Technology Push Research Articles

Bring the World to the Child: Technologies of Global Citizenship in American Education by Katie Day Good

Reviewed by: Bring the World to the Child: Technologies of Global Citizenship in American Education by Katie Day Good Timothy Kelly Bring the World to the Child: Technologies of Global Citizenship in American Education. By Katie Day Good. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2020. xii + 279 pp. The COVID-19 pandemic both highlighted and amplified the role that technology plays in today's K–12 education and opened widespread debate about its efficacy, equity, and appropriateness. Katie Day Good suggests that we might reasonably be concerned with other questions as well, such as toward what ideological purpose these technologies might be aimed. She does so by exploring another push for greater integration of technology in the classroom that occurred a century earlier. Good sees this early to mid-twentieth-century movement to expand the use of technology in schools as coming from two sources. The first was a pedagogical reform initiative that urged teachers to expand beyond rote and textbook-based learning in favor of a rich immersion in imagery and sound that would allow students to use more of their senses to learn. The second was a growing conviction that Americans should become citizens of the world rather than see themselves as set apart from it. Good suggests that these two movements [End Page 327] converged "amidst rising social concerns about intercultural contact, mass media, and global war" (3). Advocates for implementing these technologies stressed their abilities to open the world to students, to allow them to see the foreign and exotic from the safety of the classroom, and to generate support for efforts by the United States to reshape that world to be more hospitable to American values. Good argues that "these media were more than mere AV aids; they were powerful 'devices' for efficiently preparing children to understand and uphold the dominant social values of native-born European Americans within an increasingly diverse United States, and ensure a dominant role for the nation in a changing international order" (27). The new technologies encompassed a wide range of media and included such innovations in sensory stimulation as stereoscopes, lantern slides, movies, and radio. Each of these allowed teachers to bring the world to their classrooms, to provide rich information about other places, cultures, and societies for students who might never leave their home counties. Educators and the for-profit producers of most of these technologies promoted them as sensorily powerful and safe ways to expose students to knowledge that they would otherwise have to travel to learn. The technologies would make students more cosmopolitan in their outlooks at a time when the United States had begun to expand its role in shaping the world. This greater international responsibility required that Americans shed their parochial outlooks. It also depended on students maintaining a high degree of surety that the world ought to conform to American ideals and interests. It demanded a sophisticated world view and a deeply felt patriotism. Even as progressive educators championed new technologies for their abilities to offer students a wider sensory experience, teachers often saw the virtues of some less cutting-edge "technologies." They favored maps for instance, bulletin boards, and pageants that celebrated America's embrace of ethnic diversity. Teachers could master these readily and they stimulated student learning. Schools could afford them. Good offers rich evidence revealing the goals that technology developers and promoters advanced for their products, as well as of the discourse that took place in educators' professional associations. We learn much about what interested adults intended these technologies to accomplish—or worried that they might do. Less clear is how students actually experienced the technologies. The sources for this are far more elusive and so we do not get a clear sense of whether students imbibed the lessons as the curriculum designers intended. In the midst of this early twentieth-century technology push, the world suffered a pandemic that killed far more people worldwide than COVID-19 [End Page 328] will likely claim. Given the powerful role that we saw the COVID-19 pandemic play in shaping technology advancements in K–12 education in recent years, it might be useful to consider the impact that the 1918 influenza outbreak played in this...

Demand-pull, technology-push, and the direction of technological change

This paper studies the impact of Demand-pull (DP) and Technology-push (TP) on growth, innovation, and the factor bias of technological change in a two-layer network of input–output (market) and patent citation (innovation) links among 307 6-digit US manufacturing industries in 1977–2012. Two types of TP and DP are distinguished: (1) DP and TP are between-layer spillovers when market demand shocks pull innovation and innovation pushes market growth. (2) Within-layer DP arises if downstream users trigger upstream innovation and growth, while TP effects spill over from up- to downstream industries. The results support between- and within-layer TP: Innovation spillovers from upstream industries drive market growth and innovation. Within the market, upstream supply shocks stimulate growth, but this effect differs across industries. DP is not supported but shows a factor bias favoring labor, while TP comes with a shift towards non-production work. The results are strongest after the 2000s and shed light on the drivers of recent technological change and its factor bias.

The AI Digital Revolution in Innovation: A Conceptual Framework of Artificial Intelligence Technologies for the Management of Innovation

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an emerging technological field with immense transformative potential. Within this context, we discuss the diverse ways AI is transforming innovation. We introduce a conceptual framework in which we argue AI plays the following two roles: originator and facilitator of innovation. Additionally, we discuss different applications and implications for innovation theory and practice using a reflection on the traditional innovation process and the front end of innovation perspective. For this, we use the perspectives of AI as technology push, AI as market pull, AI to advance steps in the innovation funnel as well as AI as a contributor to new product development. Finally, we discuss future directions for research in these fields.

Re-Thinking Industry 4.0 Effect on Competitive Forces: Empirical Study on Innovation

Sustaining a competitive position on the market has become crucial in order to survive in the dynamic environment under the influence of Industry 4.0. Industrial and service sectors have been affected by new technologies, such as automation, robotization, VR, AR or Big data, and their strategies towards future innovation and focus need to be reevaluated. This requires a revision of theoretical models that assess the external environment and following opportunities and threats. Our original study of 573 Slovak companies presents an analysis of Porter’s five competitive forces in the context of innovation activities and perceived impact of Industry 4.0 on companies. The research results provide a deep insight on the relevance of company size, maturity or sector to the different perspectives of the P5F model, as well as make clear the impact of each force on company measures and activities conducted in recent years. Our findings point to the strong technology push and main focus on product innovation, while reveal a paradigm shift in perceiving the power of suppliers. Results of our study lead to practical implications and enrich the theory on the relevance of strategic analysis in current era.

Identifying Problems and Unmet Clinical Needs: Who to Talk to and Where to Look

Revenue from the sale of new products fuels the growth of many companies. It often plays a key role in a company’s strategic plan and justifies significant spending on research and development. To meet their goals for growth resulting from new product sales, medical device companies need to identify new market opportunities, evaluate and predict the associated potential returns on investment, and select the opportunities with the best potential for success. Although some opportunities result from finding applications for new technologies (technology push), many opportunities are based on products that meet unmet clinical needs (market pull). For these reasons, innovative companies are constantly trying to identify unmet clinical needs that can lead to new commercializable medical products.

How to facilitate technology push innovation strategy in a university context – towards an action-based startup experience

The one-semester master's seminar "Startup Experience" enables student entrepreneurs to explore potential applications based on existing and patented university technologies. On this premise, they develop their own technology-based venture while following a specific course structure that includes action-oriented learning sessions, regular mentoring sessions with representatives from the startup scene, reflective diaries after each session, and ongoing interactions with various stakeholders in the field of the respective application. This paper will present the conceptual development, practical execution and evaluation of the seminar.

Safety, security and privacy in future airport terminals: a system theory perspective

Through digitalization passengers are already being processed with biometrics and facial recognition in airport terminals around the world. On a further step, digitalization could even eliminate physical barriers between domestic and international passengers. In an uniform terminal area, this technological push leads, however, to major concerns in terms of safety, security, and privacy. We thus propose an analysis of these issues in future airport terminals from a systems theory perspective. We have identified for instance in an interaction between user, controller, and automated processing system, more than 250 ways these interactions could potentially be hazardous and more than 100 common related disruptive causing scenarios. Our results provide requirement and constraint basis for the implementation of such new airport terminal operation concepts.

Digital Transformation in Food Supply Chains in Central and Eastern Europe

The phenomena of technology and digitalization have developed rapidly most recently, leaving traces in all branches of industry. With the prevalence of Industry 4.0 and with digitalization being on the rise, companies have expanded more and more successfully. Thus, in addition to global supply chains, their own supply chains have also started to develop considerably. The aim of our research is to discover the factors characterizing the digital transformation of companies in the Central and Eastern European region. This article assesses the conditions, key drivers, and barriers of digital transformation and the benefits expected by companies operating in the agricultural and food supply chains. The research is based on a questionnaire survey of over hundred companies. From the answers, models were created to each group of questions by using factor analysis. The results show that the most important motivating factors are quality improvement, market pull, and technological push impacts. The barriers identified are largely consistent with those reported in the contemporary literature. Companies expect benefits mostly from “sales and customer relations”, followed by “logistics and marketing”, and “production and sourcing”.

A survey of the mutual effects of mobile phone usage on the citizenship culture in developing countries

Information and Communication Technologies have made great changes to the lifestyle of human beings. Mobile phones, with their rapid growth in different parts of the world, essential parts of our lives. Mobile phone has helped to overcome location barriers and have had great impacts on the people’s lives, especially in urban areas. In developing countries, mobile phone has grown rapidly in the recent decade and has had great impacts on communications and other aspects of social life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the mobile phone technology push on the culture of citizens, in developing countries. Running a survey-type research, a sample of people in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, have been asked to fill a questionnaire; then, after gathering and cleansing and analysing the data, some recommendations are added that could be used in urban policy making in the various developing countries

МОДЕЛІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The models of the innovation process are analyzed, which are purely structural and are characterized by a significant simplification of ideas about the innovation process, ignoring information and management flows, disruption of some dynamic relationships and sequences of functions. However, such simplified models make it possible to apply the principles of process management methodology and identify “bottlenecks” of the innovation process: cost centers, duplication of functions, as well as the absence or incompleteness of information. The first model of the innovation process “technological push” — is described as a linear sequence of cyclically repeating stages. In the second model of the innovation process — “market challenge” — the market is a source of innovative ideas and forms an order for innovative development, which is transferred either to the corporate research center of the company that conducted marketing research, or external research structure — university, laboratory, etc. The third model of the innovation process is to identify logically consistent, functionally separate, but interacting and interdependent stages. This model is a combination of the first and second with an emphasis on the relationship of technological capabilities and capabilities with market needs and is implemented at the meso-level. The fourth model of the innovation process is the Japanese model of best practices, which focuses on the parallel activities of integrated groups, external horizontal and vertical links. The choice of the basic model of innovation is largely due to historically established institutional systems. Because of the conducted research, the process of creation of the Center of transfer of technologies for commercialization of results of the scientific researches and developments received with use of means of the state budget and functions, which it will carry out, is offered. Public-private partnership programs in industrialized countries are analyzed, which stimulate close contacts between the scientific and industrial sectors of the economy and focus public research on industrial innovation. We also proposed the concept of iterative marketing — which is repeated throughout the innovation cycle of a set of specific activities, the result of which is the active formation of the product or service and future markets for its consumption.

5G Multi-RAT URLLC and eMBB Dynamic Task Offloading With MEC Resource Allocation Using Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning

In this article, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) control scheme is proposed to satisfy the strict Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements of ultrareliability low-latency communication (URLLC) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) using 5G multiple radio access technology (RAT)-based partial offloading and multiaccess edge-computing (MEC) resource allocation. In the proposed scheme, the user equipment (UE) makes optimal offloading decisions while the MEC server dynamically adjusts the server resources based on offloading requests from multiple UEs using DRL technology. The aim of the proposed scheme is to minimize the energy consumption of the UEs while maximizing the system utility (SU) performance, which is composed of the spectral efficiency (SE) and offloading success rate (OSR) of the MEC server. In addition, multiagent distributed learning technology and best experience push (BEP) techniques are used to enhance the learning efficiency of the DRL framework. The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme provides an improved SU and energy consumption performance compared to the benchmark offloading schemes.

Heterogeneous knowledge spillover channels in universities and green technology innovation in local firms: Stimulating quantity or quality?

Sluggish status of green technology development has stimulated research into new incentives and pathways. Beyond the traditional regulatory-push and demand-pull approaches, we reposition the strength of the technology push. Based on the innovation diffusion theory, a multidimensional path model of knowledge spillover in universities is constructed, and the impact of heterogeneous knowledge spillover channels on green innovation activities of local firms is discussed. We find that R&D collaboration has a significant effect on local firms' quality but not the quantity of green innovation. Contrarily, patent citations and technology transfer have unequal positive effects on the quantity of green innovation of local firms, while there is no evidence that they can also improve the quality of green innovation. Despite regional disparities, strict environmental regulations are pushing companies to cite university patents in some regions. The university knowledge stock has largely contributed to both quantitative and qualitative advances in subsequent green innovation in local firms. Our conclusions provide a precise and objective evaluation of the impact mechanism of multiple knowledge spillover channels in universities on firms' green innovation, as well as a reference for the selection of the form of industry–university–research collaboration.

Tracing the emergence of new technology: A comparative analysis of five technological domains

The emergence of new technologies is an important and highly researched field. This paper identifies characteristics of the early stage of technology emergence by analyzing the initial patents in five different technologies (Optical information storage, optical information transmission, genome sequencing, 3D printing and magnetic resonance imaging). From the science and technology push perspective, the characteristics such as influence of initial technological knowledge, linkage to scientific knowledge, and actors of technological activity are identified in the emerging stage of the new technology. The main findings of the research are firstly that technological and scientific knowledge are strongly linked in the emerging stage as the initial patents in all five technologies cite scientific papers more highly than do patents that support the ongoing development of the technologies. Second, the initial patents during the emerging stage do not play a significant role in the overall technological knowledge flow over time. Finally, the proportion of patents held by non-firm entities in the early stage of technology emergence is relatively larger than that in the other stages in four out of five technological domains. The results provide some important hypotheses about the interaction of scientific results and technological invention that have not previously been offered and that can be further researched as data sources improve.

Designing an Accounting Information Management System Using Big Data and Cloud Technology

With the rapid development of science and technology pushing people into the information age, the appearance of information technology is a major change for the accounting industry, which will redefine the traditional accounting profession. The new management techniques and concepts also gradually change the traditional accounting working mode by promoting the development of accounting professionals from traditional accounting to accounting information. In recent years, cybercrime and attacking information system vulnerability have occurred frequently. This study utilizes the model and technology in the design of an accounting information management system by simply explaining the idea of cloud technology and examining its logical structure of cloud technology. After that, it designs the cloud platform architecture of the accounting information management system (AIMS) by building the SaaS model. It defines the distributed storage mode of the cloud platform and tests the cluster performance of the system after completing the system design and construction to judge the application effect of the system. Finally, the system operation time, local rows of data, and load balancing are tested experimentally. These results demonstrate that the response relationships of distinct tasks are modified higher than TeraSort, TeraSort higher than Inquiry, and response time is proportional to the amount of Reduce slots when input tasks are the same. The analysis shows that the large data cloud platform used in this paper has high operational efficiency, acceleration rate, and task execution rate.

Geomechanics impact due to in-situ and induced stresses during drilling of horizontal and highly deviated coal bed methane wells

Hydrocarbon exploration is the arduous task. Urgency of hydrocarbon and avengement of technology push operators to recover the unexplored unconventional hydrocarbon like coal bed methane (CBM) which has been discontinued. Limitations such as misunderstanding of geomechanical stress, formation behaviours- abrasiveness, mud properties etc; impaired the drilling performance and leads to well failure. Therefore, wellbore stability due to geomechanical stresses is considered as one of the major stages in well planning and required extensive study. The dominant elements of fascinating the CBM extraction are cost and the currently available technology and poor understanding of reservoir as compare to conventional reservoir. CBM wells fails due to exceeding the limit of tensile and shear strength which includes wellbore collapse, pipe sticking, caving, loss circulation and leads to ruin the operator’s money and time. The stress regimes in induced, in-situ stresses are natural and cannot be change; however study of these stresses and implementation of findings are essential to implement while planning the well and monitoring stresses behaviour during drilling of highly deviate or horizontal wells are key element to successfully develop the coal bed methane reservoir. Effect of geomechanical stresses are experienced while drilling horizontal and highly deviated wells. By considering the effects of in-situ and induced stresses; suitable operational window can be design to reduce the CBM wellbore failure. The present work analyse the geomechanical in-situ and induced stresses which are contributing towards instability of wellbore along with matrix shrinkage effect, outcome of this study can be utilized for the efficient planning of failure-free wellbore operating envelopes for CBM wells.

Emerging technologies and the use case: A multi‐year study of drone adoption

AbstractAlthough disruptive “Industry 4.0” technologies often lack a clear business case, vendors are advocating and companies are actively exploring their use in operations settings. The technology management literature suggests that successful adoption derives from an appropriate fit between the specific technology and (1) economic and strategic factors, (2) operational and supply chain factors, and (3) organizational and behavioral factors. Through a five‐year research project, we explore how drones—an archetypal emerging technology supported by a thriving vendor ecosystem—transitioned from early ideas to experimental applications to full adoption in daily operations. We analyze a range of data, including exploratory interviews with drone ecosystem actors, a secondary dataset, and case studies of drone applications in Geberit and IKEA. Key findings relate to our observation that technology adoption patterns for emerging technologies do not always follow the traditional linear logic of technology fit. We find that emerging technologies are characterized by a dynamic interaction between technology push from a thriving ecosystem and market pull from companies exploring meaningful operational and business value using the concept of “use case.” Based on these findings, we contribute to the technology management literature with an alternative technology adoption framework for emerging “Industry 4.0” technologies.

Impacts of green public procurement on eco-innovation: evidence from EU countries

Enhancing eco-innovation is essential to simultaneously achieving goals of environmental protection and economic development. Besides technological push and market demands, the drivers and determinants of eco-innovation could also be institutional and regulatory factors. While scholars have been examining the effects of environmental regulations on eco-innovation, there is still a lack of research on the effects of economic incentives created by environmental policies. In response, this article investigates the impacts of green public procurement (GPP) on eco-innovation by examining contract award notices from 28 European countries during 2010–2018. The article extracts green contract ratio and applies static and dynamic panel data analyses to estimate its effects on eco-innovation index. The results show that use of green award criteria in public procurement can improve eco-innovation performance, albeit with a decreasing margin. This study concludes that appropriately designed GPP, by providing incentives of compliance, can effectively drive environmental innovations.

TRANSITION TO MARKETING 3.0 IN THE PARADIGM OF THE NEW INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that marketing 3.0, which is currently being developed, in the era of values, and already focused on the whole society and ecosystem, is characterized by the fact that there is no longer a struggle between the producer and the consumer - convergence is taking place. The combination of market pull and technology push forms marketing 3.0 in the age of the industrial revolution. A special place is occupied by customization, when a product is created for a specific person. In this regard, in this study, the author describes how important marketing 3.0 is in the paradigm of the new industrial revolution and what new marketing tools exist. The article presents global trends in marketing technologies 3.0, reflects new features and the future of modern marketing. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that it will allow companies to create a unique offer for the client, so that it is valuable and allows the company to be competitive. We are entering an era of challenges that are associated with disruptive technologies that change business models, with various man-made disasters, and cybersecurity. In this regard, marketing 3.0, as a damper between consumer and producer, is able to wrap drivers into windows of opportunity.

Exploring physical education teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards digital technology in outdoor education

ABSTRACT In the Swedish educational system, there has been a recent push for digital technology in different school subjects. This paper investigates what regulates Swedish physical education teachers’ perceptions of digital technology in outdoor education. The results is reflected in a number of rules that govern Swedish physical education teachers’ perceptions and use of digital technology in outdoor education. Findings suggest that teachers’ views on the relevance of digital technology in outdoor education depends partly on curriculum formulations, but of significant importance are also other factors such as: the addressed knowledge area, grade level, choice of digital device, needs of students, and teachers’ ideological beliefs. These rules are discussed in relation to the construction of outdoor education as knowledge area within physical education and in relation to the ways in which Swedish physical education teachers relate to curriculum changes.

Technological drivers of seaports' business model innovation: An exploratory case study on the port of Barcelona

The role of seaports has evolved from being simple sea/land interfaces to becoming increasingly value-adding entities in global supply chains. A port that is today at the forefront of this trend is characterized as a fifth generation (5G) port, a “smart port” or, more recently, a Port 4.0. These characterisations, introduced by Maritime Studies literature, are closely equivalent to the business model concept developed by the Strategic Management literature in the last decades. This research paper inquires on the influence that Industry 4.0 technologies might have on the adoption of more sophisticated business models by seaports, and the mechanisms through which this influence is driven: in particular the role that technology push and market pull mechanisms might play. To this end, it develops a conceptual model that aims to provide an explanation of the relationship between the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies and the evolution of seaports' business models. This model is then evaluated against an exploratory case study on the port of Barcelona. Finally, the paper explores what would “smartness” mean in a seaport context.