Engineering Department Research Articles

Preface: 7th Astechnova International Energy Conference (ASTECHNOVA 2023)

Abstract Astechnova International Energy Conference (ASTECHNOVA) is an international conference that is annually organized by the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. This 7th ASTECHNOVA was held on October 4-5, 2023. This conference provides an ideal platform for researchers, academicians, engineers, politicians, economists, energy enthusiasts, energy planners, and energy analysts, to share the recent research and development in the energy science discipline from various perspectives: New and Renewable Energies, Nuclear Technology, Energy Securities, Energy Efficiency, and Urban Infrastructure and Utilities The conference was attended by approximately 300 participants from various universities and institutions in Kiribati, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Canada, the United States of America, Singapore, and Indonesia. The panel session of this conference includes one (1) keynote lecture and six (6) invited talks by the panel speakers from across the globe. As for the parallel session, oral presentations were delivered by the authors who submitted their research. In total, the ASTECHNOVA 2023 organizer accepted 64 paper submissions after being reviewed by distinguished experts in the field. The reviewing process has considerably reduced the number of published papers, but it also has raised the proceedings’ quality. Finally, we would like to thank all the participants, authors, panel speakers, reviewers, panel session moderators, parallel session chairs, steering committee, organizing committee, technical coordinators, and all other supporting staff for their tremendous support during this conference. Astechnova 2023 Editorial Team List of Committees are available in this Pdf.

Editorial

The IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering journal contains the peer-reviewed papers presented at the 10th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Structures - AMS 2024. The conference took place between 30.05 to 01.06 2024 at Timisoara, Romania and it was the tenth edition of the scientific event organized by the Department of Materials Engineering and Manufacturing and Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials from University Politehnica of Timisoara with the support of the Politehnica Foundation, Technical Sciences Academy of Romania and Romanian Academy - Timisoara Branch. Additionally, this tenth edition continues the tradition of previous AMS conferences by providing a platform for researchers, academic staff, young PhD students, and industrial partners to present their scientific achievements in the field of: - Advanced materials-amorphous, nano-structured materials, composites, cellular materials, biomaterials etc.; - Surface engineering; - Modern fabrication, additive manufacturing, joints and recycling technologies; - Materials damage under time-dependent-actions (fatigue, creep, impact, corrosion); - Computational techniques for advanced engineering materials and structures. We hope that our readers find this special issue both interesting and useful. Guest editors Prof. Viorel-Aurel ȘERBAN, University Politehnica of Timisoara, Romania Prof. Liviu MARȘAVINA, University Politehnica of Timisoara, Romania Prof. Ion-Dragoș UȚU, University Politehnica of Timisoara, Romania Assoc.Prof. Emanoil LINUL, University Politehnica of Timisoara, Romania

Preface

Recent advancements in Mechanical Engineering, particularly in areas such as thermo-fluids and system design, have spurred the need for comprehensive discussions on the development of associated sciences and their diverse applications worldwide. This initiative aimed to foster global awareness among researchers, including those who participated in our inaugural conference, ICTFSD 2022, and others from India and abroad eager to join our collaborative platform for exchanging ideas and showcasing local innovations. Thus, the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi (India) organized the 2nd International Conference on Thermo-Fluids and System Design (ICTFSD) 2024 on April 4-5, 2024. The conference convened experts from academic institutions, research organizations, industries, and policymakers to facilitate in-depth interactions. Keynote speakers from India, the US, and Europe delivered talks on various applications within these fields. The conference was heavily supported through financial assistance from the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India. Partial financial support was also received from private partners viz. ANSYS Inc., Entuple Technologies and COMSOL Multiphysics Pvt. Ltd. ICTFSD 2024 aimed to promote industry-relevant research in academic and research institutions, establishing networks for collaborative research and development. It identified emerging research areas while showcasing high-quality papers spanning both emerging and traditional fields. All conference papers underwent rigorous peer review by a technical committee, with select papers earmarked for publication in the Journal of Physics Conference Series, IOP Publications. The conference conveners and organizing secretaries, who also served as Editors of the Conference Series, extend gratitude to the Morressier team and the IOP publications team for helping us in the entire review and publication process. We especially acknowledge the valuable inputs of the expert reviewers for their pivotal role in quality check of the manuscripts. We would like to extend our sincere appreciation to all the conference sponsors, whose financial contributions were instrumental in making the event a success. Appreciation also goes to all researchers who contributed papers and participated in ICTFSD 2024, the eminent guests who took their valuable time to join us in the event, as well as to the faculty and staff of our department whose efforts ensured the conference’s success. Looking ahead, we envision continued success for the ICTFSD conference series. List of ICTFSD 2024 Organising Committee is available in this Pdf.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single Anonymous • Conference submission management system: Morressier • Number of submissions received: 25 • Number of submissions sent for review: 24 • Number of submissions accepted: 24 • Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 96 • Average number of reviews per paper: 1 • Total number of reviewers involved: 15 • Contact person for queries: Name: SAURAV CHAKRABORTY Email: sauravc.mech@bitmesra.ac.in Affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi - 835215, India

Rapid Screening of Traditional Rice Cultivars against Drought Using Tolerance Indices of Seedlings

Aim: To screen the traditional cultivars of rice based on the tolerance indices of seedling characteristics. Study Design: The experimental plan used was Complete Randomized Design with 59 treatments (genotypes) and two replications. Place of Study: P.G. Laboratory, Department of Seed Science and Technology, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar district, West Bengal, India. Methodology: Seedling was raised in glass in two sets- PEG-mediated drought and normal conditions. Results: All the seedling characters showed highly significant differences among the varieties, different culture conditions as well as interaction between varieties and environment. Most of the cultivars exhibited reduction in number of primary roots per plant, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight. Finally the cultivars were grouped under three categories- tolerant, semi-tolerant and susceptible based on mean tolerance index (MTI). The cultivars having ≥ 90.00, MTI Kashiya binni, Jhagri kartik and Garu Chakua were considered as tolerant. Among those three cultivars, Kashiya binni was found to be highly tolerant to drought as its MTI was ≥ 100.00 (114.96). Subsequently 22 cultivars were classified as semi-tolerant. In conclusion, the tolerance indices of seedling traits and subsequently the MTI can be used for rapid screening of rice genotypes for water stress.

Crothall Healthcare Clinical Engineering Information Technology at the University of Cincinnati Health

This article highlights the critical role of Crothall Healthcare’s clinical engineering information technology (CEIT) department in ensuring cybersecurity and efficiency in healthcare facilities focusing on its partnership with UCHealth in Cincinnati, Ohio. It underscores the importance of cybersecurity in healthcare, outlines CEIT’s responsibilities, and addresses the multifaceted challenges they encounter. CEIT’s work is essential in safeguarding patient safety and healthcare data integrity in an increasingly technology-driven healthcare landscape.

Characterization of population connectivity for enhanced cross-border surveillance of yellow fever at Mutukula and Namanga borders in Tanzania

IntroductionYellow fever (YF) remains a public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa and South America with an estimated 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths annually. Although the World Health Organization considers Tanzania as low risk for YF because no YF cases have been reported, the country remains at alert to importation of the virus due to ecological factors and high connectivity to high-risk YF areas in other countries. PurposeThis study aimed to identify points of interest with connectivity to high-risk YF areas to guide preparedness efforts in Tanzania. MethodsUsing the Population Connectivity Across Borders toolkit, the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences) in collaboration with the Tanzania Ministry of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented 12 focus group discussions with participatory mapping in two high-risk borders of Mutukula and Namanga. ResultsParticipants identified 147 and 90 points of interest with connectivity to YF risk areas in Kenya and Uganda, respectively. The identified locations are important for trade, fishing, pastoralism, tourism, health-seeking, agriculture, mining, religious activities, education, and cross-border marriages. ConclusionThe Tanzania Ministry of Health used the results to update cross-border surveillance and risk communication strategies and vaccination guidelines to prevent the importation of YF into Tanzania.

Global radiotherapy demands and corresponding radiotherapy-professional workforce requirements in 2022 and predicted to 2050: a population-based study.

Addressing the challenge of cancer control requires a comprehensive, integrated, and global health-system response. We aimed to estimate global radiotherapy demands and requirements for radiotherapy professionals from 2022 to 2050. We conducted a population-based study using data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2022 and predicted global radiotherapy demands and workforce requirements in 2050. We obtained incidence figures for 29 types of cancer across 183 countries and derived the cancer-specific radiotherapy use rate using the 2013 Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation model. We delineated the proportion of people with cancer who require radiotherapy and can be accommodated within the existing installed capacity, assuming an optimal use rate of 50% or 64%, in both 2022 and 2050. A use rate of 50% corresponds to the global average and a use rate of 64% considers potential re-treatment scenarios, as indicated by the 2013 Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CCORE) radiotherapy use rate model. We established specified requirements for teletherapy units at a ratio of 1:450 patients, for radiation oncologists at a ratio of 1:250 patients, for medical physicists at a ratio of 1:450 patients, and for radiation therapists at a ratio of 1:150 patients in all countries and consistently using these ratios. We collected current country-level data on the radiotherapy-professional workforce from national health reports, oncology societies, or other authorities from 32 countries. In 2022, there were an estimated 20·0 million new cancer diagnoses, with approximately 10·0 million new patients needing radiotherapy at an estimated use rate of 50% and 12·8 million at an estimated use rate of 64%. In 2050, GLOBOCAN 2022 data indicated 33·1 million new cancer diagnoses, with 16·5 million new patients needing radiotherapy at an estimated use rate of 50% and 21·2 million at an estimated use rate of 64%. These findings indicate an absolute increase of 8·4 million individuals requiring radiotherapy from 2022 to 2050 at an estimated use rate of 64%; at an estimated use rate of 50%, the absolute increase would be 6·5 million individuals. Asia was estimated to have the highest radiotherapy demand in 2050 (11 119 478 [52·6%] of 21 161 603 people with cancer), followed by Europe (3 564 316 [16·8%]), North America (2 546 826 [12·0%]), Latin America and the Caribbean (1 837 608 [8·7%]), Africa (1 799 348 [8·5%]), and Oceania (294 026 [1·4%]). We estimated that the global radiotherapy workforce in 2022 needed 51 111 radiation oncologists, 28 395 medical physicists, and 85 184 radiation therapists and 84 646 radiation oncologists, 47 026 medical physicists, and 141 077 radiation therapists in 2050. We estimated that the largest proportion of the radiotherapy workforce in 2050 would be in upper-middle-income countries (101 912 [38·8%] of 262 624 global radiotherapy professionals). Urgent strategies are required to empower the global health-care workforce and facilitate the fundamental human right of access to suitable health care. A collective effort with innovative and cost-contained health-care strategies from all stakeholders is warranted to enhance global accessibility to radiotherapy and address challenges in cancer care. China Medical Board Global Health Leadership Development Program, Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Fund, China Ministry of Science and Technology Department of International Cooperation High Level Cooperation and Exchange Projects, and Fudan University Office of Global Partnerships Key Projects Development Fund. For the Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish translations of the summary see Supplementary Materials section.

Optimisation of cryopreservation conditions, including storage duration and revival methods, for the viability of human primary cells

BackgroundCryopreservation is a crucial procedure for safeguarding cells or other biological constructs, showcasing considerable potential for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different cryopreservation conditions on human cells viability.MethodsA set of cryopreserved data from Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM) cell bank were analyse for cells attachment after 24 h being revived. The revived cells were analysed based on different cryopreservation conditions which includes cell types (skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts, respiratory epithelial, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC); cryo mediums (FBS + 10% DMSO; commercial medium); storage durations (0 to > 24 months) and locations (tank 1–2; box 1–5), and revival methods (direct; indirect methods). Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were then cultured, cryopreserved in different cryo mediums (HPL + 10% DMSO; FBS + 10% DMSO; Cryostor) and stored for 1 and 3 months. The HDFs were revived using either direct or indirect method and cell number, viability and protein expression analysis were compared.ResultsIn the analysis cell cryopreserved data; fibroblast cells; FBS + 10% DMSO cryo medium; storage duration of 0–6 months; direct cell revival; storage in vapor phase of cryo tank; had the highest number of vials with optimal cell attachment after 24 h revived. HDFs cryopreserved in FBS + 10% DMSO for 1 and 3 months with both revival methods, showed optimal live cell numbers and viability above 80%, higher than other cryo medium groups. Morphologically, the fibroblasts were able to retain their phenotype with positive expression of Ki67 and Col-1. HDFs cryopreserved in FBS + 10% DMSO at 3 months showed significantly higher expression of Ki67 (97.3% ± 4.62) with the indirect revival method, while Col-1 expression (100%) was significantly higher at both 1 and 3 months compared to other groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, fibroblasts were able to retain their characteristics after various cryopreservation conditions with a slight decrease in viability that may be due to the thermal-cycling effect. However, further investigation on the longer cryopreservation periods should be conducted for other types of cells and cryo mediums to achieve optimal cryopreservation outcomes.

Bibliometric analysis of Indian research trends in air quality forecasting research using machine learning from 2007–2023 using Scopus database

Machine-learning air pollution prediction studies are widespread worldwide. This study examines the use of machine learning to predict air pollution, its current state, and its expected growth in India. Scopus was used to search 326 documents by 984 academics published in 231 journals between 2007 and 2023. Biblioshiny and Vosviewer were used to discover and visualise prominent authors, journals, research papers, and trends on these issues. In 2018, interest in this topic began to grow at a rate of 32.1 percent every year. Atmospheric Environment (263 citations), Procedia Computer Science (251), Atmospheric Pollution Research (233) and Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health (93 citations) are the top four sources, according to the Total Citation Index. These journals are among those leading studies on using machine learning to forecast air pollution. Jadavpur University (12 articles) and IIT Delhi (10 articles) are the most esteemed institutions. Singh Kp's 2013 "Atmospheric Environment" article tops the list with 134 citations. The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and the Department of Science and Technology are top Indian funding agency receive five units apiece, demonstrating their commitment to technology. The authors' keyword co-occurrence network mappings suggest that machine learning (127 occurrences), air pollution (78 occurrences), and air quality index (41) are the most frequent keywords. This study predicts air pollution using machine learning. These terms largely mirror our Scopus database searches for "machine learning," "air pollution," and "air quality," showing that these are among the most often discussed issues in machine learning research on air pollution prediction. This study helps academics, professionals, and global policymakers understand "air pollution prediction using machine learning" research and recommend key areas for further research.

Effectiveness of Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council in the new normal

This study was anchored on the Republic Act No. 10844, the Department of Information and Communications Technology Act of 2015, assessing the effectiveness of the Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council in the new normal. The respondents of the study were members of the Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council from the different sectors such as academe, provincial government of Aklan employees, national government agencies, private business owners and stakeholders. The descriptive research design was employed using a researcher-formulated questionnaire-checklist. The study found that the Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council, characterized by a young, educated workforce, demonstrates positive consensus on program effectiveness and initiatives but faces challenges such as power issues and organizational shortcomings, as indicated by demographic analysis, project evaluation, and statistical correlation. This study was conducted from August 2023 to December 2023, and was limited only to the items in the instrument, giving emphasis on demographic profile of respondents in the effectiveness of Aklan ICT Council in the new normal, extent of the effectiveness of Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council in the new normal and problems encountered by Aklan Information and Communications Technology Council in the new normal. The study results recommend that the council should refine its strategies, focusing on resolving specific problems such as power rate concerns and organizational structure issues. Sustaining efforts such as the Visayas ICT Cluster Organization Conference and support for entrepreneurship will further strengthen the council's impact in addressing the challenges in the ICT sector.

To the 50th anniversary of the first Department of An-esthesiology and Resuscitation in Saratov

In November 2024, the Department of Emergency Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Simulation Technology in Medicine celebrates its 50th anniversary. The article reflects the work of the department under the leadership of its four heads: Alexander Terentyevich Staroverov (founder of the department), German Georgievich Zhdanov, Dmitry Vladimirovich Sadchikov, Alexander Valerievich Kuligin (current head of the department).

Speak Up: Stepping up "show and tell" to enhance EFL students' speaking and communication skills

As the world has shifted dramatically, university graduates must possess hard and soft skills to compete in the job market and thrive in the competitive era of 5.0. Strong communication skills, encompassing speaking, listening, observing, and empathizing, are essential for success in this competitive environment. This paper aims to elaborate on implementing a simple classroom activity called "Show and Tell" to encourage students to communicate freely. The show-and-tell activity was modified to meet the needs of university-level students. The study involved 120 students from the civil engineering, law, and architecture departments of Musamus University of Merauke, with 53 female and 67 male students. This research utilized a qualitative approach to understand the learners' development better. The data collection methods in the field included field notes, audio-video recordings, and interviews with the learners. The results indicate that while students' English competencies were generally at a beginner level, the "show and tell" activity significantly enhanced their confidence and communication skills. Participants reported feeling more at ease when speaking in front of their peers, leading to improved articulation and organization of thoughts. Simultaneously, the activity also fostered empathy and a supportive learning environment, as students connected emotionally with their classmates.

An Analysis Management by Mike 21 Modelling at Rolak 70 Retention Pool in Jombang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia

Some areas in Indonesia have high level of sedimentation problems that able to cause flooding, and one apparent solution is to build a retention pool. Sedimentation is deposition of material into the reservoir or dam due to environmental damage or erosion occurs in the river basin area. Sedimentation becomes the main factor in constructing the Rolak 70 Retention Pool, as an important component in controlling floods on the Konto River when the water discharge exceeds the maximum limit. From geography perspective, the modelling location is in waters located between 112° 11′ 22.85″ South Latitude and 7° 38′ 42.23″ East Longitude. The model area has northern boundary at the tip of Rolak 70 pool, while western boundary at the outlet of Rolak 70 pool. The lowest water depth value is located in upstream area of Konto River at coordinates of 112°11’27.81″ South Latitude and 7°38’49.27″ East longitude. Weight of soil sample taken from the research site was ± 1000 grams at each point, and the result of sediment sample test performed at the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department, Sultan Agung University, Semarang showed that the research area is dominated by sand, followed by mud and gravel. There were several tests conducted include grain size analysis, hydrometer analysis, and specific gravity analysis to determine the D50 of the sediment. In the study area, several sampling points were taken, started from upstream area of the river in front of Rolak 70 building to the Rolak 70 Retention Pool. For this purpose, a MIKE 21 software modelling was used to determine distribution and lines of sedimentation in the study area. As visible from changes found in bed level morphology that occurred in Rolak 70 Retention Pool by cross section extraction, it can be seen that the largest change occurred in analysis for line 1 and the smallest bed level changes occurred in the analysis for line 6. Then, the result revealed that sedimentation tends to occur at large locations in upstream area of Rolak 70 Retention Pool, while the smallest sedimentation potential will happen at the downstream area of Rolak 70 Retention Pool. These results can be caused by changes of speed from the river flow which tends to decrease towards the end of Rolak 70 Retention Pool. So, the river flow has no more energy to carry heavy amount of sediments originating from the upstream area of the Konto River. By the existence of this retention pool, the need for rice field irrigation will not be disturbed by sediment deposits. In addition, the Rolak 70 Retention Pool can be used as temporary storage for material from Mount Kelud eruption where these materials can be utilized as building material or other useful purposes.

The Relationship Between Pamong Teacher Guidances and The Succes of Student Educational Field Practice (PLK)

The research problem background is the low of two-way communication between PLK students and tutor teachers, so that students have difficulty in dealing with the obstacles encountered during PLK at school. Based on this research, researchers are interested in doing research that purpose to reveal the relationship between Teacher Guidance and Student PLK Success. This research type was quantitative research through method in correlational. This research was done at the Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Padang. The research respondents were Building Engineering Education Study Program students, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Padang who had followed in the PLK period July-December 2022. The technique for sampling used Total Sampling with a sample size of 45 respondents. The method for data collection uses a questionnaire and documentation of PLK grades filled in by the mentor teacher. The technique for analysis used is Product Moment correlation. The research results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between Teacher Guidance and Student PLK Success. The evidence was the correlation coefficient greater than r table which is 0.705 > 0.294 and a value of significance is 0.00 < 0.05.

PERAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMKN 1 KOTA BIMA

This service is based on the influence of technology on students' learning motivation because technology is increasingly spread everywhere and has a big impact on people's lives, especially in society and the educational environment, especially in vocational high schools. Daily life is experiencing major changes due to technological advances. With this dedication and research, the PKM team wants to know how technology influences student learning motivation in the Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ) and RPL (Software Engineering) departments of SMKN 1 Bima City. The purpose of this service is to display and explain the role of information technology in student learning motivation. This service is carried out through conducting field surveys. 78 students were research subjects. There is a positive correlation between the use of information technology and student learning motivation, according to PKM's findings. This shows that students' desire to learn increases with more intensive use of information technology.

It Takes a Village

The introduction of Large Language Models (LLM) to the chatbot landscape has opened intriguing possibilities for academic libraries to offer more responsive and institutionally contextualized support to users, especially outside of regular service hours. While a few academic libraries currently employ AI-based chatbots on their websites, this service has not yet become the norm and there are no best practices in place for how academic libraries should launch, train, and assess the usefulness of a chatbot. In summer 2023, staff from the University of Delaware’s Morris Library information technology (IT) and reference departments came together in a unique partnership to pilot a low-cost AI-powered chatbot called UDStax. The goals of the pilot were to learn more about the campus community’s interest in engaging with this tool and to better understand the labor required on the staff side to maintain the bot. After researching six different options, the team selected Chatbase, a subscription-model product based on ChatGPT 3.5 that provides user-friendly training methods for an AI model using website URLs and uploaded source material. Chatbase removed the need to utilize the OpenAI API directly to code processes for submitting information to the AI engine to train the model, cutting down the amount of work for library information technology and making it possible to leverage the expertise of reference librarians and other public-facing staff, including student workers, to distribute the work of developing, refining, and reviewing training materials. This article will discuss the development of prompts, leveraging of existing data sources for training materials, and workflows involved in the pilot. It will argue that, when implementing AI-based tools in the academic library, involving staff from across the organization is essential to ensure buy-in and success. Although chatbots are designed to hide the effort of the people behind them, that labor is substantial and needs to be recognized.

Family Structure and Female Enrollment into Engineering and Technology Programmes in English Speaking State Universities of Cameroon

This study seeks to find out the influence of family structure composition and gender beliefs on female enrolment in to Engineering and Technology programmes in the English speaking state universities in Cameroon. The methodology used in this study was an explanatory sequential mixed method design where data were collected from 276 students from the two universities and an interview administered to 10 parents whose children are enrolled in any engineering or technology department within the two English speaking state universities in Cameroon. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire administered to the students and an interview guide administered to the parents. The data collected were analyzed descriptively and Point Biserial Correlation Analysis was also used to find the relationship between Family Structure Composition and Female Enrolment in Engineering and Technology Programmes. Paired Sample T-Test was also used to find out if gender within the family has an impact on enrolment in engineering and technology programmes and finally a Binary Logit Regression was used to show the impact of family structure on Female Enrolment in Engineering and technology Programmes. Findings from this study indicates that there is a weak relationship between family structure composition and female enrolment in engineering and technology. Indicating that performance in sciences and subsequent enrolment in engineering and technology by female students are supported by other factors other than the family structure. Paired sample T-Test and Binary logit regression analysis indicates a strong family belief system that female children should pursue the art discipline and this beliefs had a significant impact on female enrolment in engineering and technology fields. Parents should be encouraged to devote the same amount of their resources in educating their girl child as they do for the male children. House chaos and other constrains should be adequately managed within the family during school periods and negative family beliefs that have an impact on the schooling of the girl child should be avoided.

Research on the Motivational Factors of Information Technologies Department Employees in the Context of Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree to which information technology department employees meet the stages of needs outlined in Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory. The researchers identified eight variables and formulated eight hypotheses related to these variables. To test these hypotheses, data from an online survey completed by 401 active information technology employees in Turkey, representing the study population, was utilized. The convenience sampling method, which is one of the non-probabilistic sampling methods due to time and budget constraints, was utilized. The statistical analysis revealed a noteworthy correlation between the variables, particularly in terms of income status and motivation, across all sub-dimensions of Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory. While variations in the perceived level of deprivation by sub-dimensions were identified in other hypotheses, these variances did not reach statistical significance across all sub-dimensions.

Komunikasi Interpersonal Dosen dan Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Vokasi di Jurusan Teknik Mesin Politeknik Negeri Malang

This article analyzes the strategies and models of interpersonal communication of lecturers to students at vocational colleges of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malang State Polytechnic. The results of the study show that interpersonal communication strategies are carried out with dididic and triadic models. Meanwhile, the interpersonal communication model of lecturers and students uses an interactive model, where there is interdependence and active participation between lecturers and students. Communication anxiety, both chronic (trait apprehension) and situational (state apprehension), can be an obstacle in the interaction between lecturers and students, affecting participation, presentation quality, and students' ability to convey ideas clearly and confidently.