Manipulation Technology Research Articles

New Transformations of the public Sphere: Contemporary Discussions in Germany

The article discusses the main stages and approaches to analyzing the problem of publicity using the example of the works of Heidegger, Horkheimer, and Adorno. The reasons for the absence of a positive concept of publicity in German philosophy of the first half of the twentieth century are shown, as well as the connection between a negative attitude towards publicity and the global socio-historical pessimism of that time. The significance of the theory of publicity presented in two studies of Habermas, “Structural Changes of the Public Sphere” (1962) and publications 2021–2022, is analyzed, as well as its connection with the political theory of democracy. Habermas interprets the “public sphere” as a special space for the application of critical discourse, emerging in the era of the emergence of capitalism. If in feudal society “publicity” is identified with the state, then in the 18th–19th centuries. a practice of discussions about literature is emerging, gradually expanding to a critical discussion of social processes. With the achievement by the middle of the twentieth century bourgeois society at the stage of “mass democracy” and the intervention of the state, which actively uses manipulative technologies, the rational foundations of the discourse of the public sphere give way to non-rational ones. The area of publicity becomes an area of confrontation and conflict between the interests of various social groups. New structural transformations in the sphere of publicity become noticeable in 2010–2020 and are associated with the emergence of new media, the new role of social networks. One of Habermas’ main critical arguments points out that the media structure changed by digitalization may deepen contemporary problems with contemporary Western democracy and result in deepening of it’s crisis. Habermas’ theory is contrasted against the theories of other media theorists (Marshall McLuhan, Niklas Luhmann and others).

Fish-mussel-algae-bacteria model remedied eutrophication pollution: Application in Dongxiang district reservoir

Eutrophication pollution has become an important ecological problem in China. Biological treatment is a common means to repair eutrophication pollution. Therefore, based on the biological manipulation technology, we put forward a fishing scheme for the Xiaoxiangshan and Shizishan reservoirs in Dongxiang District, which have been in a serious eutrophication pollution level for a long time, that is, to improve the quality and control water by operating fish, mussel, algae, and bacteria. The monitoring results in the middle stage of treatment showed that the structure of phytoplankton changed, and the degree of eutrophication pollution improved. In the later stage of treatment, the plankton diversity and richness of the two reservoirs increased significantly, the density and biomass of Cyanobacteria decreased significantly, and the degree of eutrophication pollution decreased to mesotrophic type. Overall, our research puts forward new ideas for the prevention and control of water eutrophication pollution and provides a reference for other kinds of water body treatment.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene mutation of EcIAG leads to sex reversal in the male ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda.

In the culture of crustaceans, most species show sexual dimorphism. Monosex culture is an effective approach to achieve high yield and economic value, especially for decapods of high value. Previous studies have developed some sex control strategies such as manual segregation, manipulation of male androgenic gland and knockdown of the male sexual differentiation switch gene encoding insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (IAG) in decapods. However, these methods could not generate hereditable changes. Genetic manipulation to achieve sex reversal individuals is absent up to now. In the present study, the gene encoding IAG (EcIAG) was identified in the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda. Sequence analysis showed that EcIAG encoded conserved amino acid structure like IAGs in other decapod species. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology was used to knock out EcIAG. Two sgRNAs targeting the second exon of EcIAG were designed and microinjected into the prawn zygotes or the embryos at the first cleavage with commercial Cas9 protein. EcIAG in three genetic males was knocked out in both chromosome sets, which successfully generated sex reversal and phenotypic female characters. The results suggest that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology is an effective way to develop sex manipulation technology and contribute to monosex aquaculture in crustaceans.

Optical Format Conversion and Interconnection Between 1D and 2D Constellations for Flexible Optical Transmission Networks

Optical format conversion technologies have attracted a lot of attention to bridge the different optical networks employing different formats. In this paper, the advances of optical format conversion technologies are introduced and reviewed. Through analyzing the optical network architecture and modulation technology development, we focus on the format conversions between the signals with one dimensional and two dimensional constellations. The important enabling technologies for flexible constellation manipulation are introduced in detail, including the linear and nonlinear optical effects-based functions. Then the key format conversion researches are reviewed in four categories: one-to-one conversions, optical aggregations, optical de-aggregations, and optical interconversions. Finally, the current issue and future trend of this research field is analyzed and discussed.

2D acoustofluidic distributions in micro-chambers modulated by Sierpiński-type structural plates

In this study, a series of Sierpiński-type structural plates have been artificially introduced to generate diversified acoustofluidic distributions in the originally-static microfluidic chambers, which are stimulated under the oscillation of incident acoustic waves at different input frequency points. The complicated interactions between quasi/pseudo-Sierpiński-carpet shaped structural plates and incident ultrasonic waves, including acoustic reflection and diffraction, can initiate sophisticated spatio-temporal discrepancies along the sound propagation path and induce heterogeneous acoustic streaming vortices. In comparison with the existing construction strategies of microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices, the introduction of fractalized elements like quasi/pseudo-Sierpiński-carpet shaped structural components can provide remarkable insights and expand application scenarios of unconventional acoustofluidic approaches, which is conducive to driving ultrasonic micro/nano manipulation technology from monotonousness to diversification. The preliminary research demonstrates the feasibility of considering Sierpiński-type structural features as tunable ingredients to customize acoustofluidic apparatuses for the exploration of topographical manipulation of micro/nano-scale particles and orientational operation of biological specimens.

Deepfake detection via inter-frame inconsistency recomposition and enhancement

Due to the remarkable progress in face manipulation technology, malicious applications of these technologies may pose a great threat to the social stability. Therefore, it is essential to carry out the research of deepfake detection. In this paper, we assumed that the illumination on frames that skip a certain space is basically consistent in real videos, but tends to be inconsistent in fake videos. From this point, a network which contains a learnable Image Decomposition Module (IDM) and multi-level feature enhancement is proposed. IDM decomposes frames into illumination and reflection, and frame recomposition is followed to highlight the frame-level illumination inconsistency. Multi-level feature enhancement is proposed to enhance the illumination inconsistency at feature level. In addition, considering the computational complexity and human vision perception mechanism, we train the network in logarithm domain. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and superior compared with other state-of-the-art deepfake detection methods on mainstream deepfake datasets.

Asymmetric magnetic levitation for density-based measurement and analysis

BackgroundMagnetic levitation (MagLev) based on negative magnetophoresis represents a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of nonmagnetic objects. This approach has garnered considerable interest across multiple fields, such as chemistry, materials science, and biochemistry, primarily due to its inherent simplicity, precision, and cost-effectiveness. However, it is essential to recognize that frequently used MagLev configurations, including standard MagLev and axial MagLev, are not without their limitations. These configurations often struggle to strike a balance between levitation performance, ease of operation, and visibility. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new MagLev configuration to address the aforementioned issue. ResultsThis work describes the development of an innovative MagLev, termed “asymmetric MagLev”, achieved by combining a ring magnet and a cylinder magnet as up-down asymmetric magnetic field sources. The asymmetric design overcomes the physical obstacles along the centerline of the standard MagLev, offering unique open-structure advantages, including easy handling of samples, the ability to observe samples from the top or bottom, and no restrictions on the container height. Meanwhile, comparative analysis reveals a considerable enhancement in the working distance of the asymmetric MagLev without significantly sacrificing the measurement range compared to the axial MagLev. Notably, the asymmetric MagLev achieves a remarkable sensitivity of up to about 1.8 × 104 mm (g cm−3)−1, surpassing the axial MagLev by approximately 30 times. Furthermore, experimental results validate the successful application of the asymmetric MagLev in density measurement and quality detection of small-sized objects. SignificanceThis pioneering configuration represents the first utilization of up-down asymmetric magnets in the field of MagLev. Through the integration of an axially magnetized ring magnet and a cylinder magnet, the asymmetric MagLev design overcomes the limitations associated with conventional MagLev configurations. This innovative design exhibits outstanding operational capabilities and levitation performance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in density-based measurement and analysis.

Arthropods discovered on refugio flowering plants in Mangifera indica plantation

Abstract. Windriyanti W, Rahmadhini N, Fernando I, Kusuma RM. 2023. Arthropods discovered on refugio flowering plants in Mangifera indica plantation. Biodiversitas 24: 4747-4754. The diversity of Refugio flowering plants with different ways of flowering phenology provides alternative food sources for arthropods. Insects are the largest class of arthropods, most of which are ecological services that function as natural enemies and pollinators. Insects require an energy source over a long-term period to promote a stable and healthy population. The use of flowering plants as refugia can maximize the role of insects as ecological services in agroecosystems by providing natural enemies and pollinators with a source of food and shelter. The refugia plants used in this study were sunflowers (Helianthus annuus), king’s salad (Cosmos caudatus), Peruvian zinnia (Zinnia peruviana), Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae), and Alternanthera sessilis (Amaranthaceae) with hedgerow and insectary bank planting patterns. Data collection and periodic direct observation (scan sampling) were conducted by transects. Observed parameters included species composition and population of arthropods in two different agro-systems, monoculture and polyculture. Identification results showed 8 orders, including 44 morphospecies, belonging to 25 families. Arthropod abundance in the on-season of the refugia was found in 1422 individuals. Ecological engineering is a habitat manipulation technology using refugia plants that has increased the composition and population of natural enemy insects and pollinators.

Subsurface Transport of Sulfidated Nano Zero Valent Iron and In Situ Biogeochemical Transformation of Chlorinated Solvents: A Field Study

In situ chemical reduction of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (cVOCs) by nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been widely applied in the past 20 years, but with limited effectiveness for bare nZVI due to rapid particle settling, short lifespan, and low reactivity. Stabilization and sulfidation of nZVI have improved its mobility and longevity, increased reactivity towards cVOCs, and reduced toxicity to microbes (Nunez Garcia et al. 2021). In the first-ever CMC-S-nZVI field trial, nZVI sulfidated by dithionite (S-nZVI) and stabilized by carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was injected into the subsurface of a site contaminated with a wide range of cVOCs. Multi-level wells were installed to monitor the transport of the CMC-S-nZVI suspension and its remedial performance for two years. Short-term (0-17 days) monitoring demonstrated a good transport of the suspension in the down- and up-gradient wells, in terms of total iron, boron, and sulfides which were major constituents of CMC-S-nZVI. Changes in concentrations of parent compounds, intermediates, and ethene showed effective dechlorination of high-chlorinated VOCs such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and carbon tetrachloride (Nunez Garcia et al. 2020a, Nunez Garcia et al. 2020b). Long-term (157-729 days) performance was evaluated through temporal analyses of microbial communities, total iron, boron, and cVOCs in groundwater samples. Microbial populations, including organohalide-respiring bacteria, increased by >1 order of magnitude; with Geobacter being the most abundant. This long-term enrichment can be attributed to the low toxicity of CMC-S-nZVI and biostimulation by CMC and perhaps Fe3+. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis was carried out on microbial data grouped by depth range and proximity to the injection well. At locations that clearly received CMC-S-nZVI, there was a significant shift in microbial communities that was sustained for the long term. Iron concentrations increased substantially in long-term samples while boron concentrations decreased, suggesting that this iron did not come from CMC-S-nZVI. Microbial dissolution of iron minerals might have contributed to the increased iron content (Jones et al. 2006). Excess dithionite in CMC-S-nZVI would also have reductively dissolved native iron from the soil, as successfully demonstrated in the in situ redox manipulation (ISRM) technology wherein subsurface Fe3+ in soil was reduced to Fe2+ for long-term remedial purposes (Vermeul et al. 2000). Long-term changes in concentrations of lesser-chlorinated VOCs and hydrocarbons suggest that PCE was degraded via both the microbially-mediated sequential hydrogenolysis as well as the abiotic β-elimination. The intermediate vinyl chloride (VC) surprisingly did not accumulate in the current study, in contrast to the significant VC accumulation in a previous un-sulfidated CMC-nZVI trial at the same location (Kocur et al. 2016). Excess dithionite injected in this study might have avoided VC accumulation, as previously reported for ISRM treatment of a cVOCs-contaminated site (Vermeul et al. 2000). Additionally, the identified bacterial populations might have utilized sulfur species (from dithionite decomposition) and iron to form iron sulfides, which could dechlorinate cVOCs via in situ biogeochemical transformation (Kennedy et al. 2006). In summary, this study has demonstrated the long-term efficiency of CMC-S-nZVI for cVOCs removal through a combination of abiotic, biotic, and biostimulatory processes in the subsurface.

Pop culture as a weapon of psycho-mental war for youth

The article deals with the phenomenon of the impact of psycho-mental war on youth consciousness by means of pop culture. The means and methods of ideological, information-psychological and cultural influence on the younger generation are analyzed. It is proved that the leading programmer of youth consciousness is pop culture, as a commercial product of mass consumption, designed for a wide consumer and unprepared audience, usually young people. The space of pop music is shown as a kind of lifestyle that goes beyond the boundaries of musical culture and is subject to manipulative and fake technologies of information and psychological warfare.

Features of the formation of a system of modern values of a prospective journalist through talk shows: moral and ethical aspect

The authors analyze the influence of talk shows on the formation of a system of moral and ethical values among the youth audience in general and aspiring journalists in particular. The paper considers the impact of talk show programs and manipulative technologies on the target audience and analyzes the role of talk show hosts in shaping the moral consciousness of prospective journalists. The authors show that in the course of considering current issues that resonate in society or events of public interest, a certain opinion is often formed on topical and/or controversial issues of modern reality through talk shows.

Investigating Performance of the SLIM-Based High Resolution Ion Mobility Platform for Separation of Isomeric Phosphatidylcholine Species.

Lipids are structurally diverse molecules that play a pivotal role in a plethora of biological processes. However, deciphering the biological roles of the specific lipids is challenging due to the existence of numerous isomers. This high chemical complexity of the lipidome is one of the major challenges in lipidomics research, as the traditional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based approaches are often not powerful enough to resolve these isomeric and isobaric nuances within complex samples. Thus, lipids are uniquely suited to the benefits provided by multidimensional liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS) analysis. However, many forms of lipid isomerism, including double-bond positional isomers and regioisomers, are structurally similar such that their collision cross section (CCS) differences are unresolvable via conventional IM approaches. Here we evaluate the performance of a high resolution ion mobility (HRIM) system based on structures for lossless ion manipulation (SLIM) technology interfaced to a high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) analyzer to address the noted lipidomic isomerism challenge. SLIM implements the traveling wave ion mobility technique along an ∼13 m ion path, providing longer path lengths to enable improved separation of isomeric features. We demonstrate the power of HRIM-MS to dissect isomeric PC standards differing only in double bond (DB) and stereospecific number (SN) positions. The partial separation of protonated DB isomers is significantly enhanced when they are analyzed as metal adducts. For sodium adducts, we achieve close to baseline separation of three different PC 18:1/18:1 isomers with different cis-double bond locations. Similarly, PC 18:1/18:1 (cis-9) can be resolved from the corresponding PC 18:1/18:1 (trans-9) form. The separation capacity is further enhanced when using silver ion doping, enabling the baseline separation of regioisomers that cannot be resolved when measured as sodium adducts. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the approach were assessed, and the performance for more complex mixtures was benchmarked by identifying PC isomers in total brain and liver lipid extracts.

Professional education of officers: modern trends

Introduction. The professional education of Russian officers has always been of particular importance in ensuring its security and sovereignty. During the periods of the highest military victories and successes, it was based on national ideas and values, folk and military traditions. The beginning of their modern revival in our country provides a unique opportunity for the development of a full-fledged institute of professional education, conducting its activities on a scientific pedagogical basis.Materials and Methods. In the course of this study, the methodological foundations were system, socio-cultural and axiological approaches.The key concepts studied and used in the work are "professional education", its "ideological and value foundations", "modern trends in education", "traditions and innovations in education".Results. Professional education of officers in higher military educational institutions is understood by us as a systematic and planned activity of the state, society, military administration bodies for the training of highly professional military specialists, patriots of the Fatherland, carried out by pedagogical methods and means.Ideology plays a special role in education, which gives students an attractive image of the future, and values, the internalization of which ensures the formation of professionally necessary qualities in cadets and students.As revealed in the course of the study (5 monographs have been prepared on the problem, 4 of which are collective, and 16 articles in the journals of the RSCI and the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation), corporate (officer) traditions play a special role in professional education.The result of the effectiveness of professional education based on the ideas and values of Russian officers in the Novosibirsk VVKU is the readiness of graduates to defend the Fatherland. In the post– Soviet period, thousands of graduates were awarded state awards, 26 of them were awarded the title of "Hero of the Russian Federation", including 7 for participation in a Special military operation.Discussion and Conclusions. The professional education of cadets and students of military universities is successfully carried out on the idea of patriotism and national Russian values, approved by Decree No 809 of 9.11.2022.Its current trends are:– the formation of a nationally-oriented value-ideological basis;– return to the ideas of collective education that meet the ethnic traditions of the peoples of Russia;– balanced use of traditional and innovative forms and methods of education;– pedagogization of modern professional education, rejection of excessive use of manipulative technologies, priority use of persuasion and example methods by teachers.

Smart Manipulation of Complex Optical Elements via Contact-adaptive Dry Adhesives.

The implementation of complex, high-precision optical devices or systems, which have vital applications in the aerospace, medical, and military fields, requires the ability to reliably manipulate and assemble optical elements. However, this is a challenging task as these optical elements require contamination-free and damage-free manipulation and come in a variety of sizes and shapes. Here, a smart, contact-adaptive adhesive based on magnetic actuation is developed to address this challenge. Specifically, the surface bio-inspired adhesives made of fluororubber facilitate contamination-free and damage-free adhesion. The stiffness modulation of packaged magnetorheological grease based on the magnetorheological effect endows the smart adhesive with a high conformability to the optical elements in the soft state, a high grip force in the stiff state, and the ability to quickly release the optical elements in the recovered soft state. The smart adhesive provides a versatile solution for reliably and quickly manipulating and assembling multiscale optical elements with planar or complex 3D shapes without causing surface contamination or damage. These extraordinary capabilities are demonstrated by the manipulation and assembly of various optical elements, such as convex/concave/ball lenses and extremely complex-shaped light guide plates. The proposed smart adhesive is a promising candidate for conventional optical element manipulation technologies.

Fabricating a war? Russian (dis)information on Ukraine

Abstract Propaganda has been an age-old part of warmongering. It is thus no surprise that the Russian invasion of Ukraine was preceded by, and continues to be fuelled by, propaganda transmitted by state-controlled Russian media. What is more unusual about the Russian (dis)information campaigns is the sheer volume of distorted narratives or complete fictional accounts about the conflict. This article explores the content and technologies of Russian information manipulation of domestic audiences in the context of the invasion of Ukraine. We also examine the bases for the sustained robust public support for the war within Russia during the first 12 months of the conflict, despite being based on mostly fabricated (dis)information. Relying on political psychology and communication theory we explain how emotions and associative memories have played an important role in the Russian public's sustained approval to the war. Our findings point to that in the absence of contrasted and independently-verified information, the volume, frequency, emotional intensity of slick, plug-and-play media packages on Ukraine have acted to displace and distort the average Russian's associative social monitoring processes.

Image Manipulation Localization Using Attentional Cross-Domain CNN Features.

Along with the advancement of manipulation technologies, image modification is becoming increasingly convenient and imperceptible. To tackle the challenging image tampering detection problem, this article presents an attentional cross-domain deep architecture, which can be trained end-to-end. This architecture is composed of three convolutional neural network (CNN) streams to extract three types of features, including visual perception, resampling, and local inconsistency features, from spatial and frequency domains. The multitype and cross-domain features are then combined to formulate hybrid features to distinguish manipulated regions from nonmanipulated parts. Compared with other deep architectures, the proposed one spans a more complementary and discriminative feature space by integrating richer types of features from different domains in a unified end-to-end trainable framework and thus can better capture artifacts caused by different types of manipulations. In addition, we design and train a module called tampering discriminative attention network (TDA-Net) to highlight suspicious parts. These part-level representations are then integrated with the global ones to further enhance the discriminating capability of the hybrid features. To adequately train the proposed architecture, we synthesize a large dataset containing various types of manipulations based on DRESDEN and COCO. Experiments on four public datasets demonstrate that the proposed model can localize various manipulations and achieve the state-of-the-art performance. We also conduct ablation studies to verify the effectiveness of each stream and the TDA-Net module.

Политическое «доминирование» Дж. Байдена в контексте технологий коммуникативного манипулирования (на материале английского языка)

The research is a communicative analysis based on the interpretative model of speech behaviour of the incumbent US President J. Biden, demonstrating the implementation of an attempt of political dominance in the international context of the highest state level. The constructed form of communicative representation finds expression on the verbal and nonverbal levels. Specific communicative moves determined allow us to fully perceive the multidimensionality of the embedded meaning. Both the broad macro-textual and narrow micro-textual levels of political discourse are subjected to communicative analysis. The study of a political domination structure, the threat, interpreted through the means of communicative manipulation, acquires a deep consideration. One of the forms of psychological and tactical violence within the framework of political discourse is a threat. The latter receives a pragmatic implementation, reflecting the ways of manifestation in the context of communicative manipulation means – both of direct and indirect expression. Media materials in text and video formats are being studied. The conducted research introduces a number of clarifying theoretical positions in understanding the theory and practice of communicative manipulation technologies.

Tactile-Sensing Technologies: Trends, Challenges and Outlook in Agri-Food Manipulation.

Tactile sensing plays a pivotal role in achieving precise physical manipulation tasks and extracting vital physical features. This comprehensive review paper presents an in-depth overview of the growing research on tactile-sensing technologies, encompassing state-of-the-art techniques, future prospects, and current limitations. The paper focuses on tactile hardware, algorithmic complexities, and the distinct features offered by each sensor. This paper has a special emphasis on agri-food manipulation and relevant tactile-sensing technologies. It highlights key areas in agri-food manipulation, including robotic harvesting, food item manipulation, and feature evaluation, such as fruit ripeness assessment, along with the emerging field of kitchen robotics. Through this interdisciplinary exploration, we aim to inspire researchers, engineers, and practitioners to harness the power of tactile-sensing technology for transformative advancements in agri-food robotics. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape and future prospects, this review paper serves as a valuable resource for driving progress in the field of tactile sensing and its application in agri-food systems.

Манипуляция как феномен информационного общества

The article touches upon the most urgent problem of information manipulation with the aim of influencing society. In most sources manipulation is interpreted as the use of certain techniques and technologies, under the influence of which the behavior of people changes in the direction necessary for the manipulator. It is noted that the most favorable conditions for the implementation of manipulation technologies are formed in the information society, in which information, knowledge and information technologies play a special role. The analysis of existing theories allows us to consider the information society as a special type of society at the post-industrial stage of development, the production of which is based on information. Various algorithms for presenting information are used, from the elementary dissemination of information that cannot be verified to its purposeful combination, taking into account the peculiarities of perception by different audiences, including the specifics of the preferable communication channels. At different stages society development manipulation has its own characteristics. In today's information society, the biggest threat is the media. The media today is a real force in society, which, with the help of information messages, forms certain social attitudes and influences the change in a person's beliefs. The process of manipulation includes the imposition of a certain social stereotypes, thanks to which an individual reproduces the necessary behavior patterns, perception and thinking changes. The results of a number of sociological studies reveal the features of impact technologies, among which the authors note the special role of the media in imposing stereotypes through the creation of socially significant images, which also act as propaganda and agitation tools.

Multi-attention-based approach for deepfake face and expression swap detection and localization

Advancements in facial manipulation technology have resulted in highly realistic and indistinguishable face and expression swap videos. However, this has also raised concerns regarding the security risks associated with deepfakes. In the field of multimedia forensics, the detection and precise localization of image forgery has become essential tasks. Current deepfake detectors perform well with high-quality faces within specific datasets, but often struggle to maintain their performance when evaluated across different datasets. To this end, we propose an attention-based multi-task approach to improve feature maps for classification and localization tasks. The encoder and the attention-based decoder of our network generate localized maps that highlight regions with information about the type of manipulation. These localized features are shared with the classification network, improving its performance. Instead of using encoded spatial features, attention-based localized features from the decoder’s first layer are combined with frequency domain features to create a discriminative representation for deepfake detection. Through extensive experiments on face and expression swap datasets, we demonstrate that our method achieves competitive performance in comparison to state-of-the-art deepfake detection approaches in both in-dataset and cross-dataset scenarios. Code is available at https://github.com/saimawaseem/Multi-Attention-Based-Approach-for-Deepfake-Face-and-Expression-Swap-Detection-and-Localization.