Technology Insertion Research Articles

Gamificação como prática de ensino

O presente trabalho buscou apresentar uma importante reconfiguração do ensino na era atual em relação à tecnologia: a inserção da prática da gamificação no ensino. Este estudo ocorreu a partir de uma breve contextualização referente à inserção da tecnologia no ensino e de como ele se construiu ao longo da história até os dias de hoje. Desse modo, o objetivo foi compreender as práticas relacionadas à prática da gamificação no contexto do ensino, visando responder a problemática de “como gamificar?”, para tanto valendo-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. A partir desta situação, como resultado foi possível analisar e revelar diferentes aplicações recorrentes dessa prática, pontualmente voltadas à aprendizagem. A pesquisa também esclareceu o aumento do interesse e da motivação de jovens estudantes, que diariamente são expostos à gamificação no ambiente escolar, trazendo um novo formato de educação e de engajamento.

“Mestizo cattle is like us people”: reflections on cattle, family and coloniality

Abstract This article results from ethnographic fieldwork in farms that produce artisanal cheese, in the southwest of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The analysis focuses on the meanings of the practices developed there, especially concerning livestock, which conflict with recommendations of technicians working in the public sector. The latter have tried to manage both human and non-human lives, within a process of development supported by legislation and the insertion of technology, changing the traditional productive practices. This top-down managerial strategy has overshadowed the complex knowledge and the modes of existence empirically observed in these areas. I demonstrate how local practices of mutuality have provided answers that reinvent meanings for life.

O Sistema Integrado de Gestão como Ferramenta de Apoio Estratégico para a Inovação Social

The reconfiguration in the public management, as it concerns to improvement in levels of quality in the services provision, has led to the shift from the focus of efficiency (processes), to effectiveness (results), towards meeting the social policies´ interest. In this direction is the social innovation, known as the result of knowledge applied to social needs, in the search for a more effective public management. Thus, considering the insertion of technology as a foster element for organizational actions, the purpose of this study is to describe the process of social innovation in the Social Assistance and Housing Department in Canela city, based on the implementation of a Management Integrated System. Methodologically, the chosen strategy was the field study. Regarding the research approach, it is qualitative and descriptive in nature. As it concerns to data collection, participant observation techniques were used, associated with bibliographical and documentary research. The results indicated that the Management Integrated System is a helpful tool to social innovation, since it provided, in the institution explored, significant changes that have crossed the questions of technicality and charity including obtaining the recognition by the target public itself of the actions undertaken.

How Cognitive Machines Can Augment Medical Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) neural networks rapidly convert disparate facts and data into highly predictive analytic models. Machine learning maps image-patient phenotype correlations opaque to standard statistics. Deep learning performs accurate image-derived tissue characterization and can generate virtual CT images from MRI datasets. Natural language processing reads medical literature and efficiently reconfigures years of PACS and electronic medical record information. AI logistics solve radiology informatics workflow pain points. Imaging professionals and companies will drive health care AI technology insertion. Data science and computer science will jointly potentiate the impact of AI applications for medical imaging.

Supporting governance of mobile application developers from mining and analyzing technical questions in stack overflow

There is a need to improve the direct communication between large organizations that maintain mobile platforms (e.g. Apple, Google, and Microsoft) and third-party developers to solve technical questions that emerge during the project and development of developers’ contributions in a Mobile Software Ecosystem (MSECO). In this context, those organizations may not know how to define and evolve strategies to govern their developers towards achieving their organizational goals. Such organizations use an infrastructure to support developers, for example, questions and answers (Q&A) portals such as Stack Overflow. Interactions among developers in these portals feed a Q&A repository that can serve as a mechanism to understand and define strategies to support developers. In this paper, we mined 1,568,377 technical questions from Stack Overflow related to Android, iOS, and Windows Phone platforms. Next, we performed comparisons among those MSECO regarding: (i) developers’ activity intensity, (ii) hot-topics (using Latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm) from all and more commented/viewed questions, (iii) “What” and “How to” questions, (iv) hot-topics from more viewed unanswered questions, and (v) relationship among questions and official developer events. From the results, we identified four key insights: recruiting, educating, and monitoring strategies; barrier reduction; management of technology insertion; and fostering of relationships. The relevance of the four key insights to support developer governance was evaluated by practitioners through a survey. Finally, for each key insight we associated a total of 10 strategies to support developer governance activities. Such strategies were extracted from 65 studies identified through a systematic mapping of the literature.

Avaliação dos conhecimentos tecnológicos, pedagógicos e disciplinares no ensino da ciência

This papers describes a research proyect focused on the evaluation of technological, pedagogical and content knowledge in science teaching in the preschool, primary and special education degrees at the Escuela Normal Veracruzana Enrique C. Rebsamen in Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. The study is proposed from an epistemological perspective that studies the insertion of technology in the classroom from an integral and systemic way: the framework of the Technological, Pedagogical, Content Knowledge (TPACK) model developed by Mishra and Koehler (2006) and Koehler and Mishra (2008), based on the analysis of the construct Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) proposed by Shulman (1986; 1987). This scheme is the basis for understanding the interrelation between the pedagogical, disciplinary and technological components on teachers training for science teaching. It is expected that the results allow to obtain rigorous information about the scope of teaching profile in relation to the natural sciences teaching and spreading an innovative paradigm of the science teaching from the initial teacher training.

THE POPULARIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET

Orodispersible tablets are getting popular due to its easy administration which leads to a higher therapeutic adherence. This study aimed to evaluate the state of the art of these drug products based on the scientific literature. Also, orodispersible tablets available in the US, Europe and Brazil markets based on information extracted from the health agencies were analyzed. Those tablets are designed to be placed on the tongue and instantly disintegrated by the fast capitation of the saliva without the additional intake of water. The orodispersible technology enables oral administration of tablets to patients with dysphagia, especially children, and elderlies. Moreover, orodispersible make possible rapid drug intervention and mouth absorption. The drug is partially absorbed in the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus without first pass effect, increasing drug bioavailability and reaching faster therapeutic effect. This is a low-cost technology that fits in a conventional solid production area and adds value to the product without requiring high investment. A market analysis showed there is a predominance of antihistamine drugs or medicines for mental disorders using orodispersible matrices. However, the orodispersible technology shows great versatility and potential application to other pharmacological groups. It is expected that in coming years a massive commercial insertion of this tablet technology occurs. In this scenery, it is indispensable that health professionals are prepared with updated technical information for the use of this therapeutic resource safely and efficiently.

A temática CTS na educação tecnológica

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar a inserção da temática Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) nos cursos de graduação, em uma Universidade Pública Federal no Estado do Paraná - Brasil. Para cumprir com este objetivo efetuamos uma pesquisa descritiva, de caráter quantitativa, mediante análise documental dos cursos, sob a perspectiva do material disponível no website da Instituição. Por conseguinte, complementamos a pesquisa com um levantamento de campo junto aos docentes por meio da aplicação de um questionário eletrônico. O que foi constatado, na instituição, é que institucionalmente a temática CTS não é considerada como algo relevante dentro da educação tecnológica, em nível de graduação, sendo um assunto optativo entre um rol de alternativas dispostas aos alunos. Apesar da maioria dos docentes conhecerem o assunto e terem ciência da importância da temática, este fato não provocou uma mudança efetiva nas propostas dos cursos.

Using a systems engineering framework for additive manufacturing

AbstractSystem engineering life cycles can be used by enterprises to make assessments that facilitate the effective insertion of technology into existing practices. The updated systems life cycle processes standard, ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, is examined to assess additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing. AM's digital nature emerges as a major theme. AM's introduction into the aviation spare part supply chain is also explored using a project crashing illustration. The illustration showed that AM could be leveraged as a project crashing tool. In addition, the use of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 standard revealed network configurations that could be explored to broaden AM's use and obtain additional value, both of which could justify the use of AM. In this study, we suggest the multiple effects of AM on the systems engineering development life cycle.

Materials and structures technology insertion into spacecraft systems: Successes and challenges

Over the last 30 years, significant advancements have led to the use of multifunctional materials and structures technologies in spacecraft systems. This includes the integration of adaptive structures, advanced composites, nanotechnology, and additive manufacturing technologies. Development of multifunctional structures has been directly influenced by the implementation of processes and tools for adaptive structures pioneered by Prof. Paolo Santini. Multifunctional materials and structures incorporating non-structural engineering functions such as thermal, electrical, radiation shielding, power, and sensors have been investigated. The result has been an integrated structure that offers reduced mass, packaging volume, and ease of integration for spacecraft systems.Current technology development efforts are being conducted to develop innovative multifunctional materials and structures designs incorporating advanced composites, nanotechnology, and additive manufacturing. However, these efforts offer significant challenges in the qualification and acceptance into spacecraft systems. This paper presents a brief overview of the technology development and successful insertion of advanced material technologies into spacecraft structures. Finally, opportunities and challenges to develop and mature next generation advanced materials and structures are presented.

Production System Performance Identification Using Sensor Data

Advanced manufacturing systems are characterized by their complex dynamics, which are subject to constant changes caused by technology insertion, engineering modification, as well as disruption events. To support daily operation, distributed sensors are utilized to monitor the status of each process. The advantages of the sensor data are not fully realized in current production system analysis due to a lack of data-driven system level modeling. Motivated by this need, we propose a data-driven manufacturing system model to describe production dynamics and develop a systematic method to identify the causes of permanent production loss. This research enables real-time production system performance diagnosis, which is invaluable in increasing system responsiveness and improving real-time production control to effectively enhance overall system efficiency.

A Return on Investment Model for the Implementation of New Technologies on Wind Turbines

Renewable energy from wind and solar is considered to be the main alternative to fossil fuels. The costs of renewable energy technologies are high and without tax credits they are not currently competitive with fossil fuels in many markets. Improvements in the performance or reduction in operational costs will have significant impacts on the price of renewable energy and ultimately impact their competitiveness. New technologies targeted at improving the efficiency of the current systems or reducing their life-cycle costs will help; however, these technologies are expensive and detailed cost tradeoff and return on investment (ROI) analysis are required to make business cases for them. In this paper, we formulate an ROI model and describe its implementation in a stochastic discrete-event simulator to calculate financial tradeoffs and enable business cases for technology insertion into wind farms. The new ROI model includes changes in revenue and operations costs (including changes in reliability due to the technology insertion) and introduces the concept of identical timeline conditions to guarantee a meaningful ROI calculation. A case study for using light detection and ranging (LIDAR) to increase the efficiency and improve the reliability of wind turbines in a wind farm is provided.

A bio-inspired climb and glide energy utilization strategy for undersea vehicle transit

Marine animals have been the bio-inspirational source for some novel concepts for locomotion, sensing, and the intelligent control of undersea vehicles. There has been little (if any) research in the area of bio-inspired energy utilization strategies applied to undersea vehicles. For example, there are reasons why some fish swim at a specific cruise speed; why some fish move by burst acceleration to higher speeds followed by coasting; and why some negatively buoyant fish alternately glide downwards, and then swim upward. The goal of this study is to develop the theory and models of the climb and glide form of autonomous undersea vehicle transit in a form that can permit assessment of future practical technology insertions (such as drag reduction and wing design). In addition, existing theory was expanded to address vehicles with significant wet weight and the effect of hotel load (equivalent to the basal metabolic rate of animals). Several observations from this preliminary analysis for climb/glide operation of practical vehicles were made. Over a practical and useful range of hotel loads and net vehicle lift-to-drag ratios, energy savings benefits relative to level flight transit from 10% to excess of 40% can be expected. This translates directly into a 10–40% increase in range if a climb/glide strategy is employed instead of level flight transit under the right operating conditions.

CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO FACEBOOK PARA A ALFABETIZAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA NO 3º ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

Developed in a conceptual context of a connected society, in cyber-cultural times, in which the use of new technologies in education is a reality, this dissertation consists of a case study of a qualitative nature. The starting point is to analyze the possibilities of use and knowledge-building that Facebook enables to mathematics literacy for third-grade students of Elementary Education in a public state school in Sao Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The theoretical references of the dissertation are: New Technologies in Education - highlighting the experiences in Brazil and Portugal since the beginning of its trajectories (historic and legal) of insertion of technology in education; social networks and Facebook present in the Web 2.0 the interactive context - allowing Facebook to be a tool with possibilities of use and mediation in a Mathematics teaching school environment; and, the latter, breaking the dichotomy of theory and practice associated to the theoretical branch of ethnomathematics, as a booster of significative learning based on the daily experiences of the students. The main results were: (i) the interest of the students, regarding their encouragement of the use of social networ Facebook as a support of mathematical knowledge, has significantly increased, strengthening participation and involvement in the classroom; (ii) the vast majority of students did not have significant knowledge about Facebook social network in both their daily experiences and on their contributions for an educational proposal inserted in the school; (iii) the development of the proposed activities for the intervention, based on conventional and arbitrary length measurements, in the third year of elementary school, offered the opportunity of deepening the knowledge of the Facebook tool, as a support for the resolution of problem situations.

Location Study of Solar Thermal Power Plant in the State of Pernambuco Using Geoprocessing Technologies and Multiple-Criteria Analysis

Solar Thermal Technology for the generation of electricity in large scale has been a reality in the world since the 1980s, when the first large-sized solar plants in the United States were introduced. Brazil presents great potential for the development of large-scale projects, although it is noted that the main barriers for the insertion of this technology in Brazilian market are the lack of incentives and goals and associated costs. In a way to contribute to the insertion of solar thermal technology in Brazil, this paper presents a macro-spatial approach, based on the use of Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geoprocessing, for the location of solar thermal power plants. The applied methodology for Pernambuco, located in the Northeast Region of Brazil, considered the implantation of parabolic trough solar power plant of 80 MW, operating only in solar mode, without heat storage. Based on performed analysis, it was confirmed that Pernambuco presents great potential for the installation of solar power plants, especially in the backlands of Pernambuco. Performed validations in the model demonstrate that the methodology attended the objective once the consistence between the assigned weights to the thematic layers, individually, and the final Map of site suitability were evidenced.

Dynamic production system diagnosis and prognosis using model-based data-driven method

Advanced manufacturing systems are becoming increasingly complex, subjecting to constant changes driven by fluctuating market demands, new technology insertion, as well as random disruption events. While information about production processes has been becoming increasingly transparent, detailed, and real-time, the utilization of this information for real-time manufacturing analysis and decision-making has been lagging behind largely due to the limitation of the traditional methodologies for production system analysis, and a lack of real-time manufacturing processes modeling approach and real-time performance identification method. In this paper, a novel data-driven stochastic manufacturing system model is proposed to describe production dynamics and a systematic method is developed to identify the causes of permanent production loss in both deterministic and stochastic scenarios. The proposed methods integrate available sensor data with the knowledge of production system physical properties. Such methods can be transferred to a computer for system self-diagnosis/prognosis to provide users with deeper understanding of the underlying relationships between system status and performance, and to facilitate real-time production control and decision making. This effort is a step forward to smart manufacturing for system real-time performance identification in achieving improved system responsiveness and efficiency.

Risk analysis of the insertion of biofloc technology in a marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei production in a farm in Pernambuco, Brazil: A case study

Uncertainties related to the future behavior of projected cash flows cause doubts when choosing investments. Therefore, it is essential to provide information that assist the entrepreneur in decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate the financial indicators and verify the risk of biofloc technology (BFT) and conventional system employed in a shrimp farm in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. We used the simulation by the Monte Carlo method as a probabilistic analysis of the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). The input variables considered were retail price (US$/kg), feed price (US$/kg), labor value (US$), productivity (kg/ha/year), production cycle period (days) and feed conversion rate (FCR). The cash flows have been designed for 10years to the discount rates of 10, 13 and 16%. The BFT system showed greater sensitivity to changes in rates, reducing significantly the NPV when interest rates increased. Risk was only observed in the BFT system, with up to 15% of probability when subjected to the discount rate of 16%. Both shrimp production systems represent a significant investment alternative for the rural sector in northeastern Brazil, because even from the perspective of risk management, the IRR has 90% probability of ranging from 7.66% to 59.40% for the BFT, and from 67.96% to 201.03% for the conventional systems. Statement of relevanceBrazilian shrimp producers are looking for new technologies to improve their productive performance and to avoid problems related to diseases in conventional pond culture system. They are interested in the biofloc technology (BFT) system, but there are many doubts about financial issues related to this technology. However, few studies evaluate the economic aspects of the different culture systems used in this activity, hampering the decision-making by the producer. Our study verified the viability of the BFT system, as well as the conventional system employed in the northeast Brazilian shrimp farms, but both systems were impacted along the time by productive aspects and changes in the prices of the main inputs used in the production.

A risk-based framework with Design Structure Matrix to select alternatives of product modernisation

ABSTRACTProduct modernisation and upgrade are driven by the demand to maintain technological update and to increase product operational life. To accomplish those tasks a set of potential solutions are proposed involving engineering changes in original product design. This paper presents a method to support the selection of the most suitable design solution based on the quantification of risk profile and cost of each alternative considering the architectural modification relative to a baseline design. Design Structure Matrix is used to analyse the product original design and the changes required to accommodate alternatives proposals and risk is quantified based on Hazard and operability study analysis and characterised as the effects of components of faults and failures on product performance. The proposed method is applied to an armoured personnel carrier major overhaul when the effects of introducing design changes, including powertrain modification, are quantified in terms of risk and costs. The proposed method is applicable to support new technology insertion problems in product upgrade aiming at controlling the future operational risk profile in comparison to the original design.

Metodologias participativas e projeto UCA: a busca pela tecnologia como cultura

No contexto complexo e mutável da cultura digital, as mídias se constituem em um importante espaço para a formação, tendo o importante papel de articular novas lógicas culturais que acarretam em rupturas para o âmbito escolar. Para compreender essa mudança, criam-se novos métodos de análise e investigação – as Metodologias Participativas –, estratégias de pesquisa-ação cujo objetivo é intervir em uma dada situação social. No foco da análise aqui proposta, tais metodologias ajudam a confrontar o desafio de envolver as tecnologias digitais na cultura da escola, por meio da participação dos diferentes sujeitos envolvidos. Dois estudos de caso qualitativos sobre o projeto Um Computador por Aluno, realizados em 2012 nas escolas de Santa Catarinae Bahia, constituem a primeira etapa da pesquisa apresentada. Os resultados dizem respeito a uma inserção da tecnologia de forma “verticalizada” e a um processo desmotivador que atravessa diversas instâncias das escolas, desde o planejamento até as relações em sala de aula. A partir dessas considerações, a segunda etapa de pesquisa propõe uma intervenção didático-pedagógica em uma das quatro escolas investigadas. As metodologias de vídeo e fotografia participativas são escolhidas como possibilidades de ação-reflexão-ação que tematizam a própria realidade sociocultural, agregando o potencial de compartilhamento das experiências. Os resultados apontam para a importância da realização de atividades criativas, adequadas a uma concepção social de aprendizagem, para a centralidade da agência de crianças e jovens, junto à necessidade de redefinir as relações entre professor e aluno, em uma perspectiva mais “horizontal” do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.

The use of virtual training to support insertion of advanced technology at remote military locations.

Effective training in advanced medical technologies is essential for military healthcare providers to support the far forward battlefield. The use of modern video communication technologies and novel medical devices can be utilized for meeting this challenge. This study demonstrates the combined use of video conferencing equipment and videolaryngoscopy in the virtual training of a novice in videolaryngoscopy, nasal intubation and airway foreign body removal.