Purification Technology Research Articles

Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity in BiFeO3 Nanoparticles through Electrical Polarization

This study investigates the enhancement of photocatalytic properties in BiFeO3 nanoparticles through an additional electrical polarization (poling) pretreatment process. BiFeO3, a promising multiferroic material with a narrow bandgap of ≈2. 12 eV, is well‐suited forvisible light‐driven photocatalysis. However, its photocatalytic efficiency isoften limited by insufficient photogenerated charge availability. To address this, a poling process was employed to align the ferroelectric domains within BiFeO3 nanoparticles, improving charge separation and enhancing photocatalytic activity. The findings reveal that the poling process preserves the intrinsic bandgap of BiFeO3, maintaining its visible light absorption capability. Steady‐state photoluminescence spectroscopy shows a marked increase in the intensity in poling‐treated samples, indicating enhanced charge carrier generation. Photo degradation experiments using Indigo dye as a model pollutant demonstrate that poling‐treated BiFeO3 achieves a remarkable photodegradation efficiency of 99%, compared to 56% for untreated BiFeO3. Additionally, the poling‐treated BiFeO3 retains 65% of its initial efficiency after four cycles, highlighting its durability for sustained environmental applications. This study underscores the effectiveness of poling in enhancing the photocatalytic performance of BiFeO3 nanoparticles, providing valuable insights into the development of efficient photocatalysts via domain engineering for environmental purification technologies.

Empowering Community Entrepreneurship Through Salt-Based Mouthwash Production

In this PKM program, our partner is residents in Sedayulawas, Lamongan, East Java, Province. This community has generated the production mouthwash derived from salt. Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl). Diversification of salt products with various derivative products is very possible for salt farmers to do as an effort to empower the economy of the Lamongan community as well as increase food security through the provision of quality salt and downstream technology to produce salt derivatives that have more value for example mouthwash. Mouthwash containing saltwater rinses work by increasing the pH- balance inside the mouth, creating a much more alkaline oral environment in which the bacteria are no longer able to thrive. Based on interviews and observations in the field, there are 3 main focuses of the problems currently faced by partners, namely: 1) lack of knowledge about downstreaming of salt products and their derivatives and 2) the packaging of product. Efforts to increase salt production and salt purification technology as well as alternative diversification of salt derivative products can be a model that can drive the economic sector of the community of salt farmers and women who boil salt so as to initiate the opening of new job opportunities and create superior salt products and derivative products, namely mouthwash in Lamongan Regency. This activity was realized with an approach in the form of making a sustainable cooperation program until the end of PKM, creating a family atmosphere between the two and understanding that the problems experienced were a shared problem so that they could be solved together according to the level of responsibility to achieve the expected benefits, namely increased yields, production and productivity and competitiveness, independence and welfare of the community.

Designing cellulose based biochars for CO2 separation using molecular simulations

This study investigates the pyrolysis mechanism of cellulose using reactive molecular dynamics simulations to prepare biochars for CO2 separation applications. Six biochars with densities ranging from 0.160 to 0.987 g/cm³ were prepared, and their performance in adsorbing CO2, CH4, and N2 gases, as well as CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 gas mixtures, was evaluated using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. The adsorption isotherms were fitted to the Dual-Site Langmuir (DSL) equation, and subsequently, the isosteric heat of adsorption, Gibbs free energy, and entropy changes were calculated. It was found that the results indicated that the density of biochar had a strong impact on gabs adsorption. CO2 had much better interactions with biochars than CH4 and N2. The 0.351 g/cm³-density biochar presented the highest selectivity for CO2. The effect of water vapor was also covered which remarkably decreased the adsorption of CO2 by the competition of active sites for adsorption. These results indicate that optimized cellulose-derived biochars could be a promising material for CO2 separation in sustainable gas purification technologies.

Metal-Organic Framework with Polar Pore Surface Designed for Purification of Both Natural Gas and Ethylene.

The advancement of high-value CH4 purification technology within the natural gas industry is paramount for industrial processes. Herein, we constructed ZJNU-402, a new porous material characterized by permanent porosity, as an effective adsorbent for separating C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 mixtures. The findings reveal an outstanding C3H8 adsorption capacity of 68 cm3 g-1 and a moderate C2H6 adsorption rate of 42 cm3 g-1, with a notably lower CH4 adsorption rate of 11 cm3 g-1. Noteworthy is the exceptional selectivity of ZJNU-402 for C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4, standing at 375 and 31, respectively, surpassing many previously documented high-performance adsorbents and breaking the traditional trade-off between adsorption capacity and separation selectivity. Adsorption heat calculations show that compared with CH4 molecules, C3H8 and C2H6 molecules form stronger bonds with the skeleton, resulting in excellent separation performance. In addition, the breakthrough experiment of ZJNU-402 can also completely separate the ternary component C3H8/C2H6/CH4 mixture to obtain 99.95 % high-purity methane. At the same time, ZJNU-402 also has excellent structural stability, excellent recyclability, and low isosteric adsorption heat. Consequently, ZJNU-402 exhibits substantial potential for augmenting the efficacy of natural gas enrichment processes.

Psychological Intervention for Depression and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

With the advancement of blood purification technology, there is increasing attention to the mental health of hemodialysis patients, particularly concerning depression. This study aims to determine the effect of psychological interventions on anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients through a meta-analysis. A computerized search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to October 2023, focusing on the effects of psychological interventions on improving depression in hemodialysis patients. Data extraction, quality evaluation, and cross-checking were performed independently by two researchers. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according to the criteria recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark). The effect of psychological interventions on anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients was determined by combining effect sizes and I2 statistics. Fifteen studies were included, encompassing a total of 929 hemodialysis patients: 468 in the intervention group and 461 in the control group. The results indicated that psychological interventions could improve depressive moods [mean difference (MD) = -4.91, 95% confidence intervals (CI) (-6.56, -3.26), p < 0.001] and anxiety status [MD = -5.11, 95% CI (-6.97, -3.25), p < 0.001]. A subgroup analysis based on the intervention duration (more or less than 8 weeks) revealed that patients experienced significant improvements in depression and anxiety regardless of the intervention length. Additionally, subgroup analyses focusing on quality of life demonstrated that psychological interventions significantly improved the psychological aspects of patients' quality of life [MD = 7.31, 95% CI (1.06, 13.56), p = 0.001]. Sensitivity analysis, which excluded sources of heterogeneity, indicated that psychological interventions significantly enhanced both the psychological [odds ratios (OR) = 4.14, 95% CI (1.08, 7.20), p = 0.008] and physical [MD = 2.52, 95% CI (0.10, 4.95), p = 0.04] aspects of patients' quality of life. Psychological interventions can significantly alleviate depression and anxiety in hemodialysis patients and improve their quality of life. Psychotherapy holds promise as an effective method for improving depression in dialysis patients.

Process development of guava leaves with alkali in removal of zinc ions from synthetic wastewater

BackgroundThis research investigation delves into the efficient removal of zinc ions from synthetic wastewater through the utilization of KOH treated guava leaves as an adsorbent. The study employs advanced analytical techniques including SEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET analysis to characterize the physicochemical properties of the treated guava leaves. The research extensively explores the impact of various experimental factors on the adsorption process, encompassing agitation time, adsorbent dosage, pH levels, and desorption, to identify optimal conditions for maximum Zn (II) ion removal. MethodsThe research methodology involves subjecting guava leaves treated with KOH to thorough analysis using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET techniques to gain insights into their physical and chemical attributes. The study systematically investigates the adsorption process by manipulating crucial parameters such as agitation time, adsorbent dosage, and pH levels. Different isotherm models including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich are applied to comprehend the adsorption mechanism. Additionally, kinetic calculations are performed, leading to the determination that the pseudo-second-order model best fits the removal of zinc metal. Significant FindingsThe research uncovers essential findings regarding the efficacy of KOH treated guava leaves as an adsorbent for zinc ions. Optimum conditions are pH 3 are identified, an adsorbent dosage of 100 mg/L, and an equilibrium period of 20 min, resulting in peak efficiency of the adsorption process. The study reveals an adsorption capacity of 14.5 mg/g for the studied metal, emphasizing the potential of KOH treated guava leaves as an efficient adsorbent for zinc ions. The adsorption capacity is 5.1 mg/g for the untreated guava leaves. The findings underscore the feasibility of utilizing this eco-friendly approach for wastewater management, thereby contributing to environmental remediation and pollution control efforts. The research highlights the practical application of KOH treated guava leaves in wastewater treatment processes, advocating for further exploration and optimization of this sustainable solution to address heavy metal contamination and promote greener technologies for water purification and waste management.

An Exploratory Study of PN HPT for Treating Postsurgical Atrophic and Depressed Scars.

Postsurgical atrophic scars tend to respond poorly to treatments, especially non-energy-based ones. Hydrophilic PN HPT (Polynucleotides High Purification Technology) injected intradermally is a non-energy-based option with an immediate volume-enhancing effect that indirectly improves the fibroblast synthesis of collagen and extracellular matrix. The PN HPT ingredient has the further benefit of a dermal "priming" effect that enhances the efficacy of other scar treatments. Verify retrospectively, with advanced techniques, the efficacy of PN HPT monotherapy as postsurgical scar treatment. Retrospective data collection in 18- to 65-year-old women with moderate-to-severe atrophic scars after mammary surgery undergoing a five-session intradermal treatment course with 0.75% PN HPT gel formulation in single-use syringes starting 6 months after surgery. Primary retrospective efficacy parameter: changes in scar morphology and symptom severity after three and 6 months (modified Vancouver Scar Scale, mVSS). Secondary efficacy parameters: roughness score 6 months after baseline (Antera 3D CS tridimensional skin analysis system) and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS, Investigator and Patient subscales) after three and 6 months. Total mean mVSS highly significantly improved from 11.2 ± 1.92 at baseline to 7.0 ± 1.68 and 6.9 ± 1.55 after three and 6 months, respectively; the mean Antera 3D CS roughness score improved from 13.5 ± 4.14 to 10.0 ± 3.49 after 6 months. After three and 6 months, the GAIS subscores for investigators and cohort subjects were identical (3.0 ± 0.81 and 3.0 ± 0.72, respectively). The photographic documentation supported the previous results. In monotherapy, the intradermal PN HPT ingredient seems to quickly and safely relieve the burden of postsurgical atrophic scars. However, the lack of a formal parallel control group is a severe limitation. The objective quantitative measurements confirmed the long-lasting benefits.

Recent advances in low-temperature nitrogen oxide reduction: effects of electric field application.

This article presents a review of catalytic processes used at low temperatures to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O), which are exceedingly important in terms of their environmental impacts on the Earth. With conventional purification technologies, it has been difficult to remove these compounds under low-temperature conditions. By applying a catalytic process in an electric field for the three reactions of three-way catalysts (TWC), NOx storage reduction catalysts (NSR), and direct decomposition of N2O, we have achieved high catalytic activity even at low temperatures. By promoting ion migration on the catalyst surface, we have filled in the gaps in conventional catalytic technology and have opened the way to more efficient conversion of NOx and N2O.

Dual spatial region flexible chlorine based ionic hypercrosslinked polymer synergistically adsorb formaldehyde and carbon dioxide

Efficient adsorption and purification of low concentration volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide (CO2) mixture in high-humidity environments remain a daunting challenge for researchers. In this study, a dual spatial region synergistic adsorption strategy was proposed to achieve synchronous and efficient capture of formaldehyde and CO2 on flexible chlorine (Cl) based ionic hypercross-linked polymer (Cl-IHCP). Through the ordered self-assembly of ionic monomers, the array-distributed free Cl, terminal Cl, and pyrrole nitrogen (N) sites were integrated into the skeletal network of Cl-IHCP and formed ultra-microporous environment with two different adsorption regions. Different adsorption regions exhibited varying adsorption affinities for formaldehyde and CO2 molecules on three sites, thereby weakening their competitive adsorption and achieving high adsorption for both. Besides, the strong binding force of formaldehyde and CO2 molecules in different regions makes the skeleton-responsive swelling of Cl-IHCP, and created new adsorption microenvironments for the other adsorbate. This manner considerably enhanced the adsorption capacity of Cl-IHCP for formaldehyde and CO2 in mixed-component, increasing by approximately 45% and 70% respectively compared to single component formaldehyde and CO2. These fascinating properties enabled Cl-IHCP to synergistically adsorb formaldehyde and CO2 mixtures in high humidity environments. This study innovatively proposed a simple and cost-effective strategy for removing VOCs and CO2 under high humidity, providing a feasible solution for green air purification technology.

Extraction of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by frame sorbents based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (MBTC) and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylates (MB DC) of various metals

Pollution of soils and water sources with heavy metals leads to negative consequences for the environment associated with disruption of ecosystem balance, harm to the health of living organisms and humans. To solve this problem, organometallic frame sorbents capable of efficiently extracting heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions have been synthesized. During the conducted research, the regularities of the adsorption of cadmium, lead, copper, cobalt and nickel ions were studied using synthesized frame sorbents based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylates (MBTC) and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylates (MBDC). The identification analysis performed on diffractograms of CoBTC and NiBTC powders showed the presence of structures [Co3(BTC)2·12H2O] and [Ni3(BTC)2·12H2O]. Unlike NiBTC, NiBDC dicarboxylate crystallizes in triclinic syngony (spatial group P1¯, Z = 1) and corresponds to the crystal structure [Ni3(OH)2(BDC)2··4H2O], the sample of the CuBTC compound crystallizes in cubic symmetry with the space group Fm3¯m (Z = 16) and corresponds to the crystal structure [Cu3(BTC)2·3H2O], and the CuBDC compound has a structure belonging to the monoclinic symmetry. The results of the analysis of isotherms of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption using synthesized MOFs made it possible to determine important textural characteristics of sorbents. It was noted that a strong adsorbate-adsorbent interaction is realized for CoBTC in the micropore region. It is shown that the specific surface area of synthesized sorbents, calculated by the Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, varies widely. Thus, for CoBTC and NiBTC compounds, it was 276.0 and 9.0 m2/g, respectively. The noted differences are due to the presence of a large number of micropores in the sorbent CoBTC. In most cases, the kinetic patterns of the adsorption of heavy metal ions can be described by a pseudo-second-order equation. The only example of the process proceeding according to the kinetic equation of the pseudo-first order is the adsorption of copper ions on the NiBDC sorbent. It is noted that cobalt, nickel and copper ions are better absorbed by sorbents containing the corresponding ions of the same name according to the Paneta-Faience rule. The linear relationship found between the sorption capacity and the logarithm of the ratio of the radius of ions to their electronegativity implies that the mechanism of adsorption of metal ions on MOFs is determined by the physicochemical properties of the ions themselves. The developed organometallic frame compounds can be effectively used in technologies for purification of water resources from toxic heavy metal ions.

Production of active chlorine and sodium hypochlorite in a closed electrolyser

Today, in the conditions of warfare, there is constant local pollution of the environment due to the use of explosives, fires, spillage of fuel and lubricants, etc. Every day, the danger increases when the water drainage systems of various enterprises are damaged, such as mining enterprises, facilities of the energy, metallurgy, chemical, petrochemical industries, sludge storage facilities for highly toxic waste. Next to this, there is a growing problem of highly efficient purification of water, primarily drinking water. As a result of the destruction of the Kakhovsky reservoir in 2023, the problem of disposal of mine waters, which are characterized by a high level of mineralization, a significant content of iron, manganese and other toxicants, has sharply worsened. In this case, there are no water resources for diluting mine waters before their discharge. Despite a significant number of developments in the field of water quality control and water purification technologies, a number of problems in this direction remain unresolved. Existing technologies are ineffective when the levels of mineralization and water hardness are exceeded. We are talking about the southern regions of our country and Donbas. In Mykolaiv, after the aggressor reduced the water intake on the Dnieper, the centralized water supply system supplies brackish water from the estuary. It is known that concentrated salt solutions, which are formed and are still present next to the problems described above, are practically not processed. In most cases, they are dumped into the surface reservoirs of the surrounding natural environment, which significantly worsens the state of water ecosystems of Ukraine. The situation is worsened by the fact that a significant part of mine water suitable for use, due to the problem of disposal of concentrates, is not used, but is discharged into the environment after dilution, or even without dilution and purification, since there is simply no resource for dilution in today's realities. That is why, the problem of processing concentrates of baromembrane purification with obtaining secondary useful products was the aim of the research of this work.

Combined Catalytic Conversion of NOx and VOCs: Present Status and Prospects

This article presents a comprehensive examination of the combined catalytic conversion technology for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are the primary factors contributing to the formation of photochemical smog, ozone, and PM2.5. These pollutants present a significant threat to air quality and human health. The article examines the reaction mechanism and interaction between photocatalytic technology and NH3-SCR catalytic oxidation technology, highlighting the limitations of the existing techniques, including catalyst deactivation, selectivity issues, regeneration methods, and the environmental impacts of catalysts. Furthermore, the article anticipates prospective avenues for research, underscoring the necessity for the development of bifunctional catalysts capable of concurrently transforming NOx and VOCs across a broad temperature spectrum. The review encompasses a multitude of integrated catalytic techniques, including selective catalytic reduction (SCR), photocatalytic oxidation, low-temperature plasma catalytic technology, and biological purification technology. The article highlights the necessity for further research into catalyst design principles, structure–activity relationships, and performance evaluations in real industrial environments. This research is required to develop more efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly waste gas treatment technologies. The article concludes by outlining the importance of collaborative management strategies for VOC and NOx emissions and the potential of combined catalytic conversion technology in achieving these goals.

Addressing the Challenges of Economic Water Scarcity in Kenya: Multi-Barrier and Multilateral Integrated Approach Systems for Sustainable Access to Safe Drinking Water A Review

Accessibility to clean drinking water is essential to the quality of life of all humans. Water is also important in national development of a country. Kenya is faced with both physical water scarcity and economic water scarcity. Physical water scarcity is due to increased water demand, limited supply of water and low rainfall whereas economic water scarcity is due to lack of sufficient financial capability to support water infrastructure. Depending on the water use, there are various techniques available for removal of harmful bacteria, water softening and removing organic particulates and other contaminants from drinking water. They range from simple to sophisticated technologies. This review focused on the economic water scarcity in Kenya which is a developing country. Aspects reviewed included: water poverty index and effects of economic water scarcity. The review methodology tool used was the water poverty index assessment tool (WPI) at which elemental parameters related to water were identified and discussed. The outcome of this research was expected to contribute in the development of affordable and sustainable purification technologies and policies that can be used to deliver safe and clean drinking water. The assessment using the Water Poverty Index (WPI) found Kenya&amp;rsquo;s WPI to be low in the range of 38-45 %, which is characterised as being severe in regard to the global water stress. Kenya&amp;rsquo;s safe yield of surface water resources and ground water was estimated to be 7.4 BCM per annum and 1.0 BCM per annum respectively. Water abstractions is estimated at 1.6 BCM per annum representing 13-19% of the available water. Challenges identified include: undeveloped water resources, low financial and institutional capacity, limited access and increased demand of water in agricultural activities such as irrigation with a declining total annual renewable water per capita in the last 50 years. Recommendations proposed as solutions that can be adopted to address economic water scarcity and consequently water stress in Kenya, include exploring sustainable low-cost purification technologies, adopting multi-barrier integrated approach system and the use of multilateral economic groups support to address economic water scarcity.

On the cementation purification of zinc solutions

The article focuses on researching the technology of cementation purification of zinc sulfate solutions from impurities that adversely affect the electrolysis of zinc. The purpose of this work is to explore new approaches for deep cementation purification of solutions, aimed at reducing the consumption of zinc dust and activating additives (antimony and copper compounds) in the technological process, while improving the quality of the purified solution by decreasing the content of cobalt, nickel, and cadmium in the solution supplied for zinc electrolysis. In this study, a new technology for the cementation purification of industrial solutions was developed, which includes the following stages of impurity removal using zinc dust: preliminary purification stage to remove copper to a concentration of 90–110 mg/L; co-precipitation of copper, cadmium, cobalt, and nickel with the addition of antimony trioxide; deep purification of the solutions from all impurities remaining after the first stage. The purification process was conducted under the following conditions: the preliminary deposition took place at a temperature of 50 °C, with a duration of 30 min and a zinc dust consumption of 0.2–0.4 g/L; the first purification stage occurred at a temperature of 80 °C, for a duration of 1 h, with a zinc dust consumption of 2–3 g/L, and an antimony dosage of 3–6 mg/L; the second purification stage was carried out at a temperature of 75–80 °C, for a duration of 1 h, with a zinc dust consumption of 2–3 g/L, and dosages of copper sulfate and antimony at 50 mg/L and 2–3 mg/L, respectively.

An efficient process for decomposing perfluorinated compounds by reactive species during microwave discharge in liquid

Microwave discharge plasma in liquid (MDPL) is a new type of water purification technology with a high mass transfer efficiency. It is a kind of low-temperature plasma technology. The reactive species produced by the discharge can efficiently act on the pollutants. To clarify the application prospects of MDPL in water treatment, the discharge performance, practical application, and pollutant degradation mechanism of MDPL were studied in this work. The effects of power, conductivity, pH, and Fe2+ concentration on the amount of reactive species produced by the discharge were explored. The most common and refractory perfluorinated compounds (perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in water environments are degraded by MDPL technology. The highest defluorination of PFOA was 98.8% and the highest defluorination of PFOS was 92.7%. The energy consumption efficiency of 50% defluorination (G50-F) of PFOA degraded by MDPL is 78.43 mg/kWh, PFOS is 42.19 mg/kWh. The results show that the MDPL technology is more efficient and cleaner for the degradation of perfluorinated compounds. Finally, the reaction path and pollutant degradation mechanisms of MDPL production were analyzed. The results showed that MDPL technology can produce a variety of reactive species and has a good treatment effect for refractory perfluorinated pollutants.

Occupational health of drilling waste workers as related to microbial exposure and waste treatment methods.

Exposure to microorganisms is a known contributor to occupational disease. This study assessed drilling waste workers' health status and investigated the potential of inhalable bioaerosols to elicit an immune response in vitro and in vivo. Venous blood and self-reported health data were collected from 56 and 73 Norwegian drilling waste workers, respectively. Immunological effects were assessed as Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation potential of personal air samples in vitro and biomarker expression in workers' plasma samples in vivo. Parameters, such as BMI, sex, and smoking habits, were considered along with factors such as purification technology of drilling waste when biomarker expression was interpreted. Symptom prevalence among exposed workers was compared to an unexposed control group. Personal air samples activated TLR signalling in vitro in 90% of all cases. The activation potential correlated significantly with work exposure to microbial agents and total dust. Significant differences in biomarker expression and symptom prevalence were identified between purification technologies and exposure groups. Drilling waste workers had significantly increased OR of skin irritation and respiratory symptoms compared to the control group. Exposure to microorganisms during the treatment of offshore drilling waste is an occupational health concern.

Bibliometric analysis and systematic review on the electrokinetic remediation of contaminated soil and sediment.

Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) is a proficient, environmentally friendly separation technology for in-situ removal of contaminants in soil/sediment, distinguished for its ease of implementation and minimal prerequisites compared to other remediation technologies. To comprehensively understand the research focus and progress related to EKR of contaminated soil/sediment, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on 1593 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. This analysis utilized data mining and knowledge discovery techniques through Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. The results revealed a rising trend in annual publication numbers, with China leading in the number of publications. The primary journals in this field included the Journal of Hazardous Materials, Chemosphere, and Separation and Purification Technology. The primary disciplines contributed to this field included "Environmental Sciences", "Engineering, Environmental", "Engineering, Chemical", and "Electrochemistry". Keyword co-occurrence and burst analysis indicated that current EKR-related research mainly focuses on the remediation of soil/sediments contaminated by heavy metals (HMs) and organic pollutants (OPs). Furthermore, the EKR remediation improvement method emerged as the prevailing and future research hotspots and development directions. Future research could integrate numerical simulations and various methodologies to predict and assess the migration of pollutants and the efficiency of remediation efforts. Additionally, these studies could explore the effects of EKR on the physicochemical properties and microbial diversity of soil/sediment to provide a theoretical foundation for applying EKR in soil/sediment remediation.

Comparative Analysis and Kinetic Modeling of Marbofloxacin Degradation via Electro-Fenton and Biodegradation Optimization

In the quest for sustainable water purification methods, electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) emerge as pivotal strategies against organic pollutants. This study delves into the efficacy of the Electro-Fenton process, a distinguished AOP that leverages the in-situ generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) via the electrochemical reduction of oxygen. By conducting systematic experiments in deionized water, we evaluate the influence of catalyst concentration, applied current density, and cathode material selection on the degradation kinetics of marbofloxacin – a model pharmaceutical pollutant. Employing advanced statistical and kinetic modeling, our investigation reveals critical insights into the process dynamics, uncovering the nuanced interplay between operational parameters and degradation efficiency. The findings substantiate the Electro-Fenton process as an environmentally advantageous and effective solution for water decontamination and advancing the field of water purification technology.

The safety and efficacy of regional citrate anticoagulation for multiple consecutive therapeutic plasma exchanges with fresh frozen plasma as a replacement solution.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an important blood purification technology and most patients require multiple consecutive TPEs. Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) could be used for membrane therapeutic plasma exchange (mTPE). However, there is no research on the metabolic complications of the RCA for patients receiving multiple consecutive mTPEs with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) as a replacement solution. We retrospectively included patients who used RCA for multiple consecutive mTPEs with FFP as a replacement solution in Xijing Hospital from 2020 to 2022. We collected blood gas analysis and electrolyte results before and after mTPE treatment and analysed the anticoagulation effectiveness and metabolic complications of the RCA. A total of 33 patients who underwent 131 mTPE sessions were included, and 129 (98.5%) sessions were successfully completed. Severe hypocalcemia (19.1%) and metabolic alkalosis (58.5%) were frequently observed. In single mTPE sessions, there was a significant decrease in ionized calcium levels and significant increases in serum sodium, potassium, pH, bicarbonate, and base excess (BE) levels compared to pretreatment values. When comparing the values after the last treatment to the baseline values in all 33 patients, the serum sodium, pH, bicarbonate, and BE levels increased significantly, while the ionized calcium decreased significantly. The levels of pH, bicarbonate, and BE increased with the number of mTPE sessions, and the cumulative incidence of metabolic alkalosis reached 95.2% after the fifth treatment according to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RCA is an effective anticoagulation method for patients undergoing mTPE with FFP as a replacement solution. However, the metabolic complications associated with RCA, especially hypocalcemia and metabolic alkalosis, frequently develop in patients who undergo multiple consecutive mTPEs with FFP.

New insights into residual triiodide ion removal from iodinated water using magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles: exploring adsorption behavior and mechanisms.

This study evaluates the adsorption performance of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4)-based magnetic nanoadsorbents (CF-MagNa) for the removal of triiodide ions ( ) from iodinated water. The crystalline structure and phase purity of the synthesized material were confirmed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), which determined a crystallite size of 42 nm and a specific surface area of 26.98 m2/g. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a porous morphology conducive to enhanced adsorption. The ferromagnetic properties of CF-MagNa were characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), which demonstrated a saturation magnetization (σs) of 74.98 emu/g, a remanent magnetization (σr) of 29.82 emu/g, and a coercivity (Hc) of 1304 Oe, significant magnetic separation potential. Batch adsorption experiments revealed a 61.6% reduction in concentration at a CF-MagNa dosage of 2 mg/mL. Adsorption isotherms were analyzed, with the Langmuir model yielding a maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 13.641 mg/g and a Langmuir constant (KL) of 0.00996 L/mg. The Freundlich model provided a capacity factor (KF) of 1.892 mg/g and a heterogeneity factor (nF) of 1.805 L/mg, while the Temkin model yielded a heat of adsorption (B) of 3.404 J/mol and a Temkin constant (KT) of 0.743 L/g. The Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm demonstrated the highest correlation (R2 = 0.97), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 8.28 mg/g. These results highlight CF-MagNa's efficacy as a potential adsorbent for water treatment, with promising applications in environmental remediation and sustainable water purification technologies.