Cost Of Technology Research Articles

Deciphering the abundance of immune cells in glomerular endothelium of Alport syndrome kidneys using the deconvolution algorithm CONVdeconv

Due to the high cost of single-cell sequencing technology, understanding cell heterogeneity within tissues is crucial for elucidating the biological characteristics of complex tissues. Therefore, this study proposes a method for generating pseudo-bulk data based on single-cell sequencing data and designs a convolutional neural network model, CONVdeconv, based on attention mechanisms, for deconvoluting real bulk RNA data. Experimental validation on mouse kidney data demonstrates that the CONVdeconv model performs exceptionally well in deconvolution tasks, effectively restoring cell type proportions. Furthermore, deconvolution analysis of mouse data with Alport syndrome revealed significant differences in macrophages and T lymphocytes between disease and normal states, providing new clues and directions for a deeper understanding of the disease’s progression.

Cost analysis of radical resection of malignant breast tumors under the China Healthcare Security Diagnosis Related Groups payment system.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide and poses a severe threat to their health. Therefore, this study examined patients who underwent breast cancer surgery, analyzed hospitalization costs and structure, and explored the impact of China Healthcare Security Diagnosis Related Groups (CHS-DRG) management on patient costs. It aimed to provide medical institutions with ways to reduce costs, optimize cost structures, reduce patient burden, and improve service efficiency. To study the CHS-DRG payment system's impact on breast cancer surgery costs. Using the CHS-DRG (version 1.1) grouping criteria, 4073 patients, who underwent the radical resection of breast malignant tumors from January to December 2023, were included in the JA29 group; 1028 patients were part of the CHS-DRG payment system, unlike the rest. Through an independent sample t-test, the length of hospital stay as well as total hospitalization, medicine and consumables, medical, nursing, medical technology, and management expenses were compared. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test the cost correlation. In terms of hospitalization expenses, patients in the CHS-DRG payment group had lower medical, nursing, and management expenses than those in the diagnosis-related group (DRG) non-payment group. For patients in the DRG payment group, the factors affecting the total hospitalization cost, in descending order of relevance, were medicine and consumable costs, consumable costs, medicine costs, medical costs, medical technology costs, management costs, nursing costs, and length of hospital stay. For patients in the DRG non-payment group, the factors affecting the total hospitalization expenses in descending order of relevance were medicines and consumable expenses, consumable expenses, medical technology expenses, the cost of medicines, medical expenses, nursing expenses, length of hospital stay, and management expenses. The CHS-DRG system can help control and reduce unnecessary medical expenses by controlling medicine costs, medical consumable costs, and the length of hospital stay while ensuring medical safety.

Integrated monitoring and prediction of thermal discharge from nuclear power plants using satellite, UAV, and numerical simulation.

Global nuclear power is surging ahead in its quest for global carbon neutrality, eyeing an anticipated installed capacity of 436 GW for coastal nuclear power plants by 2040. As these plants operate, they emit substantial amounts of warm water into the ocean, known as thermal discharge, to regulate the temperature of their nuclear reactors. This discharge has the potential to elevate the temperature of the surrounding seawater, potentially influencing the marine ecosystem in the discharge vicinity. Therefore, our study area is on the Qinshan and Jinqimen Nuclear Power Plants in China, employing a blend of Landsat 8/9, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery to gather sea surface temperature (SST) data. In situ measurements validate the temperature data procured through remote sensing. Leveraging these SST observations alongside hydrodynamic and meteorological data from field measurements, we input them into the MIKE 3 model to prognosticate the three-dimensional (3D) spatial distribution and temperature elevation resulting from thermal discharge. The findings reveal that (1) satellite remote sensing can instantly acquire the horizontal distribution of thermal discharge, but with a spatial resolution much lower than that of UAV. The spatial resolution of UAV is higher, but the imaging efficiency of UAV is only 1/40,000 of that of satellite remote sensing. (2) Numerical simulation models can predict the 3D spatial distribution of thermal discharge. Although UAV and satellite remote sensing cannot directly obtain the 3D spatial distribution of thermal discharge, using remotely sensed SST as the temperature field input for the MIKE 3 model can reduce the quantity of measured temperature data and lower the cost of numerical simulation. (3) In the process of monitoring and predicting the thermal discharge of nuclear power plants, achieving an effective balance between monitoring accuracy and cost can be realized by comprehensively considering the advantages and costs of satellite, UAV, and numerical simulation technologies.

Optimal Pricing and Retailing Strategy for an Assembled Product Manufacturing–Remanufacturing Process under Carbon Emission Regulations and Autonomation

Online-to-offline (O2O) retailing offers unique opportunities for customizable assembled products with spare parts. Customers can browse and configure their desired product online, selecting from various components. Imperfect production, where a certain percentage of products have defects, can be amplified in the manufacturing system. Stricter carbon emission regulations put pressure on manufacturers to minimize waste. This creates a tension between discarding imperfect products, generating emissions, and potentially offering them at a discount through the O2O channel, which could raise quality concerns for consumers. In this study, an imperfect single-stage production process is examined, incorporating manufacturing–remanufacturing within a single stage for assembled products containing various spare parts. The study explores an investment scenario aimed at enhancing the environmental sustainability of the product. Additionally, two carbon emissions regulation strategies, specifically carbon cap-and-trade regulation and carbon taxation, are evaluated for their effectiveness in mitigating carbon footprints. The identification of waste, particularly in the form of defective items, is achieved through automated inspection techniques. The demand for spare parts associated with the assembled products is intricately linked to the selling prices set across diverse channels. Finally, the total profit of the manufacturing system is maximized with the optimized value of the selling prices, order quantity, backorder quantity, and investments in autonomated inspection, setup cost, and green technology. Numerical illustrations show that system profit was optimized when the defective rate followed a triangular distribution under carbon cap-and-trade regulation and when green technology investment helped to enhance retailer profit by 18.12%, whereas autonomated inspection increased retailer profit by 10.27%.

A Comprehensive Review on Harnessing Soy Proteins in the Manufacture of Healthy Foods through Extrusion.

The global development of livestock production systems, accelerated by the growing demand for animal products, has greatly contributed to land-use change, greenhouse gas emissions, and pollution of the local environment. Further, excessive consumption of animal products has been linked with cardiovascular diseases, digestive system diseases, diabetes, and cancer. On the other hand, snacks, pasta, and bread available on the market are made from wheat, fat, salt, and sugar, which contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. To counter these issues, a range of plant protein-based food products have been developed using different processing techniques, such as extrusion. Given the easy scalability, low cost of extrusion technology, and health benefits of soy proteins, this review focuses on the extrusion of soy protein and the potential application of soy protein-based extrudates in the manufacture of healthy, nutritious, and sustainable meat analogs, snacks, pasta products, and breakfast cereals. This review discusses the addition of soy protein to reformulate hypercaloric foods through extrusion technology. It also explores physical and chemical changes of soy proteins/soy protein blends during low and high moisture extrusion. Hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, and hydrophobic interactions influence the properties of the extrudates. Adding soy protein to snacks, pasta, breakfast cereals, and meat analogs affects their nutritional value, physicochemical properties, and sensory characteristics. The use of soy proteins in the production of low-calorie food could be an excellent opportunity for the future development of the soybean processing industry.

Atmospheric alchemy: The energy and cost dynamics of direct air carbon capture

Abstract Amid a relentless global climate crisis, the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) spotlighted Direct Air Carbon Capture (DACC) as a key intervention to mitigate escalating temperatures and CO2 levels. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) underscores the urgency of this challenge, stipulating the need for robust CO2 removal strategies. It sets a daunting yet crucial target: capture 85 million metric tons of CO2 by 2030, escalating to 980 million metric tons by 2050, to achieve net-zero emissions (IEA, Executive Summary—Direct Air Capture 2022—Analysis. https://www.iea.org/reports/direct-air-capture-2022/executive-summary). Despite this imperative, the existing 19 operational DAC facilities globally face significant barriers, including prohibitive costs and stringent regulations, which impede their large-scale application (Ozkan et al.). Current status and pillars of direct air capture technologies. Iscience (2022). While COP28 stopped short of delineating a definitive roadmap for DAC, this article addresses a vital aspect of this technology: DAC processes’ substantial energy and heat requirements, which are integral to their operational efficiency and economic viability. This article illuminates pathways for future technological evolution and cost optimization through an in-depth analysis of these requirements, thereby charting a course toward a more effective and scalable DAC infrastructure. Graphical abstract Highlights With atmospheric CO2 exceeding 420 ppm, the clock is ticking on the climate crisis. DAC offers a revolutionary approach to directly remove this excess CO2, acting as a critical tool in our fight for a sustainable future. However, current DAC systems face the challenge of high energy consumption. Continuous fan operation for air intake and sorbent material regeneration, consuming nearly 2000–3000 kWh per ton of CO2 captured, are major contributors. Optimizing these processes is crucial. Advancements in sorbent efficiency, system design that minimizes parasitic energy losses, and seamless integration with renewable energy sources are key to slashing DAC’s energy demands. By reducing its carbon footprint and enhancing economic viability, these advancements can unlock the full potential of DAC to become a game-changer in combating climate change and securing a cleaner future for our planet. Discussion Given the significant energy and heat requirements of DACC processes, what technological innovations are necessary to make these systems more energy efficient and economically viable? Considering the substantial energy demands of DACC processes, what are the most promising avenues for reducing these requirements to enhance the technology's scalability and cost-effectiveness? How can current technological limitations be overcome to scale up DACC effectively? What role could renewable energy sources play in meeting the energy and heat demands of DACC facilities, and how might this integration impact the overall carbon footprint of the carbon capture process? How do the energy and heat requirements of DACC technologies influence their location and infrastructure needs, particularly in relation to energy sources and heat sinks? What technological innovations or advancements are currently being explored to optimize the energy and heat efficiency of DACC processes, and what challenges do they face in terms of implementation and scaling? Given the significant role of DACC in achieving net-zero emissions targets, how can policy and regulatory frameworks be designed to support the development and deployment of energy-efficient DACC solutions?

Chemical-based Hydrogen Storage Systems: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Prospectives.

Hydrogen (H2) is being acknowledged as the future energy carrier due to its high energy density and potential to mitigate the intermittency of other renewable energy sources. H2 also ensures a clean, carbon-neutral, and sustainable environment for current and forthcoming generations by contributing to the global missions of decarbonization in the transportation, industrial, and building sectors. Several H2 storage technologies are available and have been employed for its secure and economical transport. The existing H2 storage and transportation technologies like liquid-state, cryogenic, or compressed hydrogen are in use but still suffer from significant challenges regarding successful realization at the commercial level. These factors affect the overall operational cost of technology. Therefore, H2 storage demands novel technologies that are safe for mobility, transportation, long-term storage, and yet it is cost-effective. This review article presents potential opportunities for H2 storage technologies, such as physical and chemical storage. The prime characteristics and requirements of H2 storage are briefly explained. A detailed discussion of chemical-based hydrogen storage systems such as metal hydrides, chemical hydrides (CH3OH, NH3, and HCOOH), and liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) is presented. Furthermore, the recent developments and challenges regarding hydrogen storage, their real-world applications, and prospects have also been debated.

Simulation Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology Diffusion under Market Competition and Policy Incentives Based on Complex Network Evolutionary Game Models

The relationship network between enterprises will change their adoption behavior of AI technology and this micro-decision-making mechanism will eventually decide whether AI technology can diffuse and the extent of diffusion on the macro level. However, the existing AI technology diffusion research mostly focuses on the integration of AI technology with other industries from the industrial level, ignoring the complexity of the micro-complex game process and interactions within the enterprise network on the macro technology diffusion. In this regard, this paper builds a game model of AI technology diffusion in core and non-core enterprises from the levels of market competition and policy incentives based on complex network evolutionary game theory. It does this through simulation analysis that examines the mechanism of key factors affecting the diffusion of AI technology, as well as the influence and combination effects of pertinent policies. The study shows that (1) AI technology diffuses more effectively in non-core enterprises than it does in core enterprises; (2) changes in parameters like technology cost and policy regimes have a more evident impact on core enterprises than non-core ones; (3) in market competition, increasing the network average degree, the proportion of AI technology products in the mainstream market, the opportunity cost, the cost reduction factor, or decreasing the cost of AI technology can all promote the diffusion of AI technology; (4) under policy incentives, increasing the proportion of AI technology subsidies and the influence of high-tech identification of enterprises can both promote the diffusion of AI technology.

Development of a conceptual model for management of technological losses of electricity in distribution networks 150-0.38 kV

The work developed a conceptual model of the process of managing the technological costs of electrical energy in 150-0.38kV distribution networks. The relevance and necessity of developing a conceptual model of the process of managing the technological costs of electricity, which is carried out in relation to the system of distribution of electrical energy (or the electrical distribution system) as a whole, including distribution electrical networks of 150-0.38 kV, is analyzed. The paper proposes a conceptual decomposition, considers the description and formalization of the power distribution system management process based on the criterion of reducing the technological costs of electricity. The proposed conceptual model describes the process of managing the technological costs of electricity in the power distribution system, as a process of regular improvement (optimization) of the functioning of the power distribution system and allows further optimization and automation of the process of managing the technological costs of electricity in the power distribution system, in order to achieve higher levels of energy efficiency of its functioning. It is shown that this model can be used to solve the tasks of not only strategic and tactical management (in terms of years and months) when forming development plans and current operation of distribution systems, but also operational optimization of technological costs of electricity at the pace of the process. Provided that the appropriate software is developed (including the forecasting of power distribution system modes and external environmental influences), the system for managing the technological costs of electrical energy is represented by three control loops that correspond to the stages of its development. Processes and information links between them are shown for each control loop. Each process in the conceptual model of the management of technological costs of electric energy has its own formal representation through generalized functional dependencies, and the information links between the processes correspond to the arguments and values of these functions. The conceptual model describes the process of managing the technological costs of electrical energy in the power distribution system as a process of regular improvement (optimization) of its functioning through increasing its energy efficiency.

Ферменты биомассы мицелия грибов Cordyceps militaris и Lentinula edodes в технологии хлеба

Cordyceps militaris and Lentinula edodes are known for their high extracellular proteolytic, amylolytic, and laccase activity, which is important for bakery production. This article describes the effect of enzymes obtained from mycelial biomass of C. militaris and L. edodes on such properties of flour mixes as amylolytic and proteolytic enzymic activity during baking, technological costs, and bread quality. The research featured strains of C. militaris SRG4 and L. edodes 3790 fungi; mycelial biomass powder of these fungi on a sterile grain substrate (rice, wheat); experimental flour mixes of wheat bread and first-grade baking flour with mycelial biomass powder; bread made from the experimental flour mixes. The experimental part included standard methods used in the bakery industry. The mycelial biomass of C. militaris and L. edodes fungi proved to be a promising baking additive because it possessed hydrolytic enzymes and was rich in protein substances (32.2 ± 1.5 and 26.4 ± 2.0%, respectively), specific mushroom polysaccharides (36.7 ± 0.8 and 52.2 ± 1.2%, respectively), and carotenoids (1600 ± 40 mcg/g of C. militaris biomass). The active amylases and proteinases in the mycelial biomass powder improved the sugar-forming ability and reduced the falling number. In addition, they raised the amount of washed gluten with a slight decrease in elasticity, as well as provided an acceptable structure and viscosity of the dough at 1–4% of mycelial biomass powder. This dose resulted in an optimal bread formulation of standard quality. A bigger amount caused the crumb to darken and increased its humidity while reducing the specific volume. The bread samples with C. militaris were too acid. Mycelial biomass of C. militaris and L. edodes proved to be a good source of enzymes to be used with grain substrates in bakery production. Further research is needed to define the optimal dose and processing modes.

Clinical diagnostic value of targeted next‑generation sequencing for infectious diseases (Review).

As sequencing technology transitions from research to clinical settings, due to technological maturity and cost reductions, metagenomic next‑generation sequencing (mNGS) is increasingly used. This shift underscores the growing need for more cost‑effective and universally accessible sequencing assays to improve patient care and public health. Therefore, targeted NGS (tNGS) is gaining prominence. tNGS involves enrichment of target pathogens in patient samples based on multiplex PCR amplification or probe capture with excellent sensitivity. It is increasingly used in clinical diagnostics due to its practicality and efficiency. The present review compares the principles of different enrichment methods. The high positivity rate of tNGS in the detection of pathogens was found in respiratory samples with specific instances. tNGS maintains high sensitivity (70.8‑95.0%) in samples with low pathogen loads, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, tNGS is effective in detecting drug‑resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, allowing identification of resistance genes and guiding clinical treatment decisions, which is difficult to achieve with mNGS. In the present review, the application of tNGS in clinical settings and its current limitations are assessed. The continued development of tNGS has the potential to refine diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy and improving infectious disease management. However, further research to overcome technical challenges such as workflow time and cost is required.

Impact of carbon dioxide removal technologies on deep decarbonization: EMF37 MARKAL–NETL modeling results

This paper examines the MARKAL-NETL modeling results for the Energy Modeling Forum study on Deep Decarbonization and High Electrification Scenarios for North America (EMF 37) with a specific focus on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies and opportunities under different scenario guidelines, policies, and technological advancements.The results demonstrate that CDR, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), direct air capture (DAC), and afforestation, are key technologies in deep decarbonization scenarios and account for 40–60 % of avoided carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions annually. From 2025 to 2050, cumulative CO2 abatement by CDR technologies will range from 37 to 47 billion tons (GtCO2), or more than 2 GtCO2 annually by 2050. The potential scale of CDR and its impact depends on the advancement and costs of energy supply and demand technologies, end-use sector electrification, and availability and costs of CDR. Results show that the price of carbon is substantially lower when advanced technologies are available, particularly in the EMF 37 carbon management scenarios [1].While BECCS deployment is likely to be constrained for environmental and/or political reasons, the results display relatively large-scale BECCS deployment. The study found that BECCS could make a substantial contribution to emissions reductions after 2035, and, in the medium term, CO2 sequestration by BECCS will depend on CO2 price; BECCS deployment starts at a carbon price of around $70/tCO2. Long-term CO2 sequestration by BECCS increases in all scenarios, reaching the same annual level of ∼890 MtCO2 by 2050 in net-zero CO2 scenarios. According to the modeling results, DAC acts as a true backstop technology at carbon prices of around $600/tCO2.

Downhole Hydrogen-Generation System Stimulates Challenging Formations in Kuwait

_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 34832, “Successful Trial of Innovative Downhole Hydrogen-Generator System To Stimulate Hard-to-Recover Formations: First in Onshore Kuwait,” by Mustafa Al-Hussaini, Hamad S. Al-Rashedi, and Nada Al-Saleh, SPE, Kuwait Oil Company, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2024 Offshore Technology Conference. _ The objective of the pilot trial described in the complete paper was to provide an economic solution to develop tight and hard-to-recover formations within the operator’s fields. These assets represent a major challenge because of their low recovery factor (1–3%), the high cost of available conventional stimulation technologies, low revenue, and inability to sustain production rates. Introduction To establish an integrated stimulation solution for tight and heavy oil formations, the concept of using active single-atom hydrogen power to enhance near-wellbore permeability was evolved. This technology is based on downhole hydrogen generation from an in-situ exothermic multistage chemical reaction between two unique hydroreacting agents (HRAs). This reaction generates a huge amount of thermal energy, active hydrogen, and other hot active gases and acid vapors. The selection of HRA compounds, and their amount and concentration, is customized for each field. Development of Business Cases West Kuwait (WK) Business Case. The M formation in the WK region is a carbonate, multifractured tight reservoir that had been producing for years but had begun experiencing a low recovery factor. Some of its wells had low-productivity issues related to tight formation characteristics and low pressure. Production could not be sustained for long periods of time even after conventional acid stimulation. The reservoir featured a carbonate reservoir thickness of 300 ft, with 70% of oil in place at the top section. The reservoir is classified as tight (less than 0.1–10 md average permeability and 10–25% porosity), with 10 fractured multilayers. Only 1–3% recovery could be achieved despite many vertical, horizontal, and multilateral wells having been drilled in the M formation. Oil is considered nonviscous (28 cp, 21 °API). Current stimulation approaches included conventional acid stimulation, which elicited a poor response, and multistage fracturing, which encountered mixed results at best. North Kuwait (NK) Business Case. The tight T formation in this region featured poor reservoir connectivity. Minimal aquifer support led to a rapid decline in reservoir pressure. In general, low mobility of oil, poor API gravity, and low permeability were the main obstacles in draining oil from the T formation, in addition to reservoir heterogeneities such as facies distribution, fracture patterns, and pressure regimes. The formation consisted of tight limestone deposited on a carbonate ramp. The reservoir is divided into three main stratigraphic units (Upper, of approximately 110 ft; Middle, of approximately 60 ft; and Lower, of approximately 16 ft). The reservoir exhibits porosity of approximately 14% and permeability of approximately 14 md and is filled with relatively-low-API hydrocarbon (19–22 °API).

Implementation of E-Health Based Technology to Improve the Health Status of the Elderly: A Literature Review

The number of elderly from year to year continues to increase, this has a significant impact on health services. The significant addition of the elderly and the worsening of the situation including decreased health, altered emotional status, inability to do activities independently make some people consider the elderly a burden. Objective: Providing ideas and ideas from the results of literature review on the implementation of E-health-based technology to improve the health status of the elderly, using smartphones to measure elderly activities, security and safety of the elderly. The method used in this research is literature review with keywords namely "technology", "elderly", and "degree of health". Searching for academic journals through Online Databases including: Science Direct, Google Scholar, ProQuest and clinical key from 2015-2022. The results of the review of 10 journals that discuss the technology of monitoring the elderly remotely via smartphones can be concluded if the development of technology to monitor the development of the elderly remotely is very satisfying because it can help caregivers and health workers in monitoring activities, the state of the elderly, and minimizing adverse events. It is hoped that future researchers can examine the ability of users to apply technology and user preparedness and costs in using this technology.

Pedagogical Implementation of Directive Feedback Manikins on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Competencies: Expert Versus Peer Coaching.

Directive feedback manikins in resuscitation training evolved faster than the pedagogical evidence. Educators and learning systems must seek clarification on the efficacy of this technology to have evidence-based practices. This project explores directive feedback device use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education for laypersons. A prospective nonrandomized-controlled design assessed two pedagogical approaches of directive feedback manikins in adult CPR lessons.The 230 participants were distributed between three groups: a control group without directive feedback manikins (no lights, NL), an expert coaching (EC) group with directive feedback and educator interpretation, and a peer coaching (PC) group with directive feedback, peer interpretation, and expert quality assurance. From the 25 courses observed, average compression depth (mm) did not differ between groups (p = .498),average compression rate (compressions: minute) significantly differed between groups (p = .004), and correct hand placement did not differ between groups (p = .249). A chi-square test showed no significant association between groups and CPR skill feedback, or between groups and "recommending the course to a friend or family member." The PC group was more likely to agree that they could "coach someone to do CPR skills" than the NL or EC. This study expands the knowledge base of directive feedback manikins in a pedagogical setting to improve CPR competencies. Training organizations may consider any of these practices effective,choosing those that align with desired outcomes. CPR educators need orientation to feedback devices as well as professional development on educational options for their use. Considerations for further research include technology costs, access, and cultural aspects of implementing these tools.

Towards a connected nation: Exploring telecommunication technology ecosystems for effective, efficient, and economical deployment strategies

This article investigates the telecommunication technology ecosystem to formulate strategies for building a connected nation using effective, efficient, and economical combination of technologies. It examines both wireless systems (e.g., Microwave Transport Radio, Cellular Access Radio Systems, WiFi, Fixed Wireless Access, Satellite Systems) and wireline systems (e.g., Fiber Optics). The analysis evaluates each technology's inherent characteristics, benefits, challenges, cost, deployment ease, capabilities, scalability, and applications in urban and rural settings. Emphasis is placed on leveraging these technologies for various services, including voice, data, video, AI, emergency services, telemedicine, and robotic health operations in underserved and urban regions. A Scenario-Need-Technology Mix Matrix (SNTMM) is developed to assist service providers, governments, policymakers, program managers, and communities in selecting the appropriate technologies to meet their needs effectively and economically.

A CRITIC-CODAS Approach for Ranking WirelessCommunication Technologies in Precision Agriculture: Application to Irrigation System

This study evaluates and ranks wireless communication technologies for agricultural irrigation systems using the CRITIC-CODAS multi-criteria decision-making method. Technologies including WSN, LPWAN, LoRa, 5G, IoT, and NB-IoT are compared based on range, power consumption, data rate, coverage, latency, battery life, and device density. The CRITIC method is used to objectively determine criteria weights, with data rate, latency, and battery life emerging as the most important factors. 5G ranks highest with its superior data rate and device density, but its high-power needs may limit suitability for remote agriculture. IoT offers a balanced option across multiple criteria, while WSN excels in power efficiency and battery life. LPWAN, LoRa, and NB-IoT provide excellent range and battery life for wide-area, low-power applications despite lower data rates. The analysis provides a framework for stakeholders to select appropriate technologies based on specific agricultural requirements. Matching wireless technologies to irrigation needs can enhance agricultural sustainability and productivity. Further research could explore technology combinations, cost factors, and real-world testing. This systematic evaluation approach can be extended to other smart agriculture applications to optimize technology adoption.

Metaverse ve Psikiyatri: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Today, with the development of technology, the concept of the virtual world is gaining more and more importance. "Metaverse", which has become popular in recent years, aims to provide an environment where people can interact, do business, have fun and even live in the digital world. Metaverse, which has become increasingly popular in recent years, offers many different uses in the field of mental health. However, we do not yet have enough information about the effects of this technology on mental health. The effect of Metaverse on mental health has been the subject of many researches that it can be used in areas such as the treatment of psychological disorders, stress reduction, self-confidence, and development of social interaction skills. The biggest advantage of using Metaverse for psychiatric treatment is that the virtual world is separated from the real world. Therefore, the stress, anxiety and other emotional reactions experienced during treatment have no real-life consequences. In addition, the therapist is easier to access in the virtual world and can help patients adapt to treatment more easily. However, the use of Metaverse for psychiatric treatment also has some disadvantages. For example, this method of treatment may be an unrealistic experience for some patients and not effective enough for others. Also, this treatment modality has limited accessibility as it requires high cost equipment and technology. In particular, there has not been enough research on the relationship between the use of Metaverse in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric diseases. More research is needed on the effect of Metaverse on mental health. In particular, more studies are needed on its long-term effects and effects on different people. In this review, studies investigating the potential relationship between Metaverse technology and psychiatry and how this technology can be used in the psychiatric field are reviewed.

Обоснование технологии получения заготовки для ножа исполнительного органа геохода

Introduction. In the construction of the geohod, a blade executive body is used as a working body, which is an element of screw blades rigidly connected to each other in the center of the geohod. The shape of the body is proposed to be made in a helicoid shape, taking into account the specifics of the operation of the underground unit. Therefore, at present, the development and justification of technological solutions for the manufacture of knives of various shapes of the executive body is an urgent task. Materials and methods. The paper considers the main methods for obtaining a body blank of the executive body of the geohod, based on the structural, functional and technological features of the geohod design. To determine the rational variant of the casting method, the main technological capabilities of the casting methods are analyzed. To assess the effectiveness of casting methods, such indicators as: the material utilization factor and the technological cost of the work piece are considered. It is noted that one of the traditional approaches for obtaining a billet is the method of metalworking by pressure. To obtain a blank of the body, the possibility of using rolling and bending technology is considered. The choice of pressure treatment technology is justified. Research results and their discussions. The results of calculations of the technological cost of the casting billet show that it is advisable to use shell casting to obtain a body billet in the conditions of mass production of underground aggregates. Also, the results of determining the technological cost of the work piece by pressure treatment show that it is advisable to use the bending method to obtain a body blank in conditions of small-scale production and medium-scale production of equipment. Conclusion. To choose a method for obtaining a blank body of the executive body, it is necessary to take into account a number of features of the application of methods for obtaining a blank. First of all, it is necessary to take into account the type of production, the degree of ensuring accuracy and quality, especially in terms of strength characteristics, the possibility of using high-performance equipment to increase the productivity of the enterprise. Resume. The article presents the results of research to determine the choice of a method for obtaining a body blank of the executive body of the geohod. It is established that when choosing a method for obtaining a work piece, it is necessary to take into account the type of production, the degree of accuracy and quality, especially in terms of strength characteristics, and the possibility of using high-performance equipment to increase production productivity. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research can be made in the implementation of the body manufacturing technology of the executive body of the geohod, taking into account the optimal geometry of the cutting edge of the body and the type of production of tunneling units.

Green Technology Opportunities and Challenges in Sustainable Marine Logistics

The maritime logistics sector plays an important role in supporting global trade, but also contributes to significant greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impacts. To overcome these challenges, the adoption of green technologies is becoming increasingly important in achieving sustainable maritime logistics. This research aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of implementing green technology in the maritime logistics industry. Through literature studies, interviews with stakeholders, and case studies, this research identifies three main opportunities, namely reducing emissions and environmental impacts, operational efficiency and cost savings, as well as regulatory compliance, and improving company reputation. However, significant challenges were also identified, including high initial investment costs, lack of supporting infrastructure, regulatory barriers, and limited incentives. To overcome this challenge, collaboration between government, industry, financial institutions, and civil society is needed to develop a comprehensive regulatory framework, provide incentives, and facilitate investment in supporting infrastructure. Further research is also needed to analyze the environmental impacts and life cycle costs of different green technologies, as well as explore innovative business models and funding strategies. The transition towards green and sustainable maritime logistics is not only important to preserve the environment, but also to ensure long-term economic and social sustainability.