Technology Industry Research Articles

Open-Source vs. proprietary LLMs: The battle for innovation and accessibility

Large language models (LLMs) are constantly developing technology primarily concerned with artificial intelligence and natural language processing. Controversy has been focused on the competition between open-source and proprietary degrees in LLMs: innovation and accessibility. Popular open-source models demand democratizing information processing, enabling the general public to access and develop elaborate AI systems. While the first model is built in the common interest, being open to the public, the second model has commercial interests in mind to achieve business advantage points, and models may be limited. This article draws to acquire insights into the principal differences between both approaches regarding technological advancement, ethical aspects, and industry and societal influence. Therefore, the research intends to examine the different motives behind LLM approaches and their outcomes on how the two approaches advance innovation, its accessibility and the future advancement of artificial intelligence.

The Effect of Uploads on Folkative on the Fulfillment of Information for Z Generation

A rapid development, especially in the technology industry, led to a big impact on media development. A lot of media companies switched from conventional media to digital media because of fear of being eroded and disability to adapt with the digital advances. not only that, there were also a lot of new online media appearance based on social media, one of which is Folkative. We cannot deny that social media is a new platform which is loved by lots of people, especially Z generation, so the appearance of new online media such as Folkative created a uniqueness of it. Folkative itself is a new online media platform based on Instagram which focused on news, art, culture, and local products, Folkative was called as new media since it was established on 2018. This research aims to determine the effect of uploads on Folkative on the fulfillment of information for Z generation. This research is quantitative research which defines phenomenon with numbers. This research also focused on communication major student at Universitas Negeri Jakarta especially on class of 2020 as the population. This research tests the validity and reliability of data, simple linear regression test to check the effect, and hypothesis test using IBM SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 25. Based on the results of this research, it was determined that there was a positive impact of 15,6%, so it was concluded that there was an effect of uploads on Folkative on the fulfillment of information for Z generation.

Digital transformation, human capital upgrading, and enterprise ESG performance: Evidence from Chinese listed enterprises

Research background: With the rapid development of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data, cloud computing, and blockchain, the deep integration of digital technology and traditional industries offers unprecedented opportunities and has become an important technological force driving the development of enterprise environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Digital transformation increases the complementarity between the production and operation processes of enterprises and highly skilled labour, specifically manifested in the adaptive change of the human capital structure of enterprises in labour relations. Meanwhile, transforming enterprises’ human capital structure also affects ESG performance. Purpose of the article: This study investigates the effects of digital transformation on enterprise ESG performance and its underlying mechanisms of human capital upgrading. First, it combines cutting-edge literature to analyse the theoretical mechanism between digital transformation, human capital upgrading, and enterprise ESG performance, revealing the internal driving factors and implementation paths for improving enterprise ESG performance. Second, we use the data of 3928 listed enterprises in the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets from 2009–2022 to analyse the impact of digital transformation on enterprise ESG performance from the perspective of human capital upgrading as well as the mechanism by which digital transformation affects enterprise ESG performance through human capital upgrading. Third, we provide policy recommendations for optimising the labour structure and enhancing enterprise ESG performance from the perspective of optimising human capital and digital technology applications. Methods: Based on data from 3928 listed enterprises in Chinese A-share markets from 2009-2022, we investigate the effects of digital transformation on enterprise ESG performance and the mechanisms of human capital upgrading. The panel mediation effect model tests the relationships between digital transformation, human capital upgrading, and enterprise ESG performance. Findings & value added: In theory, digital transformation is beneficial for optimising human capital structure, accelerating green technological innovation, and improving management efficiency, thus improving enterprise ESG performance. Mechanism testing shows that digital transformation enhances enterprise ESG performance through human capital upgrading. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital transformation on ESG performance is more significant in enterprises that are capital- and technical-intensive, and located in the eastern and central regions. This study examines the microeconomic consequences of digital transformation, contributing to a deeper understanding of the theoretical logic inherent in enterprises’ optimisation of their labour structure. It also provides empirical evidence and decision support for developing industrial talent policies.

New Quality Productivity Empowers Enterprises Risk-Driven Innovation -- Taking BYD's Entry into New Energy Vehicle Insurance Industry as an Example

Abstract: Driven by the new wave of revolution in the science and technology industry, emerging industries are emerging one after another, with huge potential and unpredictable risks coexisting. The concept of new quality productivity came into being,which represents the innovation of productivity and the future development trend of advanced productivity. This paper uses a conceptual analysis method to study and analyze the logical ideas of risk-driven innovation of enterprises empowered by new quality productivity, and takes BYD's entry into the new energy vehicle insurance industry as an example to conduct a case analysis. The study demonstrates the positive role that new productivity plays in empowering enterprise innovation at the technical level and building an innovation culture for enterprises when firms engage in risk-driven innovation. Based on this, the study suggests innovative behaviors for relevant enterprises to explore new industries in the future. Enterprises with innovation needs can realize risk-driven innovation by utilizing new quality productivity from multiple perspectives, such as enhancing core technology R&D capabilities, cultivating new production factors, forward-looking planning for new industries, and shaping the supply chain pattern of new industries.

Promoting clean energy transition and industry emergence: leveraging public funding for the commercialisation of fuel cell technologies

ABSTRACT The effectiveness of public funding in promoting clean energy transition through technology innovation and industry emergence is an important issue for policy making. This study examines the role of public funding in commercialising fuel cell technologies by considering different types of partners in publicly funded projects. Our findings, based on data from the U.S. Department of Energy’s hydrogen and fuel cell commercialisation program, suggest that publicly funded projects with non-profit partners have a lower likelihood of commercialisation compared to those with for-profit partners. However, the size of the public grant significantly impacts this trend: projects with non- profit partners are more likely to be commercialised if they receive larger grants, while the opposite is true for projects with for-profit partners. This study advocates for the proficiency of public grant programs with regard to their role in supporting private efforts in commercialising clean energy technologies and fostering industry emergence.

Traversing borders of representation: Occidentalism in a Moroccan traveller’s account of Britain’s modernity

In 1876, Moroccan Sultan Moulay Hasan sent a delegation to Britain to study artillery and return with a specimen of modern weaponry. This article examines Driss Jaaidi’s report on the journey to Britain through the theoretical lens of Occidentalism, which offers a counter-narrative to Western Orientalism. Jaaidi’s account, produced within the diplomatic context of Moroccan–British relations, diverges from traditional Orientalist texts, offering a respectful and admiring depiction of British modernity. By focusing on technological advancement, industrialization, and mass urban life, Jaaidi’s travelogue emphasizes observation without condescension, contrasting the estrangement found in Western accounts of the East. This study explores how Occidentalism allows non-Western travellers to view the West through a lens of curiosity and respect, fostering a narrative that is forward-looking and temporally progressive. The observer’s language, shaped by an Occidentalist perspective, reflects a register of praise and awe rather than alienation and distortion. The present text suggests that while Orientalism views the East as a relic of the past, Occidentalism, in contrast, portrays the West as a vision of the future – a futuristic artefact.

Laser Sintering of Metal Powders: Failure Analysis and Implementation of Solutions for Aluminium and Stainless Steel Parts

Abstract In this research, the failures and possible solutions of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) have been investigated, with the aim of presenting an overview of the current state of science and possible technical solutions to the various challenges and potential solutions. DMLS technology allows to produce high density parts and has proven to be suitable for the cost-effective production of both mass-produced and individual parts in the automotive, aerospace, medical and hydrogen technology industries. This study reveals the fundamental principles, potential benefits, and limitations of metal 3D printing. The defects are categorized into those related to raw materials and those caused by the manufacturing process. The properties of the parts fabricated by this method are mainly depending on the quality of the raw material and the intensity of the laser beam. Clusters of raw materials have a negative impact on the whole manufacturing process, requiring their investigation and avoidance. Another critical defect identified is the significant internal stress generated during the manufacturing process. Various methods are developed to quantify and mitigate these internal stresses. This study provides a detailed analysis of these defects and their impacts, along with a review of literature-based solutions. Among the evaluated and implemented solutions, emphasis is placed on the effects of preheating the build plate and post-process heat treatment. Future objectives and research directions are proposed, presenting and assessing alternative solutions such as Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) and Thermo-Vibratory Stress Relief (TVSR), which combine heat treatment with vibration. In the scope of the research, the process by which the most common failures occur, and their potential outcomes was reviewed. Special attention was given to deformation caused by internal stress and the possibilities for its mitigation. The feasibility of applying a new approach was investigated, and future research objectives were outlined. SEM imaging was employed to conduct and analyse the grain size of stainless-steel raw material, and agglomerates were observed in the post-print recycled powder.

Predictive Analytics for Mental Health: Machine Learning Approaches in the Tech Industry

Mental health concerns in the technology sector have become increasingly prominent, drawing attention due to the industry's high-pressure environment and intense workloads. This study investigates the application of machine learning techniques to predict mental health conditions among technology industry professionals. The research utilizes a comprehensive dataset, analyzing factors such as work-life balance, job satisfaction, workplace environment, and individual well-being. The study implements and evaluates several Machine Learning approaches, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree Classifier, KNN, Gradient Boosting Classifier, XGB Classifier, to determine the most effective method for predicting mental health outcomes. The results highlight the potential of predictive analytics in early identification, enabling organizations to implement proactive strategies to enhance mental wellness and improve employee productivity. Additionally, this investigation emphasizes the necessity of incorporating mental health support mechanisms in technology-driven workplaces to foster a more positive work environment. The paper concludes with a discussion of the study's limitations and potential avenues for improving mental health prediction models in the future.

Resisting technological inevitability: Google Wing's delivery drones and the fight for our skies.

Efforts to realize on-demand delivery drone networks present a stark example of how the technology industry seeks to dominate new markets, regardless of societal consequences. Analyzing the most advanced of these efforts-Google Wing's operations in Australia since 2017-we identify the instrumental role of narratives of technological inevitability (of tech expansion, and societal adaptation) in catalyzing new sky-based commerce. Yet the interest of this case study lies in a twist. Google Wing's rollout in Australia's capital, Canberra, initially proceeded as a textbook example of tech expansion. However, citizen engagement and public governance dramatically intervened and, we argue, disrupted the logic of technological inevitability. This article is the first to analyze these dynamics, many of which originated with Bonython Against Drones (BAD), a community action group forged from those who first lived under Google's food delivery drones. The article exposes the flawed logic of technological inevitability as the enabling force of tech expansion; characterizes the governance failures that help install corporate visions for public goods; animates the potentialities of communities living with new technologies; and identifies the sky itself, as both a public commons and a vital, living habitat, as a key future locus for participatory governance. This article is part of the theme issue 'Co-creating the future: participatory cities and digital governance'.

Completely Fused Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Enables Efficient Postprocessing‐Free Organic Photovoltaics Cells

AbstractThe photovoltaic performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells can be significantly improved by regulating the aggregation structure and film formation kinetics of the constituent materials. However, many regulation strategies, including the use of additives and annealing, require complex fabrication processes and additional investments, which poses challenges for the industrialization of OPV cells. In this work, a completely fused non‐fullerene acceptor, GS‐20 is designed and synthesized, with strong aggregation properties. The incorporation of GS‐20 as a third component into the PBQx‐TF:eC9‐2Cl‐based cell accelerates aggregation of eC9‐2Cl and improves molecular stacking by promoting film deposition. The as‐cast ternary OPV cells fabricated without any post‐treatments exhibited a high VOC of 0.890 V and a maximum PCE of 19.0%. Moreover, a postprocessing‐free OPV module is fabricated using the blade coating method and obtains a satisfactory PCE of 13.5%, indicating excellent feasibility for large‐scale preparation. This work realizes an efficient postprocessing‐free OPV cell through molecular design and ternary strategy, facilitating the industrialization of OPV technology.

Laser-based disassembly of end-of-life automotive traction batteries: A systematic patent analysis

Battery recycling is a vital component in the decarbonization of the transportation sector. The disassembly step represents a pivotal element within the process chain for battery recycling, as it paves the way for subsequent steps. Semi-destructive disassembly technologies will be key to developing efficient disassembly processes for end-of-life automotive traction batteries. Laser-based separation technologies have emerged as a promising emerging technological approach. Following a systematic search in multiple databases, the obtained records underwent a comprehensive descriptive analysis in terms of both regional and historical context, while key inventors and assignees were identified. Furthermore, citation networks have been identified to provide an overview of the patent landscape and the interrelations within this field. Moreover, an analysis concerning the International Patent Classification and the Cooperative Patent Classification was conducted. An in-depth analysis of relevant patents provides insights into the specific techno-strategic elements currently pursued. The study yields an implication and recommendation framework for research, industry, and policy makers to drive the industrialization of laser-based disassembly technologies as an avenue for efficient end-of-life automotive traction battery disassembly of the future. This framework enables relevant stakeholders to drive their techno-strategic developments in the field of laser-based disassembly, resulting in enhanced laser-based semi-destructive disassembly technologies.

Importance of Cybersecurity/The Relevance of Cybersecurity to Diabetes Devices: An Update from Diabetes Technology Society.

As medical devices become more integrated with wireless technologies, the risks of cyberattacks and data breaches increase, making stringent cybersecurity measures essential. The implementation of rigorous cybersecurity standards is essential for enhancing the cybersecurity of devices. This article examines the evolving cyber threats faced by the medical technology industry, the role of IEEE 2621 in providing comprehensive security benchmarks for medical devices, and the need for continuous risk assessments and adherence to regulatory standards to mitigate future cyber risks. Adherence to cybersecurity standards establishes ensures the effective protection of sensitive data and critical infrastructure.

Dependence and information flow among U.S technology industries

ABSTRACT The technology sector serves as a fundamental pillar for all industry sectors in the economy, playing a central role in driving worldwide economic growth. It particularly distinguishes itself in the U.S., representing approximately one-third of the global technology market. However, the technology sector is not a homogenous group of similarly focused companies, its industries vary significantly in their characteristics. This paper analyzes the relationships among U.S. technology industries defined by the Global Industry Classification Standard using Vine copulas and transfer entropy. It spans 1 January 2010–31 January 2024, to clarify intra-sectoral heterogeneity and identify key industries predicting the performance of others. Our findings highlight the predictive power of the semiconductor industry, with significant information transmission to all other industries. Contrarily, the flow in the opposite direction is significant in only 3 of 5 cases. The identification of semiconductors’ central role is particularly valuable for both retail and institutional investors concentrating on technology stocks, as it may indicate future developments in the entire sector. Moreover, due to the industry’s global importance, shocks in the semiconductor industry could propagate across the entire technology sector, leading to broader economic instability. Therefore, the semiconductor industry should be closely monitored by the policymakers too.

A Systems Thinking Approach to Improving Firms’ Competitive Capabilities and Firm Performance

AbstractThis research aims to establish how systems thinking (ST) can be used to develop firm competitive capabilities (CC) and improve firm performance (FP). The focus is on ST applications in the South African information and communications technology (ICT) industry. The methodology includes Structural text condensation of relevant literature combined with interviews involving a selection of participants. From the analysis, some of the key findings are that ST enables the firm to contextualize itself in the wider systems environment, which results in improvements in FP. The research stream is specifically on soft ST and its contribution to improvements in firm CC and FP. This research creates an opportunity for further research into how soft ST can be leveraged in delivering firm CC and improvements in FP. The theoretical contribution made in this paper is exploring the relationship/linkage between the different concepts of soft ST, CC and FP.

Digital industry agglomeration and urban innovation: Evidence from China

This study explores the relationship between digital economy and urban innovation from the perspective of economic agglomeration. Based on a panel data set of 285 Chinese cities from 2009 to 2019 and the classification of the digital industry by the National Bureau of Statistics, this study shows that an increased level of digital industry agglomeration significantly contributes to urban innovation, with more pronounced effects observed in larger cities and those in eastern and western regions. Further analysis of industry heterogeneity reveals that digital industry agglomeration not only boosts innovation within the digital industry but also enhances it in non-digital industries. Additionally, digital industry agglomeration appears more conducive to promoting innovation in green technology industries than in non-green technology industries. The mechanism analysis reveals the mediating effect of data capital accumulation, market size expansion, and digital technology spillover on urban innovation. The Sobel test reveals that data capital accumulation has the largest mediating effect on total patents, while digital technology spillover has the strongest mediating effect on invention patents. This study enriches the existing understanding of the agglomeration effect of the digital industry on urban innovation and sheds light on the mechanisms driving urban innovation in emerging economies.

Machine learning techniques for enhancing security in financial technology systems

The financial technology (fintech) industry has transformed the way financial services are delivered, offering enhanced convenience, accessibility, and efficiency. However, this rapid digitization has also increased the sector’s exposure to a wide array of security risks, including cyberattacks, fraudulent activities, data breaches, and insider threats. As traditional security measures struggle to keep pace with the growing sophistication of these threats, machine learning (ML) techniques have emerged as promising tools for reinforcing security in fintech systems. Machine learning models can analyze vast amounts of data, detect anomalous behavior, predict potential risks, and respond to security threats in real-time. This paper explores the potential of machine learning to enhance security in financial technology by addressing key challenges such as anomaly detection, fraud detection, intrusion detection systems (IDS), and risk management. We provide an overview of common machine learning algorithms—such as decision trees, neural networks, support vector machines (SVM), and clustering methods—that are applied to these security tasks. Additionally, we discuss the evaluation metrics used to measure the accuracy, precision, recall, and overall effectiveness of these models. Through real-world case studies, we highlight successful implementations of machine learning in fintech security, offering insights into best practices and lessons learned. Despite the many benefits, there are also significant challenges and limitations associated with the adoption of machine learning in fintech, including concerns over data privacy, the accuracy and reliability of models, and the computational resources required for large-scale deployment. Looking ahead, this paper identifies emerging trends and potential innovations that could further enhance security in fintech, from advancements in deep learning to the integration of artificial intelligence with blockchain technology. Finally, we propose areas for future research to address unresolved issues and support the continued development of machine learning-driven security solutions in the fintech industry.

Guangdong’s New R&D Institutes

In pursuit of technological development, China has created new organizations to promote innovation. This brief examines New Research and Development Institutes (NRDIs), which are designed to foster knowledge transfer to industry. NRDIs were pioneered in Guangdong province in the 1990s, and have gained prominence in China’s national science, technology, and innovation policies since the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020). NRDIs are defined by their market orientation and extremely flexible organizational form. They work by establishing “innovation platforms” with local governments and private knowledge actors to carry out research and development (R&D), commercialize scientific and technological achievements, incubate local technology industries, and cultivate high-end talent. NRDIs have been instrumental to regional development in Guangdong, and especially Shenzhen, where they have succeeded in attracting talent from outside the region. NRDIs have important policy implications for international competition for talent. Understanding NRDIs is crucial for other countries that want to improve their own inter-regional innovation resources and respond to the challenge of China’s drive to attract global talent and knowledge resources.

Development and Analysis of Apple Inc.

This essay analyses and discusses the prospects of Apple Inc. in four main areas: organizational structure, managerial responsibility and agency conflicts, portfolio theory and the CAPM model, and valuation using net present value. Finally, through these four aspects of analysis, it can be concluded that Apple Inc. has good growth prospects, so it can be considered to invest in the company. However, it is also important to note that the technology industry is extremely competitive, so it is important to keep an eye on Apple’s ability to keep innovating and optimizing.

The impact of informal control on the innovation performance of female technology professionals from the perspective of role pressure.

With the rapid advancement of the technology industry, particularly in STEM fields, female professionals have increasingly become key drivers of innovation. Despite this, existing research has seldom examined the psychological impact of informal control on their innovation performance. Therefore, this study distributed questionnaires to female technology professionals in China's STEM field to investigate the effect of informal control on their innovation performance from a psychological perspective. It further explored the mediating role of role pressure and the moderating role of environmental turbulence in this relationship. This study primarily utilized AMOS 24.0 to develop structural equation models, and employed PROCESS 24.0 and SPSS 26.0 for data analysis purposes. The findings reveal that informal control positively predicted the innovation performance of female technology professionals in STEM field. Role pressure partially mediates this relationship, while environmental turbulence positively moderates the relationship between informal control and innovation performance among female technology professionals in STEM field. Theoretically, this research enriches the individual-level approaches to enhancing management control effectiveness. Practically, it aids managers in focusing on the psychological well-being of female technology professionals in STEM field, thereby facilitating the judicious selection of management control methods. The study's conclusions aim to provide logical guidance for enterprises to further strengthen their attention and support for female technology professionals in STEM field. Simultaneously, it offers a theoretical foundation for enhancing their innovative capabilities.

Unlocking the Work–Life Equation: Critical Analysis of Telework Factors for Optimal Balance in the IT/ITES Sector

In the contemporary corporate landscape, the notions of telework, job engagement and work–life balance have emerged as the most compelling concepts. These concepts have been found to significantly enhance employee performance and provide organizations with a strategic competitive edge. Recognizing the relevance of these considerations to the working world, the current study addresses the gap in the literature on telework and work–life balance in the Indian context. The present study makes a valuable contribution to the existing literature on flexible work arrangements, including flexible scheduling, family obligations and job commitment. The study aims to fill a gap in the existing literature by exploring the relationship between telework and work–life balance in the Indian context. While some research is available on telework and work–life balance, there is a lack of specific studies focusing on the Indian context. This study recognizes the importance of understanding the unique cultural and organizational factors that may influence telework and work–life balance in India. Also, the information technology (IT) and IT-enabled services (ITES) industries are well-positioned to maintain their use of telework as a competitive advantage as the globe gets past the pandemic’s initial effects. These industries can strengthen their competitiveness, spur innovation and guarantee long-term success in a global economy driven by digitalization by incorporating remote labour into their fundamental operational plans. IT and ITES businesses have a chance to reimagine the future of work in the post-COVID age by establishing new benchmarks for adaptability, productivity and resilience. This analytical study adopts a cross-sectional time horizon and focuses on individual employees within the IT/ITES sector. The study employed a survey methodology, utilizing a questionnaire developed by the author to collect data. A total of 217 employees participated in the study, with a convenient sampling technique being utilized to ensure a representative sample. The data were then analyzed further with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The study identified telework, work facilitator, working situations and job engagement as significant constructs in predicting work–life balance. Implications for research and practice are discussed. This study provides academics with useful insights for theory formation and verification of telework, work–life balance and job engagement. Four key factors were identified through the utilization of EFA: Telework, work facilitators, working situations and job engagement. The aforementioned factors offer significant insights into the fundamental dimensions that influence the work–life balance within this industry. The present study incorporates diverse work arrangements, such as adaptable working hours and telecommuting alternatives, alongside conducive organizational cultures and policies that prioritize family support. The identification of work facilitators as a distinct factor underscores the significance of organizational support in establishing an environment that empowers workers to effectively harmonize their professional and personal obligations. The present study’s results indicate that gender may not be a decisive factor in shaping telework, work facilitators, working situations or job engagement in the IT/ITES industry, since there is no discernible connection between gender and these variables. Because the study was restricted to the IT/ITES industry, its conclusions might not be easily applied to other industries. Additionally, as the investigation relied on self-reported data, it may have been impacted by biases and a tendency to behave in a way that appears appealing to others. Prospective research endeavours could investigate the relationship between gender and work–life balance components in a variety of contexts and examine additional demographic characteristics that may influence these elements. The study’s findings could potentially provide valuable information for both employers and employees in the IT/ITES sector. Employers may gain insights into the factors that contribute to work–life balance disparities, enabling them to implement policies and practices that support healthier work–life integration for their employees. Employees, on the other hand, may benefit from a better understanding of how their demographic characteristics intersect with work–life balance factors, allowing them to make informed decisions about their career and personal life. This study captures the potential of telework in emerging economies for increasing job engagement. A unique and modern insight into how telework affects the technology space is what makes the work stand out from the static framework in the literature. How telework and its variables affect work–life balance and job engagement of the employees and how the organizations have a positive impact on productivity, is the novel factor in the study.