TED Conference Research Articles

Are subtitling norms evidence-based? A narrative comparison of guidelines and subtitling advice with empirical evidence

ABSTRACT Despite comprehensive descriptions of norms in the literature, rapid evolution of subtitling practices often renders these outdated, and empirical investigation remains limited. This narrative scoping review aimed to provide a snapshot of current practice by investigating the consistency of English interlingual subtitling guidelines from four media providers (Netflix, Disney, TED Conferences, and Channel 4) and how these compare to academic prescriptions for practice. It also explored the extent to which current norms are supported by empirical evidence. Results compared instructions from media providers with academic recommendations and empirical research data in six key areas: (1) subtitle speed; (2) duration; (3) length; (4) segmentation; (5) position; and (6) appearance (color, font). Results indicated current guidelines are largely consistent across providers and allow faster speeds and longer lengths than previous norms. Additionally, results indicated subtitling norms have generally been proposed with little empirical justification, and empirical research conducted thus far has had limited generalizability. Going forward, a strong evidentiary basis for subtitling practices should be established to avoid unjustified restrictions on decision-making and to strengthen the professionalization of subtitling. Future research should explore impacts of various subtitling guidelines on audience comprehension and enjoyment to ensure that practices remain relevant and effective.

THESAURUS-I OF THE SECONDARY LANGUAGE PERSONALITY REPRESENTED IN THE ECONOMIC TEXTS IN ENGLISH

This article is devoted to the study of the verbal-semantic level (Thesaurus-I) of the secondary linguistic personality based on the analysis of texts on economic and financial topics. 8 texts (17,348 words, 97,712 characters, 132 minutes 36 seconds), which are transcripts of a monologue public speech by non-native English speakers at a TED conference, and 10 texts (19,227 words, 110,133 characters, 125 minutes 44 seconds), which are transcripts of native English speakers’ speeches, are served as the material for this study. The paper presents the results of a statistical analysis of the use of words frequency, proving the fact that Thesaurus-I of the secondary linguistic personality under analysis corresponds to the verbal-semantic level of native speakers. Further, the results of a statistical analysis of the use of Word Classes frequency are given indicating that the analyzed texts are a reflection of the real English language picture of the world. In addition, a thesaurus of English texts of an economic orientation has been built and analyzed, which allows describing the main characteristics of an English language picture of the world fragment, verbalized in texts of an economic orientation, and highlighting its inherent archetypes.

Raising the Level of Students' Foreign Communicative Competence in the Field of International Relations on the Material of Ted Talk

The specific of the communicative approach is highlighted and its influence on the professional communicative competence of international relations students. The results of the research are described, and it is proved the effectiveness of communicative techniques, improving the level of foreign communicative competence of the students of international relations based on TED talk materials. It is mentioned that the formation of a professional communicative preparation was provided on the different stages of the professional communicative competence approbation of students of international relations. The TED talk video is created from TED presentation (technology, entertainment, design) conferences or important events which took place in the world. TED talks are mostly limited till 18 minutes but there are exceptions. TEDx website's explanation of selection criteria: TED looks for engaging, charismatic speakers whose talks expose new ideas that are supported by concrete evidence and are relevant to a broad, international audience. The first TED conference was in 1984; the conference has been held annually since 1990. Over the years, presenters of TED talks have included Al Gore, Bill Clinton, Bill Gates, Bono, Jane Goodall, Malcolm Gladwell, Gordon Brown, Richard Dawkins Mike Rowe, Larry Page, Sergey Brin and Vint Cerf. So, the intensive communicative approach in teaching English is of great value and has great retrospect into the future, which allows the real and natural communicative process and approaching to the foreign communicative environment on condition of realization the system of communicative preparation by means of audiovisual resources in educational process, creating the authentic atmosphere.

Nigeria as a country of stories

The article is dedicated to the phenomenon of storytelling and its evolution in the context of globalization and digitalization. The choice of Nigeria as an object of study is not accidental. The oral tradition in Nigeria has developed dynamically over the centuries. Nigerian literature is considered to be a successor of the traditions of world classics. It was the writers - the «children of Herodotus» - who assumed the function of recording and relaying stories that, being biased, led to the destruction of a number of stereotypes regarding Africa and Africans. The traditions of storytelling appeared in literature and journalism, in television and radio broadcasting, across In-ternet. Nigerians have become active participants in TED conferences. Storytelling in Nigeria has become a profession. Within its framework, famous writers, including women, found application, overthrowing gender inequality.

Коммуникативные стратегии англоязычного спикера в научно-популярном медиадискурсе (на примере материалов проекта Ted Conference)

Коммуникативные стратегии англоязычного спикера в научно-популярном медиадискурсе (на примере материалов проекта Ted Conference)

Corpus-Based Move Analysis of TED Talks about Education

This present paper explores the rhetorical structure of some selected talks from TED conference under the topic of education to discuss the essential and optional moves applied in these talks. Based on the result the author tries to talk about the possibility of incorporating such instruction of oral presentation in academic genre in college English classroom. The study sets up a corpus of TED talks with the tag of education to tease out the shared structurefeatures and flexibility in them. The study identifies the essential and optional moves based on the frequency and occurrence. Meanwhile, the findings also indicate the importance of topic and conventions of TED conferences.

Pandemics, Power, and Conspiracy Theories

Pandemics, Power, and Conspiracy Theories

Architectural Intelligence: How Designers and Architects Created the Digital Landscape by Molly Wright Steenson

Reviewed by: Architectural Intelligence: How Designers and Architects Created the Digital Landscape by Molly Wright Steenson Orit Halpern (bio) Architectural Intelligence: How Designers and Architects Created the Digital Landscape By Molly Wright Steenson. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2017. Pp. 328. "Computing isn't about computers anymore. It is about living." MIT Media Lab founder Nicholas Negroponte's words appear prophetic to many of us, glued to our screens for work, consumption, sociality, and health reasons amid a global pandemic. To survive, the need for ubiquitous computing seems unquestionable. It should not be. Our current acceptance and even desire for these mediated conditions are historically situated and contingent. As terms like "reboot" circulate with increasing frequency, we might question what it is we are rebooting or reviving and if we want the future to look like the past. At such a time, it is essential to look back at how we have designed and imagined our computational environments. Within this context, Molly Wright Steenson's Architectural Intelligence is an excellently researched and accessible invitation to engage with histories of design and computation. To the growing body of literature investigating how digital technologies impact and transform architecture, Steenson offers an alternative perspective. Challenging technophilic approaches to the history of architecture, the book's narrative does not ask if computing has changed architecture, but rather demonstrates that architectural concepts have shaped how we design and imagine digital technologies. The author does so by examining the work of four individuals: Christopher Alexander, an innovator in concepts of object oriented programming and applying computing to urban design; Richard Saul Wurman, founder of the TED conferences; Cedric Price, speculative designer and architect; and Nicholas Negroponte, founder of MIT Media Lab. What these individuals have in common is their training as architects, although their architectural thinking is not always shared by the field. Uniquely, the book challenges conventional histories of both computing and architecture. Steenson redefines what constitutes architectural practice and demonstrates how spatial practices and thinking informed digital technology and design. To this end, the inclusion of individuals like [End Page 1265] Wurman is original. His work creating conferences and formats such as TED invites us to consider design as inclusive of such practices as structuring conversations and knowledge production and dissemination. In acknowledging the informatic nature of digital ecologies, Steenson urges us to consider media formats and knowledge infrastructures as central to spatial practices in our present. She argues that architectural thinking since the 1960s has reformulated the concept of space as interactive, adaptive, responsive, and intelligent—ideas that are now universal in the world of digital media. What constitutes intelligence, of course, is historically contested. Architectural Intelligence clearly sets out to revise commonly held notions of the term. The text's central argument is that each of the figures tracked had different ideas about intelligence. For Alexander, "hyperstability" and maintaining equilibrium were the goals of urban design through computation. For Price, "life conditioning" and interactivity were the measure of success, or what we might label the "intelligence" of a design. For Negroponte, intelligence equated with "self-organization" and "problem worrying." The relationship between the machine and the designer was a "conversation" that would produce new forms of design, creating a human-machine process that could learn and evolve. These differing concepts of intelligence remind us that the work of architects informed our contemporary understanding of machine learning systems, thus influencing design. While all three architects shared influences from cybernetics and the communication and computational sciences of the post-war period, their differing visions of software and design might serve as lessons for the present. Whether we see a technology as having to preserve stability or disrupt social order, also has a bearing on its design. This is particularly important in our contemporary (particularly American) automation and digitization of medical, urban, social service, and environmental management systems. As ideals of data driven planning and self-organizing systems replace centralized and democratic infrastructures, we are left questioning the ethical and political consequences of such discourses and imaginaries. One critique of this book, is that it only engages in a limited manner with the ethical and political consequences of Architectural Intelligence. Steenson is careful to note her...

Ретроспективи становлення конференції «Technology Entertainment Design» (TED) як бренда

The article discusses the historical aspects and factors that have contributed to the emergence of TED, as the conference has not only lost its position for thirty years, but continues to gain worldwide popularity. Technology Entertainment Design is a world-renowned conference whose mission is to spread thoughts, ideas that can motivate us to make personal and societal changes, that is, to inspire people from around the globe to make the world better. The emergence of TED as an international brand was facilitated by the fact that the areas of activity began to expand significantly due to the launch of new successful programs and initiatives: the TED Conference; TEDGlobal Conference; the annual TED Prize; open project ‘Translations’; open project ‘TV’; TED Fellows; TEDx conferences. TEDGlobal is a conference dedicated to human ingenuity through the study of ideas, innovations and creativity from around the world. The TEDx format invites individuals or groups of people to organize local, self-organized events around the world. The costs of this program include ongoing training and seminars for participants, as well as reaching out to new communities, as the main goal is to support this global international community. The TED Fellows project helps innovators from around the world become part of the TED community and with it help to achieve even greater success. The TED Youth and Education Initiative is TED-Ed, which aims to organize the exchange of interesting ideas and knowledge between teachers and students from around the world. The sources analyzed have highlighted a number of factors that contributed to the emergence of TED as a brand, namely: the increase in the number of interesting projects and initiatives launched by TED, the uniqueness of the conference format; peculiarities of the selection of speakers, the relevance of the topics of speeches, the requirements for speaking, the reach of various target audiences, the attraction of innovative technologies.

Top tips for giving an engaging talk

Three researchers share lessons they’ve learnt from presenting at TED conferences. Three researchers share lessons they’ve learnt from presenting at TED conferences.

¿Burbujas de filtro? Hacia una fenomenología algorítmica

<p>El presente trabajo reflexiona sobre las implicancias en la vida social de los sistemas algorítmicos que componen las diferentes plataformas digitales de acceso y participación en la web. El concepto de burbujas de filtro brindado por Pariser (2011) es el punto de partida. El mismo es sometido a una lectura crítica con la intención de explicitar sus aristas más potentes, es decir, aquellas que abren camino a un amplio terreno de investigación sobre nuestra actual ecología mediática y en el que poco han incursionado los discursos académicos hispanoamericanos.</p><p>Desde una mirada crítica se pone en crisis la metáfora de la burbuja y su capacidad heurística para aprehender, en su complejidad, el impacto de los criterios maquínicos de selección en nuestras formas tecnológicas de vida (Lash, 2005). En su lugar, se propone el concepto de fenomenología algorítmica, concluyendo en la necesidad de una relación dialógica y/o metacomunicativa entre los usuarios y los sistemas algorítmicos en relación con los cuales los primeros experiencian el mundo. Finalmente, se exponen los resultados de un experimento empírico acotado en el que se indaga: por un lado, la veracidad de la hipótesis que presenta a Google como plataforma que aísla informativamente a sus usuarios y a DuckDuckGo como un buscador genérico; y, por otra parte, el grado de conocimiento y la disposición a intervenir las opciones de configuración ofrecidas por los buscadores.</p>

Virtual Trauma: Prospects for Automediality

Unlike some current discourse on automediality, this essay eschews most of the analysis concerning the adoption or modification of avatars to deliberately enhance, extend or distort the self. Rather than the automedial enabling of alternative, virtual selves modified by playful, confronting or disarming avatars we concentrate instead on emerging efforts to present the self in hyper-realist, interactive modes...

A Pharmacy Elective Course on Creative Thinking, Innovation, and TED Talks

Objective. To implement and assess an elective course designed to enhance student creative thinking and presentation skills. Design. A two-credit elective course was developed that incorporated creative-thinking exercises, article discussions pertaining to creativity, TED Talk (TED Conferences, New York, NY) analyses, and presentation design and delivery exercises. Assessment. Assessment instruments included pre- and post-course Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT). A scoring rubric was developed and used to evaluate a final mock TED Talk presented to faculty and students. Course evaluations were also used to assess student experiences in the course. Students' TTCT verbal creativity scores increased significantly (p<0.05) during the course and their mock TED Talk mean scores (135±6.4) out of 150 were rated highly. Conclusion. The outcomes from this elective course confirmed that pharmacy students could develop and present an original "idea worth sharing" using the TED Talk format.

Digital Taxonomy: Evaluating and Creating

In a previous column (Skiba, 2013), I introduced the concept of Bloom's Digital Taxonomy and how one can use different technology tools to help students understand and remember concepts. This column offers additional tools that you can use to engage students in the classroom and online. Specifically, I focus on the use of videos to facilitate students' ability to evaluate and create.EVALUATINGAccording to Krathwohl (2002), Evaluation refers to making judgments based on criteria and standards. Mayer (2002) further explains that evaluation included] the cognitive processes of checking (which refers to judgments about internal consistency) and critiquing (which refers to judgments based on external criteria). He goes on to state, Critiquing lies at the core of what has been called critical thinking.Videos can be used to spark discussion, serve as a basis for debate, or inspire the generation of new ideas and hypotheses. Videos on the Internet are abundant, and, indeed, the growth of YouTube videos is astounding. I am a TED junkie and have been using TED videos for many years in my online courses.TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) began in the 1980s as a conference that spreads ideas worth sharing. Speakers were invited to the first TED conferences and given 15 minutes or less to give the talk of their lives. Today TED is a not-for-profit devoted to its catch phrase: Ideas Worth Spreading. The initial TED concept has spread to create a host of conferences: on medicine (www. tedmed.com), global issues (www.ted.com/pages/tedglobal), women (www.ted.com/pages/tedwomen), and youth (www.ted.com/pages/ tedyouth). The great thing about TED talks is that they are available for use through under the Creative Commons license Attribution- NonCommercial-NonDerivative (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which allows noncommercial entities, such as educators, to use them freely and easily.So, let's look at some videos that might be useful to spark conversations or debate on the pros and cons of an idea, technology, or treatment, or lead to the writing of a position paper on a particular topic. One of my favorite speakers is Hans Rosling, a professor of global health at Sweden's Karolinska Institute, whose presentations are both entertaining and challenging. Rosling makes data come alive, statistics no longer boring. His videos can be used to challenge your students to think about data, health disparities, and global health issues. His first video in 2006 caught my attention (www.ted.com/ talks/hans_rosling_on_global_population_growth.html), and I have been following his work since. I particularly like the Magic Washing Machine (www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_and_the_magic_washing_ machine.html) to spark conversation in a class on global issues.The TEDMED (www.tedmed.com) site has a wealth of videos and materials you can use for your courses. Not only are they astonishing, thought provoking, fun, inspiring, imaginative, and controversial, but you can file them by categories such as entertainment, health care, medicine, wellness, community, or design. (See Sidebar for a sample.)What you will also find on the TEDMED site is the Great Challenges Program (www.tedmed.com/greatchallenges), whose mission is not to solve complex problems, but to provide a venue for conversations from a variety of disciplines and perspectives. Here are some of the 20 challenges: The Role of the Patient, Managing Chronic Disease, Caregiver Crisis, Eliminating Childhood Obesity, Faster Adoption of Best Practices, Impact of Poverty on Health Care, and the Future of Personalized Medicine. Within each area, there are numerous questions that can be used to challenge your students. Have them read the responses and begin to participate in conversations that address the challenges facing health care today.And if that were not enough, there is now TedEd (http://ed.ted. com/about), which has ideas for creating lessons using the videos. …

Two physicists share their "ideas worth spreading" at the 2011 TED conference

Two physicists share their "ideas worth spreading" at the 2011 TED conference Two physicists share their "ideas worth spreading" at the 2011 TED conference

TED conference turns academics into media stars

TED conference turns academics into media stars

Ray Kurzweil's slippery futurism

Don't panic if you look for your computer today and can't find it. We have it on the authority of technology maven Ray Kurzweil that this year computers will have vanished because of miniaturization. As he said at the TED conference in February 2005: "By 2010 computers will disappear. They'll be so small, they'll be embedded in our clothing, in our environment. Images will be written directly to our retina, providing full-immersion virtual reality, augmented real reality. We'll be interacting with virtual personalities." If you have a different impression of the world today, Kurzweil would want you to know that he is technically correct. If the rest of the world fails to think that's enough, the rest of the world is wrong.

E-cognocracy and its voting process

e-Cognocracy [J.M. Moreno-Jiménez, J.M. Polasek, e-Democracy and knowledge: a multicriteria framework for the new democratic era, Journal of Multicriteria Decision Analysis 12 (2003) 163–176 [15]; J.M. Moreno-Jiménez, J.M. Polasek, e-Cognocracy and the participation of immigrants in e-governance, TED Conference on e-government 2005. Electronic democracy: The challenge ahead, Schriftenreihe Informatik, vol. 13, University Rudolf Trauner-Verlag, 2005, pp 18–26 [16]; G.E. Kersten, e-Democracy and participatory decision processes: lessons from e-negotiation experiments, Journal Multi-criteria Decision Analysis 12 (2003) 127–143 [13]] is a new democratic system that focuses on the creation and social diffusion of the knowledge gained from the scientific resolution of highly complex problems associated with public decision making. In this scenario, e-voting is not limited to the choice of a given political party, but to the extraction of the relevant knowledge. Even though e-voting systems have been widely studied, some situations are still not covered by the conventional literature, and this makes it necessary to consider certain variations to the main schema. In this paper, we will present one such lacuna (associated with e-cognocracy), and will examine the changes required in conventional e-voting processes and their implications.

Interview

Richard Saul Wurman most recently attracted attention as the creator of Information Architects, a showcase book wherein twenty accomplished information architects present and discuss their graphic representations of information. Mr. Wurman is also the creator/host of the TED Conferences, which gather luminaries to ignite in the convergence of Technology, Entertainment and Design; in February 2000, TED x will be held in Monterey, California. Mr. Wurman also is or has been an architect of buildings, a mapmaker, and a redesigner of many things. For a 13-year period spanning the 60s, he published a series of architecturally oriented books on building comparisons, city analyses and Louis Kahn. In the early 80s Mr. Wurman began producing his highly successful ACCESS Guides to major cities; since then he has published dozens of guides to cities and a variety of topics including medical procedures. In 1987 he founded a company called the Understanding Business which created new formats for a variety of common documents, most notably road atlases and telephone books. In 1990, Mr. Wurman wrote Information Anxiety, an exploration of the problems we experience as a result of the information explosion; the enduring value of that work testifies to its perspicacity.