Technological Innovation Platform Research Articles

Exploration of Building a Technology and Skill Innovation Platform under the Background of Provincial High level Professional Group Construction

This article takes the construction of provincial-level high-level professional groups as the background, with the main line of promoting high-quality development of vocational colleges, deepening school enterprise cooperation, high-quality employment of students, and creating brand characteristic majors. The goal is to build a technical skills platform for vocational college professional groups. In order to promote the improvement of teaching quality in vocational colleges, achieve high-quality employment for students, and focus on high-level professional groups, construction ideas and measures have been proposed to better build a platform for technological skill innovation.

Research on Dynamic Optimization and Coordination Strategy of Value Co-Creation in Digital Innovation Ecosystems

Based on the theory of differential games and guided by the realization of value co-creation, this paper discusses the value co-creation of a technology innovation platform, scientific innovation layer, and support layer in the digital innovation ecosystem. Given the dynamic change characteristics of digital technology innovation and resource integration, this paper constructs a differential game decision model. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The Stackelberg master–slave game and collaborative model have incentive effects. The returns in both methods increase over time and finally reach a stable value. In the collaborative game model, the effort level of participants is the highest and realizes the Pareto optimality. (2) The digital technology innovation capacity coefficient, digital technology assimilation capacity and absorption capacity coefficient, and resource integration cost coefficient are the key factors affecting the optimal return of the innovation ecosystem. (3) The two-way cost-sharing path can balance the innovation ecosystem, in which the technology innovation platform shares the cost and provides incentives to the scientific innovation layer and the support layer. The sharing ratio and incentive degree are positively correlated with the benefit of value co-creation. However, if the income distribution coefficient is not appropriately set, the participants’ income will decrease.

How the Target Positioning of the S&T Innovation Platform Impacts Its Network Innovation Capability in China

The Scientific and Technological Innovation Platform (hereafter S&T innovation platform) accumulates rich innovation resources, co-ordinates the interest between multiple innovation subjects, promotes the sharing of innovation resources, and thus enhances the platform’s network innovation capability. Therefore, based on the perspective of the target positioning of the S&T innovation platform, this paper explores the improvement path of the platform’s network innovation capability. Through empirical research, we found that the target positioning of the S&T innovation platform helps to improve the platform’s network innovation capability. The mediating mechanism of construction logic and transformational logic enhances the S&T innovation platform’s network innovation capability. At the same time, this paper studies the influence of boundary factors, such as government guidance and market lead, on the network innovation capability of S&T innovation platforms and finds that the market lead moderating effect impacts the network innovation capability of S&T innovation platforms through commercial logic and transformational logic. The government guidance positively moderates the relationship between the target positioning of the S&T innovation platform and the commercial logic under construction logic. The moderating effect under the joint impact of market lead and government guidance enhances the network innovation capability of the S&T innovation platform using social logic and transformational logic. The novelty and uniqueness of the research are based on the innovation network theory, integrating construction logic and transformational logic, and enriching the boundary conditions to enhance the network innovation capability of the S&T innovation platform by introducing the roles of market lead and government guidance.

S&T Innovation Platform Sharing Service Contract Mechanism to Achieve Supply Chain Resilience

While achieving fruitful patents in innovation, enterprises can face bottlenecks in industrial transformation. The fundamental cause of such difficulties is the lack of pilot equipment. To this end, the science and technology (S&T) innovation platform introduces equipment sharing to solve the problems in transforming enterprise patents. Based on the premise that service demand is endogenous to platform service effort and user relationship resilience, this paper introduces revenue-sharing and cost-sharing contract mechanisms. It constructs a Stackelberg game model between S&T innovation platforms and enterprise users. Further, we explore the decision-making optimization involving platform service pricing, service effort, and a user’s relationship resilience. Our main findings are: (1) service pricing and relationship resilience show supermodularity to the platform revenue while showing submodularity to the user revenue. (2) The optimal user relationship resilience always indicates a decreasing trend in the pricing of platform services. (3) The platform and users have their preferences for contract types. When the platform dominates the game, they tend to adopt a revenue-sharing contract. When the users dominate, they are more willing to implement a cost-sharing contract. (4) As the S&T innovation platform strengthens the connection between the platform and users through the revenue- and cost-sharing contracts, it further enhances the supply chain collaboration among equipment suppliers, technology innovation platforms, and users, thereby achieving the purpose of improving supply chain sustainability and resilience. Technological innovation is an essential means to improve supply chain sustainability and resilience.

Immune Response and Safety to Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine: A Comparison Between People Living with HIV and HIV-naïve Individuals

Background: Multi-types COVID-19 vaccines have shown safety and efficacy against COVID-19 in healthy adults. Although current guidelines encourage people living with HIV(PLWH) to take COVID-19 vaccines, whether their immune response to COVID-19 vaccines is distinct from HIV-free individuals is still unclear.Methods: Between March to June 2021, 48 PLWH and 40 HNC, aged 18 to 59 years, were enrolled in the study. All of them received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine at day 0 and the second dose at day 28. The primary safety outcome was the combined adverse reactions within 7days after each injection. The primary immunogenicity outcomes were neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) responses by chemiluminescence and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies responses by ELISA and colloidal gold at baseline (day 0), day 14, day 28, day 42, and day 70.Findings: In total, the study included 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who finished 70 days’ follow-up. The frequency of adverse reactions to the first and second dose was not different between PLWH (30% and 11%) vs HNC (32% and 24%). NAbs responses among PLWH peaked at day 70, while among HNC peaked at day 42. At day 42, the geometric mean concentration (GMC) and seroconversion rate of nAbs among PLWH were 4.46 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (95% CI, 3.18-5.87) and 26% (95% CI, 14-41), which were lower than that among HNC [GMC (18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI, 10.33-32.33), seroconversion rate (63%, 95% CI, 44-79)]. IgG responses among both PLWH and HNC peaked at day 70. At day 70, the geometric mean ELISA units (GMEU) and seroconversion rate of IgG among PLWH were 0.193 ELISA units (EU)/mL (95% CI, 0.119-0.313) and 51% (95% CI, 34-69), which was lower than that among HNC [GMEU (0.379 BAU/mL, 95% CI, 0.224-0.653), seroconversion rate (86%, 95% CI, 64-97)].Interpretation: Early humoral immune response to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was weaker and delayed among the PLWH population than that among HNC. This observation remained consistent regardless of a high CD4 count and a low HIV viral load suppressed by ART.Funding: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0103800), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81903371), NIMH (R34MH119963), the National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10101-001-001-003), and Special Found on Prevention and Control of New Coronary Pneumonia in Guangdong Universities (2020KZDZX1047), Medical Science and Technology Innovation Platform Support Project of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (PTXM2020008), Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Fund of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (cxpy2017043). Medical Science Advancement Program (Basic Medical Sciences) of Wuhan University (TFJC2018004).Declaration of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Ethical Approval: The study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, P. R. China (2020079K-1). Informed consent was obtained from all individuals enrolled in this study.

Exploration of the Innovative Multi-dimensional Talents Training for Mechanical Engineering Specialty in China

In view of the current engineering personnel, innovative personnel training mode and teaching system was difficult to adapt to the new needs of the industry. This paper put forward multi-dimensional co-driven innovative personnel training concept based on the goal oriented education, school-enterprise cooperation education, science and education integration education, and competition platform education. Three-level progressive curriculum project system, three-level and five-link university-enterprise complementary joint training model, and a four-level extracurricular science and technology innovation platform were established. A capability achievement evaluation standard was also established based on concepts of process-based, output-oriented, quantifiable, controllable and multi-channel feedback. A research capability model of transforming engineering problems into scientific problems was built with the help of high-end teams and provincial and ministerial platforms. The deep integration of society, school and innovation team was promoted by construction of achievement transformation mode, with market demand as the leading role and practice incubation as the carrier. With the precise drive of team, project, platform, innovation and entrepreneurship, the training mode of application-oriented innovative talents has been established, which integrates theory and practice with the five-step promotion of teaching, production, competition, research and application. The teaching reform was carried out in Qingdao university of technology and collection data comes from student of mechanical engineering major in the past three years. The achievements of teaching reform was discussed from five aspects including ‘teaching’, ‘production’, ‘competition’, ‘research’ and ‘application’. The analysis shows that the reform has achieved remarkable results. Keywords: Mechanical Engineering, Multidimensional culture, Goal-driven, Process control.

Identification of Ethyl Ferulate From Rubus corchorifolius L.F. Leaves and Its Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells

Abstract Objectives Rubus corchorifolius L.f., also known as raspberry, March bubble, milk bubble, etc., belongs to the genus Rubus L. and the family Rosaceae. The tender leaves of Rubus corchorifolius L. f. have been made into herbal tea for drinking and relieving coughs in China since ancient times. In this study, we isolated a bioactive compound from the ethyl acetate extract of Rubus corchorifolius L.f. leaves and investigated its protective effects in HepG2 human liver cancer cell line and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Structural analysis of the isolated compound was performed by spectroscopic methods and the compound was identified as ethyl ferulate. Efficacy and mechanisms of ethyl ferulate on the proliferation of HepG2 human liver cancer cells and LO2 normal human liver cells was determined by cell viability, cell morphology, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, Ca2 + release, and immunoblotting analyses. Results We found that ethyl ferulate significantly suppressed the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells (IC50 26.4 μM), while it did not cause cytotoxicity on LO2 cells. In addition, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that ethyl ferulate inhibited HepG2 cell growth via inducing cellular apoptosis. Specifically, ethyl ferulate reduced the electrical potential of the mitochondrial membrane and increased the concentration of calcium ions inside cells. Moreover, these changes were accompanied by increases in the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. In contrast, cell morphology and growth of LO2 cells remained unaffected. Conclusions In conclusion, our findings demonstrated, for the first time, that ethyl ferulate possesses great potential as an effective and safe antitumor agent for cancer chemoprevention in humans. Funding Sources This study was supported by the University of International Cooperation in Science and Technology Innovation Platform Project of Guangdong (2013gjhz0003). XC was partly supported by a scholarship from South China Agriculture University.

Research on High Quality Evaluation and Influencing Factors of China Energy Finance: Evidence From A-Share New Energy Companies

High-quality development of energy finance (HQDEF) is not only a key component of high-quality economic development, but also an important solution to the current difficulties of China’s energy industry, such as environmental pollution and supply security. This study first clarifies the connotation and mechanism of high-quality energy finance, and then uses static super-efficiency DEA model as well as dynamic Malmquist index to evaluate the HQDEF from the perspective of input and output. We find that the overall effect of the HQDEF is at a low level. The scale efficiency and technical efficiency are deviating, where the former (latter) continues to expand (decline). The dynamic Malmquist index shows a slight decline in the efficiency of the HQDEF. Further studies on five dimensions of the HQDEF show that innovation has the highest correlation with each new energy industry. Lacking of innovation is the main bottleneck that restricts the development of the current new energy industry. The correlations among different industries have a tendency of “symmetry” and “convergence.” Our study provides countermeasures and suggestions for the high-quality and stable development of China’s energy finance from the perspectives of optimizing the financial support structure, building a technological innovation platform, optimizing the industrial structure, rationally making green investments and open development.

MiR-128 Participates in the Pathogenesis of Slow Transit Constipation by Regulating the P38α/M-CSF Inflammatory Signaling Pathway

Background: Slow transit constipation (STC) is a gastrointestinal disorder that adversely affects the quality of life. MicroRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-128 in STC. Methods: A murine model of STC was constructed based on morphine and rhubarb. MiRNA array, bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation were applied to confirm the miR-128 and its target signaling pathway. The expression of miR-128 and downstream genes analysis were performed in the models. Inflammatory cytokine release in response to miR-128 regulation was evaluated in vitro. Findings: The expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were low in the STC model. In addition, STC group showed a significant downregulation of miR-128 and upregulation of p38α and macrophage colony stimulating factors (M-CSF). Moreover, we observed elevated inflammatory cytokine and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in colonic tissues. Furthermore, co-culture assays indicated that regulating expression of miR-128 in colonic epithelial cells induced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α by macrophages. Interpretation: Our study demonstrated that miR-128 regulated the p38α/M-CSF signaling pathway to promote chronic inflammatory responses and changes in the immune microenvironment of the colon, thereby offering potential insights into the pathogenesis of STC and therapeutic targets for its treatment. Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81570492, No.81500505), Science and Technology Innovation Fostering Foundation of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (cxpy2017018), Medical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Health Commission of Hubei Province /Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (No.PTXM2019011), Health Commission of Hubei Province (No. WJ2019M206), Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province (No.2018CKB913), and the Clinical Research Special Fund of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation (No.320.6750.18467, No.320.6750.19089-14). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interests. Ethics Approval Statement: Experiments were performed under a project license (No.2018039) granted by the ethics committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, in compliance with Animal Research Center of Wuhan University guidelines for the care and use of animals.

Analysis of Value Creation Process of Platform-driven Scientific and Technological Innovation Value Chain: the Perspective of Informationization

At present, the innovation environment of science and technology innovation platform is constantly changing, which has gradually changed from the situation of science and technology innovation among single elements to the information comparison among the whole innovation value chain. In this paper, science and technology innovation platform is divided into four types: pure research platform, industrial technology research platform, business incubation platform and public service platform. It deeply analyzes the informationization process of innovation value chain driven by science and technology innovation platform, including basic research, applied research, experimental development and commercialization. By analyzing the role of knowledge capital, technology capital, venture capital and other information resources in science and technology innovation platform, it explores the value flow among platforms. It is found that the stock capital and variable capital of scientific and technological innovation are not a transformation, but realize the increment and cyclic accumulation of income along the innovation chain step by step. The research expands the analysis scope of informatization theory, combs the value creation process of science and technology innovation platform, and contributes to risk avoidance and benefit distribution.

People Living with HIV Easily Lose Their Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2: Result from a Cohort of COVID-19 Cases in Wuhan, China

Background: To date, whether the immune response for SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living with HIV(PLWH) is different from HIV-naïve individuals is still not clear.Methods: In this cohort study, COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital in Wuhan between January 15 and April 1, 2020, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into PLWH and HIV-naïve group. All patients were followed up regularly (every fifteen days) until November 30, 2020, and the immune response towards SARS-CoV-2 was observed.Findings: Totally, 18 PLWH and 185 HIV-naïve individuals with COVID-19 were enrolled. The positive conversion rates of IgG were 56% in PLWH and 88% in HIV-naïve patients respectively, and the peak was on the 45th day after COVID-19 onset. However, the positive rate of IgG dropped to 12% in PLWH and 33% among HIV-naïve individuals by the end of the study. The positive conversion rate of IgG among asymptomatic carriers is significantly lower than that among moderate patients (AOR=0·18, 95% CI: 0·05-0·65) and PLWH had a lower IgG seroconversion rate compared to the HIV-naive group (AOR=0·22, 95% CI: 0·05-0·90). Patients with lower lymphocyte counts at onset had a higher positive conversion rate (AOR=0·29, 95% CI: 0·09-0·90) and longer duration for IgG (AHR=4·01, 95% CI: 1·78-9·02).Interpretation: The positive conversion rate of IgG for SARS-CoV-2 was relatively lower and quickly lost in PLWH, which meant PLWH was in a disadvantaged situation when affected with COVID-19.Funding Statement: This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81903371), NIMH (R34MH119963), the National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10101-001-001-003), and Special Found on Prevention and Control of New Coronary Pneumonia in Guangdong Universities (2020KZDZX1047), Medical Science and Technology Innovation Platform Support Project of Zhongnan Hospital，Wuhan University (PTXM2020008), Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Fund of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (cxpy2017043), and the Medical Science Advancement Program (Basic Medical Sciences) of Wuhan University (TFJC2018004).Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Ethics Approval Statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital affiliated with Wuhan University (2020062).

Technology sharing game from ecological perspective

Abstract New technological revolution has brought about significant changes in technological innovation activities. The platform has become an indispensable part of the innovation ecosystem of technology-intensive enterprises, which is derived from enterprise technology sharing. The main relationship of the innovation ecosystem is competition and cooperation. We use evolutionary game theory to consider the sharing behaviour of two enterprises in terms of different implicit parameters, thereby providing insight into the design of innovation ecosystem and technology innovation platform policies that promote open and shared technological innovation.

Distinct Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Among People Living with HIV

Background: Although people living with HIV (PLWH) are immunodeficient, it is not clear if they are more susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 infection than HIV-naïve individuals.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 857 PLWH (age≥18 years) who were in care in the Wuchang district and 1048 randomly selected HIV-naïve residents from the same district. We compared the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the proportion of asymptomatic carriers, and the seroprevalence of antibodies in the two groups. The risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH were explored.Results: Fourteen out of 857 (1.63%) PLWH were infected with SARS-CoV-2, while 70 of 1048 (6.68%) HIV-naïve individuals were infected (P=0.001). The morbidity of COVID-19 was similar between the two groups, which were 0.70% and 0.38%, respectively (P=0.360). PLWH had more asymptomatic carriers (0.47%) than the HIV-naïve group (0.00%) (P=0.041). The proportion of unapparent patients in PLWH is lower in the HIV-naïve group (0.47% vs 6.30%, P=0.001). HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infected individuals were elder than HIV alone infected individuals (51.29±14.6 years vs 39.57±14.1years, P=0.020), and a higher proportion of chronic comorbidities was also observed among the co-infected group (5.81% vs 21.43%, P=0.048). Besides, PLWH with opportunistic infections (OIs) were easier to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 than those without OIs (P=0.005). Older age (aOR=4.50, 95%CI:1.34-15.13, P=0.015) and OIs (aOR=9.59, 95%CI:1.54-59.92, P=0.016) were risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH by multivariable regression analysis.Conclusion: PLWH have different infection forms and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 than the general population, while opportunistic infections were considered to be a driving cause of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HIV infected individuals.Funding Statement: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0103800), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81903371), NIMH (R34MH119963), the National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10101-001-001-003), and Special Found on Prevention and Control of New Coronary Pneumonia in Guangdong Universities (2020KZDZX1047), Medical Science and Technology Innovation Platform Support Project of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (PTXM2020008), Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Fund of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University (cxpy2017043). Medical Science Advancement Program (Basic Medical Sciences) of Wuhan University (TFJC2018004).Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Ethics Approval Statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital affiliated with Wuhan University (2020062), and informed consent was obtained.

The 7th Symposium of JAPAN-ASEAN Science Technology Innovation Platform (JASTIP)

Editorial The 7th Symposium of JAPAN-ASEAN Science Technology Innovation Platform (JASTIP) was successfully held at Indonesia Convention Exhibition (ICE), Tangerang, Indonesia on October 24, 2019. The forum was organized by JASTIP Headquarters, Kyoto University, and co-organized by Research Center for Biomaterials – Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and Research Center for Biology – Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI).JASTIP has been launched by Kyoto University, Japan since fiscal year 2015, within the framework of the Collaboration Hubs for International Research Program (CHIRP) 2015, funded by the Strategic International Collaborative Research Program (SICORP) of Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).The present symposium captured a tagline of “Biodiversity, Genetic Resources, and Innovative Bioresource Technology: Toward 2025 Sustainable use of Biodiversity”. Biodiversity and bioresources have always been important fields, especially in Southeast Asia, one of biodiversity hot spots in the world. For instance, Indonesia is one of the 17 megadiverse countries and with 2 of the world’s 25 biodiversity hotspots. Wide variation of climate and numerous islands in the region also increased the biodiversity of the region. This high biodiversity can potentially provide rich bioresources and genetic resources. These biodiversity resources are expected to contribute to the sustainable development of the region.List of Editor in Chief, Guest Editor, Section Editor and Managing Editor are available in this pdf.

The Diagnostic and Prognosis Potential of B Cell Repertoire in Membranous Nephropathy

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, which is an autoimmune glomerular disease. In current clinical practice, the diagnosis is dependent on renal tissue biopsy. A non-invasive method for diagnosis and prognosis surveillance is urgent need for patients. Methods: From 2017 to 2018 we recruited 66 MN patients before any treatment and 11 healthy controls. We analyzed multiple aspects of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) repertoire between MN patients and healthy controls using high-throughput sequencing. Findings: We found that the frequency of IGHV3-66 in post-therapy patients is significantly lower than pre-therapy remarkably. Moreover, we found that IGHV3-38 gene is significantly related to PLA2R, which is the common used biomarker. The most important discovery was that in the patient before treatment we identified 24 IGHV genes had the potential to predict the therapeutic effect. Interpretation: Our study further demonstrates IGH repertoire can be a non-invasive biomarkers potentially for prognosis prediction of MN. The landscape of circulating B-lymphocyte repertoires shed new light on MN detection and surveillance. Funding Statement: This work was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81972335) and Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Plan (2017A020215185) and Guangdong Province Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2016A030306050) and Science and Technology Innovation Platform in Foshan City (FS0AA-KJ218-1301-0007) and “Guangdong Te Zhi Program” youth science and technology talent project (2015TQ01R462) and Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (B2017006). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no financial or commercial conflicts of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University.

Current status and prospects of reactor produced medical radioisotopes in China

Medical radioisotopes as the cornerstone of modern nuclear medicine play an irreplaceable role in diagnostic imaging and therapy of various diseases, like malignant tumors, cardiovascular and brain disorders, according to achieve molecular level imaging tracking and precise targeted clearance of small lesions. The most commonly used reactor produced medical radioisotopes include molybdenum-99/technetium-99m (99Mo/99mTc) generator, iodine-131/125 (125/131I), strontium-89 (89Sr), and lutetium-177 (177Lu) and so on. Amongst them, 99mTc is by far the most widely used and best known diagnostic isotope. 131I and 177Lu are already being applied routinely in nuclear medicine nowadays and will increase further as new precise targeted therapies developed, especially 177Lu combined with various targeted molecules to achieve a variety of systemic metastasis of malignant tumors is recognized as a revolutionary prospect in the medical community. In the future, many more patients will suffer from different kinds of diseases, which are need medical radioisotopes to diagnostic imaging and therapy. Therefore, safeguarding a reliable supply to make medical radioisotopes available for all patients who require radiotherapy or imaging is highly important. In this review, a brief account of various aspects of the recent research progress of reactor produced medical radioisotopes in China is introduced. For each medical radioisotope under consideration, like 99Mo, 131I, 125I, 177Lu, 89Sr and 90Y and so on, the status of technology for clinical scale production as well as clinical application is discussed. There are many challenges that face reactor produced radioisotopes production and application for medical diagnostics and therapy in China. The serious relying on importation of reactor produced medical radioisotopes from overseas is pointed out. 99Mo,125I, 89Sr and 90Y are imported completely and the vast majority of 131I and 177Lu are also imported. The import dependent of medical radioisotopes has become a bottleneck for the advances in nuclear medicine and has seriously restrained the healthy development of national public health in China. Some real experience in the development of the production of medical radioisotopes in China indicates that progress in this field is possible if the following conditions are fulfilled. Firstly, establish long-term national plan and improve support management for the independent supply of medical radioisotopes. Secondly, increase the production capacity and alleviate supply-demand contradiction by optimizing the production organization process in the existing reactor resource. Thirdly, increase the annual appropriated budget for research and development to realize the independent production of medical radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. Finally, establish a technology innovation platform of production, teaching and research integration for medical radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the potential and future uses of reactor produced medical radioisotopes. In the future, the production and application of medical radioisotopes will be one of the hot spots in the field of nuclear technology application. From the standpoint of radioisotope therapy, particular hopes for the future are related to “targeted” therapy, in which a radioisotope is delivered directly into the affected cell by biological “transporters” to kill malignant tumors with radiation. “Personalized” medicine (radiotheranostics) refers to the use of medical radioisotopes-labeled agents to perform simultaneous imaging and therapy of a target lesion is the key development direction of new radiopharmaceuticals. These new directions require development of a broad dedicated production of radioisotopes specially intended for these purposes. In addition, 223Ra, 225Ac and other α-nuclide labeled radiopharmaceuticals will also be focused on.

Analysis of patent data of Panax notoginseng and enlightenment of industrial development

In order to find the trends in Panax notoginseng industries of China, a combination of data analysis and empirical analysis was applied to analyze the application of global P. notoginseng patents, the innovation field, the distribution of patent assets, the patent citation network, the distribution of enterprises, the talent team, the competition and cooperation situation based on the financial big data platform of intellectual property industry. From the perspective of industrial technology hotspots, the clinical application of P. notoginseng is becoming more and more widespread, and its clinical treatment field is further expanding. From the perspective of industrial fields, the P. notoginseng industry has gradually expanded from the traditional Chinese medicine field to food, cosmetics, beverages, tea and other daily consumer goods. From the perspective of patent quality, the average maintenance life of P. notoginseng patents of China is lower than the global level, and the value and quality of patents need to be further improved. And the quality of P. notoginseng of China related patent applications has gradually improved in recent years. We analyzed the technology, capital, and talent issues of P. notoginseng industry of China, and summarized and forecasted the status and trends of P. notoginseng industry development of China. It is considered that scientific and technological innovation has become the core engine for the development of the P. notoginseng industry and intellectual property, especially patent protection, escorted the sustainable development of the P. notoginseng industry. Based on the above analysis, several suggestions were put forward to promote the high-quality development of the P. notoginseng industry. It should strengthen scientific and technological support, especially the need for a large number of high-quality scientific and technological output, expand multi-party cooperation, build a high-level technological innovation platform for the P. notoginseng industry, guide long-term capital to continuously and stably invest, and help the P. notoginseng industry to revitalize.

Salud y gastronomía peruana bajo una perspectiva social, económica y competitiva

Objetivo: En el Perú, los sectores de salud y alimentación están relacionados económica y socialmente. El objetivo de la investigación es demostrar cuáles son las oportunidades y desafíos del sector alimentario peruano en relación con el sector salud humana, desde donde se tomarán decisiones futuras; y promover la tecnología y la innovación tecnológica con rigor científico en ese sector. Metodología: Reconocer y analizar holísticamente los sectores de la salud y la alimentación. Resultados: Se ha demostrado su relación, así como las brechas en la competitividad y la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación tecnológica. Conclusión: Es necesaria la innovación en el sector alimentario peruano, con un rigor científico en pro de la salud de la población. Proponemos la implementación de una plataforma de innovación científica y tecnológica con el objetivo de estandarizar la calidad de la cocina tradicional y desarrollar la gastronomía en el Perú.

Fringe visibility and distinguishability in two-path interferometer with an asymmetric beam splitter**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11434011, 11575058, and 61833010), the “Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Plan” Excellent Talent Award of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 2017XK2021), the Science Funds from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos.

We study the fringe visibility and the distinguishability of a general Mach–Zehnder interferometer with an asymmetric beam splitter. Both the fringe visibility V and the distinguishability D are affected by the input state of the particle characterized by the Bloch vector S = (Sx,Sy,Sz) and the second asymmetric beam splitter characterized by the paramter β. For the total system is initially in a pure state, it is found that the fringe visibility reaches the upper bound and the distinguishability reaches the lower bound when cos β = −Sx. The fringe visibility obtain the maximum only if Sx = 0 and β = π/2 when the input particle is initially in a mixed state. The complementary relationship V2 + D2 ≤ 1 is proved in a general Mach–Zehnder interferometer with an asymmetric beam splitter, and the conditions for the equality are also presented.

Building a global platform for organic farming research, innovation and technology transfer

Organic food and farming systems have a great untapped potential to provide the world with healthy, high-quality food that is produced and distributed in an ecologically sound and fair way, but numerous production challenges and barriers slow the adoption of organic practices. Innovations addressing these challenges are not being developed sufficiently because of insufficient capacity in research, development and technology transfer, especially in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Given the limited resources, as well as the specific needs of organic food and farming systems, different pathways are needed to develop new technologies that are compatible with the principles of organic farming. The Technology Innovation Platform of IFOAM—Organics International (TIPI) was established to advance organic farming through research, development, innovation and technology transfer. As a global platform for organic food and farming systems research, innovation and technology transfer, TIPI advocates for three main pathways along which this is expected to happen, each of which comes with a specific set of research objectives and outcomes: (1) empower rural areas, (2) practice eco-functional intensification and (3) produce food for health and well-being. TIPI identified three strategies to build the necessary capacity: (1) develop research methods appropriate for organic food and farming systems; (2) renew partnerships between farmers, farm advisors, scientists and consumers; and (3) integrate technological, social and ecological dimensions of innovation.