Teeth In Class Research Articles

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Collum Angle in Different Sagittal Malocclusions: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Assessment of crown-root angulation of the anterior teeth as defined by the collum angle (CA) is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning. This study was undertaken to evaluate the CA of all anterior teeth within both the maxillary and mandibular arches across various sagittal malocclusions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, the secondary aims included investigating sex disparities and side variances in this angular measurement. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 pre-orthodontic patients divided into four groups with 20 patients in each group: Group 1, dentoskeletal class I; Group 2, dentoskeletal class II withdivision 1 malocclusion; Group 3, dentoskeletal class II withdivision 2 malocclusion; and Group 4, dentoskeletal class III malocclusion. CA was assessed using CBCT for all anterior teeth in both jaws. The data were then subjected to statistical analysis. There were statistically significant differences in the CA for all anterior teeth in both jaws among all groups (p<0.05). The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Groups 4, 2, and 1 for the maxillary central incisors (CIs). The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Group 2, Group 1, and Group 3 for the maxillary lateral incisors (LI). The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Groups 2, 4, and 1 for the maxillary canines. The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Groups 4, 2, and 1 for the mandibular CI. The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Groups 4, 2, and 1 for the mandibular LI. The mean CA was highest in Group 3, followed by Groups 4, 2, and 1 for the mandibular canines. There were no statistically significant sex or side (right and left) differences between the groups (p>0.05). The highest CA was observed in class II division 2 for all the anterior teeth. The CA of the mandibular teeth was lower than that of the maxillary teeth, and the lowest values of CA were obtained for mandibular teeth in class I malocclusion.

Pengaruh Penyuluhan Cara Menyikat Gigi dengan Metode Ceramah dan Simulasi Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Siswa SD Negeri 4 Babahan Tahun 2024

Dental and Oral Health is a condition where the oral cavity including the teeth and also the supporting tissue structure is free from disease and can function optimally. Efforts to increase knowledge can be through health counseling. Counseling with various targets that are more focused on vulnerable groups of school children. The aim of this research is to to find out the effect of counseling on how to brush teeth using lecture and simulation methods on increasing the knowledge and skills of students at SD Negeri 4 Bahanan in 2024. This type of research is Quasi-experimental with a pre and postest control group design. The data used in this study were primary and secondary data using questionnaires and observation checklists. The results of the study obtained an average level of knowledge before being given counseling of 71.89 with sufficient criteria and increased after being given counseling to 90.56 with good criteria. Tooth brushing skills obtained an average before being given counseling of 67.22 with sufficient criteria and increased after being given counseling of 96 with very good criteria and the results of the influence test show that the sig value (2-tailed) = 0.00 is smaller than 0.05, then Ho is accepted. The conclusion of this research that, there is an influence of counseling on how to brush your teeth using lecture and simulation methods on increasing knowledge and skills on how to brush your teeth in class IV and V students at SD Negeri 4 Babahan in 2024 before and after being given the counseling.

Three-dimensional analysis of the positional relationship between the dentition and basal bone region in patients with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion.

This study aimed to determine the maxillary and mandibular basal bone regions and explore the three-dimensional positional relationship between the dentition and basal bone regions in patients with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions with mandibular retrusion. Eighty patients (40 each with Class I and Class II malocclusion) were enrolled. Maxillary and mandibular basal bone regions were determined using cone-beam computed tomography images. To measure the relationship between the dentition and basal bone region, the root position and root inclination were calculated using the coordinates of specific fixed points by a computer program written in Python. In the Class II group, the mandibular anterior teeth inclined more labially (P < 0.05), with their apices positioned closer to the external boundary. The apex of the maxillary anterior root was positioned closer to the external boundary in both groups. Considering the molar region, the maxillary first molars tended to be more lingually inclined in females (P = 0.037), whereas the mandibular first molars were significantly more labially inclined in the Class II group (P < 0.05). Mandibular anterior teeth in Class II malocclusion exhibit a compensatory labial inclination trend with the crown and apex relative to the basal bone region when mandibular retrusion occurs. Moreover, as the root apices of the maxillary anterior teeth are much closer to the labial side in Class I and Class II malocclusion, the range of movement at the root apex should be limited to avoid extensive labial movement.

Three-dimensional evaluation of alveolar bone and pharyngeal airway dimensions after mandibular dentition distalization in patients with Class III malocclusion: a retrospective study

BackgroundTo three-dimensionally evaluate changes of the alveolar bone around the mandibular anterior teeth and pharyngeal airway dimensions in adults with Class III malocclusion before and after orthodontic treatment of mandibular dentition distalization.MethodsIn this retrospective study, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 20 patients with Class III malocclusion who underwent mandibular dentition distalization were obtained both before and after treatment. Three-dimensional changes of the thickness and vertical marginal bone levels around mandibular incisors and canines were assessed and compared. And airway volumes of the palato-, glosso-, laryngopharynx and the minimum axial area were measured and compared before and after treatment.ResultsA significant decrease of lingual bone thickness of mandibular incisors, partial labial and lingual bone thickness of canines were observed (P < 0.05). The reduction in root length of incisors and canines, labial and lingual vertical marginal bone levels were significant after orthodontic treatment. No significant correlations between mandibular dentition distalization and pharyngeal airway dimensions were observed.ConclusionsMandibular dentition distalization could result in the loss of alveolar bone around anterior teeth in Class III malocclusion, especially for the cervical marginal bone. Pharyngeal airway dimensions were not affected to a high extent after distalization.Trial registrationRetrospctively registered.

The Relationship between Parental Knowledge and Children's Anxiety Level in Tooth Extraction

Anxiety is a psychological reaction to something unwanted. Dental anxiety is the thought that something scary will happen before someone has a dental visit or treatment. The results of the initial data collection related to anxiety about tooth extraction at SD Islam Maryam Surabaya, it is known that 86% of children experience severe anxiety. The study aims to determine the relationship between parental knowledge and children's anxiety levels in the act of removing teeth in class IV SD Islam Maryam Surabaya. The type of research used was analytic research with a cross-sectional design, with 65 class IV children as research subjects. Data collection method by means of a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Chi Square test. The test results from the study obtained an Asymp.sig.(2-tailed) value of 0.000, which means that the p value (signification) is smaller than α (0.05) so that parental knowledge is related to the level of anxiety in the act of removing teeth in class IV SD Islam Maryam Surabaya.&#x0D; INDEX TERMS Knowledge, Anxiety, Tooth extraction

Alveolar bone defects around mandibular anterior teeth in Class I, II, and III malocclusions: a retrospective CBCT evaluation

Background: The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate alveolar defects of mandibular anterior alveolar bone in three different types of malocclusion with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) by an observational cross-sectional study.

EARLY TREATMENT OF SKELETAL CLASS II BY FRÄNKEL FUNCTIONAL REGULATOR

In this case 7-year-old boy with severe distal bite caused by mandibular retrognathism was treated by Fränkel functional regulator type Ic. Aim: The aim of this paper was to show main skeletal and dental effects of Fränkel functional regulator type I in early treatment of skeletal distal bite. Appropriate timing for usage of functional appliance can successfully correct mandibular retrognathism and avoid later prolonged orthodontic treatment. Material and method: In this case boy in early mixed dentition with skeletal Class II was treated. Before treatment clinical examinations, study cast analysis, intraoral and extraoral photos, orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram have been done. Active phase of treatment lasted 18 months. During this period patient wore an appliance continuously for 24 hours except during meals. An appliance was made on the basis of registered construction bite in position of posterior teeth in Class I. Patient activated screws in appliance once in 10 days. Lateral cephalogram, intraoral and extraoral photos have been done on the end of active phase of orthodontic treatment. Results and conclusion: Before treatment patient had severe Class II with deep bite and overjet of 11mm. Parameters on lateral cephalogram were: SNA 83°, SNB 77°, ANB 6°, Wits apprasial 9mm, SpP/MP 27°, FMA 21°, FMIA 59°, IMPA 100°, I/SpP 117°, Bjork 390°, Jarabak ratio 68%. After active phase of treatment patient had stable occlusion in Class I, reduced overbite and overjet of 3mm. At the end of the treatment measured parameters on the lateral cephalogram were: SNA 83°, SNB 79°, ANB 4°, Wits apprasial 0mm, SpP/MP 25°, FMA 20°, FMIA 59°, IMPA 101°, I/SpP 115°, Bjork 390°, Jarabak ratio 68%. Fränkel functional regulator is very successfull appliance for early treatment of skeletal distal bite, before pubertal growth spurt. This appliance causes skeletal and dentoalveolar changes and contributes to the correction of swallowing and speech.

Maxillary sinus dimensions in skeletal class II population with different vertical skeletal patterns.

The location of the maxillary sinus significantly affects the orthodontic treatment, particularly when temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are taking place. The current study aims to evaluate the maxillary sinus size and location in a skeletal class II population. The pre-orthodontic treatment CBCT images of the skeletal class II population were selected. The sinus's volumetric size, height, width, and depth were measured and compared among different skeletal vertical patterns and between genders. In addition, the height and width of the alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary sinus floor were quantified in the same manner. Patients who displayed a high-angle skeletal pattern had significantly greater maxillary sinus dimensions, shorter vertical distance between the maxillary sinus floor and the alveolar bone crest, and thinner alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary sinus. Meanwhile, the maxillary sinus dimension measurements were positively correlated with the SN-MP angle in both genders but only correlated with ANB angle in females. On the other hand, the vertical distance between the maxillary sinus floor and the alveolar bone crest was negatively correlated with the SN-MP angle in males but the ANB angle in females. In the skeletal class II population, the high-angle patients faced a higher risk of maxillary sinus perforations by TADs. In addition, gender-related variations were noticed warranting clinical attention, as males have a higher potential for maxillary sinus penetration from TAD placement than females. Maxillary posterior alveolar TADs are often prescribed to achieve the distalization of maxillary posterior teeth in class II patients. The current study provided more insight into the "safe zone" for TAD placement related to the maxillary sinus.

TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN ORANGTUA TENTANG ASUPAN NUTRISI YANG BAIK BAGI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN GIGI ANAK

Parents knowledge is very important in underpinning the formation of attitudes and behaviors that support or do not support children's dental and oral health. Teeth for a child are very important in the process of growth and development of children. Nutrition and dental and oral health have a close relationship, especially in children who have a growth and development phase. Good and proper nutrition is important to support dental and oral health. On the other hand, oral health is also important for adequate nutritional intake. Dental caries is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases in children and is closely related to nutrition. This type of research is descriptive, the purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge of parents about good nutrition for the growth and development of children's teeth in Class I SDN 142 Dwikora Bandung City. The number of samples in this study were 32 respondents (Sampling in this study used a total sampling technique, namely a sampling technique where the number of samples was the same as the population. The method of collecting data was obtained from the results of a questionnaire about parental knowledge about kinds of good nutrition and growth time and dental development of children. The results showed that 46.9% of respondents on average had good parental knowledge about nutrition for the growth and development of children's teeth. Meanwhile, in 56.3% parents' knowledge about the growth and development of children's teeth is still lacking.

Dental arch and Smile Changes Following Miniscrew Anchored En-masse Retraction of Anterior Teeth in Class II Division 1 Malocclusion

Objective: to evaluate dental arch and smile changes after miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in Class II division 1 malocclusion cases. Methods: A total of 22 adult patients (mean age, 19.78 + 1.24 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion were randomly assigned to 2 groups; group I (11 patients treated with miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction) and group II (11 patients treated with two-step retraction using conventional anchorage). Skeletal, dentoalveolar and smile changes were analyzed in both groups using standardized photographs, study casts, and lateral cephalograms before and after space closure. Results: Miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction showed a statistically significant decrease in upper incisor display (U1UL) (-2.22±1.33; P 0.05). Group II demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in IMW (-1.63 ± 1.19, P<0.05) and significant mesialization of maxillary first molars (U6-MR, U6-LR) (-2.46 +1.64, -1.03 + 1.13, P˂0.05). Conclusion: The use of miniscrews as a means of anchorage during retraction of maxillary anterior teeth provides an absolute anchorage for maxillary first molars with in either anteroposterior or vertical direction. Therefore, it could effectively reduce upper incisors display without altering buccal corridor dimensions or affecting the smile arc.

Frequency of Injury to Front Teeth in Class II Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion

Frequency of Injury to Front Teeth in Class II Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion

Rapid maxillary expansion in a pseudo Class III malocclusion with blocked out maxillary canines

A major factor determining if early correction of an anterior crossbite will be stable is the achievement of a positive overbite. A clinician should avoid extracting maxillary teeth in Class III cases to contain the forward growth of the mandible. This article presents a case report of a pseudo Class III patient with anterior crossbite and maxillary blocked out canines, based on the best available evidence. We hereby propose a combination of rapid maxillary expansion with 2 × 4 appliance to provide a predictable and effective approach to managing pseudo Class III treatment with blocked out canines (moderate crowding) that were once considered implausible. A clinician should avoid extracting maxillary teeth in Class III cases to contain the forward growth of the mandible.

Evaluation of Interincisal Angle and Lip Position in Class II Division 1 Malocclusion Treatment with Upper Premolar Extraction

Introduction: Protrusive anterior teeth in class II division 1 malocclusion cause the facial profile to become convex with anterior teeth retraction is expected to correct protrusive teeth and improve facial profile. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a change in lip position after incisor retraction in the treatment of class II division 1 malocclusion with extraction of maxillary premolars. This study was carried out on lateral cephalometry before and after treatment in 25 patients with class II division 1 malocclusion to evaluate changes in lip position with the Burstone method. To assess the results of treatment, statistical analysis was performed using t test and the Wilcoxon test. Result: The results of the comparison test of the facial profile of the upper lip and lower lip before and after treatment showed a p-value of 0.001 (p-value 0.001 < 0.05) meaning that there were significant differences in the position of the upper lip and lower lip before and after treatment using Burstone method. Conclusion: There is a change in facial profile after retraction of the anterior teeth in the treatment of class II division 1 malocclusion with extraction of the maxillary premolars.

Correlation between Von Spee’s Curve and Vertical Dental Eruptions in Class II Division-2 Malocclusion

Introduction: Von Spee’s curve is one of the important treatment aspects in orthodontics. Any orthodontic treatment planning is dependent on this key factor.Objective: To find out the correlation between the Von Spee’s curve and occlusal eruption of anterio-posterior teeth in Class II Division 2 malocclusion.Materials &amp; Method: Current research was conceived at the Department of Orthodontics, de’Montmorency College of Dentistry and Faisalabad Medical University. Two hundred and fifty Class II Division 2 patients (112 male, mean age: 15.1±1.5 years; 138 female, mean age: 15.4± 1.3 years) were included. Depth of the curve was calculated on lateral cephalograms and dental plaster models, and correlated with the vertical eruption of lower incisal teeth and posterior mandibular molars.Result: The mesiobuccal site of mandibular first molar was the deepest part of Von Spee’s curve, and vertical eruption of lower incisal teeth were more related to depth of Von Spee’s curve as compared to vertical eruption of mandibular molars.Conclusion: Vertical eruption of the mandibular molar teeth make significant contribution to the depth of Von Spee’s curve in Class II Division 2 malocclusion.

Measurement of Mesiodistal Axial Angulation of the Teeth in Class I Malocclusion in Adults

This study aimed to provide a description of the mesiodistal axial angulation of themaxillary and mandibular teeth in cases of class I malocclusion.The values of the mesiodistal axial angulation of the teeth were measured for 20subjects (10 males and 10 females) from orthopantomograph using computer programand comparisons were made between the right and left sides and between males andfemales.The mean values of the mesiodistal axial angulation of the teeth were higher inmales than in females, and higher on the right side in upper and lower arches than onthe left side for males, females and total sample, however; there was no statisticallysignificant difference between the groups. This study provided a good description ofthe mesiodistal axial angulation of the maxillary and mandibular teeth in cases ofclass I malocclusion.

Evaluating the width to length ratio of maxillary anterior teeth in Class I canine relation- An observational study

Evaluating the width to length ratio of maxillary anterior teeth in Class I canine relation- An observational study

Prevalence of Impacted Wisdom Teeth in Middle Black Sea Population

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional randomized study was to investigate the prevalence and angulation of third molar impaction in patients between 19‒26 years old who were living in the Middle Black Sea region of Turkey. Patients and Methods: Total 1006 patients between 19 and 26 years of age who were referred to the Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery between 2010 and 2015 were included in the study. Of these 1,006 patients, 410 were male and 596 were female. The prevalence and positions of the impacted third molar teeth from the 4th quadrant on the panoramic radiographs were documented according to the classifications of Pell and Gregory as well as that of Winter. In the Pell and Gregory classification, the teeth in class C were evaluated as impacted teeth. Results: There was a total of 1,518 impacted molars. Of the included patients, 48.3% had impacted third molars. The most common angulation of impacted third molars was the vertical position in both mandible (28.4%) and maxilla (28.8%). The prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars (57.3%) was significantly higher than that of the impacted maxillary third molars (42.7%) (P<0.05). The prevalence and angulation of impacted third molars between genders was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The pattern of third molar impaction in the Middle Black Sea region was characterized by a high prevalence of level C impaction with a vertical position that was greater in the mandibles and had no sex predilection.

Can combined maxillomandibular distraction osteogenesis avoid bilateral sagittal split osteotomies?

Background: Maxillary expansion and transversal maxillary distraction osteogenesis are becoming increasingly popular approaches in orthognathic surgery. Intraoral transversal mandibular distraction (TMD) osteogenesis procedures are utilised in many cases of transverse mandibular deficiency with dental crowding of the mandibular anterior teeth in class I, II and III malocclusions. Dental and skeletal positional changes after TMD were studied prior to osteotomies on patients with diverse malocclusions. Le Fort I advancement, trans palatal distraction (TPD) and TMD were performed both together or in later cases separately starting with the TMD followed by TPD, Le Fort I about 4 weeks later. Methods: We sought to determine the facial aesthetic amelioration and the subsequent degree of mandibular advancement resulting in an adequate realignment of the dental arch. We also note that these changes result in a change in the facial mask both anteroposteriorly and transversally. Findings: The facial aesthetic modifications after TMD were evaluated with cephalometric analysis, computed tomography scan, three-dimensional analysis and photographic data in 50 patients. Conclusions: The combination of TMD with or without repositioning of the maxilla (Le Fort I) and TMD allows a relatively good restoration of the facial structure and harmony. In most cases we were able to avoid a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy due to significant mandibular lengthening.

Different manifestations of Class II Division 2 incisor retroclination: A morphologic study

The aims of this study were to investigate whether there is a different transverse morphologic pattern of dental arches among patients with different manifestations of Class II Division 2 incisor retroclination and to evaluate to what extent the pattern of smaller-than-average teeth in Class II Division 2 malocclusion is common to all groups studied. This information might clarify whether different Class II Division 2 phenotypes represent a single etiology or multiple etiologies. The sample comprised 108 subjects with Class II Division 2 malocclusions, divided into 2 groups according to the type of incisor retroclination: group I included 43 Class II Division 2 subjects with retroclination exclusively of the maxillary central incisors, and group II included 65 Class II Division 2 subjects with retroclination of the 4 maxillary incisors. Maxillary and mandibular intercanine and intermolar widths as well as mesiodistal crown dimensions of the 4 maxillary and mandibular incisors were determined from the patients' initial study models. Mean values of all variables were compared between the 2 groups by sex with analysis of variance. From the comparison between these 2 groups, no statistically significant differences were found for all transverse measurements (P>0.05). For all mesiodistal measurements analyzed, statistically significant differences between the groups were only found for the mean value of both maxillary lateral incisors' mesiodistal dimensions in both sexes (P<0.05). It is not possible to attribute a characteristic pattern of dental arch-width and incisor mesiodistal dimensions to the different manifestations of incisor retroclination in Class II Division 2 malocclusion.

Evaluation of Bone Insertion Level of Support Teeth in Class I Mandibular Removable Partial Denture Associated With an Osseointegrated Implant: A Study Using Finite Element Analysis

: This study evaluated the influence of distal extension removable partial denture associated with implant in cases of different bone level of abutment tooth, using 2D finite element analysis. : Eight hemiarch models were simulated: model A-presenting tooth 33 and distal extension removable partial denture replacing others teeth, using distal rest connection and no bone lost; model B-similar to model A but presenting distal guide plate connection; model C- similar to model A but presenting osseointegrated implant with ERA retention system associated under prosthetic base; model D-similar to model B but presenting osseointegrated implant as described in model C; models E, F, G, and H were similar to models A, B, C, and D but presenting reduced periodontal support around tooth 33. Using ANSYS 9.0 software, the models were loaded vertically with 50 N on each cusp tip. For results, von Mises Stress Maps were plotted. : Maximum stress value was encountered in model G (201.023 MPa). Stress distribution was concentrated on implant and retention system. The implant/removable partial denture association decreases stress levels on alveolar mucosa for all models. : Use of implant and ERA system decreased stress concentrations on supporting structures in all models. Use of distal guide plate decreased stress levels on abutment tooth and cortical and trabecular bone. Tooth apex of models with reduced periodontal support presented increased stress when using distal rest.