Technology-based Approach Research Articles

Trading Degrees of Freedom: User Control in Pens, GPT, and Automated Vehicles

Technology development often has profound consequences for human agency. Considering the evolution of seemingly mundane tools, such as pens, can help us anticipate the consequences of emerging technology. We consider how the evolution of pens might guide automation and artificial intelligence (AI) design. Automation and AI change activities by trading degrees of freedom—expanding, eliminating, or resolving—to transform intent into action. The evolution of pens shows three approaches to trading degrees of freedom. A technology-based approach eliminates degrees of freedom to improve efficiency A human-centered approach trades degrees of freedom to enhance human agency. A system-centered approach trades degrees of freedom to address domain entropy and promote resilience. We link trading degrees of freedom to concrete design considerations with examples from pens, large language models, and vehicle automation. We hope that analyzing a technology far removed from AI and vehicle automation will provoke new discussions of humanautomation interaction.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHODOLOGY OF INTERNAL AUDIT OF BUDGET EXPENSES

In the article, a study was conducted on the improvement of the methodology of internal audit of budget expenditures, the opinions of economists were studied, and the position of the author was cited. Improving the methodology of internal audit of budget expenditures is important for organizations seeking to improve financial management, strengthen budget control, and ensure optimal use of public funds. Based on the importance of internal audit functions in transparency, accountability and effective management of budget resources by continuously improving audit practices, applying technology-based approaches and adapting to emerging best practices, the final conclusion was formed at the end of the study.

Management of hospital admission, patient information and education, and immediate preoperative care.

An increasing proportion of surgical procedures involves elderly and frail patients in high-income countries, leading to an increased risk of postoperative complications. Complications significantly impact patient outcomes and costs, due to prolonged hospitalization and loss of autonomy. Consequently, it is crucial to evaluate preoperative functional status in older patients, to tailor the perioperative plan, and evaluate risks. The hospital environment often exacerbates cognitive impairments in elderly and frail patients, also increasing the risk of infection, falls, and malnutrition. Thus, it is essential to work on dedicated pathways to reduce hospital readmissions and favor discharges to a familiar environment. In this context, the use of wearable devices and telehealth has been promising. Telemedicine can be used for preoperative evaluations and to allow earlier discharges with continuous monitoring. Wearable devices can track patient vitals both preoperatively and postoperatively. Preoperative education of patient and caregivers can improve postoperative outcomes and is favored by technology-based approach that increases flexibility and reduce the need for in-person clinical visits and associated travel; moreover, such approaches empower patients with a greater understanding of possible risks, moving toward shared decision-making principles. Finally, caregivers play an integral role in patient improvement, for example, in the prevention of delirium. Hence, their inclusion in the care process is not only advantageous but essential to improve perioperative outcomes in this population.

Transformasi Epos I La Galigo dalam Bentuk Cerita Bergambar Sebagai Media Visualisasi Pembelajaran IPS: Inovasi atau Tantangan?

This research is based on important developments in historiography which are critical of tradition as a source of history. Traditional cultural heritage can be found in folklore around the world, including Bugis folklore in Epic I La Galigo which is a source of personality identity for South Sulawesi, Indonesia which must be passed on to the younger generation. This condition demands that the Bugis folklore, Indonesia in the First Epic of La Galigo must be transformed according to the demands of technology with fun, creative and innovative learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the cultural value of Bugis folklore, South Sulawesi, Indonesia in the Epic I La Galigo as a source of social studies learning, and to find out the transformation of Bugis I La Galigo folklore as an innovation or challenge-based social studies learning resource. The research method used is the literature study method by reviewing the literature from various criteria ranging from books, journals or articles and documentation at the La Galigo Museum. The results of the study show that the cultural values in Epic I La Galigo are: (1) Siri' and Pesse', (2) Sumangeq and Inninawa, (3) Preservation of the environment, (4), Lempuk (honest), (5) Getteng (steadfast on the establishment) and (6) Mutual respect. The transformation of Bugis folklore in I La Galigo is an innovative social studies teacher's creative pedagogy by improvising through the development of material content into three media: (1) an oral tradition based on picture story media, (2) an oral tradition based on video animation media as visualization, and (3) webtoon-based media. This research is expected to be a responsive social studies learning transformation movement with a technology-based approach, so that teachers and students are qualified and skilled at innovating through folklore.

Technology Integration in Islamic Education: Policy Framework and Adoption Challenges

This study aims to find how the strategy for implementing technology integration in Islamic education is effective and how to overcome the challenges of adopting technology integration in Islamic education. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Qualitative descriptive research is research that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. The type of research used in this research is literature study. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive analysis, by looking for patterns and finding themes that emerged from the materials collected. This study was analyzed by the stages of data collection, data presentation, data condensation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the strategy for implementing technology integration in Islamic education is through improving technology infrastructure, training and professional development for teachers and education managers, preparing relevant digital Islamic content, and a technology-based curriculum approach. Addressing the challenges of adopting technology integration in Islamic education through increasing the accessibility of technology, developing technology training and certification programs for teachers, diversifying funding sources for technology integration, and a flexible approach to curriculum development and evaluation

A Health Status Assessment Method of Switchgear in Substation Based on Digital Twin Technology and Random Matrix Model

The methods for maintaining and monitoring the condition of the power system have changed significantly with the advancement of modern communication and information technology. A strong foundation for the use of digital twin technology and data science in the diagnosis of switchgear health status is provided by the efficient collection of enormous, high-dimensional equipment operation data. This research proposes a digital twin technology-based and random matrix model-based substation switchgear diagnosis approach. The health status of the switchgear can be estimated by mining the potential value of high-dimensional switchgear operation data and relying on data science techniques like high-dimensional statistical analysis and artificial intelligence. This will give maintenance personnel strong support as they develop response strategies.

Integrated Care for Patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder in Primary Care - A Qualitative Participatory Evaluation of a Randomised Feasibility Trial

The VISION intervention is a manualized short-term treatment for people with somatic symptom disorder, integrated into the primary care and delivered by psychotherapists via video consultations. As an innovative technology-based approach, the intervention was most recently piloted in a randomized feasibility trial. During the qualitative accompanying study presented here, the intervention was evaluated and optimised from the user perspective of patients who participated in the feasibility study. We interviewed a total of N=10 patients included in the intervention group in three semi structured focus group discussions focusing on how they (1) assess the intervention in terms of acceptance and individual benefit and (2) which adjustments are necessary from the user perspective for further optimization of the intervention. We performed a qualitative content analysis using MAXQDA Plus 2022. Respondents reported initial reservations on their part regarding care via video consultation. After a brief period of habituation, the intervention was universally accepted. Main suggestions for improvement included a stronger focus on supporting patients find follow-up psychotherapy (if indicated) more flexible settings (e. g., location of video consultation), and a stronger integration of treatment into primary care. The study provides systematically elaborated comprehensive findings on participants' practical experiences with the intervention. The model is appropriate for treating people with somatic symptom disorder. Before implementation, important suggestions for improvement should be thoroughly considered with continued patient and public involvement.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Dispepsia Dengan Metode Forward Chaining

Dyspepsia is a digestive disorder that causes discomfort or pain in the stomach. In expert systems, the forward chaining method is used to diagnose this disease. This method evaluates the facts or symptoms obtained from the patient, then determines the appropriate diagnosis. The application of the forward chaining method in an expert system allows for an efficient and systematic evaluation of patient symptoms, so that patients can make their own detections and can make further decisions so that their disease can be treated immediately. This technology-based approach enhances the diagnostic process and facilitates rapid intervention. The expert system developed to diagnose dyspepsia has been successfully implemented using knowledge that includes 21 symptoms and 3 types of related diseases. System validation was carried out by testing 30 data samples, and the results showed that the system has an accuracy rate of up to 90% in correctly identifying and diagnosing dyspepsia. This shows that the expert system has a high level of expertise in analyzing the symptoms presented and providing a reliable diagnosis

Assessing Cognitive Skills in Early Childhood Education Using a Bilingual Early Language Learner Assessment Tool.

In this article, we propose that basic cognitive skills may be fostered and assessed in early childhood educational (pre-K) settings using a technology-based approach to assessment. BELLA (Bilingual English Language Learner Assessment), designed for use with both monolingual (English or Spanish speaking) and bilingual (English and Spanish speaking) children, is designed to attend to cognitive skill development in addition to (pre-)academic knowledge. Specifically, BELLA assesses analytical, creative, and practical thinking in 3-5-year-old children through unique item content and delivery. BELLA is among the first tablet-based pre-K assessments designed to assess cognitive skills needed for the era of the Anthropocene.

Teaching older people new tricks: Tackling digital exclusion in Post-Covid service provision

The Covid-19 pandemic necessitated a shift in service delivery, replacing face-to-face therapy with telephone and technology-based approaches. However, this transition left many older adults without the necessary equipment and unfamiliar with digital platforms, resulting in digital exclusion. To bridge this gap, our older people’s mental health service loaned mobile SIM-enabled tablets, adapted for ease of use, to those lacking internet access. With comprehensive training and support, even individuals with no prior experience successfully engaged with the devices, challenging ageist beliefs. As information technology becomes the new norm for health services, it is essential to equip, adapt, train, and support older people to counter digital exclusion.

Teachers’ and Students’ Opinions on the Use of Technology in German Teaching in Secondary Education: A Needs Analysis of a Technology-Based Methodical Approach

Teachers’ and Students’ Opinions on the Use of Technology in German Teaching in Secondary Education: A Needs Analysis of a Technology-Based Methodical Approach

PODCASTS IMPACTS IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS TO JORDANIAN EFL UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

English plays a vital role in ensuring flawless communication and interaction amongst people. This study aims to investigate the speaking enhancement throughout podcasting use as a teaching method. Besides, it focuses on how this podcasting enhances speaking of English language. In this study, the researcher focuses on university students in Jordan. In order to achieve such aims, this study employed quasi-experimental design. The findings concluded based on the lecturers’ observation during implementing speaking test that EFL students committed several speaking errors and these errors are found to be caused due to lack of vocabulary, pronunciation difficulties, grammar differences, listening difficulties, tenses, morphological error categories, and preposition use. It also found that students are positively affected by the use of technology-based teaching approach (podcast), additionally, it is concluded that technology-based approach positively affected students’ speaking skill. This study recommends that teachers and students should focus when improving speaking skills on the use of technology tools. In addition, it is recommended to conduct further studies focusing on the causes of speaking difficulties.

Information Fusion Technology-based Approach to Mining Civic Political Elements in College Curriculum

Abstract The excavation and sorting out of the thinking political elements of college courses directly determines the transmission content, promotion mode, and final effect of the course thinking political. In order to study the role of information fusion technology in the excavation of Civic Science elements in college courses, this paper investigates the current situation of college course Civic Science construction and practices the method of excavating Civic Science elements by information fusion with the help of specific course examples. From the results, both courses have achieved good results. Regarding the mining effect, 56.2% of the students in the first course thought the effect was obvious, and 54.1% of the students in the second course gave the same evaluation. Students who thought the effect was very bad were 3.5% for the first course and 2.8% for the second course. Compared with the research results, the students who think the effect is very good in a comprehensive view have relatively increased by 21.74%, and those who think the effect is very poor have relatively decreased by 25%. In terms of the role of Civic Education, there was a significant increase in students’ educational ratings in the classroom after the element mining method with the help of information integration. The average score of students’ ratings for the first course increased by 5.5 points, a 9.12% increase in comparison, with the highest score being 68.5 points. For the second course, the average student rating increased by 5 points, or 7.95%, with the highest score being 69.5. To sum up, the excavation of Civic and Political elements of college courses based on information fusion technology can effectively improve the excavation effect and the nurturing effect of Civic and Political elements, logically associate Civic and Political elements with professional education, organically integrate them in classroom teaching, and provide conceptual support and material guarantee for the positive development of Civic and Political courses.

Comparative effectiveness trial of two supportive cancer care (SCC) delivery models at 24 clinics: An ongoing cluster randomized trial.

e13617 Background: Many patients with cancer receive care that is misaligned with their goals, values and preferences and have undertreated symptoms. Proactive integration of advance care planning and symptom management -- Supportive Cancer Care (SCC) -- through team-based and technology-based approaches can overcome these deficiencies. Yet, it is unknown which approach is more effective. Methods: This 24-clinic cluster-randomized trial (NCT05297734) will evaluate whether a team-based SCC delivery approach using community health workers more effectively improves health-related quality of life (HrQOL) than a technology-based approach utilizing the electronic health record. We are enrolling 2996 patients across 24 clinics (12 randomized into each group) in the United States including integrated community clinics, academic, Kaiser, VA, and safety-net centers. Eligible patients are: ≥ 21 years; newly diagnosed with cancer; English or Spanish speakers. Those unable to consent, enrolled in competing trials, or planning to move within 12 months are excluded. The primary outcome is change in HrQOL using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General survey from baseline to 3-months post-enrollment. Secondary outcomes include changes in patient activation, satisfaction, and healthcare use (emergency department visits, hospitalizations, chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, palliative care, hospice use) from baseline to 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-enrollment. Results: Enrollment began June 2022. As of December 2022, 24 clinics obtained IRB approval and 11 of 24 clinics screened a total of 1075 patients and enrolled a total of 165 participants. The majority (n=146; 77%) are male; 89 (53.9%) reported less than college degree; 45 (27.3%) reported annual household income ≤ $49,999. Conclusions: This ongoing study will inform the most effective SCC delivery approach and strategies to improve SCC across a variety of clinical settings in the United States. Clinical trial information: NCT05297734 . [Table: see text]

A Mapping of the Design of Educational Processes Based on the Use of Computer-Based Tools in Higher Military Education

Abstract Increasing the technological progress in society and the impact of digitization on educational processes, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, has given rise to new challenges for higher education, including the military academia. This study explored approaches to the integration of technologies in higher education and mapped the specifics of educational processes based on the use of computer-based tools in the preparation of military students for becoming officers in the Romanian Armed Forces. To carry out this investigative approach, we used a qualitative research methodology that included a comprehensive analysis of international literature and national studies, and a screening of the environment within the Romanian higher military education system. The findings of the interpretive research highlight the trends in technology-based educational approaches and generate meanings regarding the characteristics of technology integration in the national higher military education system.

Remote extemporaneous compounding lab practical for pharmacy students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background and purposeDue to COVID-19 movement restrictions, institutes of higher learning had to deliver pharmacy curricula remotely. One major challenge was teaching practical lab skills, such as extemporaneous compounding, remotely due to the need for hands-on learning and its associated logistical requirements. Educational activity and settingWe present the approach to remote extemporaneous compounding teaching taken by three pharmacy schools: Monash University Malaysia, University of Michigan, and University of Maryland. Prior to delivery, students were either supplied with or asked to procure a set of easily accessible ingredients and equipment to conduct the extemporaneous practicals from home. We conducted lessons remotely using both synchronous and asynchronous delivery, and demonstrated, taught, and assessed practical lab skills using video conferencing modalities. FindingsWe successfully conducted remote teaching of extemporaneous compounding, where similar learning outcomes to the face-to-face implementation were achieved. At Monash University Malaysia, > 90% of students responding to the post-activity surveys found the remote extemporaneous sessions useful for their learning, and qualitative comments supported these views. Mean scores from the remote extemporaneous labs in 2021 were similar to those when conducted physically in 2019, supporting the effectiveness of the approach. The different approaches attempted by the three institutions highlighted the flexibility in implementation that can be considered to achieve similar outcomes. SummaryCombining technology-based approaches with synchronous and asynchronous teaching and learning methods can successfully deliver extemporaneous compounding skills remotely.

Nilai-Nilai Sosiokultural di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 sebagai Landasan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam

This research aims to analyze Islamic education in the context of the socio-cultural challenges of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research uses a qualitative approach using a literature review, which includes legislative, historical, comparative, and conceptual aspects. The findings of this study highlight two important things, namely: First, Islamic education encourages harmony and peace by fostering tolerance. To achieve this, it requires adapting socio-cultural values, reinterpreting the Quran and Hadith, and integrating them with other approaches. This includes internalizing socio-cultural values into the learning process, which is especially important in Indonesia, a heterogeneous society with diverse ethnicities, regions and cultures. Secondly, Islamic Education recognizes the importance of social and cultural interaction in the learning process, which has a potential impact on individual development. Although it incorporates technology-based approaches and modern learning models in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, its primary goal remains the preservation of religious values and devotion to Allah. This research underscores the important role of Islamic Education in addressing contemporary social and technological challenges, emphasizing the integration of socio-cultural values to foster a harmonious and diverse society.

Artificial intelligence technology-based approach to mining Civic Science elements in public mental health courses in universities

Abstract Artificial intelligence technology is rapidly developing and has been widely used in various industries, for the current social focus on ideology and politics, so this paper uses artificial intelligence technology to study the ideological elements of public mental health courses in colleges and universities. We measure the dataset so that the number of samples is not too large, select the smallest subset of features according to the criteria, make the classifier less complex and improve its ability to generalize the algorithm, remove redundant or irrelevant features, and simplify the dataset to achieve dimensionality reduction. The probability relationship between the attribute set and the class variable is modeled using Bayesian, and the category corresponding to the guess with the highest probability is selected to obtain the classification effect in the supervised learning sample set, and the probabilities are estimated from the training tuples, considering two different attribute types separately. Combined with the logistic regression model to obtain the weights of the independent variables, the output likelihood is calculated according to the selected parameters, the appropriate parameter vector for the model is found, and the parameter that minimizes the cost function is found to complete the mining of the SiM elements. The analysis results show that artificial intelligence technology has better accuracy and prediction in performance, and it is concluded that moral education is the best development and physical education is the relatively worst in the study of Civic and Political Science elements, with a different value of 5.48%, and after deepening teaching will make the elements balanced and students develop better in all aspects.

To What Extent the ARIMNet Transnational Programme Has Contributed to the Implementation of the Euro-Mediterranean Research and Innovation Area?

The Mediterranean countries face common challenges in adapting their agro-systems to climate change and demographic threats. It is on this basis that ARIMNet (Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean Network) programme was implemented by 15 Euro-Mediterranean partners to foster agricultural research and innovation with the support of two successive grants from the European Commission. Our work aims to evaluate the impact of this collaborative work of 10 years over the period (2008–2017) on the implementation of a EURO-MED Research and Innovation Area. Considering ARIMNet as the first regional experience of joint programming and co-funding, it has allowed the funding of 46 research projects in the Mediterranean region with a budget of €25 M. The carried survey with coordinators shows that ARIMNet activities have a positive effect on regional networking, mobility, scientific production, innovation and the construction of a regional common vision regarding societal challenges regarding food security and sustainable agriculture. This transnational programme has consolidated collaboration between EU-MED policymakers and impacted as well national research governance in South Mediterranean countries, as stated by the questionnaire sent to partners from these countries. The ARIMNet experience inspired the current PRIMA initiative (Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area) which represents a step ahead for the reinforcement of the scientific Euro-Mediterranean collaboration in agriculture. The lessons learned from ARIMNet can benefit the Mediterranean and other regions in developing future common science and technology-based approaches to achieve Sustainable Development Goals.

A Teaching Model for Undergraduates Based on Program Outcomes: A Survey on the Teaching and Learning Process at Ba Ria – Vung Tau University

The paper proposes how to build a teaching model that combines subject’s outcome standards, lesson plans, assessment and technology-based approach to better support students’ self-regulated learning (SSRL). The formative assessment method is combined with the summative assessment method in the teaching process with the goal of meeting the maximum output standards of the course objectives built for the course. The lesson plan is designed to be flexible in combination with technology to help students’ self-regulated learning and achieve the subject objectives in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes. The paper surveys second-year students at Ba Ria – Vung Tau University. Results from observations and surveys show that lecturers have not been able to link the above these factors to help students achieve all three outcome standards of knowledge, skills and attitudes.