Technological Achievements Research Articles

Development and use of an instrument to measure pseudoscientific beliefs in quantum mechanics: the PSEUDO-QM scale

ABSTRACT Background Quantum Mechanics (QM) is a crucial area for the development of future technologies and societal advancement. However, due to the increasing exposure of QM technological achievements in mainstream media, there is a growing body of misinformation and pseudoscientific quantum-related claims spreading through the internet. Purpose The primary objective of this paper is to present the design, development and construct validation of an instrument, called PSEUDO-QM, to measure QM-related pseudoscientific views. To this aim, we collected three types of validity evidence: structural, convergent and criterion-related. Sample The study analysed responses from two samples of Italian high school students (n = 450). Design and Methods Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to collect structural validity evidence of the PSEUDO-QM instrument. Convergent validity evidence was collected by inspecting the correlations between the PSEUDO-QM instrument and the generic pseudoscientific and conspiracy belief scales. Criterion-related evidence was collected by analysing the relationship among PSEUDO-QM scores, levels of scientific content consumption, and different profiles of trust in public and scientific institutions through correlation analysis and analysis of variance. Results The results indicate that the 11-item PSEUDO-QM instrument shows adequate structural and convergent validity evidence. Moreover, we found adequate criterion-related evidence, namely a significant negative association between the consumption of science-related content and PSEUDO-QM score and a significant positive association between beliefs in QM-related pseudoscientific claims and distrust in public and science agencies. Conclusions The PSEUDO-QM instrument can provide insights into the mechanisms that underlie the endorsement of pseudoscientific beliefs. It can also assist policy makers and science popularization practitioners in developing strategies to help citizens deal with science-related post-truths.

The Logical Path of Applying Sora Technology in the Cultural Industry

Today, with the in-depth development of science and technology, the application of artificial intelligence has become a new driving force for the development of the cultural industry. As the latest technological achievement in the field of generative artificial intelligence, the rational application of Sora in the cultural industry can produce synergistic effects and significant results. This paper aims to sort out the application logic of Sora technology in the cultural industry, comprehensively showcasing its core features of technology-driven, multi-faceted synergy, and paradigm shift from the five elements of technology, information, talent, systems, and channels. In this process, in order to further optimize the application of Sora technology in the cultural industry, it is necessary to strengthen the construction through innovative strategies, and improve the technological, economic, and aesthetic dimensions, thereby contributing to the prosperity and flourishing of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics.

Progress in organ 3D bioprinting.

Three dimensional (3D) printing is a hot topic in today’s scientific, technological and commercial areas. It is recognized as the main field which promotes “the Third Industrial Revolution”. Recently, human organ 3D bioprinting has been put forward into equity market as a concept stock and attracted a lot of attention. A large number of outstanding scientists have flung themselves into this field and made some remarkable headways. Nevertheless, organ 3D bioprinting is a sophisticated manufacture procedure which needs profound scientific/technological backgrounds/knowledges to accomplish. Especially, large organ 3D bioprinting encounters enormous difficulties and challenges. One of them is to build implantable branched vascular networks in a predefined 3D construct. At present, organ 3D bioprinting still in its infancy and a great deal of work needs to be done. Here we briefly overview some of the achievements of 3D bioprinting technologies in large organ, such as the bone, liver, heart, cartilage and skin, manufacturing.

Historical Changes, Contemporary Characteristics, and Five Transformations of Environmental Design in China

Starting from the characteristics of modernization in three different historical stages since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, this paper analyses the internal changes in the professional name, subordinate disciplines and categories, and professional mission of the environmental design profession, and summarizes the changes in the characteristics of the environmental design profession in 10 aspects such as subordinate disciplines, design objects, design types, cultural characteristics, and aesthetic values on the basis of the results of the analysis, and explores five transformations of the environmental design profession in the process of China’s development in the future. The five transformations in the future development of China are to serve the harmony and beauty of the three major urban and rural spaces with “small and micro-renewal and reconstruction”; to serve the transmission of Chinese culture and the spread of Chinese civilization with “spatial heritage and innovation”; to serve the balance and sufficiency of the four functions of urban and rural settlements with “friendliness and equilibrium”; to serve the intelligence, wisdom, and enjoyment of indoor and outdoor living environment space with “scientific and technological achievements”; and to serve the co-construction, co-management, and sharing of indoor and outdoor public space in urban and rural areas with “public participation.”

The relationship between energy consumption and GDP in countries of the world

The article provides analysis of the influence of energy consumption on GDP in various regions and countries of the world (America, Europe, Post-Soviet space, Middle East, Africa, Asia-Pacific region). It is shown that: 1) there is a direct linear causal relationship between the growth of energy consumption and economic development in the absence of external effects in the field of energy efficiency; 2) external factors that contribute to the efficiency of energy consumption – ​institutional environment and scientific and technological achievements in the field of energy efficiency; change of the structure of the economy in favor of less energy-intensive industries. Models based on linear algebra, such as the Leontief model, can be used to describe the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. Energy consumption in different sectors of the economy can have both positive and negative relationships with economic growth. A reduction of the share of industry and agriculture does not guarantee a simultaneous decline of energy consumption in the service sector. There is a direct linear relationship between energy consumption in the services sector as well as in the transportation sector and economic development of different countries around the world. Increased energy consumption in the transportation sector which supports economic development is connected with an increase of the well-being of the population in several countries. The inverse relationship shown by some of the study results does not indicate that all countries studied are more energy efficient. This outcome reflects only the presence of external influences that encourage energy efficiency. Energy saving is not a limiting factor for economic growth, but it does not occur in economic system without a set of external incentives in different sectors of economy.

Construction Strategy of Evaluation Index System of Applied Scientific and Technological Achievements

Construction Strategy of Evaluation Index System of Applied Scientific and Technological Achievements

Research on the Application of Geographic Information Systems in the Construction of Smart Cities

With the continuous deepening of globalization and informatization, the construction of smart cities is gradually becoming a core strategy in the process of urban modernization. In this strategy, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) play a crucial technical support role. This article adopts a case study method, taking the construction of a smart city in Nanjing as the specific research object, and deeply explores the practical application of GIS in key fields such as urban planning, environmental protection, and traffic management. Through comprehensive analysis of these examples, this article systematically summarizes the significant achievements of GIS technology in improving urban management efficiency, optimizing decision support systems, enhancing public service levels, and promoting sustainable urban development. The research results indicate that GIS technology provides solid data support and decision-making support for the core areas of cities through precise integration and analysis of geographic information. GIS technology not only optimizes the layout of urban infrastructure, but also significantly enhances the city's response to emergency events through real-time monitoring and dynamic simulation, while promoting efficient allocation and utilization of urban resources. The research conclusion points out that, GIS technology is the cornerstone of smart city construction, greatly enhancing the scientific and forward-looking nature of urban management. The effective application of GIS has opened up new avenues for intelligent and refined urban management, significantly improving the quality of life of residents and providing solid technical support for the sustainable development of cities.

Study on the Spatial Effects of Grain Change on Food Security of Feed from the Perspective of Big Food

Using panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper uses a spatial double difference model to evaluate the policy impact of the “grain-to-feed” policy on feed grain production in pilot areas and adjacent spatial areas. Research has found that the “grain-to-feed” policy has a significant impact on the feed grain production in pilot areas and can significantly increase the feed grain production in pilot areas by about 2.71 million tons. The “grain-to-feed” policy has strengthened the positive connection between pilot areas and adjacent pilot areas, increased feed grain production, and has a significant spatial spillover effect. Robustness analysis shows that whether using different methods to measure spatial adjacency or using different standards to distribute subsidies, the “grain-to-feed” policy can significantly increase feed grain production, narrow the supply and demand gap of feed grain, and ensure feed grain security. Further analysis shows that the “grain-to-feed” policy can not only ensure the security of feed grain for the current and next periods but also promote the increase in farmers’ income, which is long-term and sustainable. Compared with non-pilot areas, the “grain-to-feed” policy can mitigate the negative impact of wage–price signals on feed grain production in pilot areas. It is recommended that government departments accelerate the transformation of food security concepts, establish a “Big Food Perspective”, gradually promote the pilot of the “grain-to-feed” policy nationwide, increase the subsidy amount of the “grain-to-feed” policy, increase financial support for scientific and technological research and achievement transformation in the field of feed grain, prevent the impact of economic price signal fluctuations on feed grain production, and effectively ensure the security of feed grain in China.

Articulation of the Main Ideas of Afrocentrism in Relation to Science and Technology

Afrocentrism's key concepts regarding science and technology are summarised in this paper. These concepts include reclaiming African contributions, opposing Eurocentric narratives, advancing African-centered knowledge systems, empowering marginalised communities, and encouraging interdisciplinary approaches. By showcasing the scientific and technological accomplishments of ancient African civilizations like Egypt and Mali, afrocentrism aims to correct historical omissions. It advocates for a more inclusive representation of human achievement by criticising Eurocentric narratives that marginalise contributions from non-Western cultures. The methods used to gather, examine, and present the data are also covered in this work. There is also a broad conclusion and a critique of the conversation. The study used a historical research design method to gather and examine data. The analysis was done by use of thematic and content analysis and its presentation was presented by use of themes. The paper concluded that the key concepts of Afrocentrism concerning science and technology provide a diverse strategy aimed at redressing past wrongs, contesting prevailing accounts, and advancing inclusivity and fairness in history. The paper recommends that, Reclaiming African contributions is essential for a more equitable and comprehensive appreciation of global scientific history.

BIKINI ATOLL, NEVADA, MOSCOW. WASHINGTON’S LONG ROAD TO THE PARTIAL TEST BAN TREATY (1958–1963)

The conclusion of the 1963 Moscow Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water is an important milestone in the history of the Cold War. It was preceded by long and complex negotiations between the USSR and the US. Measures to impose a moratorium on tests (August 1958 — August 1961) did not yield signifi cant results either in reducing harmful environmental consequences or in reducing the risk of nuclear conflict. In addition, the issue of at least partial test ban was closely linked to the political contradictions between the superpowers, in particular, regarding the status of Berlin. On 9 September 1961, the negotiations were stopped. In the fall, the USSR conducted a large series of explosions, and advances in weapons development required new tests. Moscow’s decision to withdraw from the moratorium was dictated by the desire to demonstrate to its opponents the readiness for any emergency. In 1962, the events around Cuba led not only to intensified testing by both powers, but also to the acute Cuban Missile Crisis in October, when the danger of using nuclear weapons became quite real. The August 1963 treaty was one of the immediate outcomes of the Cuban Missile Crisis. However, it is also important that the superpowers came to the signing of the Moscow Treaty only after their scientific and technological achievements (including, above all, the results of nuclear tests) had been able to ensure a confident strategic deterrence of each other. The tests of nuclear devices conducted by both powers in 1961 and 1962 allowed them to equip all types of carriers with warheads as part of their planned programs to renew strategic nuclear arsenals. At the same time, the Moscow Treaty created a basis for harmonizing the positions of the US and the USSR with regard to nuclear nonproliferation for many years to come.

Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) for Immunotherapy: Understanding Proteolysis Targeting Chimera-Driven Ubiquitin-Proteasome Interactions.

Targeted protein degradation or TPD, is rapidly emerging as a treatment that utilizes small molecules to degrade proteins that cause diseases. TPD allows for the selective removal of disease-causing proteins, including proteasome-mediated degradation, lysosome-mediated degradation, and autophagy-mediated degradation. This approach has shown great promise in preclinical studies and is now being translated to treat numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. This review discusses the latest advances in TPD and its potential as a new chemical modality for immunotherapy, with a special focus on the innovative applications and cutting-edge research of PROTACs (Proteolysis TArgeting Chimeras) and their efficient translation from scientific discovery to technological achievements. Our review also addresses the significant obstacles and potential prospects in this domain, while also offering insights into the future of TPD for immunotherapeutic applications.

Нейросетевой кластерный анализ устойчивого развития экономики регионов Российской Федерации в аспекте принципов ESG

The sustainable development of the innovative economy in the regions of the Russian Federation is researched. From this position, the changes in the commissioning of capacities for the protection of water resources and atmospheric air from pollution, as well as the renewal of forests in Russia for the period 2017–2022 are presented. Taking into account the importance of responsible investment, investments in fixed assets aimed at environmental protection and rational use of natural resources of the Russian Federation in 2022 are given. The relevance of the research is due to the progress in the achievements of science and technology, as well as the existing strong competition. This requires the promotion of creative concepts in the management of sustainable socio-economic development of Russia. Such concepts may be based on consideration of ESG criteria: Environment — environment, Social — social development, Governance — corporate governance. In order to reduce the heterogeneity of the socio-ecological development of Russia, the multifactorial task of strategic management on the formation of a methodology based on ESG principles is analyzed. The authors propose a promising and productive method for solving multifactorial problems — neural network cluster analysis using information technology. It allowed us to distribute the regions of the Russian Federation into six cluster formations characterized by different levels of development in the perspective of ESG features according to a set of 11 indicators. The structure of clusters detailing the entry of Russian regions into them is given. The average values of the studied indicators of sustainable innovative development of the regional economy in each of the clusters and in the whole country are shown. It follows from the results of the work that the management’s focus on the synthesis of ESG principles and the productivity of responsible investment will become important components in the formation of strategies for the innovative development of the Russian economy. This will be one of the key factors in strengthening the economic security of the Russian Federation.

Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: the present and the future

The medical industry is undergoing an active digital transformation, including the creation of electronic databases, cloud security systems, mobile health monitoring devices, and telemedicine tools. Artificial intelligence (AI), one of the most important technological achievements of the last decade, is gradually gaining momentum in various areas of practical medicine. The cutting edge of AI, neural networks, offers promising approaches to the improvement of clinical examination quality. The review presents data of studies focusing on the use of AI tools in the diagnosis of the most common ophthalmic diseases: diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma, cataracts, and ophthalmic oncology. We discuss both the advantages of neural networks in the diagnosis and monitoring of eye diseases, and outline the difficulties of their implementation, including ethical and legal conflicts.

3D packaging and Moore’s Law

Abstract This paper describes how the semiconductor industry has seen steady improvements in key metrics such as performance, power consumption, and area, but as the semiconductor industry shrinks in device size and the technical challenges of ever-increasing performance demands, it is critical to improve chip performance for maximizing the operating frequency of individual ICs and reducing their power consumption. But when talking about improving chip performance, it is important not to focus solely on the individual integrated circuit (IC), but to evaluate it as part of the overall system. For example, as microprocessor frequency increases, so does the demand for main memory data. However, if the connections between the chips that transfer data to the processor do not keep pace with the increase in performance, these connections can become a bottleneck in the performance of the entire system. Instead, this paper describes a typical architecture for semiconductor 3D integration, highlights the technology choices for 3D integration implementation, and analyzes and explains the design challenges it presents. After outlining the above, this paper also analyzes the applications and achievements of 3D integration technology in recent years.

ОПЫТ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПИЛОТНОГО ПРОЕКТА «ГРОДНЕНСКАЯ УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКАЯ КЛИНИКА» В АСПЕКТЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ НАУЧНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The development and prompt implementation of advanced medical methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention, based on the latest achievements of science and technology is a healthcare focus area for any state. The purpose of this publication is to summarize the experience of the pilot project “Grodno University Clinic” implementation regarding the efficiency of scientific activities. 12 indices of the University clinic innovative development were included in the model for final results activities of the clinic’s departments. Significant growth in innovation has been achieved, 25 employees of the clinic participate in the educational process of the medical university, 15 theses are being carried out by the clinic staff and teaching staff, and 6 patents have been jointly received. 11 initiative research projects are planned and carried out at the clinic. In addition, funded projects are being implemented, the implementation of which made it possible to attract 209,850 BYN in 2022. Scientific and practical conference “Innovative achievements in the work of Grodno University Clinic” is held annually as a part of the “Perspective plan for the development of the health care institution “Grodno University Clinic” implementation regarding the increase of the efficiency of scientific activities and personnel of the highest scientific qualifications. The clinic conducts clinical trials of medicines and medical products; income for 2022 amounted to 523.88K BYN. The experience of this project implementation makes it possible to draw the following conclusions. The presented interim results of pilot project “Grodno University Clinic” implementation regarding the efficiency of scientific activities allow us to assess positively this initiative transformation of the model for organizing the functioning of a multidisciplinary medical healthcare institution. The marked tendencies in the dynamics of the main indices reflect the efficiency of scientific research in the applied healthcare areas of high priority. The positive influence on innovation impacted by this favorable environment under a new integration project of science and practice for national healthcare is shown. Further research on the role and place of university clinics in the Republic of Belarus under their contribution and influence on the training of highly qualified scientific staff for healthcare, the development and implementation of import-substituting and export-oriented innovative methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention in practical medicine are considered to be relevant.

ELEMENTS WHICH CAUSED THE APPEARANCE OF INNOVATIONS IN MINISTRY AND THE CHANGE OF THE MANAGER'S FUNCTION IN HEALTHCARE

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The modernization of health care as a whole in the era of automation and the increasingly frequent use of ICT is noticeably reflected in the change in the structure of the education system of health workers, the program content of personnel education, the duration of education and training of personnel, mass at all levels of education, and more. All this resulted in significant changes within the entire health and education system. Due to the multitude of technical and technological achievements, the area of ​​application of new technique and technology in the process of education and professional development could not remain outside the influence. By introducing this new factor (technological-technical) into education, it was learned that systematic changes will be needed, i.e., not only changes within the teaching forms and methods but also changes in the function of the manager in the health organization. </span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

안면인식결제가 사용자 저항과 이용의도에 미치는 영향

The modern society is undergoing tremendous changes due to technological innovation. The birth of new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and cloud computing marks the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution. Various new industries are rapidly emerging as information and communication technology (ICT), artificial intelligence, big data, and other new technologies such as the Internet of Things are combined. Fintech is a technology that is attracting attention as new technologies and the financial industry merge. The concept of Fintech was born through the convergence of financial industry and information and communication technology by governments of all countries around the world and continuous innovation. Fintech is an innovation in the financial industly that uses new technologies. Use aiiificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things and other modern science and technology achievements to reform financial products, business models and business procedures. One of the most basic tasks in financial business is payment service. The development and introduction of new technologies has changed the way people pay. One of the notable fields in payment service is face recognition payment. Face recognition is being used in various fields due to its high accuracy and low invasiveness. Facial recognition payment is a technology that uses computer vision. It uses computers to mimic human vision, allowing computers to analyze images. It is a technology that implements identity authentication based on personal facial feature information. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect relationship of facial recognition payment on usage intention. For basic statistical analysis of the questionnaire, SPSS 23.0, a statistical package, was used. For hypothesis testing, concentrated validity and discriminant validity were verified using the structural equation package Smart PLS 4.0. Infmmation technology factors that dete1mine face recognition payment were divided into system characteristics and user characteristics. A summary of the study follows. First, The system characteristics of the face recognition payment service were partially adopted for user resistance. Second, the user characteristics of face recognition payment had a significant effect on user resistance. Third, user resistance had a significant effect on intention to use.

Development a novel design of miniaturized heptagonal Koch fractal wide band antenna for 5G mm wave and IoT applications

The object of the study is a compact heptagonal broadband antenna specially designed for use in the 5G millimeter band using Koch fractals to improve performance. As a result of the study, the most important problem of achieving higher gain, improving bandwidth and reducing interference at higher frequencies, which is necessary for the effective functioning of 5G networks, was solved. As a result, the maximum realized gain of 5 dB was obtained at a frequency of 27.58 GHz with an impressive bandwidth in the range from 26.5 to 40 GHz. The use of Koch fractal geometry and defective ground planes significantly improves impedance matching and expands bandwidth, which explains the excellent antenna performance compared to traditional designs. The features and distinguishing features of the results obtained, thanks to which they allowed solving the problem under study, are its compact dimensions (only 9 mm by 9 mm) and the ability to maintain VSWR at a level of less than 2 in the entire frequency spectrum. These features make the antenna particularly suitable for millimeter-band integration and flexible applications such as portable devices and wearable home appliances. The field of practical application of the results includes integration into portable and wearable devices, improving the performance and connectivity of Internet of Things applications. The conditions of practical use require compliance with 5G network standards and compatibility with millimeter-wave technologies. This characterizes the antenna as a significant achievement in antenna technology, demonstrating its potential for widespread adoption in next-generation wireless communication systems and paving the way for more reliable and high-performance wireless networks

DESIGN FEATURES OF ART PRODUCTS MADE BY LASER CUTTING METHOD

The study uses a specific example to show the design of a three-dimensional artistic product, the elements of which are obtained using gas laser cutting. The sequence of technological stages of manufacturing such an artistic product is given. The main technological cutting parameters for sheet steel and brass are presented. In order to analyse the influence of the technological properties of the processed material and the thickness of the metal on the technological parameters and processing modes, different materials for laser cutting were chosen: steel and brass. It is shown that the achievements of modern science and technology can be applied in the jewellery industry and allow solving any problems of industrial jewellery design. The artistic products presented in the article are chess pieces and were made as part of a diploma design.

Maximizing the Average Environmental Benefit of a Fleet of Drones under a Periodic Schedule of Tasks

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, drones) are not just a technological achievement based on modern ideas of artificial intelligence; they also provide a sustainable solution for green technologies in logistics, transport, and material handling. In particular, using battery-powered UAVs to transport products can significantly decrease energy and fuel expenses, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the efficiency of clean technologies through improved energy-saving efficiency. We consider the problem of maximizing the average environmental benefit of a fleet of drones given a periodic schedule of tasks performed by the fleet of vehicles. To solve the problem efficiently, we formulate it as an optimization problem on an infinite periodic graph and reduce it to a special type of parametric assignment problem. We exactly solve the problem under consideration in O(n3) time, where n is the number of flights performed by UAVs.