Technology Decisions Research Articles

When Chatbots Struggle with Customer Queries: Can Humans Help Them?

ABSTRACT Chatbots are becoming increasingly popular for customer service due to their speed and cost-effectiveness. However, chatbots have many limitations; for example, they cannot resolve all consumer queries and rely on human help. This study focuses on two key research questions. First, for what type of queries would customers prefer chatbots to traditional channels like phone calls? Second, when the chatbot cannot resolve customer queries, what is the best way to provide human help so that consumers adopt them in the future? We have used task technology fit and decision point theory to address these research questions. The results of two experiments found that consumers preferred chatbots more for non-complex and non-urgent queries. The results also found that a reduction in decision points led to higher adoption of chatbots in the future. In addition to contributing to theory, this study has significant managerial implications that can help companies effectively employ chatbots.

Application and Innovation of Information Technology in Rail Transit Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges

The innovation of information technology in the field of rail transit mainly includes big data analysis and intelligent decision making and the application of artificial intelligence technology. Through big data analysis and intelligent decision-making technology, the operational efficiency and passenger experience of rail transit can be improved. Artificial intelligence technology can realize intelligent functions such as train operation prediction, passenger demand analysis, and safety monitoring, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the rail transit system.

The Ethics of Incorporating Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Prognostic Clinical Decision-Making in Otolaryngology.

The Ethics of Incorporating Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Prognostic Clinical Decision-Making in Otolaryngology.

Information-analytical support to business processes for making investment decisions

The object of this study is the business processes of making an investment decision based on determining the state of the investment attractiveness of the enterprise. To support the adoption of investment decisions under the conditions of a fast-moving and dynamic environment, information-analytical support to the algorithm using intelligent information systems has been developed. The relevance of the study is justified by the continuous development of digitization processes, in particular in the financial realm. The traditional approach to the reproduction of management decision-making technology is complemented by the tools and methods of intelligent information systems. In particular, the modeling of the target subject area using UML made it possible to determine the main requirements for the projected information-analytical support (user roles, available options, types of connections and the logic of interaction between them). SQL queries to the information database speed up the process of processing and obtaining the necessary data samples. Business intelligence (BI) tools are used to create interactive reports that provide access to operational financial data. At the stage of making investment decisions, these tools make it possible to study a wide range of analytical data based on the results of the assessment of the investment attractiveness of the enterprise obtained at the previous stage of the developed algorithm. Monitoring of the main indicators of the enterprise's investment attractiveness is carried out on the basis of a dashboard, an information panel (display) with graphs, tables, and figures that clearly reflect the dynamics and rates of change of the investigated indicators. The results of the use of algorithmic information-analytical support make it possible to quickly prepare and make investment decisions. A visual description of the projected information-analytical support, visual content of the results of investment analysis, the validity of decisions due to the use of reliable retrospective information from an aggregated database

Методы и информационная система автоматизированного подбора лица, принимающего решения

The effectiveness of management activities is largely determined by the degree of reasonableness and efficiency of selecting a decision-maker and delegating the necessary powers to him. To solve this problem, it is advisable to use mathematical methods and information technologies that ensure the specified selection in an automated mode. This approach involves the creation of a DSS using unpopulated decision-making technologies. This allows you to identify employees or groups of employees who are most suitable for the implementation of managerial functions in terms of certain quality indicators. The use of unpopulated decision-making technologies in the interests of economic entities makes it possible to reduce the time and cost of their adoption by automating the transit management level. The purpose of the study considered in this article is to solve the problem of organizing the effective selection of a decision maker (DPR), or a group of people, as well as transferring the task to be performed automatically. To achieve this goal, the mathematical modeling of the LPR selection algorithm (LPR group) was carried out by performing operations on sets containing significant indicators and solving a mathematical programming problem. The proposed mathematical apparatus makes it possible to create a subsystem of the DSS responsible for the selection of a DSS (group of DSS) capable of making a high-quality management decision under given constraints, and transferring tasks to it for execution. The specified restrictions contain the type of task to be solved, the possibility of its implementation with the help of unpopulated decision-making technologies, competence limitations of LPR (groups of LPR), time constraints. The DSS subsystem, created on the basis of the proposed mathematical apparatus containing the task of optimizing the selection of LPR (LPR group) according to the cost criterion, makes it possible to minimize the cost of decision-making.

Live application programming in the defense industry with the Molecule component framework

At Thales Defense Mission Systems (DMS), software products first go through an industrial prototyping phase. Prototypes are serious applications that we evaluate with our end-users during demonstrations. End-users have a central role in the design process of our products. They often ask for software modifications during demonstrations to experiment new ideas or to focus the existing design on their needs.In this paper, we present how we combined Smalltalk’s live-programming capabilities with software component models to obtain flexible and modular software designs in our context of live prototyping. We present Molecule, an open-source implementation of the Lightweight CORBA Component Model in Pharo. We use Molecule to build HMI systems prototypes, and we benefit from the dynamic run-time modification capabilities of Pharo during demonstrations with our end-users where we explore software designs in a lively way.Molecule is an industrial contribution to Smalltalk, as it capitalizes 20 years of usage and maturation in our prototyping activity. The Molecule framework and tools are now mature, and we started building end-user software used in production at Thales DMS. We present two such end-user software and analyze their component architecture, that are representative of how we (learnt to) build HMI prototypes. Finally, we analyze our technological decisions with regards to the benefits we sought for our industrial activity.

Teknologi Sebagai Kegiatan Manusia Dalam Era Modern Kehidupan Masyarakat

This research examines Technology as a Human Activity in the Modern Era of Community Life, technology is something that we cannot avoid in the current era of modernization, all human activities using technology have progressed very rapidly. By using this sophisticated technology, humans in the modern era can make it easier to do work. At first technology developed gradually along with the progress of culture and civilization. Because technology is a rapidly advancing cultural development, humans develop technology more quickly. Because technology provides structure for human activity, it can be said that technology does not simply assist human activity, but also reshapes it, creating new activities that define the self, community, and good. Moral-ethical decisions, social relationships, space, time, perception, and self-concept. Transformation through technological advances For example, when complex new instruments or techniques are used in medical practice, it not only changes what doctors do but also how people think about health, disease, and medical care. Social and moral life is influenced by the technological devices we appraise. They enhance human worldviews, social practices, organizations, values, and lifestyles. Nowadays, it is difficult to be truly active in making technological decisions while technological devices are most often imposed on us, forcing many things on us. Apart from having a positive impact, the development of this technology also has a negative impact which can hinder direct interaction between people, where people already have a lot of indirect interaction, everyone is already dependent on technology, especially smartphones and social media, all activities already involves social media, be it news, business, learning and others.

Engagement in the digital age: Understanding “what works” for participatory technologies in environmental decision-making

Effective engagement is crucial for enhancing environmental decision-making processes, fostering more sustainable and equitable outcomes. However, the success of engagement is highly variable and context-dependent. While theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain outcome variance in engagement in environmental decision-making, they have not yet been tested in digital contexts, leaving their applicability to digital engagement processes unclear. More broadly, there are unanswered questions about the effectiveness of digital tools in achieving the goals of engagement, which have become increasingly pertinent amidst growing concerns about the potential of digital technologies for exacerbating exclusions, ethical issues, and systematically undermining democratic progress. This paper addresses this evidence gap by presenting findings from interviews with practitioners in UK public, private, and third sector organisations. Our results provide empirical insights into the technical, ethical, and inclusivity debates surrounding digital tools and their effectiveness in promoting accessible engagement, high-quality social interaction, place-based decision-making, and more trustworthy and credible outcomes. Our findings indicate that while current engagement theories are applicable to digital environments, the key explanatory factors acquire new dimensions in digital compared to in-person contexts. Drawing on the findings, this study contributes novel insights to expand current theory for explaining “what works” in engagement in environmental decisions, enhancing its relevance and applicability in the digital age. The paper concludes with evidence-led recommendations for environmental practitioners to improve engagement processes in digital and remote settings.

Assessment of quality indicators in construction

Introduction. Ensuring proper quality of construction is one of the pressing challenges of our time. Consumers expect cheap products from developers in the form of commercial or residential real estate that meet all the required quality indicators. Most accidents in monolithic construction occur due to non-compliance with technological procedures at low temperatures. The purpose of the study is to develop a framework for assessing the quality of concrete work at subzero temperatures (during winter work) based on the results of studies of technological parameters of winter concreting, their impact on the quality and safety of erected monolithic structures of industrial and civil buildings (structures).Materials and methods. The study used the method of approximating distributions of random variables, expert estimates, the theory of multiple principles, and mathematical statistics. The experiments were carried out in the laboratories of the Don State Technical University, as well as in the conditions of actual concrete work on a construction site in winter. The work uses a correlation-regression analysis of the dependence of the organizational and technological causes of inconsistencies (factors) and quality indicators of concrete work production. Statistical information on structural damage and collapse of buildings during their operation was processed. To make organizational and technological decisions to improve the quality of concrete work, it is proposed to take the influence of defects on the load-bearing capacity of buildings as an indicator of the quality level.Results. Using practical and expert methods, the most significant reasons (factors) for the occurrence of inconsistencies in the level of quality of concrete work production have been established. Factors have been identified that have the greatest influence on the change in the load-bearing capacity and reliability of buildings and structures being erected when performing the main types of construction and installation work. The nomenclature of technological quality indicators during winter production of concrete work, their influence on quality substantiated, and methods for assessing the quality of winter concreting technology are developed. Quantitative indicators of the quality of construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures were obtained.Discussion and conclusions. The practical value of the work lies in the development of a methodological tool for creating a regulatory framework for operational construction control of the production of monolithic and prefabricated monolithic construction and installation works under conditions of exposure to low temperatures, as well as for acceptance control of compliance of completed construction projects with quality requirements. Proposals are given for establishing regulatory tolerances, ways to improve the manufacturability of the equipment used, a new method for designing winter concreting technology, and a quality control method focused on ensuring structural safety have been developed. By developing the research, it is further possible to develop methods for calculating technology parameters taking into account technological variability, as well as establish new indicators to regulate the required level of quality and safety of buildings being built.

Measures for Investment Risk Management of Enterprise Technological Innovation Projects

Enterprise technological innovation project investment risk management refers to the enterprise taking a series of measures to manage and control possible investment risks when making technological innovation project investment decisions. Investment risks in technological innovation projects refer to various risks that may have a negative impact on investment due to the uncertainty of technological innovation and changes in the market environment. This article, from an industry professional perspective, analyzes and discusses measures for investment risk management of corporate technological innovation projects.

Formation of the Baby Economy as a Prerequisite for the Development of the Human Economy and Adaptation of the National Economy of Ukraine to the Principles of Sustainable Development

Abstract The processes of kinship, gender and age stratification, early learning opportunities, socialization, and the ability to engage in creativity and optimize craft are crucial for developing the education economy. All these factors in the development of the education economy should turn a young person into an economic person with the ability to make effective production, technological, and managerial decisions regarding the development of his or her personality, society, and economic element. It is worth noting that Ukraine is only forming a baby economy system. There are separate parts of it that the will of the state policy should unite. However, the private production and research sector should also be aimed at cooperating with educational institutions both in terms of production practices and highly specialized career guidance. Also, the education economy should be integrated into global educational processes, especially at the bachelor’s and master’s levels of university education. Ukraine is joining global university networks to optimize higher education. Joining exemplary examples of global education should influence the development of Ukraine’s national economy in the context of globalization. The processes of kinship, gender and age stratification, early learning opportunities, socialization, and the ability to engage in creativity and optimize craft are crucial for developing the education economy. All these factors in the development of the economy of education and upbringing should turn a young person into an economic person with the ability to make effective production, technological, and managerial decisions regarding the development of his or her personality, society, and economic element.

Are Virtual Assistants Trustworthy for Medicare Information: An Examination of Accuracy and Reliability.

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI)-based virtual assistants provide a potential opportunity for older adults to use this technology in the context of health information-seeking. Meta-analysis on trust in AI shows that users are influenced by the accuracy and reliability of the AI trustee. We evaluated these dimensions for responses to Medicare queries. During the summer of 2023, we assessed the accuracy and reliability of Alexa, Google Assistant, Bard, and ChatGPT-4 on Medicare terminology and general content from a large, standardized question set. We compared the accuracy of these AI systems to that of a large representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries who were queried twenty years prior. Alexa and Google Assistant were found to be highly inaccurate when compared to beneficiaries' mean accuracy of 68.4% on terminology queries and 53.0% on general Medicare content. Bard and ChatGPT-4 answered Medicare terminology queries perfectly and performed much better on general Medicare content queries (Bard = 96.3%, ChatGPT-4 = 92.6%) than the average Medicare beneficiary. About one month to a month-and-a-half later, we found that Bard and Alexa's accuracy stayed the same, whereas ChatGPT-4's performance nominally decreased, and Google Assistant's performance nominally increased. LLM-based assistants generate trustworthy information in response to carefully phrased queries about Medicare, in contrast to Alexa and Google Assistant. Further studies will be needed to determine what factors beyond accuracy and reliability influence the adoption and use of such technology for Medicare decision-making.

A Review of Manned/Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cooperative Technology and Application in U.S. Military

Abstract The paper is to learn the experience in the field of Manned/Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (MUAV) cooperative technology and enlighten the technology development and progress of our country. First of all, it is to collect the typical research projects and tracke experiment dynamic, excavate the development in the field of MUAV cooperative technology route; And then, attention is paid to the related typical application cases to analyze the current technical maturity; Second, from the perspective of technology development, application, analysis is executed from the human-computer interaction control technology, intelligent decision-making technology, communication anti-jamming technology, open hardware and software technology to MUAV; Finally, the experience of the U.S. military in the field of MUAV collaborative technology are summarized, and the enlightenment for the development of China in the field is given.

Saltation Diffusion Penetration: A New Measure of Specific Politico-Economic and Military Relations

At every stage of human existence, the security environment has been marked by various challenges and processes that have passed through the course of its history. The development of societies, changes in socio-economic conditions, technological progress, political and ideological trends also determined the change in the security environment. The unprecedented military, political, economic and ideological confrontation of the Cold War period, as well as the current extremely complex situation in the world, are causing new dynamics in the security environment. New challenges have emerged for world order and security – terrorism and extremism, military and non-military conflicts, economic and political destabilization, ethnic and religious tensions, cyber wars and many more. etc., risks and threats that have a strong negative impact on the social sustainability of our planet. The lack of clear rules for political and economic behavior and the growth of confrontation in international relations have led to a total disorientation of the global modern social system. Dominant in this direction are not only current wars and permanent threats from local and global conflict situations, but also unconventional technologies, methods and means of influence in the internal political life of states. Scientific and expert literature temporarily imposed a new terminological apparatus, with which to name the various processes, phenomena and operations with a markedly political and military character. Despite the existence of this terminological diversity, however, in the last few years there has been a need to fill the "gap" in understanding their nature and metrics. The need for a new meaningful definition of the specific political-economic, technological and social decisions and consequences appeared mostly in social practice. In this regard, in this report we will consider a new measure of specific politico-economic and military relations, which we have called “Striking Diffuse Penetration” (SDP) or Public Diffuse Entropy (PDE). Regardless of the fact that these two definitions, we propose a third linguistic construction that unites the first two and name the following expression form Saltation Diffusion Penetration.

Strategies of Green Industrial Policy: How States Position Firms in Global Supply Chains

The resurgence of industrial policymaking—particularly for emerging low-carbon industries—challenges social science theories that expect such interventions from centralized states or suggest that different kinds of states specialize in various forms of innovation policy. Interventionist forms of industrial policy have made a comeback among liberal economies. Coordinated economies now make use of market-driven strategies. This paper argues that the new generation of industrial strategies is shaped by the industrial development challenges that policymakers face at the sectoral level. It proposes a new theoretical framework that distinguishes between the policy orientation (targeted or open-ended) and the central agents driving financial and technological decision-making (governments or firms). We show that the choice of strategy is shaped by the level of uncertainty and the position of the domestic industry in global supply chains, that is, whether global supply chains are emerging or mature and whether the domestic industry is an entrant or incumbent.

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING

In the realm of finance, decision-making processes have always been pivotal in determining the success or failure of individuals, businesses, and economies at large. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), this landscape is undergoing a profound transformation. The integration of AI technologies in financial decision-making is not merely an augmentation of existing processes but a fundamental shift in how decisions are conceived, analysed, and executed. This introduction seeks to delve into the evolving role of AI in financial decision-making, particularly within the context of the Indian financial sector. The rapid pace of technological advancement has propelled AI into the forefront of various industries, and finance is no exception. AI encompasses a spectrum of technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, deep learning, and predictive analytics, among others. These tools offer the ability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and generate insights at speeds and scales that were previously unimaginable. In the context of financial decision-making, this translates into enhanced capabilities for risk assessment, portfolio optimization, fraud detection, and customer service, among others. India, with its burgeoning economy and vibrant financial markets, stands at the cusp of this AI-driven revolution. The country's financial ecosystem, characterized by a diverse array of institutions ranging from traditional banks to fintech startups, is ripe for AI-led innovation. The adoption of AI in Indian finance is driven by several factors, including the proliferation of digital technologies, the increasing availability of data, and the imperative for efficiency and competitiveness in a globalized economy. Furthermore, initiatives such as the government's Digital India campaign and regulatory efforts to promote fintech innovation have created a conducive environment for AI adoption in the financial sector.

Assessing the stability of underground workings in urban infrastructure

This article presents the analytical formulas necessary for making optimal design and technological decisions when laying shallow underground mine workings. They make it possible to determine the following critical parameters of mine workings: the critical height of the lift of the arch of natural equilibrium is the surface above which the rock is in an undestroyed state; stability coefficient of the arch of natural equilibrium (it shows in what state the rock above the excavation is); critical rock pressure is the pressure that, if exceeded, causes the rock to collapse above the working without support; critical depth of the mine working; critical pressure in the pore fluid is the pressure above which the rock collapse above the working without support; design maximum rock pressure with a given safety factor; design maximum depth of the working with a given safety factor; rock pressure on the support.

Experimental Study on the Distribution Law of Wind Speed in Rectangular Section Tunnels of Coal Mines

Ventilation is the cornerstone of coal mine safety production, and accurate monitoring of ventilation parameters is the fundamental guarantee for ventilation technology decision-making. A calculation model for the average wind speed line position in rectangular section tunnels of coal mines was established based on the Boussinesk theory and Prandtl turbulence theory to address the issue of difficulty in meeting decision-making needs in wind speed monitoring accuracy. The airflow field of rectangular section tunnels under different wind speed conditions was measured at the coal mine site, and the average position of the measured average wind speed line was obtained. The comparison and verification with the theoretical calculation results were carried out, with an absolute error of less than 5%.

Development of decision-making technology for the provision of services in project implementation

The object of research is decision-making processes regarding the provision of services within the framework of cross-border projects. To achieve the aim of the research, an analysis of the service provision market was first conducted, its features have been revealed and problems arising in the processes of its functioning have been identified. The main problem is to find the optimal distribution of services between performers in the service management system. A mathematical model of the problem of single- and multi-criteria optimization has been developed, where the problem is decomposed into independent sub-problems. The problem is presented in the form of a linear programming problem. Various efficiency criteria of the found distributions are proposed. Depending on the number of criteria, the problem will be a single-criteria Boolean programming problem or a multi-criteria optimization problem. An iterative method for finding the optimal distribution of services has been created, and individual methods are laid out in the form of production rules, which is understandable and allows to gain new knowledge. Based on the obtained data, a decision-making technology has been developed regarding the distribution of service consumers between performers. At the same time, decision-making methods were used, which allow optimizing the processes of service provision. A systematic approach was used when designing information technology. This made it possible to create an effective and problem-relevant technology that helps in making informed decisions about the distribution of services between participants of cross-border projects. A structural and functional diagram of the decision support system has been developed. Its structural elements are detailed. The obtained results reflect a thorough analysis of the current state of the services market and the development of effective decision-making technology, which contributes to the optimization of work in the field of cross-border projects. This approach can be useful for various subjects involved in the implementation and coordination of international projects.

Przygotowanie strategii prowadzenia prac naprawczych i rekonstrukcyjnych w odwiertach naftowych i gazowych

The repair and restoration work implemented in inactive well stocks has led to the resolution of clustering issues based on their purpose. It has been determined that in case of clusters of accident-prone wells, the implementation of repair and restoration works and their return to the operational fund, must be carried out based on economic and technical efficiency. The corresponding analysis revealed that clusters characterizing the accident rates include issues with downhole pipes, downhole motors, tools and devices, packers, bottom hole drill pipes, cables, ropes, wires, and others types of accidents. This paper presents the accumulated results of realized RRW (repair restoration works) based on field experience for formalization and automation in developing decision-making technologies and selecting accident elimination strategy in appropriate field conditions. Various technologies have been developed for the elimination process, using appropriate equipment. Repair and restoration work for corresponding codes is proposed based on field statistical information. The economic feasibility of the obtained results and their application are classified on the basis of boundary conditions defined by developed logical stages. The logical stages are drawn up using information about field parameters, including well conditions, the location of the accident object in the well, realized technology, and appropriate technical means. As a result of the analysis of SOCAR (State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic) fund of accident-prone wells, 24 possible options for the implementation of RRW have been identified for the aforementioned clusters. Lists of the existing tool park, functional design parameters, and technological modes necessary for each accident cluster have been determined to implement decision-making technologies.