Development Of Technological Entrepreneurship Research Articles

Роль технологического предпринимательства в сфере промышленности в современных условиях

Introduction. The competitiveness of industry in modern conditions is carried out through scientific and technological development. High-tech companies play a key role in solving the main tasks of increasing the competitiveness of Russian economy in accordance with global challenges and priorities of Russia’s scientific and technological development. Theoretical analysis. High-tech production, Industry 4.0 technologies and technological entrepreneurship in modern economy are the main actors in achieving technological sovereignty, the transition to economic growth and technological support for the sustainable development of Russian production systems. The article examines the role of technological entrepreneurship in the transition of industrial enterprises to Industry 4.0 technologies. Empirical analysis. An innovative development dynamics analysis in Russia and foreign countries is carried out, a startup studio is considered as a tool for the development of technological entrepreneurship, as well as the practice of its implementation in Russia and the USA. Results. Based on the results of the study, a number of proposals for the development of technological entrepreneurship in the small and medium-sized enterprise industry sector were formulated and justified.

ОБЗОР ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ПОДДЕРЖКИ УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Ncreasing the country’s innovative potential in the context of the need to ensure technological sovereignty is becoming one of the most important tasks in the development of the national economy. In this regard, stimulating the innovative activity of young people and involving universities into the development of technological entrepreneurship seems to be a relevant area of research. This article provides an overview of modern tools for supporting project teams that are used by universities to unlock youth entrepreneurial potential.

Technologies as a Source of State Management of Technological Development in the Context of Digital Transformation

Relevance. In modern conditions, there is a significant transformation of the business sector. Technological development becomes the driving force of economic growth and the object of the country's strategic development, since technological enterprises form the basis of technological development. Currently, there are several types of entrepreneurial structures that take place in the modern economy: technological entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship of digital technologies; digital business. In modern conditions, scientific and technological progress is accelerating at a double rate, as the information space is expanding both inside and outside the country. The development of technological entrepreneurship requires a developed innovation ecosystem that creates favorable conditions for the creation of advanced technologies and technological solutions. Modern entrepreneurship is developing in various directions, based on advanced technologies and digital transformation. Despite the rapid technological growth of Russian companies, there are a number of problems hindering further development. However, in the current conditions of sanctions pressure and a complex geopolitical situation, the technology sphere on the Russian territory is waiting for big changes in terms of infrastructure and institutional issues, which determines the relevance of the scientific research presented in this paper. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the role of public administration in innovation and technological development. Objectives: to consider the mechanism of state regulation and state support for technological entrepreneurship and to analyze the current state of innovation and technological development. Methodology. The study is based on a review of the works of domestic economists, the study of the regulatory framework on the research topic and the analysis of statistical data. Results. In the course of the work, the current state of the technological development of the Russian Federation was analyzed, the key indicators of innovative and technological development were analyzed, the main problems and features of technological entrepreneurship at the present stage were characterized, the legal framework for technological development, which forms the structure and principles of the functioning of the technology market, was considered. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that in the near future the state is waiting for the development of the domestic technology market, which contributes to technological development.

Essential aspects of unit economics and its application in project activities

Subject. The concepts of unit economics are increasingly becoming part of economic practice. This is primarily due to the development of technological entrepreneurship, which is encouraged at the State level. However, in domestic economic science, there is still no consensus on what exactly is unit economics, its boundaries, methods, and specifics of application. Objectives. The article aims to consider unit economics from the standpoint of theoretical and methodological approach in relation to its use in project activities, rather than in terms of the general economic analysis. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis, synthesis, logical-epistemological and logical analysis, induction and deduction. Results. The paper offers definitions of unit economics in broad and narrow senses, takes steps to reveal the methodological essence of this approach, considers the most popular concepts of unit economics, defines reasons for its extension in Russia, barriers and prospects. The findings can be useful for the unit economics concept development, its formalization. The proposed classification features can help develop express analysis tools. The main areas of application include economic analysis, project activity, evaluation of investment project efficiency. Conclusions. Unit economics as a direction within the framework of economic analysis has not been fully formed. The unit-calculation toolkit is practice-oriented, which is an additional institutional barrier to its adoption by the economic scientific community. The development of unit-tools, application in project activities, and introduction into the system of higher education in the training of economists are inevitable.

Problems and prospects of the technological entrepreneurship: experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Today, in order to develop the innovation and technology sector in Kazakhstan, work is underway to create favorable conditions for the development of technological entrepreneurship. The development of technopreneurship implies the existence an effective national innovation system transforming new knowledge into new technologies, products, and services. The volume of innovative products is declining; one of the main reasons is the lack of connection between science and production. Innovative entrepreneurship is underdeveloped, hence technological entrepreneurship is underdeveloped. Innovative passivity is 89.5% that is the result of internal and external factors. In the scientific community, most studies focus on external factors, but in this study, the authors recommend paying attention to the importance of in-depth study of internal factors (personal experience and cultural characteristics). The purpose of the scientific article is to identify problems and prospects for the development of technological entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To conduct the study, the authors used the method of descriptive statistics, based on data from the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors applied basic statistical procedures for data analysis, analysis of basic statistics and logical analysis. The key aspects of the development of technological entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan, highlighted by the authors, are the development of innovative ties, the knowledge economy and high-tech production. Thus, the article analyzes the level of development and factors hindering the development of technological entrepreneurship and offers recommendations that contribute to their minimization.

The role of universities in the development of technological entrepreneurship and innovation

The present paper endeavours to explore the leading role of universities in fostering the development of technological entrepreneurship and innovation with particular emphasis on the factors that are likely to have a marked effect on their advancement. The paper addresses more specifically the model for promotion of technological entrepreneurship and innovation in Sakarya region, R. Turkey. Subsequent to the conducted research study, a set of recommendations is proposed for enhancing the vital role of universities in the development of technological entrepreneurship and innovation.

Regional ecosystem of technological entrepreneurship: Model and methodology for assessing performance (the case of the Novgorod region)

The article proposes a model of a multi-level regional ecosystem of technological entrepreneurship and a methodology for assessing its effectiveness. The problems of innovative development of high-tech industries are significant, but only a small part of first-time entrepreneurs associate their businesses with high technology. In Russia, only 3% of startups emerge at universities. The most favorable environment for the development of technological entrepreneurship is entrepreneurial ecosystems covering university, regional and sectoral levels. The article focuses on the formation of technological entrepreneurship ecosystems in the regions that generate business projects with a high potential for market success. Using the ecosystem approach, the theory of entrepreneurship, the structural and functional typology of economic systems, the study discusses a methodical approach to the creation and development of regional ecosystems of student technological entrepreneurship. The paper shows the object, project, process, and environmental elements of the regional ecosystem of student technological entrepreneurship. Methodology for assessment of the performance of regional ecosystems of student technological entrepreneurship is proposed, including assessment at the level of university (the effectiveness of educational technologies, programs, climate, and infrastructure), industry and the region. The results are significant for the formation of an optimally functioning economy in the current conditions, the acceleration of import substitution, and the achievement of the country's technological sovereignty.

Global Trend of Acceleration by Startups Innovative Changes in Industry 4.0

Problem setting. The question of the role and importance of startups in the processes of Industry 4.0 is gaining special weight in relation to the level of costs and the effectiveness of the changes that may occur. The problem lies in the development of technological entrepreneurship through startup activity and its impact on progress in Industry 4.0. Analysis of recent researches and publications. An in-depth study of many components of Industry 4.0 was conducted by A. V. Sheer, who determined that academic research is considered the most flexible in the development of startups, S. V. Voitko revealed the evolution of management theories in the context of Industry 4.0, provided the features of innovation management and the implementation of startups in Industry 4.0 , O. E. Kofanov claims that certain opportunities for the development of innovative entrepreneurship and startups in Ukraine are provided, in particular, by the gradual transformation of production processes under the influence of the concepts of “Industry 4.0” and the knowledge economy. Target of the research is development of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for determining the role and importance of startups in Industry 4.0. Article’s main body. A significant characteristic of the changes taking place under the influence of Industry 4.0 is a reduction in the cost of communication, an increase in the efficiency of logistics and marketing, the introduction of innovative technologies and the opening of new sales markets for business entities. To solve the problem of introducing innovations in the conditions of Industry 4.0, the Google Trends search service was used, which provides statistics of interest in the topic of startups and Industry 4.0 at the same time. In the article, a search query was made in Google Trends for the topics “startup” and “Industry 4.0” for the time period of the last 12 months (as of June 30, April 2022) all over the world and Ukraine, with the selection of the average level of interest, as well as the priority region by which you can to measure the relationship between startups and Industry 4.0 topics. The average level of interest in the topic of startups in the world is much higher than in the topic of Industry 4.0, while in Ukraine interest in startups is still high, but lower than in the world. European Slovakia is singled out among the Asian leaders. Israel is an example of a fast-paced startup movement operating in the Industry 4.0 ecosystem. For the national level in Ukraine, it is necessary to stimulate the development of technological startups in parallel with the creation of the Industry 4.0 ecosystem itself, which will be able to support them. For this, international experience should be used, as well as the best system integrators to establish, in particular, the priority of actions. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The conducted studies showed an insufficient level of awareness and interest in the topic of startups and Industry 4.0 technologies in the world. The proposal is to prioritize change in those industries that will have the greatest demand in both the wartime and postwar economy, which can be done with Google’s tools to reduce the cost of information resources to accelerate transformational change.

The Impact of Sci-Tech Finance on Technology Entrepreneurship: Empirical Evidence from China

Based on provincial panel data from 2010-2019, this paper uses the entropy method to measure the development level of technology entrepreneurship in China and then empirically analyzes the effect of sci-tech finance on technology entrepreneurship. The results show that, nationwide, only bank lending has a positive effect on technology entrepreneurship among the different sci-tech finance indicators, and government and enterprise R&D spending has a negative impact. Meanwhile, there is regional heterogeneity in the effect of sci-tech finance on entrepreneurship in the technology sector. Both banks and venture capital have significant positive effects on technology entrepreneurship in areas with high levels of technology entrepreneurship development, while venture capital does not have significant effects in areas where technology entrepreneurship is developing at medium and low levels. The impact of government investment in science and technology and corporate investment in research and development on technology entrepreneurship is either negative or negligible. Finally, the paper offers some suggestions based on empirical findings.

Characteristics and Challenge Faced By Socio-Technopreneur in Indonesia

Nowadays socio-technopreneurship as emerging trend among start-ups. The Covid-19 pandemic could be a factor in increasing the total number of socio-technopreneurs in Indonesia. The qualitative method was applied in this study. The descriptive analysis research method was used to collect data, conduct interviews with founder, CEO and business manager, and gather evidence. The study's objectives are to define the character of a socio-technopreneur and to analyze the obstacles and challenges that socio-technopreneurs face in Indonesia. The results show the character of a socio-technopreneur as (1) collaborative, (2) concerned with a social mission, (3) have creative and innovative ideas, (4) confident, (5) dare to take risks and challenges, (6) have a leadership spirit, (7) optimism, and (8) adopt with digital/technology. Some tenants, who are MSMEs or farmers, have difficulties or are unfamiliar with the system or procedure, even after it has been demonstrated to them. Second, the use of technology or digital marketing by socio-technopreneurs creates opportunities for a larger market. In the middle of today's challenges, there are several opportunities for people to improve their wealth by becoming entrepreneurs who shift into socio-technopreneurs. Socio-technopreneurship is a critical aspect in the growth of the Indonesian economy, particularly the local economy. The growth of socio-technopreneurship based on social mission and technology adoption can accelerate the development of technological entrepreneurship, reduce social issues, create new jobs, contribute to technology transfer and innovation, and strengthen national economic growth. Keywords: entrepreneurship, local economy, social, start-up, technology

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ЗНАЧИМОСТИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА ДЛЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН

Today technological development is recognized as one of the key factors in increasing the competitiveness of national economies. In this direction, an active scientific search is being carried out both to identify the significance of the technological entrepreneurship phenomenon for innovative ecosystems, and to develop effective mechanisms for its development. This article is the contribution of the authors to the solution of the first scientific problem. The review of the literature on the Republic of Kazakhstan innovative development showed that the existing works either do not cover the significance of technological entrepreneurship for the current stage of economic development, or the studies are focused only on certain aspects of innovative activity. Therefore, a study is required to assess the dynamics and current state of innovation activity in the country and the prospects for the technological entrepreneurship development. In accordance with this goal, official statistical data were collected for the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2010–2020, characterizing the level of innovative development of the economy in accordance with the Oslo Manual’s requirements. The compiled time series of data were analyzed through an assessment of the dynamics of changes and compared with similar data from the countries of the European Union. As a result, it was found that in terms of innovative development the Republic of Kazakhstan lags far behind the leading EU countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy) and is at a similar level with such countries as Lithuania, Cyprus, and Malta. For each indicator of innovative activity, the significance of the development of technological entrepreneurship was substantiated from the point of view of realizing the economic and innovative potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study results contribute to the understanding of the strategic opportunities for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan and can be considered both as an achieved result and as a reference point for future measures to stimulate technological innovation.

Exploring Critical Factors for Academic Start-ups towards the Development of Technological Entrepreneurship: Preliminary Research Findings

Exploring Critical Factors for Academic Start-ups towards the Development of Technological Entrepreneurship: Preliminary Research Findings

Развитие академического технологического предпринимательства в России

Technology entrepreneurs play a critical role in modern models of economic growth. At the same time, the features and development trajectories of technological entrepreneurship and gazelle firms in Russia differ from countries with mature market economies. The purpose of the article is to assess the state of academic technology entrepreneurship in Russian universities and to develop recommendations for its development. The methods of two-dimensional classification of universities according to two indicators of technological entrepreneurship development, correlation analysis, assessment of intergroup differences according to the Mann-Whitney U-criterion, qualitative analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystems in universities, methods of constructing algorithms were used. As a result, it was found that the number of start-ups and the likelihood of receiving commercial funding are practically not correlated. There is a group of universities that are not among the largest metropolitan universities, but have a high proportion of entrepreneurial projects that have successfully passed the seed stage and received commercial funding (business angel, venture fund). These top performing universities are distinguished not only by their innovative infrastructure, but also by a wide variety of community centers. Taking into account the results obtained an algorithm for the development of academic technological entrepreneurship on the basis of the university as an innovation hub has been developed. Its important elements are: pre-active marketing of scientific research groundwork, development of the social capital of the ecosystem, and collaboration practices. The results may be of interest to technology entrepreneurs themselves, as well as to universities interested in the development of academic entrepreneurship.

Creating Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Higher Education Institutes: A Case Study

As of late, technological innovation and entrepreneurship have been underlined in engineering education. There is a need to all the more likely comprehend which individual and contextual level factors are identified with engineering students' innovative goals. The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development Centre (IEDC) at Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education was established as an initiative of the National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board (NSTEDB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi to create an entrepreneurial culture and foster growth of innovation and entrepreneurship amongst the faculty and students. This centre has designed innovative and systematic strategies to train the students from the beginning and take them through the journey of becoming a confident and successful entrepreneur. Every year this centre is providing financial support to several students to the tune of 15 lakhs per project for developing innovative products supported under the various schemes of the Government of India such as DST start-up, MSME, and so on. Apart from the financial support, mentoring and infrastructural support for these projects are also extended. The centre also arranges various activities and awareness camps related to Entrepreneurship, Technology-based Innovation, and Idea to Product contests for the students throughout as they move from the first year to the fourth year of their study. As an outcome of all these the students have started 10 start-up companies in the last three years and started generating revenue income. Moreover, these companies have created job opportunities for various job seekers. IEDC has also supported Start-up companies by providing the proper office set-up with the necessary infrastructure. Therefore, the students become entrepreneurs and give a job to another Student. Apart from the Financial Grants from the Government of India, the IEDC centre helps in getting loans from banks to establish their companies in a large set-up. And also, this Centre with students and entrepreneurs for their better living. The proposed framework reacts adequately to the rising difficulties and openings both at national and worldwide dimensions identifying with Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). It will be accomplished by checking out the design challenge, orientation and awareness programs, workshops, and transient courses to support undergraduate students to progress toward becoming trendsetters and business visionaries.

Специфика развития технологического предпринимательства: анализ зарубежных практик

In economic science, the importance of researching technological entrepreneurship, its contribution to the economic development of the territory, is increasing. According to the statistics of the international indexed databases Scopus and WOS, the publication activity of researchers studying the issues of technology entrepreneurship in the economic direction increased by 111.5% and 122%, respectively. Thus, the issue of studying the specifics of the development of technological entrepreneurship is relevant. At the same time, the study of the experience of foreign countries, where significant attention is paid to the development of technological entrepreneurship, both at the state level and in the commercial sector, is of particular importance for domestic practice.
 The purpose of the study is to prove, based on the study of foreign experience, the prospects for the development of technological entrepreneurship as a tool for accelerated economic growth and a way to attract investment for the development of a territory.
 The article examines foreign experience in the development of technological entrepreneurship. The analysis of foreign cases of technological entrepreneurship development is presented. On the basis of the analysis, the directions of technological entrepreneurship in foreign countries are systematized. Successful cases of technological entrepreneurship have been researched and systematized. The main characteristics of technology entrepreneurship abroad are identified based on the consideration of specific practical cases, which is especially important from the point of view of evidence of the effectiveness of this tool in managing the development of technological entrepreneurship.
 The research materials will be useful for scientists and specialists to study the experience of foreign and cases on technological entrepreneurship, and can also be used by government and administrative bodies at the federal and regional levels in the development of target-oriented documents in the field of SME development and management of socio-economic development in general.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА

The development of technological entrepreneurship is a necessary condition for maintaining the technological leadership of our country. Therefore, this article is devoted to the analysis of conditions, forms and measures of state support for technological entrepreneurship using an institutional approach. The adopted regulatory documents, forms of innovative infrastructure, tax regulation measures, financial support institutions, as well as the effectiveness of all these measures for the period from 2005 to 2019 are consistently analyzed. Along with successful experience in the development of small innovative enterprises in universities, in technology parks, in the Skolkovo technological valley, the study notes that technological entrepreneurship has not been widely developed. Universities are not interested in creating small innovative enterprises, since their activity is evaluated by the number of articles. Weakly developed and not provided by the specialists of the technology transfer. At the early and advanced stages of a high-tech startup, the development barrier is a condition on the part of funding funds - the need to attract an equal share of private investment. Separate proposals for the activation of technology startups and technology transfer are given.

Regional Entrepreneurship Support Infrastructure: Volgograd Region Case Study

In the paper, the complex analysis of the regional infrastructure of support of technological entrepreneurship of the Volgograd region, based on the statistical data reflecting the activity of enterprise structures is carried out. The scientific relevance of this research is related to the fact that technological entrepreneurship is a new type of enterprise that meets the requirements of the postindustrial period. The functioning of this type of entrepreneurship is based on a high-tech or knowledge-intensive idea, which contributes to the development of the environment. According to the results of the analysis, the main drawbacks of the regional infrastructure of support of technological entrepreneurship of the Volgograd region, which create barriers in the development of technological entrepreneurship. Based on the identified problems, measures have been developed to overcome them.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА РОССИИ: ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЙ АСПЕКТ

The development of technological entrepreneurship is necessary since new technologies and the level of knowledge are the factors determining the macroeconomic indicators, along with capital and labor. It is essential to identify the effectiveness of the development of technological entrepreneurship as an institution that transforms the research, development, and intellectual property into ready-made advanced production technologies. The paper studies the interrelation between the resources available to technological entrepreneurship (the level of costs for research and development, intellectual property) and the results in the form of the creation of new technologies. The author carried out the analysis at the national and regional levels. For this reason, two new indicators are calculated: the ratio of the number of patents for inventions to the number of the developed advanced production technologies; the ratio of the number of the developed advanced production technologies to the internal costs of research and development. At the national level, the author studied the change in these indicators for 2000–2018, determined trends and dynamics peculiarities. The study identified the influence of changes in the methodology of statistical accounting in 2011–2012 on assessing technological entrepreneurship efficiency. At the regional level, the author studied the variants of indicators of the effectiveness of technological entrepreneurship development, evaluated the nature of the distribution, and concluded on the degree of regional asymmetry. The paper includes the analytical grouping of Russian regions by the effectiveness of technological entrepreneurship development and its use of the resources of the national innovation system. The key features of the national dynamics of technological entrepreneurship efficiency are the improvement of the efficiency of the usage of intellectual property (patents) in general over the period and the unstable nature of this indicator in the last 5–7 years. At the regional level, the author noted a right-sided asymmetry in the distribution of both indicators and identified the regions with the highest and lowest efficiency of technological entrepreneurship development. The study showed that technological entrepreneurship efficiency does not always coincide with the positions of a region in the innovative development ratings.

ВАРИАНТЫ РАЗРАБОТКИ ПРОГРАММЫ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В ЦЕЛЯХ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ МОРДОВИЯ

The article presents the results of the study of the problems of the development of the innovation infrastructure of the region and the development of the corresponding regional program. The main problems of innovation activity at the regional level are systematized and the possibilities of their solution through the development of regional innovation infrastructure are identified. On the example of the Republic of Mordovia, the possibilities of applying an integrated approach to the development of the Innovation Infrastructure Development Program in order to increase the competitiveness of the regional economy as a whole are substantiated. Variants of the Program development based on the structuring of its activities according to the main subsystems of the innovation infrastructure and depending on the compliance of the activity profile (“affiliation”) of its organizations with specific stages of the innovation process and processes supporting it are proposed. Examples of project activities of the Program for the development of technological entrepreneurship of the residents of the business incubator and the creation of an innovative databank of the Republic of Moldova are presented as the basis for the formation of a regional Technology Transfer Center. It is concluded that the proposed approach can be applied to the development of the Innovation Infrastructure Development Program in other regions with similar innovative and other parameters of activity.

Formation of Innovative Strategies of Regional Economic Development

The new contours of innovative development of economic systems associated with the appearance of network models of innovation and new types of innovation: social, sustainable, user and inclusive,  differ from the traditional approach to the functioning of the raw material model of the economy. The role and place of innovation infrastructure of economic systems in the development of national innovation systems remains paramount.  In this research, the essence of the definition of "innovation infrastructure" in relation to economic systems is supplemented and expanded. In doing so, it specifies the factors providing the formation of the infrastructure of innovative activity of the economic systems which have an impact on the innovativeness of elements of economic systems at the micro-, meso- and macro level. The subject-object structure of information infrastructure of innovative activity of economic systems including business environment, innovative environment, information environment and communication environment is proposed. In addition, it also proposes the model of development of infrastructure of innovative activity focused on technological innovations on the basis of implementation of technological platforms. The worked out model of development of technological infrastructure of innovative activity of the economic system (macro level) contains the directions of transformation of the meso- and micro level where a special role is assigned to the creation of free economic zones which contribute to the development of new forms of interaction of the R&D sector with the real sector of the economy, which will increase the susceptibility of the economic system of Russia and society as a whole to innovation and lead to the development of technological entrepreneurship and the formation of an innovative economy of a new type.