Technology Transfer Performance Research Articles

The Role of Cultural Factors on Intra-Firm Technology Transfer Performance and Corporate Sustainability: A Conceptual Study

<p>Technological innovations have emerged as crucially significant factor for sustaining market competition and achieving sustainable competitive advantage in the 21st century. The Multinational Corporations (MNCs) as celebrities of innovation play significant role in diffusing technological knowledge throughout firms both nationally and internationally. Although numerous studies exist on technology transfer the majority of existing literature addresses the issues related to inter-firm transfer of technology only while the area related to intra-firm transfer of technology has been largely underexposed; study of which is believed to be ideal for fruitful exploration of profitability in technology transfer projects. By exploring the existing relevant literature, the current study would attempt to posit a new model in regards to the effect of host-country cultural environment on the performance of technology transferred by the MNCs to their subsidiaries in Malaysia and its subsequent impact on the corporate sustainability of the firm. In the present study the relative influence of two cultural environment factors, namely national cultural distance and organizational cultural distance have been addressed and the study is expected to contribute both theoretically in the body of knowledge and also in terms of practical implication for policy makers of the host-country and the involved MNCs and hence enriching the existing intra-firm technology transfer literature simultaneously.</p>

Host-Country Market Environment, Intra-Firm Technology Transfer Performance and Corporate Sustainability: A Conceptual Study

<p>Technological innovations have emerged as crucially significant factor for sustaining market competition and achieving sustainable competitive advantage in the 21st century. The Multinational Corporations (MNCs) as celebrities of innovation play significant role in diffusing technological knowledge throughout firms both nationally and internationally. Although numerous studies exist on technology transfer the majority of existing literature addresses the issues related to inter-firm transfer of technology only while the area related to intra-firm transfer of technology has been largely underexposed; study of which is believed to be ideal for fruitful exploration of profitability in technology transfer projects. By exploring the existing relevant literature, the current study would attempt to posit a new model in regards to the effect of host-country market factors on the performance of technology transferred by the MNCs and its subsequent impact on corporate sustainability. In the present study the relative influence of two market environment factors of the host-country, competitive intensity and market dynamism have been focused on and the study is thereby expected to contribute both theoretically in the body of knowledge and also in terms of practical implication for policy makers and MNCs and hence enriching the existing intra-firm literature simultaneously.</p>

대학의 특허경영전문가 활용에 따른 기술이전성과에 관한 연구

Abstract purpose of this study was to present the future directions for strengthening the TLO(Technology licensing office)s' expertise of universities by examining the impact on utilizing the university management expertsfor patents and technology transfer. To identify the specific effects of dispatching patent management experts, this study was conducted under various conditions, such as the dispatch status, the dispatching duration of patent management experts and the starting year of dispatching them. data were analyzed by utilizing the data of theKIPSI's supporting program of dispatching the patent management expert to universities and the data of UniversityInformation Disclosure site. data from a total of 110 four-year universities from 2008 to 2013 were used. According to the analysis result, the technology transfer's performance and technology transfer's income of universitiesof utilizing the patent management experts compared to universities not utilizing them appeared to be high. Technology transfer and technology transfer income appeared to be higher with a longer period of utilizing the patentmanagement expert at university. This suggests that the direction is required to provide the plan for a longer periodto maximize the effect of the program The dispatching a patent management expert. technology transfer's performance and technology transfer's income did not increase according to the year of dispatched the patent management expert at the university. A comparison of before and after dispatching, the technology transfer performance appeared to be high after dispatch. This suggests that the effects of dispatching the patent management experts at a university can be interpreted as a subsequent effect, rather than an immediate effect. Therefore, it does not simply limit the effectiveness of the dispatch business in the short term, but it needs to activate the technology transfer organization, such as a patent management expert in the long term.

연구수행 주체에 따른 국가R&D 기술이전 성과 영향요인 분석

연구수행 주체에 따른 국가R&D 기술이전 성과 영향요인 분석

Measuring the performance of university technology transfer using meta data approach: the case of Dutch universities

The objective o this study is to empirically measure the performance of Dutch university’s technology transfer. Dutch universities are ranked high on research output but there is scarce evidence about the commercialization of research-based innovation. We present a novel approach to measure the performance of university technology transfer using meta data analysis. We use data on research output as meta-data to estimates the potential for technology transfer, and data about the actual technology transfer projects as measured by patents, license agreements and spin-offs. We tested our model for Dutch universities and validated it using data from private and state universities in the US. Our results suggest that most Dutch research universities have poor performance while technical Dutch universities and academic medical center perform well. We pilot-tested our model for selected US universities and the result confirm the validity of our approach. Our approach contributes to the literature on university technology transfer by adding a novel approach for measuring performance of university technology transfer while taking into account university research as the potential for technology transfer.

Development of a Holistic Tool to Identify Barriers to Success for Technology Transfer Offices

Technology Transfer is an increasingly important element of the missions of Europe’s Public Research Organisations (PROs). However, there remain wide differences in Technology Transfer performance between PROs. Addressing these differences requires a holistic understanding of the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of Technology Transfer from PROs, in order to identify the reasons for such variation. This in turn will allow targeted support for under-performing PROs. This paper uses a proprietary model from the world of business growth, CCODETM, as a foundation to build such a holistic model. Validating the business growth CCODETM model through a literature review, it identifies 28 CSFs for Technology Transfer. The paper also identifies areas requiring further research to validate the applicability of some CSFs not currently examined in the literature.

Toward successful commercialization of university technology: Performance drivers of university technology transfer in Taiwan

Abstract The transfer of university technology 2 to industry involves a multitude of mechanisms which can be broken down into an even larger number of activities. These mechanisms and activities include launching technology-oriented start-ups, and providing the following: collaborative research, contract research, consulting services, technology licensing, graduate education, advanced training for enterprise staff, exchange of research staff, and other forms of formal or informal information transfer. Taking Taiwan's universities as a research base, this study intends to identify the critical drivers affecting the performance of university technology transfer. The Fuzzy Delphi method, interpretive structural modeling (ISM), and the analytic network process (ANP) are employed sequentially to derive the relative importance of the various performance drivers. Human capital and institutional/cultural resources are the two most emphasized resources for the improvement of university technology transfer in Taiwan. Some policy implications are derived on the basis of these results.

Un approccio manageriale al trasferimento tecnologico: un'analisi di benchmarking sui TTO universitari europei

Starting from a literature analysis on the main drivers for technology transfer performance, this paper provides a multiple case analysis on technology transfer offices (TTOs) in European universities, by developing a benchmarking analysis of some successful experiences. The paper proposes a managerial approach for technology transfer offices by analyzing the main variables that have an impact on their performance. The results offer highlights on the business models of technology transfer offices, on their organizational model, on their bundle of competences and on their activities. The suggestion for policy makers and practitioners is to overcome the technology push approach and go ahead, by adopting a real technology - marketing perspective.

Impact of Corporate Culture on the Relationship between Efficient Technology Transfer and Business Performance

This study focuses on the impact of corporate culture on the relationship between efficient technology transfer and a firm’s business performance, emphasizing a firm’s productivity and innovation capacity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) multi-group analysis are used to analyze structured survey data from 223 Japanese manufacturing subsidiaries in Vietnam. The results indicate that efficient technology transfer has a 40 per cent positive effect on a firm’s productivity and a 29 per cent positive effect on its innovation capacity. Corporate culture produces significant differences in the effects of efficient technology transfer on business performance. The higher value the company places on learning, encourages staff to participate in decision making and accepts risk, the higher the success of a firm’s business performance with the efficiently transferred technology.

What affects corporate commercialization of public technology transfer in Korea?

This study investigates the potential factors that might affect the successful corporate commercialization in public technology transfer (PTT), i.e. technology transfer from non-profit public research institutions and universities (PRI&U) to private companies. The empirical analyses are done with the help of unique data sets prepared by the Korean government agency. The important explanatory factors relate to PRI&U researcher's additional support after the technology transfer, the potential absorptive capacity of the company, and the company's previous R&D partnership experience with the same PRI&U. PRI&U's technology transfer performance and involvement of a technology transfer intermediary, however, do not enhance the propensity of transferred technologies’ commercialization success. In conclusion, we draw some policy implications regarding PTT practices in Korea.

한국기업의 해외자회사에 대한 국제기술이전 성과의 결정요인: 통합적 접근방법*

한국기업의 해외자회사에 대한 국제기술이전 성과의 결정요인: 통합적 접근방법*

Factors that Influence the Dissemination of Knowledge in Technology Transfer among Malaysian Manufacturing Employees

The meaning of technology transfer is so wide but mostly involving some form of technology-related exchange. However, in this particular paper, technology transfer is consider as a concept to examine the process of disseminating knowledge and skills that a person owned to another person in order to generate higher productivity with new approach of producing a particular product or service. Although, many researchers have explored the evolution of technology transfer, nonetheless some drivers are yet to be explored in a Malaysian manufacturing industry. This study, therefore attempts to determine the relationship between absorptive capacity, transfer capacity, communication motivation and learning intent and technology transfer performance. A survey methodology was used in a Japanese multinational company based in Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 117 questionnaires were received. Results show that absorptive capacity is the most significant to influence technology transfer performance. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE Key words: Technology transfer, absorptive capacity, Malaysia. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE

Survey of Cross-Cultural Technology Transfer Research

This study aims at reviewing the technology/knowledge transfer literature and identifying which research areas on cross-cultural technology transfer field which should explore to obtain the new insights. With it in mind, the intersection of research fields concerning cross-cultural technology/knowledge transfer, the national culture difference and the extended literature of hybridization in the broad field of cross-cultural management is focused.As a result, this study identifies the five research areas meriting the further research on cross-cultural technology transfer: (1) the impact of cultural differences on technology transfer; (2) management practice factors for achieving efficient technology transfer; (3) the evaluation of current management practices at Japanese manufacturing subsidiaries; (4) the relationship between efficient technology transfer and business performance; and (5) research approach in cross-cultural technology transfer, such as research methodology, viewpoint and theoretical foundation. Accordingly, this study suggests the dimensions for further qualitative and quantitative investigations and the integration of fundamental theories-Hofstede’s national culture, Adler’s hybridization perspective, Abo’s management practice framework and organizational learning view-to underpin the investigating models. Consequently, this study draws the significant ways to answer the prevailing problem of how to implement cross-cultural technology transfer efficiently for achieving the successful business performance.

Technology Transfer Performance and Competitive Advantage: Evidence from Yemen

Most developing countries are relying more on technology transfer (TT) in different industries. Gaining the optimum benefits from implementing the TT process is the current issue in these countries. Based on the resource-based view (RBV) and knowledge-based view (KBV) perspectives, this paper aims to examine the relationship between technology transfer performance and competitive advantage. Using the quantitative research approach, the theoretical model and hypothesized relationships among the variables were tested based on empirical data collected from 514 managers and engineers selected randomly from nine oil and gas companies in Yemen. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for the purpose of analyzing the collected data. The study provides empirical evidence on the relationship between TT performance and competitive advantage, and it confirmed that TT performance is a strong predictor of competitive advantage. In addition, a set of practical implications is provided as well for the Government of Yemen, policy makers and managers especially those who are operating in the oil and gas industry in Yemen.

Relationship between Social Capital and Technology Transfer Performance: A Study on Companies in Technology Park

Tacit knowledge and personal experience of an individual can only be obtained in a tacit manner. Social capital is a prominent concept that provides a foundation to describe and characterize the properties. Therefore social interaction is very important to facilitate technological knowledge transfer among the units within an organisation. This paper aims to contribute to the existing knowledge in the field of technology transfer by exploring the concept of social capital. It discusses the technology transfer performance and focuses on the important firm-specific asset, which is social capital. By using the data from a survey on industrial firms in one of the technology parks in Malaysia, this paper provides an investigation on the relationship between social capital and technology transfer performance, within the technology park incubating company setting. It was found that social capital has significant relationships with the performance of technology transfer.

Technology Transfer From Biomedical Research to Clinical Practice

Studies documented 17 years of transfer time from clinical trials to practice of care. Launched in 2002, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) translational research initiative needs to develop metrics for impact assessment. A recent White House report highlighted that research and development productivity is declining as a result of increased research spending while the new drugs output is flat. The goal of this study was to develop an expanded model of research-based innovation and performance thresholds of transfer from research to practice. Models for transfer of research to practice have been collected and reviewed. Subsequently, innovation pathways have been specified based on common characteristics. An integrated, intellectual property transfer model is described. The central but often disregarded role of research innovation disclosure is highlighted. Measures of research transfer and milestones of progress have been identified based on the Association of University Technology Managers 2012 performance reports. Numeric milestones of technology transfer are recommended at threshold (top 50%), target (top 25%), and stretch goal (top 10%) performance levels. Transfer measures and corresponding target levels include research spending to disclosure (<$1.88 million), disclosure to patents (>0.81), patents to start-up (>0.1), patents to licenses (>2.25), and average per license income (>$48,000). Several limitations of measurement are described. Academic institutions should take strategic steps to bring innovation to the center of scholarly discussions. Research on research, particularly on pathways to disclosures, is needed to improve R&D productivity. Researchers should be informed about the technology transfer performance of their institution and regulations should better support innovators.

Corporate culture and the adverse impact of cultural differences on technology transfer

This study aims to determine the mechanism through which corporate culture produces potential advantages by efficiently minimising the impact of cultural differences on technology transfer performance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modelling (SEM) multigroup analysis are used to analyse structured survey data from 223 Japanese manufacturing subsidiaries in Vietnam. The results indicate that when a company places greater value on learning, encouraging staff to participate in the decision-making process, transmitting accurate and timely internal and external information about business operations, accepting risk, promoting cooperation, and readily offering help, it achieves efficient technology transfer with reduced negative impact from cultural differences during the implementation process. These findings could offer insights to address the intracultural, intercultural, and transcultural innovation management practice issues faced by local and international executives.

Does the Hybridizing of Intercultural Potential Facilitate Efficient Technology Transfer? An Empirical Study on Japanese Manufacturing Subsidiaries in Vietnam

This study investigates the management similarities, management compatibilities, and practical approaches synergizing the intercultural potential to facilitate efficient technology transfer. It utilizes Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, with Abo’s theoretical management system and Adler’s intercultural synergy framework, to conduct qualitative data collection through in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observations on at 13 Japanese manufacturing subsidiaries in Vietnam. The study finds that five essential factors occurring in technology transfer?frequent interaction, training, team-based work, quality practice, and managerial commitment?can properly integrate the similarities and complementary potential of Vietnamese and Japanese management practice. This study proposes a working framework focusing on directions of determining each culture’s combinable management perspectives, ways of synergizing them, and the possibilities for intercultural synergies to promote technology transfer performance in culturally different contexts. It is suggested that hybrid managerial practices represent not only convergent management styles but also intellectual strategies for exploiting home and host advantages in efficient technology transfer, thus creating the critical foundation of an organizational culture.

Technology transfer model for Austrian higher education institutions

The aim of this paper is to present the findings of a PhD research (Heinzl 2007, Unpublished PhD Thesis) conducted on the Universities of Applied Sciences in Austria. Four of the models that emerge from this research are: Generic Technology Transfer Model (Sect. 5.1); Idiosyncrasies Model for the Austrian Universities of Applied Sciences (Sect. 5.2); Idiosyncrasies-Technology Transfer Effects Model (Sect. 5.3); Idiosyncrasies-Technology Transfer Cumulated Effects Model (Sect. 5.3). The primary and secondary research methods employed for this study are: literature survey, focus groups, participant observation, and interviews. The findings of the research contribute to a conceptual design of a technology transfer system which aims to enhance the higher education institutions’ technology transfer performance.

The role of intellectual capital and university technology transfer offices in university-based technology transfer

This study develops a theoretical model to explain the relationships among intellectual capital, research outcomes, and technology transfer (TT) performance, investigating the role of university TT offices (UTTOs) in the innovation process. The authors examined these relationships by sampling 49 Taiwanese universities within a 2-year period. It is concluded that universities with specialized UTTOs indeed promote TT performance (TTP) based on university–industry cooperation. Furthermore, the results indicate that human capital is positively associated with research outcomes and relational capital. The greater the amount of relational capital, which represents the degree of university–industry cooperation, the more significant is the positive effect on research outcomes and TTP. The more research outcomes are produced, the more academic research and patent technology will be transferred to industry.