Technological Linkages Research Articles

Organizational support, market access, and farmers' adoption of agricultural green production technology: evidence from the main kiwifruit production areas in Shaanxi Province.

Industrial organizations play a crucial role in transforming the production and management practices of smallholder farmers, encouraging the adoption of environmentally friendly production methods. However, limited studies have conducted comprehensive research examining how these industrial organizations effectively encourage farmers to adopt green production technologies. To address this research gap, this study examines the influence of organizational support on the adoption of agricultural green production technologies among 645 kiwifruit farmers in Shaanxi Province, northwestern China, using cross-sectional survey data from 2022. In addition, this research explores the mechanisms and heterogeneity in this impact. In our analysis, we estimated Probit models and mediation effect models, which show a positive influence of organizational support on farmers' adoption of these technologies. Notably, both institutional support and tool support have a more pronounced positive effect on this adoption. The mechanism analysis shows that organizational support facilitates farmers' adoption of these agricultural green production technologies by expanding their access to high-value markets. Furthermore, when considering heterogeneity among farmers, the study finds that organizational support has the most significant impact on the adoption of these technologies among farmers operating at a moderate scale. Moreover, our research highlights a technology linkage effect in the adoption process. Specifically, organizational support has a positive and significant effect on the adoption of technologies like bagging, physical control, and soil testing formulas, while also having a positive but statistically insignificant impact on technologies such as pollution-free pesticides and organic fertilizer substitution. In conclusion, the study proposes to increase assistance to industrial organizations, to play an influential role in guiding and driving farmers.

Analysis of Trade and Technology Linkages through Value-Added Content in India’s Exports to SASEC Countries

Analysis of Trade and Technology Linkages through Value-Added Content in India’s Exports to SASEC Countries

How to reach new technological specialisation: The role of related technological capabilities and complementary technological linkages

Technological specialisation is critical for regional development. One region can specialise in new technologies at a lower cost and faster speed by relating to specialised local technologies. Therefore, combined with the theory of path branching, we propose the research hypotheses that related technological capabilities and complementary technological linkages play important roles in the new technological specialisation. Moreover, we perform empirical analysis and test our hypotheses using patent text data on listed firms in China from 2000 to 2020. The results show that the impact of related technological capabilities on new technological specialisation is significantly positive. There is an optimal number of interregional technological linkages that promote new technological specialisation. Too many or too few are detrimental to the specialisation of new technologies. These results remain robust. Further investigation reveals that related technological capabilities and complementary technological linkages can work together to push for new technological specialisation throughout the sample period. However, this is weak in the short term or even insignificant in the central and western regions of China. These findings provide new insights and policy implications for emerging markets regarding reaching new technological specialisation by strengthening regional technological capabilities and collaboration.

The Evolution of Interindustry Technology Linkage Topics and Its Analysis Framework in Three-Dimensional Printing Technology

The Evolution of Interindustry Technology Linkage Topics and Its Analysis Framework in Three-Dimensional Printing Technology

Identifying influential countries in air pollution control technologies: A social network analysis approach

Clarifying the spatial correlation network of country–level air pollution control technology (APCT) is essential for transregional collaborative emission reduction in global warming. Previous research mainly focused on identifying the network structures of green technology linkages in a single country or region. In reality, cross–border technological cooperation has become a strategy for countries to achieve technological breakthroughs, and non–adjacent countries can be interconnected. Based on 217,392 patents, this study uses the Social Network Analysis method and Quadratic Assignment Procedure to discuss the spatio-temporal evolution and influence mechanisms of 57 countries’ APCT spatial correlation network from 1990 to 2020. The results indicate the following: (1) The network density in APCT decreased from 0.428 to 0.355 between 1990 and 2020, and the overall network presents prominent core–periphery structural features. The developing countries accounted for 44.44% of the core area countries. (2) The United States and Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, China, and Japan are at the center of the Americas, Europe, and Asia. (3) Narrowing the gap in greenhouse gas emissions in manufacturing industries and construction contributes to forming potential routes of multinational cooperation; however, the role of geographical distance becomes insignificant (0.282). Lastly, a multicenter knowledge flow network should facilitate global knowledge transfer, absorption, and sharing.

How do complementary technological linkages affect carbon emissions efficiency?

Complementary technological linkages provide access to the external technology at lower cost and compensate for weak or absent local technological capabilities, which has an important role in improving carbon emissions efficiency. This study examines this issue in the industrial sector in China. First, input–output data are reconstructed, and the industrial carbon emissions efficiency of each province in China is calculated using the super-SBM DEA method. Second, we examine patent text data to measure complementary technological linkages, applying the principle of co-occurrence. We also calculate regional technological capabilities, which are further divided into related and unrelated technological diversification. Third, we apply a benchmark model combined with moderating effect tests. The results reveal an inverted U-shaped impact of complementary technological linkages on industrial carbon emissions efficiency, while the impact of the number of interregional linkages is U-shaped. The interactive term of regional technological capabilities and complementary technological linkages have a positive effect on industrial carbon emissions efficiency, while the interactive effect of related technological diversification and complementary technological linkages on industrial carbon emissions efficiency is positive and larger than that of unrelated technological diversification. The moderating effect tests indicate that in comparison to low-income regions, the interactive term of regional technological capabilities and complementary technological linkages in high-income regions has a negative influence on industrial carbon emissions efficiency. Furthermore, unrelated technological diversification matches better with complementary technological linkages in promoting industrial carbon emissions efficiency in high-income regions than related technological diversification. The results of this study can help regional policymakers to choose different innovative strategies to achieve the green transition.

Dynamic trade and technology linkages: a perspective from global value chain upgradation of Asian countries

PurposeThe focus is on determining the long-term relationship in explaining how technological capabilities interact with trade and global value chain (GVC) participation to aid in the upgradation process using a panel auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The results suggest that export of both low-skill and medium-skill technology-intensive manufactures and patents by residents positively and significantly impact GVC participation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines the dynamic linkages between GVC participation and technological capability of major Asian countries in a comparative (1995–2018) perspective.FindingsThis implies that certain sectors enable greater integration into GVCs in the long-run, supported by critical learning variables. Further, with the help of the panel causality test, a bi-directional flow between GVC participation and export of high-technology manufactures and import of labour-intensive technology manufactures is witnessed. Even a one-way flow from research and development (R&D) intensity to GVC participation is seen.Originality/valueThe technological capabilities are found to be characterising the initial structure of local enterprises in trade and GVCs, as well as the extent to which emerging-market firms may harness knowledge flows and migrate into high-tech industries.

MODERATING ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LINK AND INFORMATION SHARING IN DRIVING SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE THROUGH SUPPLIER DEVELOPMENT AND KNOWLEDGE ABSORPTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MANUFACTURING FIRMS ACROSS COUNTRIES

Along with information technology adoption, supply chain coordination through information sharing activities has become essential to achieve supply chain effectiveness and resilience. This paper presents the results of an empirical study investigating the moderating roles of information technology link and information sharing on the relationship between supplier development, knowledge absorption from customers, and supply chain performance. Statistical techniques such as measurement test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis are applied to analyze the data collected during the Round 4 of the High Performance Manufacturing (HPM) Project. The data sample includes 304 manufacturing plants operating in 13 countries including Brazil, China, Finland, German, Italy, Israel, Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Kingdom, and Vietnam. Analytical results indicate that a supply chain would perform better when focal firms invest their effort in supplier development and knowledge absorption activities and develop a strong link with suppliers and customers through information technology systems. Information technology links with suppliers and customers have significant moderating roles in strengthening the relationship between supplier development, knowledge absorption from customers, and supply chain performance. Moreover, information sharing exchange with suppliers were found to make the association between supplier development and supply chain performance becomes more pronounced. The empirical results contribute to the existing literature of information sharing and supply chain coordination in supply chain management. In addition, this study provides several practical implications, such that information technology linkage and information sharing activities should be considered as the platforms for organizations to interact with different supply chain partners for achieving high supply chain performance.

Evaluating the determinative factors driving patents and foreign technologies acquisitions in Visegrád countries

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically examine the factors driving the acquisition of patents and foreign technologies in 2,198 firms spanning multiple industries in Visegrád countries.Design/methodology/approachTo fulfil the research objectives, the authors used the binary logistic regression models for the empirical specifications to analyse the various hypotheses to ascertain the factors contributing to patents, foreign technologies and international quality certificate acquisitions in Visegrád countries.FindingsThe results show that technological innovations, in-house and external research and development, intense competition from the informal sector and external knowledge search positively influence firms to acquire patents, foreign technologies and international quality certificates. The study further showed that certain firm characteristics, such as size, having a board of directors, female top managers and top managers’ experience, positively influenced firms’ ability to obtain patents, foreign technologies and international quality certificates.Originality/valueThe authors provide new insights into understanding the factors contributing to international technological linkages in the context of transitional countries such as the Visegrád four group. The authors have shown that international technology linkages through foreign technology licences and international quality certifications are vital for innovations in transition economies.

Unravelling the drivers of technological innovations in the Czech Republic: Do international technological linkages matter?

This study aims to investigate the main factors driving technological innovation within firms in the manufacturing and service sectors of the Czech Republic. We apply a binary logistic regression model to cross-sectional data from 502 firms, obtained from the World Bank Enterprise Survey. The results of our empirical investigation show that certain elements of the business environment, such as the tax rate, serve as significant obstacles to firms’ product innovations. The results also confirm that international technological linkages—measured by international quality certificates and foreign technology licenses—affect technological innovations. Moreover, we found that internal R&D activities positively impact technological innovation across all sectors; contrarily, we found that process innovation in the manufacturing sector is positively influenced by foreign technology licenses and business association membership. Process innovations in the service sector are positively correlated with external R&D and financing from banking institutions. Finally, business association membership does not positively influence technological innovation in the service sector. Our findings have salient implications for firm managers, policymakers, and scholars aiming to explore and improve innovation outcomes in transitional economies.

Coagglomeration of Formal and Informal Manufacturing in India

Most developing countries have large and persistent informal sector. Historically, the literature was dominated by strict duality viewpoint, where the formal and informal sectors are treated as two separate entities. However, in recent times, a new approach has developed where the formal and informal sectors are not binary but they often co-exist and feed into each other. Most academic work on agglomeration economies is based on developed countries where almost all production takes place in the formal sector. Apriori, there is no reason to believe that agglomeration economies do not extend to the informal sector. Hence, in this paper, we hypothesize that agglomeration economies can arise from the interaction between formal and informal firms as well. To check the validity of the hypothesis, we study the geographic distribution and Coagglomeration pattern between formal and informal manufacturing firms in India. Using the firm level National Sample Survey for unincorporated enterprises and Annual Survey of Industries data, we calculate the Ellison and Glaeser Coagglomeration index at 2-digit NIC level. Further, using the Marshall's theory of agglomeration, we create four kinds of linkages to capture the nature of interdependence between formal and informal firms, i.e. Buyer, Supplier, Labor and Technology. We find that there is heavy clustering of both formal and informal manufacturing firms in India, however, mostly in different areas, with few exceptions like Western Uttar Pradesh and Southern Tamil Nadu. Out of 22 major industries, we find high coagglomeration only in 7. The average value of coagglomeration index at aggregate level decreases from 0.00536 in 2000-01 to -0.0027 in 2015-16. This indicate towards reduced interdependence over time, however in few industries it remains high. The average value of labor linkage increased from 0.1889 in 2000-01 to 0.3651 in 2015-16, during the same period buyer linkage remained constant around 0.2481 and supplier linkage fell from 0.5755 to 0.2749. The technology linkage remained low throughout in the range of 0.02-0.03. Strong buyer and labor linkage mean subcontracting of inputs is the main motive driving the interaction between formal and informal firms.

Single-industry town: Assessing the activity of town-forming enterprise

Subject. The article considers performance indicators of a city–forming enterprise (absolute indicators, like revenue, cost of sales, net profit; relative indicators, like coefficients of autonomy, current liquidity, return on sales, assets, equity) and the level of socio-economic development of a single-industry town (demographic indicators, housing and communal services, investment activity). Objectives. The purpose is to analyze and evaluate the activities of a city-forming enterprise, its production and technological linkages and their impact on socio-economic development of the entire monotown. The paper considers the cases of Kamensk-Uralsky and Polevskoy monotowns and their town-forming enterprises. Methods. We employ methods of theoretical, statistical, financial and economic analysis. Results. We assessed the indicators of the monotowns’ socio-economic condition. In both cases, on the one hand, there are negative trends in population decline, the investment policy is underdeveloped. On the other hand, the construction of housing stock is expanding. There are production and technological linkages between the major employers of the monotowns under study. However, both of them are characterized by low efficiency of production and economic activity. Conclusions. The interaction of town-forming enterprises along production and technological chains, affiliation with larger institutional entities, like strategic unions, associations, corporations, etc., do not guarantee effective development of either the town-forming enterprise or the single-industry town as a whole. A better targeted support from municipal, regional, and federal government agencies, and attracting private investment are required.

The effects of proximities on the evolving structure of intercity innovation networks in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area: comparison between scientific and technology knowledge

ABSTRACT The various knowledge flows shape and change the regional innovation patterns, which are also influenced by regional conditions. What are the similarities, differences and connections between science and technology linkage, as two different types of knowledge network, deserve to be explored in depth. Drawing on scientific paper co-publications and patent transfer data, we constructed two different types of intercity innovation networks during 2006–2016 in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), a city region special for its ‘one country, two systems’ structure. After that, we explored the evolutionary characteristics of the networks and further examined the different impacts of multidimensional proximity on scientific collaboration and technology transfer. Our results show that technology transfer is more sensitive to spatial factors, institutional barriers caused by ‘one country, two systems’ is a bigger obstacle to technology transfer between cities, cultural proximity and cognitive proximity have a more significant impact on paper cooperation network. Moreover, geographical proximity can indirectly affect knowledge spillover by acting on the proximity of other dimensions. As for scientific collaboration, social, cognitive and institutional proximities can compensate for the lack of geographical proximity, and cultural proximity frequently goes along with geographical proximity; as for technology transfer, geographical proximity has neither substitutional or complementarity relations with cultural and cognitive proximities, the interrelatedness between geographical and institutional and social proximities are complementarity which is opposed to paper co-publications. This study explores the differences in spillover mechanisms of different knowledge types and contributes to enriching the empirical framework of multidimensional proximities and innovation network researches.

Network structure of urban digital financial technology and its impact on the risk of commercial banks

<abstract> <p>In the context of the development of digital finance, the complexity of the network formed by urban digital financial technology has been deepening. Based on Chinese city data from 2010 to 2019, this paper conducts a dynamic evaluation of urban digital financial technology through grey target theory and uses social network analysis methods to study the network structure characteristics of urban digital financial technology and its impact on commercial bank risks. The study found that the spatial network of urban digital financial technology shows a trend of complexity and closeness, developed cities occupy a central position in the network of digital financial technology linkages and are net spillovers of urban digital financial technology. Further research on the impact of urban digital financial network structure on commercial bank risk found that both the overall network structure of urban digital financial technology and individual network structure have a significant inhibiting effect on commercial bank risk. Therefore, this paper focuses on the balanced development of digital financial technology in cities, while seeking to further exert the demonstration role of developed cities and achieve the reduction of risk level of commercial banks through the increase of overall network density and the decrease of network efficiency and network hierarchy.</p> </abstract>

Probing into the interactions between papers and patents of new CRISPR/CAS9 technology: A citation comparison

We explored the interactions between papers and patents by studying cross-citations between journal papers and technical patents concerning CRISPR/CAS9, an emerging research topic. We found that the knowledge flow from patents to papers was weaker than that from papers to patents, while the knowledge flow of papers–papers and patents–patents were faster than that between papers and patents. From 2013 to 2017, the science cycle time (SCT) value of journal papers was 4.23, while their technology cycle time (TCT) value was 6.29. The SCT value of patents was 9.56, while their TCT value was 4.88. The science linkage value and technology linkage value between papers and patents was 82.39 and 0.012, respectively. T-tests indicated that the interaction between papers and patents was significant. Although there are many paper citations by patents, the distribution of paper citations was more scattered than patent citations by patents. Examining the paper and patent hybrid documents co-citation revealed that papers’ references contained five topics, while patents’ references contained only three.

Which patents to use as loan collaterals? The role of newness of patents' external technology linkage

AbstractResearch SummaryPatent collateral is an important aspect in the debt financing of firms. We argue that in accepting patent collaterals, lenders need to balance between risk of obsolescence and risk of unverified external inventions, both of which are related to patents' external technology linkage. Patents linked to old external inventions are subject to risk of obsolescence while patents linked to too new external inventions are subject to risk of unverified external inventions, and therefore we propose patents linked to moderately new external inventions are more likely to be pledged. We further propose the turning point of this curvilinear relationship depends on borrowing firms' attributes: firm‐specificity of their patent assets and their technological specialization domains. Using data on 107,180 U.S. semiconductor patents, our results support these propositions.Managerial SummaryPatent collateralization represents an important innovation in the debt market. Then, how to choose appropriate patents as collaterals is an important question for patenting firms and financial institutions accepting patents as collaterals. Our results suggest that patents linked to old external inventions are less likely to be pledged because such patents may become obsolete soon, patents linked to too new external inventions are also less likely to be pledged because such patents may be deemed too risky, and patents linked to moderately new external inventions are more likely to pledged. We further find that lenders' concerns on risk of unverified external inventions become more salient if borrowing firms' inventions are more firm‐specific but become less so if borrowing firms specialize in the patents' technological domains.

Technology Transfer, Technological Capability, Absorptive Capacity and Firm Performance: An Investigation of the Textile and Clothing Firms in Pakistan

Research on the web of technological linkages that stimulate firm performance is still evolving, especially when they differ with industry, timing and location. Generally, firms in emerging nations need technologies to build technological capabilities; however in some cases firms are limited in their capacity to acquire the technology because of their low level of absorptive capability. The rising share of resource-based textile exports, which exceeds clothing exports, demonstrate that little or no functional upgrading has taken place in the clothing and textile industry of Pakistan. Hence, using structural equation modeling we examine in this paper the mediating effect of absorptive capacity on the relationship between technological capabilities and technology transfer, and firm performance in a sample of 503 textile and clothing firms in Pakistan. The results show that, absorptive capacity mediates positively and significantly the relation between technology transfer, technological capabilities and firm performance with the former being stronger than the latter.

Assessing the Potential of Cross-border regional innovation Systems:A case study of the Hong Kong -Shenzhen region

While technological transformations have redrawn the boundaries of regional innovation systems, the effect of such transformations on the development of cross-border regional innovation systems (CBRISs) – defined here as the innovation system spanning neighboring territories belonging to different nation-states – has not been well understood. The Hong Kong-Shenzhen region presents a unique opportunity to study the potential of CBRISs, as Hong Kong and Shenzhen are adjacent to each other though there is a border between them and the two cities have their own political and legal systems under the “one country, two systems” arrangement. In this research, we examine the development of the Hong Kong-Shenzhen region by focusing on cognitive proximity, innovation actors, collaboration, and global connectivity through an analysis of patent and publication data for the 2001–2015 period. Our findings point to a good potential given the growing convergence in scientific research among the two cities, steadily increasing collaboration output, and a complementarity among innovation actors. However, compared with other cross-border regions, the technological linkages between Hong Kong and Shenzhen remain limited.

Business Continuity Plan for Tour Operator in a Crisis of COVID 19 in Thailand

This article aims to study and analyze the concepts and theories of the business continuity plan and the crisis management concept to be used as a guideline for the survival of tour operators from the COVID 19 outbreak in Thailand. According to the Scott Guidelines (1990); (2006) for data selection criteria, Content was analyzed and synthesized from secondary data. The study found that the business continuity management plan of small and medium tour operators does not yet have a systematic planning process. Nevertheless, there were steps to resolve the problem in the short term. Furthermore, it requires cooperation in many sectors of business stakeholders. Ten step-by-step business continuity plan (BCP) in critical conditions was used. While BCP for the epidemic COVID 19 outbreak focusing on the PPRR model: 1) Prevention, 2) Preparation, 3) Response, and 4) Recovery corresponding to the efficient communication, maintenance of health and hygiene, digital and technology linkage, social distancing, and compliance with the COVID-19 control measures following the policies of the respective governments. Moreover, there were four elements for the business continuity plan: 1) Risk Management Plan, 2) Business Impact Analysis, 3) Incident Response Plan and 4) Recovery Plan.

Construcción de conocimiento en redes de innovación para el uso de bioinsumos en sistemas hortícolas pe-riurbanos

La transformación de los sistemas hortícolas periurbanos convencionales hacia un modelo agroecológico con mayor sustentabilidad socioambiental requiere de una articulación sinérgica de saberes, experiencias y recursos de los actores institucionales de investigación, extensión rural y los productores. Con el objeto de contribuir a mejorar la sustentabilidad productiva, ambiental y social del Cinturón Verde de la Ciudad de Córdoba (cvc) (Córdoba, Argentina), se inició un proceso que involucra actividades de investigación participativa, desarrollo tecnológico y extensión rural, para promover la transición hacia prácticas agroecológicas en productores hortícolas familiares de áreas periurbanas. Bajo un enfoque sistémico, el «Equipo interinstitucional de apoyo a la intensificación ecológica de la producción de alimentos de proximidad» focaliza sus acciones en «aprender haciendo» a través de la metodología Investigación Acción Participativa (iap), construyendo redes, confiriendo importancia al conocimiento tácito, científico, experimental y situado, coconstruido entre todos los actores. En el presente trabajo se realiza un breve análisis del contexto tecnológico-productivo de los sistemas hortícolas periurbanos del cvc y la concreta articulación entre la extensión y la investigación con una mirada sistémica para generar posibles soluciones a estas complejas problemáticas. La incorporación de bioinsumos en los sistemas productivos de los productores participantes forma parte de nuestros resultados; sin embargo, el mayor logro es la integración y la vinculación de los actores involucrados en la coconstrucción de conocimiento y el impacto que estos procesos implican para posibles reconfiguraciones de intervención institucional y vinculación tecnológica.