Radio Frequency Identification Technology Research Articles

Non-invasive temperature measurement in fixed bed reactors using RFID technology

Measuring axial temperature profiles in fixed bed reactors is essential for an optimal and safe operation. Typically, thermocouples are used which influence the bed structure - especially in arrangements with a low ratio between tube and particle diameter - and thus local transport phenomena and reaction rates. In this publication, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags are used for temperature measurement in fixed beds without disturbing the bed structure. Therefore, the temperature is compared in a tubular fixed bed (▪) of ceramic rings (▪) measured with RFID tags and thermocouples at similar axial positions at different temperature levels 20<T<140▪. By integrating an RFID tag into a particle using 3D printing, the disturbance of the fixed bed by the measurement device can be even completely avoided. It is shown that the overall values of temperature and the dynamic measurement with RFID tags is comparable to measurements using thermocouples. However, significant measurement gaps can occur, especially with unfavorable antenna-tag alignment or small antenna spacing. As a summary, it is possible to measure temperature in fixed bed reactors using RFID technology without requiring direct access and thus disturbing the bed structure. Finally, current shortcomings of RFID are discussed, and research needs presented.

Application of Passive RFID Technology

Passive Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging IoT technology that enables communication and data exchange between items through various sensors and devices. Sensor nodes do not require built-in batteries or other energy supply devices, but instead use external signals for operation. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a simple and low-cost solution for the passive Internet of Things, suitable for scenarios that require simple tracking and monitoring of items. The sensor devices in this technology can be used for a long time interregional operation reduces maintenance costs and improves work efficiency. Therefore, it is a promising technology that can bring tremendous changes to various industries. In recent years, this technology has been widely applied in many fields, including logistics and supply chain management, industrial automation, intelligent agriculture, and health monitoring. This article elaborates on the practical application of the latest passive RFID technology, providing reference for more application scenarios in the future.

Enhancing Public Health Safety and Transportation Efficiency – A Comprehensive RFID-Based System for Vaccination and Testing Verification

The emergence of global health crises has emphasised the need for efficient and secure methods to verify the individuals’ vaccination and testing status. The research paper proposes an innovative application of the Radio Frequency Identification technology to develop a comprehensive system that ensures the controlled entry of vaccinated and tested individuals into buildings and extends its use to transportation networks. By combining tags, readers and a centralised database, with the extension of using Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, this solution aims to enhance public health safety, restore confidence in public spaces and optimise transportation operations.

RFID technology in Retail 4.0: state-of-the-art in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods field

The well-known Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is now evolving its applications: indeed, at the industrial level, it was firstly conceived at the pallet/case level for enhancing productivity and accuracy of logistics processes, while at present the focus is shifting towards item-level tagging applications for also managing in-store processes, including the selling experience. Due to a more technological customer, to the spread of e-commerce and the need of omnichannel sales availability, also Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) are subject to an evolution of the way of selling, enabled by an item-level RFID tagging. Since these technologies are connected to the fourth industrial revolution, this novelty is referred to as Retail 4.0, which is still an uncommon term among the scientific community. For this reason, this paper makes an attempt to define the state-of-the-art of research and industrial projects on this topic, and it represents the first study investigating the Retail 4.0 from a practical side, closing the scientific gap regarding this issue. Eleven documents and fourteen projects focusing on item-level RFID tagging of FMCGs are examined and categorized according to a pre-existing use cases framework, and the enabled scenarios under a Retail 4.0 perspective are identified and defined. Inventory and Life-Cycle Management related use cases turned out to be the most investigated (7 scientific documents and 12 projects), while the User Experience was only considered at the industrial level (12 projects). From both sides, the Product Integrity was not perceived as relevant (2 articles and 6 projects); similarly, scarce attention was paid to the sustainability functionality of packaging with a total of 1 scientific paper and 5 projects.

Do cybercrime laws address emergent IoT security threats? The case of UAE federal cybercrime law regarding RFID technology

With the widespread use of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology as a means for commerce and identification, new types of cybercrime have emerged. Accordingly, revisions to extant cybercrime law are required. This research attempts to determine the relevance of current UAE laws in addressing new cybercrimes on emergent technologies. We reviewed the literature to identify threats to RFID systems, classifying works into three categories: blocking, interception, and physical attacks. We mapped these categories to 50 articles of the UAE cybercrime law to assess their relevance. According to the distribution of law articles pertaining to RFID attacks, it was found that RFID communication interception attacks are not sufficiently addressed in the law and that further amendments are required in the UAE. Example of international statutes are highlighted as models.

Research on a system for the diagnosis and localization of conveyor belt deviations in belt conveyors

To address the shortcomings of existing conveyor belt deviation detection methods, such as the small detection range and slow detection speed, a method that utilizes machine vision technology to detect belt deviations in belt conveyors is proposed. A track-type inspection robot was used to collect real-time running images of a conveyor belt; Wiener filtering was carried out, grayscale processing was used, Canny edge detection, Hough transform and least squares fitting operations were used to extract the straight lines of the edges of the conveyor belt, and the offset from the straight lines of the conveyor belt under normal running conditions was calculated. To address the cumulative error problem caused by the long time and long distance in the process of locating the wheel odometer, a joint localization technology that used radio frequency identification (RFID) and a wheel odometer was proposed, and the error correction was carried out for a rotary encoder by using the RFID technology. The experimental results demonstrate that the detection method achieved a detection accuracy of over 92.1% with a detection speed of up to 31 FPS. This method enables the fast and precise identification of conveyor belt deviations, and it satisfies the requirements for real-time detection for belt conveyors. The location accuracy of the localization system that combined RFID and a wheel odometer was able to reach the centimeter level, and the system could accurately locate the positions of belt deviations. This is of vital significance for ensuring safety and efficiency in production by enterprises.

The Bit Query for Labels in a Binary Tree-Based Anti-Collision Recognition Algorithm

With its benefits including recognition distance, penetration ability, and multi-object recognition, radio frequency identification technology is a non-contact automatic identification method that is currently being used extensively in a variety of industries, including document anti-counterfeiting, automation, transportation, control management, and product services. An efficient anti-collision mechanism, such as anti-collision algorithms or anti-collision protocols, must be established in order to coordinate communication between the tag and the reader in the event that an RFID system experiences signal interference in the wireless channel, conflict, or collision, which will result in tag recognition or data collection failure. In response to tag conflicts in radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, a novel hybrid blocking query tree algorithm is suggested that leverages blocking prediction and child node hedging techniques to overcome the issues of lengthy time intervals and high communication complexity. The technique uses quadruple and bifurcated query trees as the foundation for its conflict avoidance strategy. The approach minimizes the conflict time and prevents the construction of idle subunits by forcing the reader to create new query prefixes via prediction, which is accomplished by employing locking commands to extract and forecast information about the conflicting bits. According to simulation data, this strategy performs better in terms of lowering the overall number of time slots and communication complexity as well as enhancing identification and labelling abilities than the current adaptive multi-tree search (RLAMS) and improved hybrid query tree (IHQT) techniques. It greatly increases the effectiveness of label identification while lowering the overall amount of time slots and communication complexity.

Radio-Frequency Identification Traceability System Implementation in the Packaging Section of an Industrial Company

In recent years, radio-frequency identification (RFID) has aroused significant interest from industry and academia. This demand comes from the technology’s evolution, marked by a reduction in size, cost, and enhanced efficiency, making it increasingly accessible for diverse applications. This manuscript presents a case study of the implementation of an RFID traceability system in the packaging section of an industrial company that produces test equipment for the automotive wiring industries. The study presents the proposal and execution of a prototype asset-tracking system utilising RFID technology, designed to be adaptable and beneficial for various industrial settings. The experiments were carried out within the company’s shop-floor environment, alongside the existing barcode system, with the primary objective of evaluating and comparing the proposed solution. The test results demonstrate a significant enhancement in production efficiency, with substantial optimization achieved. The time required for asset identification and tracking was significantly reduced, resulting in an average time of approximately 43.62 s and an approximate 3.627% improvement in the time required to read the test sample of assets when compared to the barcode system. This successful implementation highlights the potential of RFID technology in improving operations, reducing working time, and enhancing traceability within industrial production processes.

Artificial Identification: A Novel Privacy Framework for Federated Learning Based on Blockchain

To provide off-chain federations with complete privacy services to realize on-chain federated learning (FL), this article proposes a novel privacy framework for FL based on blockchain and smart contracts, named Artificial Identification. It consists of two modules: private peer-to-peer identification and private FL, using two scalable smart contracts to manage the identification and learning process, respectively. Based on Ethereum and interplenary file systems (IPFS), we implement our framework and comprehensively analyze its performance. Experiments show that the proposed framework has acceptable collaboration costs and offers advantages in terms of privacy, security, and decentralization. Furthermore, combined with radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, the framework has the potential to realize automatic on-chain identification and autonomous FL of machine clusters composed of Internet of Things (IoT) devices or distributed participants.

Smart Shopping Cart Using RFID

Abstract: Optimizing the shopping experience is essential for both customers and businesses in the dynamic world of retail. This research study offers a revolutionary solution called the "Smart Shopping Cart," which uses Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to speed up the shopping experience. This ground-breaking solution promises to boost shopping cart functionality, enhance inventory control, and provide customers with a smooth purchasing experience. The Smart Shopping Cart makes use of an integrated RFID reader system and RFID tags that are attached to each product. It enables automatic item tracking, doing away with the requirement for human checkout scanning. This technologically advanced method cuts down on consumers' wait times at the register and minimizes pricing and item recognition mistakes, enhancing their entire shopping experience. Moreover, the system incorporates real-time inventory management features, enabling retailers to monitor product stock levels efficiently. This results in reduced out-of-stock occurrences and optimized supply chain operations, benefiting both retailers and consumers. Additionally, the Smart Shopping Cart can provide personalized shopping recommendations and promotions, enhancing customer engagement and loyalty. This research paper examines the Smart Shopping Cart's technical implementation, RFID integration, data processing, and security. It analyzes potential benefits, environmental impact, and ethical concerns, focusing on efficiency, reduced operational costs, and customer satisfaction. In conclusion, the Smart Shopping Cart, which makes use of RFID technology, presents a solution that has the potential to change the way people shop currently, to the advantage of both customers and businesses. This innovation offers a tremendous chance for shops looking to stay competitive in the digital age to increase productivity, cut costs, and provide a better shopping experience. This study gives helpful advice for the effective implementation of RFID-based Smart Shopping Carts in the retail sector as well as insights into their potential.

Embedded Systems Based Intelligent Bank Locker Security System

Nowadays, security plays a big role, notably in homes, companies, and banks. This article uses embedded systems to design a bank locker security system. The Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies are the foundation of this system. Only honest people are permitted to retrieve money or gold from bank lockers. It is created by fusing RFID and GSM technologies, allowing for real-time activation, authentication, and validation of the user and door unlocking for safe access to bank lockers. GSM and passive RFID are safer than other technologies. A microcontroller, RFID reader, GSM modem, keyboard, and a liquid crystal diode make up this system (LCD). This system employs a dual password protection scheme to ensure that only legitimate individuals can get funds from bank lockers.

Retracted: Design of Logistics Intelligent Warehouse Management System Based on Radio Frequency Identification Technology for 5G

Retracted: Design of Logistics Intelligent Warehouse Management System Based on Radio Frequency Identification Technology for 5G

Retracted: Control Optimization Design of Radio Frequency Identification Technology in IoT Express Logistics Distribution System

Retracted: Control Optimization Design of Radio Frequency Identification Technology in IoT Express Logistics Distribution System

Integration of passive RFID for small-scale construction project management

Passive radio frequency identification (P-RFID) is discussed previously for its sustainable usefulness in the construction industry. The subject of this research is the barriers to the implementation of passive radio frequency identification (P-RFID) technology for the digital transformation of small construction projects, and the interrelationships among these barriers. This study emphasizes notably smaller building projects. Considering technological, cultural, privacy, interest, volatility, and resource constraints that must be overcome to encourage the implementation of P-RFID in the construction business. A PLS-SEM analysis is also provided, showing how much technological, cultural, and privacy hurdles affect the P-RFID rollout. Most severely inhibiting adoption are technical obstacles, cultural ones, and privacy concerns. Findings stress the need of construction firms to adopt new technology to speed up project completion and keep up with rising demand. The use of P-RFID technology may improve the efficiency of project delivery processes and reduce the number of failed projects. Additionally, the research highlights the value of privacy as well as the need of making its protection a key priority in the development of P-RFID technology. According to the findings of the research, one of the most important things that has to be done in order to increase the usage of P-RFID in low-volume sustainable construction projects in Malaysia is to remove the barriers that prevent people from being interested in it.

THE EFFECT OF BAGGAGE HANDLING SYSTEM LEVEL 3 ON OPERATION OFFICER PERFORMANCE

Baggage handling has an important role in maintaining the comfort of passengers traveling by aircraft and security in processing baggage. Baggage Handling System (BHS) is a service in the form of a conveyor to transport passenger baggage after check-in and automatic sorting with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology that reads radio frequencies contained in baggage to be sent to the aircraft according to its destination. This study aims to determine the effect of Baggage Handling System level 3 on the performance of operational officers at Kualanamu International Airport Medan with quantitative research methods that take data using questionnaire data and literature studies. The determination of the sample with the Slovin formula was 30 people and then the results of the respondents' answers were processed using SPSS with validity tests, reliability tests, normality tests, homogeneity tests and T tests. The calculation results obtained the results of the T test, which is a significant value of 0.000, meaning that the significance value is smaller than (0.05), so it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the implementation of the Baggage Handling System level 3 (independent variable x) on the performance of operational officers (dependent variable y).

Preventive Maintenance Analysis Based on Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) and Mean Time to Repair (MTTR)

A company's ability to meet its goals depends heavily on the smooth operation of its production process. To ensure that the production machinery operates smoothly and without any breakdowns, it is essential to implement effective maintenance that addresses any issues related to the equipment. This research aims to identify the root causes of equipment failure in the soda and dolomite bucket elevator by analyzing the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF), Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), and conducting a qualitative evaluation using Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA). The analysis reveals that the company performs preventive maintenance every 3 days, which is more frequent than the optimal schedule of once every 33 days. This suggests that the company may be addressing unforeseen failures. The FMEA analysis indicates that the highest Risk Priority Number is associated with suboptimal maintenance of the Staff. To address this issue, the company can use Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology.

Precision Location-Aware and Intelligent Scheduling System for Monorail Transporters in Mountain Orchards

This study addressed the issue of the real-time monitoring and control of the transporter in a mountain orchard terrain characterized by varying topography, closed canopy, shade, and other environmental factors. This study involved independent research and the development of a series of electric monorail transporters. First, the application requirements of “Where is the monorail transporter?” were examined, and an accurate location-aware method based on high-frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) technology was proposed. In addition, a location-aware hardware system based on STM32 + RFID + LoRa was designed to determine the position of the monorail transporter on a rail. Second, regarding the application requirements of “Where is the monorail transporter going?”, a multimode control gateway system based on Raspberry Pi + LoRa + 5G was designed. An Android mobile terminal can obtain operational information about the transport plane in real time through the gateway system and remotely control its operation. The track-changing branch structure enables multimachine autonomous intelligent avoidance. Based on the experimental results of monorail transporter positioning in mountain orchards under various typical terrains, such as flat surfaces, turning paths, and uphill/downhill slopes, the road section average relative error of the 7ZDGS–250-type monorail transporter was 1.27% when the distance between benchmark positioning tags was set at 10 m on both flat and turning roads, and that of the 7ZDGS–300-type monorail transporter was 1.35% when the distance between benchmark positioning tags was set at 6 m uphill/downhill. The road section relative error of the 7ZDGS–250-type monorail transporter was 21.18%, and that of the 7ZDGS–300-type monorail transporter was 9.96%. In addition, the experimental results of monorail transporter communication control showed that the combination of the multimode control gateway control system and track-changing branch structure can achieve multimachine cooperation and autonomous avoidance function, ensuring that multiple monorail transporters can operate simultaneously without collision. The findings of this study establish the communication link of “monorail transporter-gateway system-control terminal” and form a precise positioning and real-time control scheme applicable to the operating environment of monorail transporters, thereby improving the intelligence and safety of mountain orchard monorail transporters.

Implementation of a radio frequency identification and detection technology based digital class attendance system for university students

Class attendance is a key consideration when assigning final marks for courses taught, student attendance is a critical issue for higher institutions. Some institutions choose to regulate attendance with paper sheets, while others prefer to verify students' attendance with paper sheets and then manually enter this information into a computer. This mode of taking students attendance delays time and reduces the time needed for the lecture to be delivered. A system that eases the burden of time delay in taking attendance, promotes the universities, and supports parents is presented in this paper. The radio frequency identification and detection (RFID) student monitoring system has been developed to track student’s attendance in the classroom using passive RFID technology. The system uses an RFID reader and a contactless smart card to ensure time management during student’s attendance. A reader at a fixed place delivers a signal to a passive RFID chip for detection and identifies a huge number of chips in a short amount of time. The biometric thumb detection module for security was applied to improve the system. The applied enhanced technology sends a message to the parent of any students that fails to attend lectures.

RFID-Based Car Parking System

Abstract: This research paper presents a comprehensive study on the design, implementation, and evaluation of an RFID-based car parking system. The proposed system aims to address the challenges associated with traditional car parking systems, such as inefficiency in parking space utilization, long waiting times, and manual ticketing processes. By leveraging Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, the system offers improved accuracy, real-time monitoring, and enhanced security. The paper discusses the system architecture, key components, and algorithmic approaches used. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed system against traditional parking systems, highlighting its advantages in terms of efficiency, convenience, and customer satisfaction.

Sliding Window, Hierarchical Classification, Regression, and Genetic Algorithm for RFID Indoor Positioning Systems

Several surveys in the Indoor Positioning System (IPS) use the Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) to locate target objects. However, RSSI suffers significantly from the multipath phenomenon and other environmental factors such as the absence of the field of view, reflective materials, excessive obstacles, and a high density of objects. To overcome such problems, we propose three new IPS approaches using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and the collaborative use of Sliding Window, Hierarchical Classification, Random Forest Regressor, and Genetic Algorithm. We tested the new approaches on three datasets obtained in different environments and compared them with two state-of-the-art IPS approaches (Landmarc and SVR-Landmarc). One of the main results got was a precision of 4.82 cm in an environment with 7,000 target tags, reducing by up to 92.91% the average error w.r.t. other IPS approaches presented in the literature, including more complex indoor scenarios.