at dilution 0.7%.

An investigation on the level of awareness, attitude, and interest among medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy students toward their majors on entering university: The case of Islamic Azad University, Tehran medical sciences branch.

Introduction:Having awareness, interest, and positive attitude toward one's fields of study leads to the development of a compatibility between demands and expectations on the one hand and future career on the other hand. This study was carried out to determine the level of awareness, attitude, and interest of medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch toward their own field of study on entering university.Materials and Methods:This research is a basic descriptive study conducted on 273 students who had just entered university. This study was performed using census. Data collection instrument was a four-part questionnaire which included demographic information, and questions measuring students’ awareness, attitude, and interest.Results:With regard to their field of study, there was no statistically significant difference in the average of students’ awareness (P = 0.731). The attitude of medicine students was significantly more positive than pharmacy and dentistry students (P < 0.001), and the attitude of dentistry students was significantly more positive than that of pharmacy students (P = 0.460). Medical students’ interest level was significantly higher than that of pharmacy and dentistry students (P < 0.05), and the interest level of dentistry students was significantly greater than the interest level of pharmacy students (P = 024/0). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between awareness and attitude and between awareness and interest in all of the study subjects (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The study results indicated that having a high level of awareness toward one's major led students studying in medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy to experience a more positive attitude and a higher level of interest. Thus, before entering the university, academic counseling will be beneficial for acquiring a better understanding of most majors, a goal which could be provided through school, social media, and family.

The Relationship between Consumption of Fast Food with Level of Serum Folat among Nursing Students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch in 2016

In recent decades, substantial increase in average weight of individuals has been seen in rich countries. Such changes are the result of significant changes in pattern of people’s lives. One of these issues is increasing levels in consumption of fast foods or processed foods. According to experts, the consumption of processed foods, because of having high-calories and trans-fatty acids, is fattening and harmful. In this study, the researchers after obtaining permission from the ethics committee and head of the School of Nursing, introduced themselves to nursing students then, samples were randomly selected among those who are eligible for the study. Before performing to complete the questionnaire and relevant experiments, testimonial were asked from the subjects. At the end of the study, results were suggested that, levels of Serum folate between males and females and also among married and single people were equivalent. Level of Serum folate among those students who usually have anemia in their families is significantly lower than those ones who have not anemia in their families (P = 0.003). There was a significant relationship between age and semester with levels of folate (P < 0.05); i.e. by increasing age and educational terms, levels of serum folate would be reduced. The level of serum folate among students who smoke is lesser than those do not (P = 0.001).

Association of Educational Planning with Mental Health of Nursing Students of Tehran Medical Science University with Emphasis on the Educational Stressor Factors and Stress Management Methods

Background and objective: Inappropriate function of organizations is directly associated with the physical and psychological health of the society. One such organizations are medical universities which are responsible for educating stu - dents of nursing. This study focuses on the association of educational planning with the mental health of nursing students of Tehran Medical Science Univer- sity with emphasis on the educational stressor factors and stress management methods. Materials and methods: In this descriptive-cross sectional two questionnaires were used: researcher-made questionnaire (a = 0.71) and Jalowiec Coping Styles Questionnaire. The correlation coefficient of test and retest after 3 weeks was used for Jalowiec questionnaire (r=0. 89). The random sampling method among nursing students of Tehran University Medical science was used and the size of the sample was 376. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical ones (t-test and ANOVA) through SPSS 21. Results: Out of 354 students, 32.1% were suspected to have psychological dis- orders. These disorders were 29.7% among females and 34.6% among males, respectively. There was a statistical correlation between mental health and pre - vious physical illnesses (p<0/05). There was a significant correlation between stressful factors experienced and mental health. In addition, there was a signifi - cant correlation between mental health and educational stressful factors such as negative attitudes in the community about nursing and ambiguity about pro - fessional role of nurses at the time of education (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A number of nursing students were suspicious to have mental dis- orders. Therefore, in order to prevent physical and psychological destructive effects of stress on students, it is recommended to think about the educational stressful factors to diminish mental problems. Paper Type: Research Article.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Distribution in Middle East Region

Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran Department of Microbiology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran Researcher, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran Corresponding author: Abdol-Rahim Kazemi Vardanjani, Researcher, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran. Tel: +98-394514760, Fax: +98-82884555, E-mail: bacteriology94@gmail.com

Family history of cardiovascular disease as a risk factor for coronary artery disease in adult offspring

There is controversy about the role of positive family history as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of family history on presentation of coronary artery disease in adult offspring, and on its severity. In a retrospective cross-sectional study at Tehran Heart Center (University of Tehran Medical Sciences), 6399 patients with established coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography for standard indications were assessed. Coronary artery disease was defined as atherosclerotic involvement of more than 50% in at least one major coronary artery. 953 patients (14.9%) had a verified positive family history of coronary artery disease, of whom 193 patients (20.2%) and 215 patients (22.5%) had paternal and maternal positive history, respectively. The mean age of clinical onset of ischemic heart disease in patients with a positive history was significantly lower than patients with no history (p < 0.001). Left main coronary lesion was significantly more frequent in patients with positive history (p = 0.017). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that presentation of coronary artery disease in the form of acute coronary syndrome was significantly more prevalent in the background of positive family history (odds ratio, OR = 1.44, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.14-1.83, p = 0.002), especially above 45 years old. These findings indicate that positive family history is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease which strongly predisposes to the atherosclerotic process at younger ages; therefore, these patients should be evaluated and managed more intensively for other risk factors.

Antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior among Iranian nurses: a multicenter study.

BackgroundOrganizational citizenship behavior (OCB) improves efficiency and employees’ participation and generally provides a good ambiance. This study was conducted to determine the role of job satisfaction (JS), organizational commitment (OC) and procedural justice (PJ) in explaining OCB among nurses working in fifteen educational-treatment centers in Tehran-Iran, to provide guidelines for health care managers’ further understanding of how to encourage citizenship behavior among nurses.MethodsIn this multi-center descriptive-correlational study 373 nurses were evaluated through a Multi-stage cluster sampling method after obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research Deputy. Nurses who signed the informed consent and holding a bachelor or master degree, having a minimum one year of job experience and not having organizational management position during the questionnaire distribution were included in the study. In order to collect data, Demographic questionnaire, Podsakoff et al. (Leadersh Q 1(2):107–142, 1990) OCB questionnaire, OC questionnaire, Aelterman et al. (Educ Stud 33(3):285–297, 2007) JS questionnaire and PJ questionnaire were used. These questionnaires were translated into Persian and content validity was confirmed by an expert group; their reliability was calculated by the internal consistency Cronbach alpha coefficient and it was satisfied. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Comparative mean tests, correlation coefficient and multiple-regression in the SPSS software version 11.ResultThe general mean and all five aspects of OCB that ranked higher than 3 were evaluated in a “quite desired” state. The mean for perceived procedural justice, the general mean for JS and the mean of general grade for OC from the nurses’ was in “quite desired” state. Finding from multiple regression indicated that OC and PJ exhibit about 19 % of OCB variance totally which is statistically significant (P < 0.01). JS had no significant impact on explaining OCB.ConclusionOC was the strongest predictor of nurses’ OCB followed by perceived procedural justice. So, improving these factors can initiate better citizenship behavior among nurses.

Professor Kamaleddin Armin (1914-1995); a Superb Mentor with High Morals.

and secondary schools and subsequently enrolled in Tehran Medical School in 1934. He was a clever student. In the third year, he became the instructor of anatomy under Dr. Edward Beller and Dr. Hashem Hanjan, the surgeon who also performed autopsy at that period at the Roozbeh Hospital in Tehran and Dr. Armin aided him. Dr. Edward Beller was an American physician working at the American Hospital in Tehran who founded the anatomy laboratory of the Tehran Medical School and equipped the anatomy hall and provided the needed human cadavers for dissection in collaboration with Dr. Abolghasem Bakhatiar, the American trained surgeon. The young Dr. Armin learned the details of technical work in the anatomy laboratory. In 1940, he graduated from Tehran Medical School and received his MD. Dr. Armin is seen in the middle, his graduation ceremony, 1940.

Ethics in Medical Research: Critical Steps For Researchers

©2013 Galen Medical Journal Fax: +98 731 2227091 PO Box 7461686688 Email:info@gmj.ir  Correspondence to: Yekta Parsa, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran. Telephone Number: (+98) 21-22006660 Email Address :yektaparsa@gmj.ir E human nature and inherent characteristics of the origin of human behavior have the most profound influence and impact on the field of human behavior. Ethics is divided into several branches including medical ethics, bioethics and research ethics. Medical ethics is a subdivision of philosophy or moral that attempts to elaborate the correct and incorrect performance in the field of medicine and health care through philosophical analysis. Bioethics is a part of applied science which uses ethical principles for solving present and foreseeable problems in medicine and biology. However, in this debate we are concerned with ethics in medical research [1]. Regarding the development of medical research in various fields such as human and animal research, special thought in these areas will be necessary. Medical world has a painful history because of disregard for ethical issues. Unfortunately, much evidence of this can be found in all countries of the world. For example, transfusions of infected blood to 40 patients in Robert Koch Institute to investigate their effect or implanting sand and glass into the wounds of patients to evaluate the effects of sulfonamides on wound infection [2,3]. Following the disclosure of immoral activities of the Nazi physicians at the end of World War II, all research centers adopted ethical research criteria along with training and organizational preparations to prevent a repetition of similar catastrophes [4]. Prosecution of those doctors who participated in immoral acts showed that the researchers especially in the medical field should be bound to respect the governing conventions. This led to the adoption of the “Nurember Declaration” in 1947. At the XVIIIth meeting of the World Medical Association (WMA) in Helsinki, a set of rules known as the ‘First Helsinki Declaration’ was adopted for the guidance of all professionals in this field [5]. At its twenty-ninth session, WMA amended the previous rules and introduced the ‘Second Helsinki Declaration’ to be followed in medical research [6]. Given a brief attention to the research process, we need to pay attention to ethical issues in all steps that are described below:

The anti-inflammatory effect of pelargonium graveolens methanolic extract in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in Rat model

August 2015 e51 The AnTi-inflAmmATory effecT of PelArgonium grAveolens meThAnolic exTrAcT in AceTic Acid-induced ulcerATive coliTis in rAT model B. Ghanizadeh; H. Shafaroodi; J. Asgarpanah; and Z.N. Sharifi Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran (IAUPS); Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran (IAUPS); and Department of Anatomy, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Background: IBD refers to two different, inflammatory conditions, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. There are limited drug classes for Treatments of IBD. As regards, more effective and less harmful compound for treatment appears to be essential, we investigate the efficacy of Pelargonium graveolens on colitis, which has antiinflammatory ingredients. Methods: After P. graveolens was extracted, rats were divided into groups Such as: the normal group (N.G) and the negative control group (NCG.), that received only normal saline; EXT100, EXT200 and EXT400 groups, which received 100, 200 and400 mg/kg/day of extract (p.o); the vehicle group (VG), which received vehicle orally; the Positive control group (SULF.G), which received Sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg/day, orally). Rats were given compounds for 72, 48, 24 and 2 hours before colitis induction as well as 24h thereafter. For induce colitis, 1ml of acetic acid 4.5% were instilled intra-colonially to each group. NS (1 mL) was administered to normal group. Twentyfour hours after the last gavage, colons were removed for assessed its macroscopic and microscopic changes and myeloperoxidase activities. Results: Forty-eight hours after colitis was induced, the macroscopic scores and DAI show inflammation in NCG and VG and the results of two groups weren’t significant difference together but other groups were significantly different with these two groups. Whereas, among other groups, there was no significant difference (P < 0.05). Microscopic examination shows Degradation rate in the CG compared to NCG, VG and EXT400 was significant (P < 0.05). This difference between the other groups wasn’t significantly from each other. MPO activity assessments show there are no significant differences between the extract groups with NG and SULFG, but there are significantly with VG and NGV (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory effect of P. graveolens is significant on colitis specially the dose of 100 mg/kg is recommended due to provide better effects than the others, so the results are encouraging and warrant clinical trials for further confirmation.

The Study of Fear Comminication and its Compare in Tehran Islamic

communication is associated with fear of negative evaluation, decreased social activities and low self-esteem.Fear of communication is the fourth most prevalent psychiatric disorders in Iran, as elsewhere, is highlyprevalent among adolescents. Since communication apprehension have a significant negative impact onstudents' performance detection, diagnosis and early intervention t can be helpful. The aim of this study wasto determine the Fear of communication among medical and nursing students of Islamic Azad University ofMedical Sciences, Tehra, Irann.Method and materials: This study was a descriptive comparative study .The sample of the study consisted of500 students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch participated. Participants were included inthe study by cluster sampling method. Half of the students were sophomores and the other half were thirdyearstudents in the Faculty of Medicine and Nursing. Data were collected by a questionnaire which consistedof demographic information, and (PRCA) 24, a twenty-four statements concerning feelings aboutcommunication with others.Results: Most of the participants in the second year, were medical students and most of the third yearstudents were nursing students. The results showed that the most prevalent fear in second year and third yearstudents associated with frightening situations (group discussion, presentation, interpersonal, publicspeaking) .The scores of fear of communication were higher in second year students comparing to third yearstudents. Remarkably, a significant relationship between demographic characteristics such as the field ofeducation, occupation, marital status, parental education, parental occupation and family size were obtained inboth groups (P< 0.05).Conclusion: There is a need for early identification of the disorder providing information and education forstudents and their parents.Keywords: Fear of communication, communication apprehension, Nursing students, Medical students.

Relationship of Moral Sensitivity and Distress Among Physicians.

Background:Providing health services is described as an important moral measure, since its major aim is to ensure the welfare of the people who need treatment and care. Moral sensitivity is the ability to identify the existing moral problem and understand the moral consequences of the decisions made on the patient’s part. Physicians are always exposed to moral distress due to various circumstances.Objectives:In this survey, we evaluated moral sensitivity and moral distress among physicians and the relationship of these ethical factors on them. Hence, we assessed y relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress in physicians will facilitate their sound management so as to provide high-quality and safe health services. Moreover it will confirm proposed theories regarding this subject.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study aimed at investigating the relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress among 321 specialist physicians working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran Medical Universities in Tehran. The samples were selected through two-stage random cluster sampling method. A three-partite questionnaire comprising of demographic characteristics, moral distress, and moral sensitivity was used for collecting data which then were analyzed using SPSS-20.Results:There was a negative significant relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress frequency; there was a positive significant relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress intensity. Participating in medical ethics courses increased moral sensitivity and decreased the frequency of moral distress.Conclusions:Participating in medical ethics courses increased moral sensitivity and decreased the frequency of moral distress.

Complains About Medical Malpractices in Aja Hospitals Submitted to Tehran Medical Council and Forensics

Background: One of the most important professional challenges of physicians is patients’ dissatisfaction and complaints submitted to judiciaries and their consequences in patients’ personal lives. These malpractices may take place everywhere in the healthcare system. Objectives: This research aimed at examining complaints against Military Hospitals medical malpractices within different medical disciplines, submitted to forensics and medical council of Tehran. Patients and Methods: This was an interim and explanatory-analytic research. All cases related to military hospitals submitted to central commission of Tehran medical council from 2006 to 2011 were examined. Results: Totally, 41 cases who lodged complaints were examined using detailed information, from which36 cases were male (87.7%) and 5 (12.2%) were female and the mean age was 43.91 ± 8.26. From those 41 proven medical malpractices, indiscretion accounted for 15 cases (36.58%), imprudence for 12 (29.26%), lack of scientific and practical skills for 10 (24.39%), and lack of observing state regulations for 4 (9.73%). Conclusions: Orthopedics specialists and general physicians accounted for the highest number of malpractices. Indiscretion and imprudence made up the highest rates of malpractices.

From change to organizational transformation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the application level of transformational organization components from Tehran Medical Science University librarians’ point of view. Design/methodology/approach – The present survey method is descriptive-scaling. The statistical population of this survey has included all librarians of Medical Science University of Tehran about 50 individuals. As a few numbers of statistical population, almost all of them were surveyed. Accomplished questionnaires were used to collect data. To analyze data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Friedman test were used. Findings – The results of survey showed that all components of transformational organization in the libraries of Medical Science University of Tehran were not very strong. Although the results of this survey showed that transformational organization components in the libraries of Medical Science University of Tehran are weak, to reach such a desirable level in libraries preparation of this university for converting to transformational organization, it is essential for managers and organizers of these libraries to take making relations more extensive among managers and staff for more cooperation in organization decision making, appropriate human resource training with up-to-date process, planning and practicality of organization knowledge map for discovering the talents and their management into serious consideration. Originality/value – To change conventional organization to a transformational one, change and transformation should occur in attitude and human resource knowledge organization and gradually in other dimensions means organizational structure, organizational culture and technology.

Analyzing and Prioritizing the Dimensions of Patient Safety Culture in Emergency Wards Using the TOPSIS Technique.

Background and Aim:Doubtlessly, permanent development in patient care services is not feasible without paying attention to the culture of safety by health and treatment institutes. The present study is an attempt to analyze the cultural aspects of patient safety in the emergency wards of hospitals affiliated with the Tehran Medical Science University. The viewpoint of the nurses and hospital officials and their priorities were studied. For prioritizing the results of this study the TOPSIS technique was chosen.Methods:The study was conducted as an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional one. It was carried out in two parts: at first the cultural aspects of the patients were measured using a questionnaire for a six months period in 2011 in emergency wards of the hospitals under study. The study population was constituted of physicians and nurses of the emergency wards. The sample group (n=270) was selected through a cluster sampling and its size was determined by using the sample size formula. For data gathering, the standard questionnaire of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was used. The data were analyzed in SPSS. The aspects of the safety culture were prioritized using the TOPSIS model. The criteria were ranked by using the MATLAB software.Results:There was a significant relationship among the aspects of performance, teamwork, feedback, mistake relationships, and the support of the managers (P ≤ 0.05). The total point of the patient safety culture in the majority of the hospitals were at a mean level of 3. The maximum score was 5. The maximum and minimum mean points were obtained by the Hasheminejad and Sina hospitals respectively. The results of the multivariate decision-making analysis indicated that human, managerial, organizational, and environmental factors were at the top of priorities in a descending order. The factors were extremely effective in the improvement of safety in hospitals.Conclusion:Human factors were the most effective and important factors in the improvement of safety in emergency wards. Therefore, there is a need to pay more attention to such factors in safety improvement programming. Training, cultural works, preparation of organizational environments, and motivating environmental factors were of the main measures that must be taken into account by the managers.

Iran's Scientific Interactions and Communications with the G8 Countries

In recent years various studies are conducted about scientific cooperation among researchers. This study aims at examining extent of scientific cooperation between Iranian and the G8 countries as per the Scopus database covering the period from 1999-2011.This is a survey- descriptive research, and employs scientometric method. In the present study, situation of knowledge production in Iran and G8 countries and their cooperation in producing scientific papers was analyzed. Findings show that during study period scientific cooperation between Iran and G8 countries has increasing trend and with 26% growth rate after 2004. Tehran University, Sana'ti Sharif and Tehran Medical University have the highest scientific cooperation with these 8 countries. Researchers in engineering, medical sciences, physics and astronomy have published highest number of joint papers. Most of these works are in English language and more than 92% articles are in journals or conferences.

AB1425-HPR Effects of a yoga program on pain relief, reducing anxiety and extended range of motion of knee in rheumatoid arthritis patients

BackgroundRheumatoid Arthritis as a chronic systemic disease, is the most common cause of joints inflammation and deformity. Chronic pain, fatigue, decline in physical activity and joint range of motion limitation...

Comparison of mechanically ventilated patients with three types of

ABSTRACTBackground and aim: Communication is one of the most essential needs of humanbeings.Mechanical ventilation compromises patients’ ability to communicate their needs. Thisresearch was conducted to assess the effect of three methods of communication with patientsreceiving mechanical on their satisfaction in Arak hospitals 1389(2010).Method and materials: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in Intensive Care Units ofValey Asr, Amir Al Momenin and Ghods hospitals in Arak ,Iran. 60 patients who were admitted inICU and were receiving mechanical ventilation were included in the study. These patients wererandomly allocated in three groups.During a 12 hours period researcher used 1 method ofcommunication for each group of these patients. These mrthods of communication included :A:Communicational board (words & letters). B: Communicational board (pictures & letters). C: Theconventional method. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted ofthree parts: demographic variables, medical history and satisfaction with communicationmethod.Validity of the instrument was assured by content validity index. , Cronbach's alpha wasused to determine the reliability of the iinstrument. SPSS, version 16 was used for data analysis.Findings:There was not a significant difference among three groups in terms of age, gender, meanlength of stay in the ICU before mechanical ventilation treatment. The mean satisfaction scoreswere 2.58, 3.83 and 4.10 for conventional communication group, communication board A ( words& letters) and communication board B( pictures and letters) respectively. There was a significantdifference among three groups in terms of their satisfaction with communication method(P<0.001).The one way analysis of variance indicated that using communication boards A & Bsignificantly increased patient satisfaction.Conclusion: Using communication boards facilitates communication with mechanically ventilatedpatients and increase their satisfaction.*Corresponding Author: Ziba Farahani Borzabadi, Borzabadi Farahani. Dept.of Nursing, Facultyof Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranEmail: ziba_farahani_2000@Yahoo.com-Cabe C (2004). Nurse – patient communication: an exploration of patient’s experiences. Journal of ClinicalNursing.13(1) 41-49.-Elder N et al. (2008). Nurse's perception of error communication and reporting in intensive care unit. Journal of PatientSafety. 4 (3)162-168.-Ghamari zare A et al (2008) [Quality of nurse's performance and patient's satisfaction in cardiac care units]. Tabib eShargh Journal 10 (1) 27-36. (Persian)-Imani-Pour M [Quasi experimental research on anxiety and satisfaction of patients undergoing open cardiac surgeryhaving intubation in selective hospital of Tehran Medical university 2001] MSc Thesis in nursing. Tehran University ofMedical Science.(Persian)-Kozier B et al (2008). Fundamental of Nursing Concept and Procedure. 8th edition. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Inc.-Patak L Gawlinski A Fung I et al (2006) Communication boards in critical care: patients’ views.Applied NursingResearch 19(4) 182-190-Potter P Perry A (2005). Fundamental of Nursing.7th edition. St.Louis: Mosby.-Price A (2004). Intensive care nurses' experiences of assessing and dealing with patient's psychological needs. Nursingin Critical Care. 9(3):134-142.-Rask MT et al (2009). Effects of an intervention aimed at improving nurse-patient communication in an oncologyoutpatient clinic. Cancer Nursing.32 (1)1-11-Schulmeister L et al (2005). Quality of life quality of care, and patient satisfaction: Perceptions of patient undergoingoutpatient autologous stem cell transplantation. Oncology Nursing Forum. 32 (1) 57-59-Stovesky B et al. (1988). Comparison of two types of communication methods used after cardiac surgery with patientswith endotracheal tubs. Heart& Lung.17 (3) 281-289.-Taylor C Lillis C Lemone P (2008).Fundamental of Nursing: The Art and Science of Nursing Care. 6 th edition.Philadelphia: Lippincott. Co-Trovo De Araujo M Paes Da Silva M (2004). Communication with dying patient –perception of intensive care unitsnurses in Brazil. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 13 (5) 143-153.