Technology-based Organizations Research Articles

Sustainable Business Model Innovation Within a Complex Environment

Sustainability is becoming an emerging issue since it attempts to fulfill current needs without sacrificing future generations. The role of the private sector is considered necessary in supporting sustainability, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Implementation of a sustainable business model (SBM) has the potential to enable support for sustainability. Many business organizations have claimed to produce an SBM, but many have failed or are insufficient to provide sustainability benefits due to complexity. Therefore, available concepts regarding principles in SBM innovation need to be improved to have greater capacity in dealing with complexity. This paper explores principles for SBM innovation and the relationships between the elements based on empirical evidence through a longitudinal case study in a technology-based organization in Indonesia’s agriculture sector. The results show that seven principles, so-called “ecosystem-centric principles,” are a building block to successful SBM innovation. One principle determined the success of the other principles, and as a whole, work simultaneously and systemically in creating SBM innovation. The business model combines several basic SBMs and develops as an accelerator type of business model and, in a particular phase, combines the model with the crisispreneur. Compared to other SBM principles, the ‘ecosystem-centric principles’ is superior to dealing with a complex environment.

Advanced Feature-Selection-Based Hybrid Ensemble Learning Algorithms for Network Intrusion Detection Systems

As cyber-attacks become remarkably sophisticated, effective Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are needed to monitor computer resources and to provide alerts regarding unusual or suspicious behavior. Despite using several machine learning (ML) and data mining methods to achieve high effectiveness, these systems have not proven ideal. Current intrusion detection algorithms suffer from high dimensionality, redundancy, meaningless data, high error rate, false alarm rate, and false-negative rate. This paper proposes a novel Ensemble Learning (EL) algorithm-based network IDS model. The efficient feature selection is attained via a hybrid of Correlation Feature Selection coupled with Forest Panelized Attributes (CFS–FPA). The improved intrusion detection involves exploiting AdaBoosting and bagging ensemble learning algorithms to modify four classifiers: Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, and K-Nearest Neighbor. These four enhanced classifiers have been applied first as AdaBoosting and then as bagging, using the aggregation technique through the voting average technique. To provide better benchmarking, both binary and multi-class classification forms are used to evaluate the model. The experimental results of applying the model to CICIDS2017 dataset achieved promising results of 99.7%accuracy, a 0.053 false-negative rate, and a 0.004 false alarm rate. This system will be effective for information technology-based organizations, as it is expected to provide a high level of symmetry between information security and detection of attacks and malicious intrusion.

The Adaptive Learning Effects in Developing Coercive Digital Leadership: Efforts to Improve Lecturer Performance in Central Java Province Through Integration of Transformational Leadership, Power and Digital Intellectuality

Developing a holistic business management model that guarantees transformation and high technology-based organizations are carried out for sustained value generation and global competitiveness may provide an organization with a competitive edge. This study's objective was to investigate the performance development model of lecturers at private Islamic institutions in Central Java, which is based on coercive digital leadership and adaptive learning. This research approach employs "Explanatory Research" or explanatory study, which stresses the link between research variables (causality) by testing the hypothesis that the description includes descriptions, but the emphasis is on the relationship between variables. In order to protect anonymity, data collection is conducted by distributing questionnaires that are sent directly to the leadership of the higher education institution via the Dean of the Faculty and returned in an envelope. There are both open and closed questions. Data Analysis The research data were examined descriptively, quantitatively, and using PLS Software. In addition to the analysis of the Partial Least Square Test, an analysis of the PLS model utilizing the analytical approaches of Convergent Validity, Discriminant Validity, Convergent Validity, and Inner Model Analysis was also performed, followed by hypothesis testing and model assessment. Adaptive learning has a substantial positive effect on coercive digital leadership performance, adaptive learning has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance, and coercive digital leadership has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance, as determined by PLS analysis.

Analysis of Green IT practices in technology-based organizations

Purpose: This paper aims to analyze Green IT practices adopted by technology-based organizations.Methodology: The study had a quantitative approach and the data were collected through a questionnaire, which was answered by 105 managers working in companies in the IT sector in BrazilFindings: Evidence collected showed that companies have a reactive behavior towards Green IT because they do not have, as their strategic objective, an increase in the general perception of value that consumers have about the company, nor do they seek competitivess based on sustainable development.Originality/value: In the Brazilian research scenario, the search for the keywords “Green IT”, “Green Information Technology”, “Green IT” and “Green Information Technology” on the Scielo search platform, found only five articles, on July 15th, 2020. In a search on the SPELL portal and CAPES Portal of Journals, also on July 15th, using the aforementioned keywords, four articles were found, in addition to those already found on the Scielo portal. Such results demonstrate how the topic is still little explored in the context of research in Brazil. It is important to note that Green IT comes up as a way of combining the available resources with the sustainability and economy policies in organizations, generating benefits for the environment and companies, providing opportunities for new business platforms.

Exploring the need for a new paradigm in engineering management and the decision-making process in technology-based organisations

Abstract Engineering management and engineering projects are subject to greater levels of uncertainty and complexity as part of the current dynamic and competitive industrial environment. Engineering managers need to navigate the arising challenges and consequently gain access to effective decision-making processes. Engineering education has a clear role to play here. However, formal education in quantitative methods is only part of the solution — engineers and engineering managers should also have access to a broader set of skills and knowledge to be effective in the industrial landscape. Therefore, we now need a new paradigm for engineering management and the decision-making process. This article draws on supporting material from the literature and the insights gained from a series of industrial cases using the participatory action research method and a process of inductive reasoning to allow synthesis of generalised propositions that are linked to the industrial cases and antecedent factors from the literature. The findings lead to a set of areas that require further development to support engineering managers to be more effective when dealing with increasing levels of uncertainty and complexity. This includes a number of areas, which are as follow: the need for engineering managers to have enhanced professional skills and knowledge; the importance of experience-based judgement; effective knowledge management; supportive leadership and overall organisational culture; and a holistic approach to decision-making. The research study has practical relevance to engineering management practitioners working in industrial companies to support self-evaluation and professional development. The findings are also pertinent to academic researchers seeking to evaluate decision-making models as part of extending the current understanding of the field of engineering management in technology-based organisations.

Cultivating Safety in the Information Technology Era

In the information technology era, the banking industry must compete in an external environment characterized by high levels of uncertainty, complexity and change. Accidents in high-risk manufacturing organizations are generally related to safety studies. The researcher attempted to study "accidents" due to network vulnerabilities in IT-based organizations using the safety concept. This qualitative study is important because it provides analysis of IT support for organizational development. This study used multi-case study and grounded research approaches. The process of developing an information safety climate is considered an alternative solution other than technology. The study revealed that normal accident theory can be used to explain accidents in IT-based organizations. The process of developing an information security climate in banking organizations is categorized as the emergency type. The manifestation of information safety climate is attentiveness, accountability, ethical sensitivity, integrity and sustainability. Phases that need to be undergone in cultivating the safety climate are: adaptation, learning, awareness to risk, and resilience. Thus, it can be concluded that the climate of an IT-based organization is different from the climate of a non technology-based organization.

Comparing the Effects of Leadership and Organizational Culture on Innovation in Technology-Based Organizations and Other Industries

The relationship between leadership, organizational culture and innovation is examined. One hundred and two Portuguese organizations from different activities sectors participated in the study. In each organization, top managers were asked about the innovation activity and employees were asked about the leadership and organizational culture of their organizations. Organizations were classified as either technology-based or non-technology-based. A structural model was tested by multi-group analysis, considering the sector of activity, technology-based companies and non-technology-based companies.

Net-Police: A network patrolling service for effective mitigation of volumetric DDoS attacks

Volumetric Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are a significant concern for information technology-based organizations. These attacks result in significant revenue losses in terms of wastage of resources and unavailability of services at the victim (e.g., business websites, DNS servers, etc.) as well as the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) along the path of the attack. The state-of-the-art DDoS mitigation mechanisms attempt to alleviate the losses at either the victim or the ISPs, but not both. In this paper, we present Net-Police, which is a traffic patrolling system for DDoS mitigation. Net-Police identifies the sources of attack so that filters can be employed at these sources in order to quickly mitigate the attack. Such a solution effectively prevents the flow of malicious traffic across the ISP networks, thereby benefiting the ISPs also. Net-Police patrols the network by designating a small number of routers as dynamic packet taggers, to prune benign regions in the network, and localize the search to the Autonomous Systems (AS) from which the attack originates. We evaluate the proposed solution on 257 real-world topologies from the Internet Topology Zoo library and the Internet AS level topology. The paper also presents details of our hardware test-bed platform consisting of 30 routers on which network services such as Net-Police can be implemented and studied for on-field feasibility. Our experiments reveal that Net-Police performs better than the state-of-the-art cloud-based and traceback-based solutions in terms of ISP bandwidth savings and availability of the victim to legitimate clients.

2018 Mostly a Sideways Market Masking a Lot of Excitement: Innovation and Science Keep the Party Rolling

Building science and technology-based organizations requires a reliable and steady stream of funding across the life cycle of the company. Along with building a good team, building a network of reliable and high value partners is essential. The financial community itself, however goes through periods of “ups and downs” and synchronizing financial strategy with reality can be challenging. Therefore, it is necessary to build and maintain a good understanding of the realities of the “state of the financial community” for access to capital and for exits such as M&A and IPOs. In this paper we provide a brief overview of the “state of the market” in 2018.

Prioritizing the Components of Intellectual Capital in Technology-based Organizations Using the FGAHP Method

Prioritizing the Components of Intellectual Capital in Technology-based Organizations Using the FGAHP Method

Marketing for Science Based Organizations Perspectives and Questions

Summary Marketing for research and science-based organizations is complex and not well understood; especially by the research, scientific, and technical communities. This paper presents a conceptual framework for scientists in research and science-based organizations to think about their organization’s marketing and sales functions, and related processes. NASA, one of the world’s most successful research organizations, which put two American astronauts on the moon in approximately 8 years, is briefly explored. The role of 21st Century research and science-based organizations in creating societal, organizational, and individual wealth is examined via a conceptual framework of the virtuous wealth creation process. Two forms of intrinsic organizational cultural conflict are examined; the external cultural conflicts between potential customers and the technology organization, and the internal conflict between scientists and economic managers. Strategic marketing is addressed and consists of market need, market segmentation, choosing a target market, and the organization’s position relative to the target market and competition. Tactical marketing (AKA sales) and its elements are delineated - product, price, promotion, physical distribution, and most importantly - personnel. The integration of all elements of strategic and tactical marketing into a cohesive whole is underscored. Additionally, several marketing and sales questions are posed to facilitate self-assessment by research and technology-based organizations.

The Relationship Between Implementing Knowledge Management Practices in on-the-Job Training and Developing Professional Skills of Oil Industry Employees

In the technology-based organizations that are active in oil industry, the enjoyment of the employees of the specialized knowledge and skills plays a determinative role in their vocational performance. Inter alia the various prerequisites for such specialized skills in the employees, the present study has dealt with the evaluation of the knowledge management effect. The current study paper is an applied research in terms of its objectives and it has been carried out based on descriptive-survey method. The study population included the operational workers of Naft-e-Shomal Excavation Company that reached to a total of 2000 individuals out of whom 322 individuals were selected as the study sample volume based on convenience method. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire the reliability of which was evaluated based on Cronbach’s alpha method and a value equal to 0.86 was obtained. The data analyses have been undertaken assisted by path analysis and t-test statistical examinations through taking advantage of LISREL software and SPSS software. The results indicated that all four practices of knowledge management (knowledge creation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge sharing) exert positive and significant effects on the employees’ development of specialized skills. Also, it was figured out that the company is in a good status in terms of both of the abovementioned factors.

Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and their possible influences on intent to turnover

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the organizational commitment and job satisfaction influence intent to turnover.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a quantitative approach regarding methodological aspects of this research, a case study was carried out in a company of information technology and communication located in Porto Digital, in the Northeast of Brazil. A data collection technique with 172 forms, a self-administered form with 18 closed questions with a Likert-type scale and an open questionnaire were used. In this analysis, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used as the technique; besides the descriptive statistics, a correlation was made between dependent variables (intention of rotation) and independent variables (affective, normative, instrumental and work satisfaction). The level of organizational commitment in its three dimensions (affective, normative and instrumental), the job satisfaction in its five dimensions (satisfaction with nature of the task, with leadership, with colleagues, with salary and promotions) and the level of intent to turnover from the respondents were investigated.FindingsThe results suggest that affective and normative commitments and satisfaction with pay, satisfaction with promotions and satisfaction with the nature of the work are correlated with the intention of negative turnover significantly. Among the demographic factors, only the age showed a negative correlation with intent to turnover. By performing multiple regression analysis, we identified that the variables that most impacted the turnover intention are affective commitment, satisfaction with salary and normative commitment. The qualitative portion of this study was accomplished through a content analysis of the open question of the form. Finally, one of the main considerations is the findings that revealed variables other than those adopted in the study, which influence the permanence of the respondents.Research limitations/implicationsAmong the limitations of the research a single case study is highlighted that replicates the experience in other ICT companies to verify if the results found are similar in other organizations and in other segments. The findings direct the construction and validation of new scales, the creation of qualitative protocols to identify the variables that influence the retention of a specific group of individuals to serve as a guide for the elaboration of a questionnaire, as well as creation of surveys of longitudinal nature to correlate the data of intention of rotation with the effective turnover.Practical implicationsBased on the results, organizations can reduce voluntary evasion by adjusting actions, policies and practices, directing those responsible for People Management to attract and retain good employees. It should be emphasized that voluntary turnover should be treated as one of the management indicators of greater relevance by organizations, representing a thermometer of all human capital management.Social implicationsThe monitoring of employment and unemployment levels is part of the public policy agenda for generating employment and income in Brazil. For organizations, employee turnover can and should be managed and monitored so that appropriate levels are found and their consequences are minimized through effective solutions. The results are important both for technology-based organizations and for all stakeholders interested in the subject as the public power.Originality/valueAlthough in the international literature turnover is a topic of study for many years, in the Brazilian context, there is a shortage of research on the subject, specifically in the sector of advanced technology where there is a great lack of skilled labor, a fierce competition and where to keep employees standard high becomes a survival factor. This study may contribute to the exploration in the local literature, as it will help locate the academy on the Brazilian reality and open the doors to new research works on turnover and its possible correlations with other variables besides organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

The role of project management in organisational sustainable growth of technology-based firms

Project management plays an important role in the sustainable growth of technology-based firms. However, the fundamental relationship between the project management factors and sustainable growth of the firms has not been fully discovered. This exploratory research identifies the critical project management factors that contributing to sustainable growth of technology-based organisations. Based on literature review and demo interviews, a two-level evaluation structure is developed for further structured interview survey. Over 60 experts working in technology-based organisations are invited to the structured interview. A project management framework for organisational sustainable growth was extracted from three dimensions: personal, team and organisational levels. Furthermore, the practical implementation of these identified factors is measured by satisfaction through interview survey. The research provided researchers and practitioners of technology-based firms with an understanding of the contribution of key project management factors to organisational sustainable growth.

Organisational Narratives of Applied Knowledge in Technology-Based Organisations

This paper presents the conclusions of four case studies in technology-based (TB) organisations. These companies have a strong international presence and also represent success-stories of Portuguese innovation, covering the 1980s through to the 2000s. Using a qualitative approach, the authors pinpoint the critical success factors that made these companies a reference in terms of innovation. These cases were chosen as they all recount the successful application of sustainable innovation in social processes to organisations. The research question was: What are the key factors that drive innovation processes in successful Portuguese technology-based organisations? Results show that the lessons learned from narratives of innovation play an instrumental role in the comprehension of social interaction complexities. Furthermore, the study identifies several management practices that highlight the significance of the players involved in innovation. The findings show that a passion for knowledge and its productive applications are key differentiating factors.

A externalização em P&D como estratégia de organizações industriais de base tecnológica

A capacidade de inovar tornou-se determinante para o diferencial competitivo sustentável das organizações. A necessária transversalidade desse processo, entretanto, tem provocado polêmica quanto à externalização ou não dessas atividades. Alguns autores argumentam que a externalização minimiza custos de supervisão e controle de processos internos, permite a aquisição do conhecimento externo e aumenta a produtividade de P&D e, portanto, a taxa de inovação. Outros destacam que a internalização de P&D viabiliza a gestão do conhecimento internamente desenvolvido, idiossincrático, não imitável, insubstituível e raro, para a construção do diferencial competitivo da organização. A temática é contemporânea e relevante, principalmente para o posicionamento estratégico das empresas. Este artigo foi construído com base em resultados obtidos em um estudo de casos múltiplos em três organizações industriais de base tecnológica. Os resultados permitiram evidenciar que a decisão sobre externalizar as atividades de P&D é central para fundamentar o posicionamento estratégico dessas organizações.

The effects of chaos edge management on intentional organizational forgetting with emphasis on quantum learning (case study: information technology-based organizations)

Unlike learning process, the critical phenomenon of organizational forgetting is not entirely understood. There are two categories of forgetting: accidental forgetting (not-preferred) and intentional forgetting (preferred). Therefore, all the variables that influence intentional forgetting can be important for organizational learning. One of them, which have been neglected thus far, is the edge of chaos in quantum learning. It is the point that a balance is achieved between stability and chaos. Organizational innovation, learning, and creativity all reach a proper level at this point. Along with emphasizing on these variables and surveying an IT-based organization, the present study is an attempt to discover the causal relationships between the variables. Based on the data from 289 filled out questionnaires, of which reliability and validity have been confirmed, structural equations model was developed in AMOS. The results showed that the all path coefficients were significant. In addition, comparison of goodness of fit indices and the standard range showed that all indices were acceptable and the main hypothesis regarding effectiveness of quantum learning on organizational forgetting was supported. The effect of quantum learning on organizational forgetting in non-standard and standard conditions was 0.51 and 0.28, respectively. Keywords: quantum learning, edge of chaos management, intentional organizational forgetting. JEL Classification: D83, D23

Mediating Role of Value Congruence on the Relationship between Relational Demography and Satisfaction from Team Leader: A Research in Technology-based Organization.

The importance of “human” has become more apparent in today's increasingly competitive environment. Considering the effect of technology on organizations and work, a remarkable factor for solving human-oriented problems is having an employee congruent with his/her organization, team and leader. Considering fit as a tool for creating this employee profile has become a research topic in the field of human resource management for the last several years. In the light of developing technology, increasing of technology-based organizations cause project-based work and teams that are commonly occurred in these organizations to increase in number. Therefore, the result of employee's fit/misfit with the organization, group and team leader gain importance for organizations. One of the effects related to fit/misfit is employees’ perception about their team leader.In this research, the effects of congruence between individual values and organizational values, between individual values and team values, attitude similarity regarding job execution between individual and co-workers/leaders, and demographic similarity of individual with team leader on the satisfaction from team leader are investigated. Demographic similarity with team leader and attitude similarity regarding job executionbetween individual and co-workers/leaders are termed as relational demography. According to research findings, value congruence has full mediation effect on the relationship between demographic similarity with the leader and satisfaction from team leader. But, it shows partial mediation effect between similarity regarding job execution and satisfaction from the leader.

Technology-based state growth policies: the case of North Carolina’s Green Business Fund

US technology-based initiatives at the state level continue to emphasize regional economic development and job growth. Many are now also focused on green technologies. This paper describes one such green program, the North Carolina Green Business Fund. Based on an analysis of 24 funded R&D projects in 2008 and 2009, we find that 59 new full-time equivalent jobs were created in the short run through this program. We also find that those organizations that can attract greater additional financial support for their research generate more jobs. Lastly, we find that university involvement in these projects tempers job losses among projects discontinued early as well as job growth among those that commercialized their technologies. We cautiously offer, because of limited data, recommendations to states with similar programs to create structures to advise technology-based research organizations about sources of additional financial resources.

Measuring efficiency and productivity growth of new technology-based firms in business incubators: the Portuguese case study of Madan Parque.

Business incubators can play a major role in helping to turn a business idea into a technology-based organization that is economically efficient. However, there is a shortage in the literature regarding the efficiency evaluation and productivity evolution of the new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in the incubation scope. This study develops a model based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology, which allows the incubated NTBFs to evaluate and improve the efficiency of their management. Moreover, the Malmquist index is used to examine productivity change. The index is decomposed into multiple components to give insights into the root sources of productivity change. The proposed model was applied in a case study with 13 NTBFs incubated. From that study, we conclude that inefficient firms invest excessively in research and development (R&D), and, on average, firms have a productivity growth in the period of study.