Social technicalization refers to the construction and operation of society in accordance with the principles of technology. The stage of modern social technicalization was spawned after the Industrial Revolution and has mainly been manifested in two aspects: the heavy reliance of the operation of society on technology, and the increasing rationality of social technology. Modern society has undergone four stages of development driven by natural and social technologies: the initial stage, the institutionalised stage, the era of globalisation and the era of intelligence. The standardisation of social technology into natural technology, the comprehensive shaping of the human perspective and the promotion of social technicalization to attain social modernisation highlight the rationality and progressiveness of the technicalization of modern society. However, the rise of technological rationality also poses the dilemma of the one-sided human pursuit of efficiency, which has deepened the conflict between technology and culture and has exacerbated the imbalance between the development of social technology and natural technology. This needs to be examined dialectically.