Technology Cycles Research Articles

A sonographic endometrial thickness

BackgroundThe prevalence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), a potentially life-threatening condition, has exhibited a significant global rise in recent decades. Effective screening methods and early identification strategies for PAS could enable early treatment and improved outcomes. Endometrial thickness (EMT) plays a crucial role in successful embryo implantation and favorable pregnancy outcomes. Extensive research has been conducted on the impact of EMT on assisted reproductive technology cycles, specifically in terms of pregnancy rates, live birth rates, and pregnancy loss rates. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the influence of EMT on PAS. ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate association between pre-implantation EMT and the occurrence of PAS in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology cycles. Study DesignA total of 4637 women who had not undergone prior caesarean section, conceived by in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryo transfer treatment and subsequently delivered at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2008 to December 2020 were included in this study. To explore the relationship between EMT and PAS, we employed smooth curve fitting, threshold effect, and saturation effect analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent association between EMT and PAS while adjusting for potential confounding factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the influence of bias and unmeasured confounders. Furthermore, we employed causal mediation effect analysis to investigate the mediating role of EMT in the relationship between gravidity and ovarian stimulation protocol and the occurrence of PAS. ResultsAmong the 4637 women included in this study, pregnancies with PAS (159, 3.4%) had significantly thinner EMT (non-PAS 10.08±2.04 vs PAS 8.88±2.21 mm，P<0.001) during the last ultrasound before embryo transfer. By smooth curve fitting, the saturated effect was found on EMT and PAS, with an inflection point at 10.9mm. Then the EMT was divided into four groups: ≤7mm, >7 to≤10.9mm, >10.9 to≤13mm, >13mm, and the absolute rates of PAS in each group was 11.91%, 3.73%, 1.35%, and 2.54%, respectively. When compared to women with an EMT ranging from between 10.9-13mm, the odds of PAS increased from adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.27 (95% CI, 1.33-3.86) for EMT ranging from 7-10.9mm to aOR of 7.15 (95% CI, 3.73-13.71) for EMT <7mm after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Placenta previa remained as an independent risk factor for PAS (aOR, 11.80; 95% CI, 7.65-18.19). Moreover, EMT <7mm was still an independent risk factor for PAS (aOR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.57-9.73) in the matched cohort after PSM. Causal mediation analysis revealed that approximately 63.9% of the total effect of gravidity and 18.6% of the total effect of ovarian stimulation protocol on PAS were mediated by the EMT. ConclusionsThe findings from our study indicate that thin EMT is an independent risk factor for PAS in women without prior caesarean section undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment. The clinical significance of this risk factor is slightly lower than placenta previa. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that EMT plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between gravida or ovarian stimulation protocol and PAS.

Devising an economic-legal approach to the viability of innovative technology transfer in the process of its commercialization

The object of this study is to determine the economic effect of technology transfer during the period of its viability. This paper suggests a methodology that takes into account the appropriate amount of profit and the accumulated amount of royalties in the commercial use of innovative technology. The necessity of taking into account the viability of the transfer of innovative technology as the beginning of its new life cycle was substantiated. The possibility of formalizing this process in the form of an assessment of the sum of the present values of all projected cash flows, taking into account the eligibility criterion and the barrier rate, has been established. We propose an approach, which, unlike the existing ones, consists in allocating a certain period of viability of innovative technology transfer in the life cycle of technology. It is argued that based on the results of technology renovation, it is possible to assess the economic effect of its transfer due to the benefits of implementation and achievement of licensing activity by expanding the number of licensees. We substantiate the possibility of generating profits and royalties to the licensor as the amount of investment that can and should be directed to the development of a fundamentally new or improved technology in relation to the previous one. The transition to a new technology causes an increase in the overall technological level and leads to the formation of a technological gap between the S-shaped life curves of technical systems and, in parallel, forms a new S-shaped curve of a new technological system based on new knowledge. An economic and legal approach to the development of a methodology for determining the economic effect or viability of innovative-level TT was implemented. The results of the current study could be used in the formation of legislative and subordinate national regulations, as well as serve as a basis for further research on this issue

Mechanisms of endometrial aging: lessons from natural conceptions and assisted reproductive technology cycles.

Until recently, the study of age-related decline in fertility has focused primarily on the ovary; depletion of the finite pool of oocytes and increases in meiotic errors leading to oocyte aneuploidy are well-established mechanisms by which fertility declines with advancing age. Comparatively little is known about the impact of age on endometrial function. The endometrium is a complex tissue comprised of many cell types, including epithelial, stromal, vascular, immune and stem cells. The capacity of this tissue for rapid, cyclic regeneration is unique to this tissue, undergoing repeated cycles of growth and shedding (in the absence of an embryo) in response to ovarian hormones. Furthermore, the endometrium has been shown to be capable of supporting pregnancies beyond the established boundaries of the reproductive lifespan. Despite its longevity, molecular studies have established age-related changes in individual cell populations within the endometrium. Human clinical studies have attempted to isolate the effect of aging on the endometrium by analyzing pregnancies conceived with euploid, high quality embryos. In this review, we explore the existing literature on endometrial aging and its impact on pregnancy outcomes. We begin with an overview of the principles of endometrial physiology and function. We then explore the mechanisms behind endometrial aging in its individual cellular compartments. Finally, we highlight lessons about endometrial aging gleaned from rodent and human clinical studies and propose opportunities for future study to better understand the contribution of the endometrium to age-related decline in fertility.

Development of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants based on products from industrial waste integrated processing

The object of this research is the integrated processing of industrial waste from various industries, which makes it possible to reduce the use of material and energy resources and improve the ecological state of the environment. Waste from the chemical, petrochemical, and machine-building industries was subject to integrated technological processing. The common link that united the investigated complex technological cycles was the use of a regenerated mixed sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr), on the surface of which topochemical transformations of chemicals that were part of industrial waste took place. Using a regenerated mixed sorbent, exhausted industrial oil which was the mineral basis of the developed new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants was purified. In particular, we have established the conditions for obtaining diethyl ammonium chloride from unusable pesticides of the formula R1R2R3R4C6HCOOH∙HN(C2H5)2, whose topochemical interaction on the surface of the mixed sorbent leads to the formation of a sorbed fragment [sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr)]∙[(C2H5)2NC(=S)SK]. Subsequent interaction of aqueous solutions containing copper(II) ions with such a fragment leads to the formation of bis–(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) on the surface of mixed sorbent. The resulting substances of the general composition [sorbent (activated carbon + kieselguhr)]∙{[(С2H5)2NC(=S)S]2Cu} were studied as thickeners and active polyfunctional components of the obtained plastic lubricants. Research into the tribological properties of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants showed their high anti-wear and heat-resistant properties and the possibility of effective use in highly loaded friction nodes

Progestins for pituitary suppression during ovarian stimulation in artificial reproductive technology

Background: Progestins can suppress endogenous luteinizing hormone secretion from the pituitary gland. Progestins can be used orally and are less expensive than gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs. However, early endometrial exposure to progestin precludes fresh embryo transfer (ET), but the emergence of vitrification for oocyte cryopreservation cycles allows more opportunities for using progestins for pituitary suppression.&#x0D; Objective: To assess the mechanism of pituitary suppression by progestins, the effectiveness of progestins compared with GnRH analogs, the effect of progestins on oocyte and embryo developmental potential and euploidy status, and the cost-effectiveness of progestin-primed stimulation. &#x0D; Methods: A literature search using the keywords “multiple waves of antral ovarian follicular development, In Vitro Fertilization, Ovarian stimulation ” was performed in the PubMed database.&#x0D; Results: The duration of stimulation, gonadotrophin consumption, and oocyte yield were similar in progestins and GnRH analogs. However, progestins were associated with significantly lower gonadotrophin consumption than their analogs. Overall, live birth and clinical pregnancy rates per ET were similar to those of progestins and GnRH analogs. Studies comparing medroxyprogesterone acetate, dydrogesterone, and micronized progesterone suggest similar ovarian responses and pregnancy outcomes. The euploidy status of embryos and obstetric and neonatal outcomes from progestin-primed cycles are similar to those of embryos from conventional stimulation cycles. Despite the lower cost of progestins than GnRH analogs, the mandatory cryopreservation of all embryos followed by a deferred transfer may increase the cost per live birth with progestins compared with an artificial reproductive technology cycle culminating in a fresh ET.&#x0D; Conclusion: Progestins present an effective option for women who do not contemplate a fresh ET, e.g., fertility preservation, anticipated hyper responders, preimplantation genetic testing, oocyte donors, and double stimulation cycles.

Economics of technology cycle time (TCT) and catch-up by latecomers: Micro-, meso-, and macro-analyses and implications

This paper provides an analytical review of the literature on the role of technology cycle time (TCT) in the catching-up process of latecomers at the firm, sectoral, and national levels. At the national level, latecomer economies follow a detour that consists of economic growth through specialization in short-TCT sectors during the catching-up phase, followed by a shift to long-TCT sectors in the post-catching-up phase. The paper then discusses the double-edged nature of TCT at the sectoral level, such that short TCT can either be a window of opportunity associated with the rapid obsolescence of existing technologies and thus low entry barriers, or another source of difficulty associated with the truncation of learning from existing technologies. Only latecomers with a certain absorptive capacity can benefit from short TCT as a window of opportunity. Finally, at the firm level, this paper discusses the issue of possible convergence in the behavior of catching-up firms towards those of mature firms in advanced economies. At all three levels, the keywords are detours and convergence. Given the barriers to entry in long-TCT sectors, latecomers pursue a strategy of detouring into short-TCT sectors. That is, instead of trying to emulate incumbents by entering long-TCT sectors, latecomers take the opposite route. Subsequently, as latecomers improve their capabilities over time, they shift their specialization from short to long TCT sectors, thereby achieving convergence in behavior and strategy at the firm, sectoral, and national levels.

The interplay of the innovation cycle, build time, lifetime, and deployment rate of new energy technologies: a case study of nuclear fusion energy

Abstract This article analyses how a forced transition to low-carbon energy impacts the innovation of new energy technologies. We apply the insights to nuclear fusion, potentially a large provider of carbon-free energy currently attracting billions in private investments. We discuss the ‘fastest-feasible-growth (FFG)’ curve for transitions: exponential growth followed by linear growth, where the rate of latter is limited by the inverse lifetime of the installation. We analyse how innovation is affected if, during rapid deployment, a technology progresses through several generations. We identify key timescales: the learning time, the generation time, the build time, and the exponential growth time of the early deployment phase and compare these for different energy technologies. We distinguish learning rate-limited and generation-time-limited innovation. Applying these findings to fusion energy, we find that a long build time may slow deployment, slow learning, and promote early technology lock-in. Slow learning can be remedied by developing multiple concepts in parallel. Probabilistic analysis of value implies that the optimal strategy is to parallelize the development of many concepts. This concurs with the present surge in private investment in multiple concepts. For this strategy to be successful, the build time of the power plant must be minimized. This requirement favours concepts that lend themselves to modularization and parallelization of production and assembly.

Abstract 134: Thrombotic Complications of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome

Introduction: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a well-known complication of ovarian stimulation used during assisted reproductive technology cycles. In severe OHSS, increases in capillary permeability can result in hemoconcentration and hypercoagulability leading to thrombotic events, including stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis. Herein we sought to determine the prevalence of hospitalization for thrombotic events shortly after OHSS using population-level data. Methods: We conducted two separate retrospective cohort studies of patients with OHSS using publicly available datasets: (1) administrative claims data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) across 11 states from 2016 to 2020 and (2) National Inpatient Sample (NIS) registry data from the end of 2015 to 2020. HCUP contains both emergency department and inpatient encounters whereas NIS contains a nationally representative sample of inpatient encounters. For our study, all female patients with an encounter for OHSS, defined using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) code N98.1 were included from each dataset. Our primary study outcome was any stroke or major thrombotic event identified within 60 days of OHSS diagnosis in HCUP or during the index admission for OHSS in NIS. We used previously validated ICD-10-CM codes for acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral venous thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and acute deep venous thrombosis to define our study outcome. Results: We identified a total of 747 patients with OHSS in HCUP. Within the HCUP cohort, fewer than 10 patients (&lt;1%) were hospitalized with a stroke or thrombotic event within 60 days of OHSS diagnosis. There were 1,955 hospitalizations for OHSS in NIS. There were 20 (1%) pulmonary embolisms and 35 (1.8%) acute deep venous thromboses, but no other stroke/thrombotic complications in NIS. Conclusions: We found very few thrombotic events shortly after OHSS diagnosis using two large datasets. The low rate of outcome events after OHSS seen in each of our population-level analyses increases the reliability of these study results.

Live Birth After Oocyte Donation In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in Women With Endometriosis

Although multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain the infertility related to endometriosis, there are no conclusive data on the association of endometriosis with endometrial receptivity. The oocyte donation model in assisted reproduction technology (ART) cycles can clarify this issue. To explore the association of a history of endometriosis with ART outcomes in recipients of oocyte donation. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases were searched from inception until August 31, 2023, using combinations of relevant keywords. Moreover, we retrieved data from the databases of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) in the US and the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in the United Kingdom. Observational studies were included if they investigated the impact of endometriosis on ART outcomes with donor oocytes. Publicly available data related to ART from various sources were gathered, and a retrospective aggregate and nonaggregate analysis using registries of in vitro fertilization cycles with oocyte or embryo donation was conducted. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) following oocyte donor cycles. The effect measures of comparisons between groups are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% CI. This study analyzed 7212 oocyte donation cycles from 4 studies for the meta-analysis, along with 162 082 cycles from 2 registries (137 182 from SART and 24 900 from HFEA). No significant differences between the groups were observed in the meta-analysis of published data after adjusting for confounding factors (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.19-1.57). A statistically significant lower LBR was identified in women with endometriosis when analyzing the aggregate data from SART and HFEA databases (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97). This study found a modest decrease in LBR among women with a history of endometriosis, although only results from the pooled analysis of registry data and not those from the meta-analysis reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that a marginal impairment of uterine receptivity may contribute to infertility mechanisms in women affected by endometriosis.

Correlation of self-reported racial background to euploidy status and live birth rates in assisted reproductive technology cycles.

To determine whether the embryonic euploidy rate and live birth outcomes following single, euploid embryo transfer (SEET) differ among women of self-reported racial and ethnic backgrounds. This retrospective cohort study included all infertile patients of different self-reported racial backgrounds who underwent In vitro fertilization (IVF) with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) and an autologous single euploid embryo transfer (SEET) from December 2015 to December 2019 at a single private and academic assisted reproduction technology center. Primary outcome measures included ploidy rates among different racial groups. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy loss, and live birth rates. Five thousand five hundred sixty-two patients who underwent an IVF cycle with ICSI-PGT-A were included. A total of 24,491 blastocysts were analyzed. White participants had on average more euploid embryos and higher euploidy rates when compared to their counterparts (p ≤ 0.0001). However, after controlling for confounding factors, there was no association between race and the odds of having ahigher euploidy rate (aOR 1.31; 95% CI 0.63-2.17, p = 0.42). A total of 4949 patients underwent SEET. Pregnancy outcomes did not differ among patients of varying self-reported races. Euploidy rates and pregnancy outcomes were comparable among patients of different racial backgrounds who underwent a SEET.

Substantiation of the technology of treatment of flushing water of water treatment facilities with subsequent return to the technological cycle

The paper lists the existing technological schemes for the purification of flushing water of water treatment facilities; shows the results of a multifactorial central composite planning experiment with the obtained second-order correlation and regression analysis equations describing the dependence of the residual content of suspended solids on the initial content, sedimentation duration, coagulant dose when using various reagents; the recommended technological scheme for the purification of flushing water with technological calculation of the main structure.

Synthesis of highly disperse NbSi2–Si3N4 and Si3N4–NbN composite powders

AbstractThe behavior of reaction powder mixtures of stoichiometric compositions calculated for the synthesis of higher niobium nitride and silicide in the temperature range 800–1400°С in vacuum according to the reactions 4Nb + Si3N4 and 3Nb + 2Si3N4, respectively, has been investigated. The decomposition of Si3N4 is accompanied by the formation of lower nitride and lower silicide phases of niobium. The content of the silicide phase increases with heat treatment temperature, and, at 1400°С, NbSi2 forms. The nitride phase remains practically unchanged up to 1300°С and disappears at 1400°С. On the basis of the established regularities, we have developed synthesis methods for Si3N4–NbN and Si3N4–NbSi2 powders, which include the introduction of excess Si3N4 with respect to the stoichiometric composition. The combined two‐stage technological cycle of synthesis of Si3N4–NbN involves vacuum annealing at 1000°С and subsequent nitriding at 1300°С. The synthesis method for NbSi2–Si3N4 assumes the in situ successive formation of niobium silicide phases up to 1400°С. The synthesized Si3N4–15NbN and NbSi2–14Si3N4 powders consist of multiphase agglomerates with a mean size of 5.5 and 8.8 µm, respectively, and a nanodisperse fraction with a mean particle size of 200 nm.

Evidence based management of patients with endometriosis undergoing assisted conception: British fertility society policy and practice recommendations

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition in women of reproductive age, which can lead to infertility and pelvic pain. Endometriosis associated infertility is multifactorial in nature adversely affecting each step of the natural reproductive physiology and thereby processes and outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycles. These outcomes are further complicated by the subtype of endometriosis, being peritoneal, deep infiltrating and ovarian, which bear negative effects on ovarian reserve, response to stimulation, accessibility for oocyte retrieval, intraoperative safety and endometrial receptivity. There is still a lack of clear guidance about the role of surgery for ovarian endometriosis/endometriomas. This guideline evaluates the evidence of the impact of pelvic endometriosis and endometriomas on the outcome of ART and provides recommendations for management options before and during ART including intra-uterine insemination. Recommendations are made based on the current evidence for the management of patients with endometriosis across each step of ART with the primary aim of improving ART outcomes.

PHILOSOPHY IN BUSINESS ANALYTICS: A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABLE AND ETHICAL APPROACHES

The integration of philosophy into the realm of business analytics is a nuanced and evolving discourse that transcends the technicalities of data analysis. This paper encapsulates a comprehensive review that delves into the ethical and sustainable dimensions of business analytics, probing the philosophical underpinnings that shape the responsible use of data in corporate decision-making. The review examines the moral considerations inherent in business analytics, investigating the ethical implications of data collection, analysis, and utilization. It contemplates the evolving landscape of data privacy, transparency, and the ethical responsibilities of businesses in the era of pervasive data-driven decision-making. Furthermore, the paper explores sustainability in business analytics, acknowledging the environmental impact of data centers, energy consumption, and the life cycle of digital technologies. It evaluates the philosophical principles guiding sustainable practices in the field, aiming to harmonize the pursuit of data-driven insights with ecological responsibility. In essence, this study outlines a comprehensive exploration of how philosophy shapes and guides sustainable and ethical approaches in the domain of business analytics. It sets the stage for a critical examination of the evolving intersection between data-driven decision-making and the ethical principles that underpin responsible corporate practices.&#x0D; Keywords: Philosophy, Business Analytics, Sustainable, Ethical Approaches, Review.

Polymer filler for accelerated molding technology

This paper presents the results of the study of a polymer filler for the “crush-core” rapid molding technology. Different formulations of the compositions, temperature regimes of curing were investigated, and the completeness of the passage of a chemical reaction under various temperature regimes was also considered. The depth of the curing reaction was separately studied in order to obtain a filler processed in a single technological cycle lasting no more than 1 hour at a temperature of 140°C, together with skins based on fiberglass prepreg.

Determination of quality criteria for candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin

Quality control of medicines is an integral part of the technological cycle, obligatory for the release of products into public distribution. Both in Russia and abroad, when carrying out of laboratory testing of the preparations, it is prescribed to use the reference materials – the certified standard samples. Currently, it is important for the Russian pharmaceutical industry to provide the methods for evaluating the specific activity of human anti-D immunoglobulin with a national standard sample. Its production is impossible without the production of stabilized concentrate of anti-D antibodies and verifying the suitability of each batch for sale. This requires the establishment of specification requirements and the development of regulatory documentation.Aim is to define the quality criteria for candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin.Material and methods. The national and foreign normative bases in the field of quality control of blood products, manufacturing and application of biological standards of medicines were analyzed. Three series of lyophilized concentrate of anti-D antibodies were obtained and a laboratory-experimental study of their properties was carried out.Results and discussion. As a result of the work done, technical specifications were approved, including a list of consumer characteristics, a description of the methods for their assessment and relevant norms.Conclusions. The established requirements can become the basis for the releasing quality control of the candidate standard for anti-D immunoglobulin during its serial production.

International gestational surrogacy in the United States, 2014–2020

To describe characteristics, trends, and outcomes of international gestational surrogacy cycles in the United States (US). Retrospective cohort study. All assisted reproductive technology cycles in the US reported to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting Systems that included an embryo transfer to a gestational carrier from 2014 to2020. International vs. US intended parents. Cycle characteristics, geographic distributions, and obstetrical outcomes. Of 40,177 embryo transfers to a gestational carrier from 2014 to 2020, 32% were for international intended parents. The number and percent of international intended parents' gestational carrier cycles increased each year from 2014 (n = 2758, 22.0%) to 2019 (n = 4905, 39.8%) with a decrease in 2020 (n = 4713, 31.8%). Compared with cycles for US intended parents, there was a larger decrease in gestational carrier cycles between 2019 and 2020 for international intended parents (3.9% vs. 32.2%). International intended parents were more likely to be male sex (41.3% vs. 19.6%), older than 42 years (33.9% vs. 26.2%) and identify as Asian race (65.6% vs. 16.5%). International intended parents were largely from China (41.7%), followed by France (9.2%) and Spain (8.5%). Gestational carriers for international intended parents were more commonly younger than 30 years (42.8% vs. 29.1%) and identified as Hispanic race (28.6% vs. 11.7%) compared with gestational carriers for US intended parents. Cycles with international intended parents were more likely to use donor eggs (67.1% vs. 43.5%), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (72.8% vs. 55.4%), and preimplantation genetic testing (79.0% vs. 55.8%). Cycles with international and US intended parents had similar obstetrical outcomes, including live birth (adjusted risk ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.03) and multiple pregnancy (adjusted risk ratio 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.94-1.06) rates. An increasing number of international intended parents are utilizing gestational surrogacy in the US and more frequently using cost-enhancing specialized treatment techniques. This increase is potentially because of restrictive international commercial surrogacy laws and the increased availability of reproductive medical expertise. Given this growing demographic, continued examination of the volume of cross-border reproductive treatment, as well as the legal and ethical considerations, is warranted.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of the implementation of transport and technological cycles in the swarm use of agricultural UAVs

The article presents an approach that provides a comprehensive analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the implementation of transport and technological cycles in the swarm use of agricultural UAVs. A generalized “effect-cost” assessment is presented for ensuring the transport process within the framework of acceptable implementations of the transporttechnological cycle. It is shown that for swarm applications of UAVs in precision agriculture, cost-benefit analysis is also directly related to the microprocessor performance of the UAV swarm. The cost-effectiveness model proposed in the work is based on a previously obtained solution to the problem of optimal performance of a UAV swarm used for spraying crops. The results of improving the cost function are presented using a model example that illustrates the proposed approach. It is noted that the presented problem statement helps developers clearly identify alternatives and formulate additional questions that need to be answered to make a decision.

АНТИКРИЗОВІ СЦЕНАРІЇ МІЖГАЛУЗЕВОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ПЕРЕРОБНО-ХАРЧОВИХ АГРОХОЛДИНГІВ В ЦІЛІСНІЙ СИСТЕМІ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН З АГРАРНИМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ

The article contains the theoretical and methodological principles of developing anti-crisis scenarios of intersectoral interaction of agricultural market participants to minimize the impact of production risks of agricultural enterprises, transformation of indicators of the production and technological cycle and neutralization of the crisis level of competitiveness of processing industry enterprises. The density curves of the distribution of the probability of accidental losses were constructed; a risk zone is determined for an in-depth interval assessment of minimization of the crisis of agricultural holdings. Meat-processing agricultural holdings are singled out and the multi-vector nature of changes by types of production-technological cycle is determined based on the results of a multi-level diagnosis of the crisis of competitiveness of meat-processing agricultural holdings in the integral system of economic relations with agricultural enterprises. Poly-vector changes in the level of the crisis of the competitiveness of meat-processing agroholdings according to the integral indicator of ensuring the production and technological cycle in the time interval of 2021–2023 have been determined (without taking into account the amount of financial support from private investors and taking into account capitalized profit and state preferential lending). Empirical dependencies of variable indicators of insurance of the production and technological cycle of domestic meat processing agroholdings in the approximation of actuarial calculations are substantiated. Anti-crisis scenarios of cross-industry interaction of meat-processing agricultural holdings in an integrated system of economic relations with agricultural enterprises to neutralize crisis factors of competitiveness for 2024–2028 are proposed. It was concluded that the level of competitiveness of agroholdings depends on dynamic development, which is influenced by indices of agricultural raw materials, price indices for by-products and their processing products, preferential credit rates, volumes of private investments, state material assistance and the level of insurance payments.

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NEW BIMETALLIC MATERIAL BASED ON UNALLOYED TITANIUM AND Ti6Al4V TITANIUM ALLOY OBTAINED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING

Bimetallic samples based on unalloyed titanium and titanium alloy have been obtained. The main disadvantage of the most common material for medical implants Ti6Al4V alloy is the danger of toxic elements of aluminum and vanadium entering the human body during implant wear. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use bimetallic products designed in such a way that the part interacting with human body is made of unalloyed titanium, and the inner part is made of a high-strength titanium alloy providing high mechanical properties. The technology of selective laser melting allows to produce similar products in one technological cycle. The aim of the research is a comprehensive study of the physical and mechanical properties and structure of the bimetallic material of the system “unalloyed titanium – alloy Ti6Al4V”obtained by selective laser melting. The melting modes have been optimized to achieve high mechanical characteristics. It is shown that the strength characteristics with optimal conditions correspond to the characteristic value of unalloyed titanium – the ultimate tensile strength was 860 MPa. Embrittlement of the micro-welded bimetal compound is not observed: tensile fracture occurs with the least durable component – unalloyed titanium. Metallographic studies have shown the absence of micropores, microcracks and other defects in the interface zone of the two materials and adjacent areas. Thus, selective laser melting makes it possible to obtain a new class of bimetallic medical devices with high physical and mechanical properties, while ensuring that living tissues do not contact with toxic elements.