Elements Of Technology Research Articles

Effect of elements of cultivation technology on the content of chlorophyll in chickpea plants

Effect of elements of cultivation technology on the content of chlorophyll in chickpea plants

BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L.) UNDER THE INFLUENCE ON SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING

The aim of the present work was to establish the peculiarities of the formation of biometric parameters of safflower varieties depending on the influence of the elements of cultivation technology – the seeding rate and the row spacing in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. This study was conducted in the field of the Agronomic Research Station of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine in the years 2021-2023 on typical low-humus soils. The scheme of the three-factor field experiment was made to study the influence of the following factors: factor A – varieties “Dobrynia” and “Soniachnyi”, factor B – row spacing: 19, 38 and 57 cm, factor C – seeding rate: 100, 200 and 300 thousand seeds/ha. Results. It is established that the row spacing of 19 cm and a seeding rate of 300 thousand seeds/ha contributed to the formation of a better height of safflower plants than on the variants with a row spacing of 38 and 57 cm, while the plants did not overgrow under such conditions. It was investigated that the number of heads was higher in both varieties with the row spacing of 38 cm, at the same time the average number of heads of the variety “Dobrynia” was made 20,2-22,2, and of the variety “Soniachnyi” – 19,2-22,1. The mass of 1000 seeds was higher with a row spacing of 57 cm, and for “Dodrynia” variety in average it was made 47,7 g, for “Soniachnyi” variety – 49,2 g. For “Dobrynia” variety the number of seeds per plant under the seeding rate of 100 thousand seeds/ha and row spacing of 19 cm was made 450,9 and for “Sonyachnyi” variety the number of seeds per plant under the seeding rate of 100 thousand seeds/ha and row spacing of 38 cm was made 455,4. On the same variants of the experiment, the seed weight per plant was made 20,6 and 21,1 g/plant, which corresponded to the best indicators in context of the variants. Conclusions. It has been studied that the formation of plant height, the number of heads and the mass of 1000 seeds is influenced by the row spacing in the range of 53.2-68.9%, and varietal peculiarities determine the limits of deviations of the characteristics by 13-29.8%. At the same time, the seeding rate had a slight effect on the studied indicators. In contrast to these characteristics, the number of seeds per plant and the weight of seeds per plant significantly depend on the seeding rate of safflower (at the level of 71.3-78.7%), while the row spacing affects only 14.6-22.6 %, and the variety has no significant effect on these parameters.

DYNAMICS OF GREEN BIOMASS AND DRY MATTER YIELD FORMATION IN ESPARCET AS AFFECTED BY ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY

Perennial legume crops are crucial for solving the problem of feed protein. In addition, due to the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, they constitute the basis of biological farming in today’s agriculture. Among a number of perennial legume crops, esparcet deserves special attention, as it ensures a steady yield of green biomass. It is not highly demanding on soil fertility. Also, it is a good honey plant and medicinal crop. The article discusses the influence of the elements of cultivation technology on the yield of green biomass and dry matter in esparect. The highest yields of green biomass and dry matter of the biomass for 2 harvests were obtained for harvesting at the start of the budding stage at a sowing rate of 6 million seeds/ha, a row width of30 cm, and the application of fertiliser N30P60K90: 43.4 t/ha of green biomass and 11.0 t/ha of dry matter. We found that the influence of the studied factors was not the same. The highest yields were obtained at a sowing rate of 6 million seeds/ha, while an increase in the sowing rate to 7 million seeds/ha or a decrease to 5 million seeds/ha led to a decrease in yield. The lowest yields were recorded in a control treatment at a sowing rate of 5 million seeds/ha: 37.1 t/ha of green biomass and 8.1 t/ha of dry matter. The highest yields were obtained at a sowing rate of 6 million seeds/ha: 38.4 t/ha of green biomass and 8.7 t/ha of dry matter. An increase in the sowing rate to 7 million seeds/ha did not increase the yield, but led to a slight decrease in the yield of dry biomass and dry matter: 37.8 t/ha and 8.6 t/ha, respectively. The factor of fertilisation was less influent. When nitrogen was added to the phosphorus-potassium fertiliser N30P60K90, we recorded the highest yields: 43.4 t/ha of dry biomass and 11.0 t/ha of dry matter. With an increase in nitrogen rate to N45P60K90, the yield of green biomass remained at the same level; however, the yield of dry matter slightly decreased to 10.8 t/ha.

Shakespeare and Social Presence: The Power of Virtual Reality in Remote Education

This mixed methods study focuses on a remote educational intervention using Quest 2 headsets to facilitate a virtual reality book club studying the works of William Shakespeare. Students engaged with one another, a teacher, and a live actor in virtual reality using VRChat and Bigscreen for this online learning experience. Social presence and academic growth were evaluated. Data was collected using a pre-post assessment test, writing prompts, multiple-choice questions, and student interviews to measure knowledge of Shakespearean works. Three quantitative measures, student interviews, and writing prompts were used to assess social presence. Results suggested that students can learn about Shakespeare while also building social presence in virtual reality. The majority of students interviewed stated it was easier to make friends in virtual reality than in an in-person setting. This study can serve as a model for future research on the social and academic elements of innovative educational technology.

Formation of plant density in esparcet sowings as affected by elements of cultivation technology

Formation of plant density in esparcet sowings as affected by elements of cultivation technology

К вопросу о перспективах возделывания овсяницы тростниковой (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) на орошаемых землях Нижнего Поволжья

Purpose: to perform a review of an under-investigated bluegrass crop – tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), which is not widespread in forage production, but has some advantages over other bluegrass grasses. Discussion. Tall fescue is characterized by high seed and forage yields, a long-time growing season, early regrowth in spring, an ability to vegetate until late autumn, and an active regrow capacity. Fescue agrocenoses are responsive to irrigation and a high background of mineral nutrition. The ability to grow on saline and alkalini soils is also important. It is widely used for slope and ravines stabilization. Providing optimal combinations of plant life factors creates conditions for good growth, development and formation of high productivity for a long time as well as allows the crop to persist and prevail in multi-species agrocenoses in a wide variety of soil and climatic conditions – from forest and forest-steppe to steppe and semi-desert regions. Tall fescue grows well in damp places under natural conditions. This moisture-loving plant tolerates moisture-saturated, heavy loamy soils well. Regulation of the water regime of fescue crops ensures a more complete use of the biological potential of the crop, which is expressed in the receipt of two additional mowings, compared to natural moisture conditions. Tall fescue is used mainly in the form of hay, silage and haylage. Conclusion. Cultivation of tall fescue against the background of mineral fertilizer application and irrigation ensures an yield increase on average up to 15 t/ha of dry matter and up to 2.5 t/ha of crude protein collection. The wide distribution of this valuable crop in forage production in arid zones is hampered by the lack of scientifically based rational methods for creating highly productive grass stands and elements of cultivation technology.

ВИРОЩУВАННЯ СОРГО ЗЕРНОВОГО НА КИСЛИХ ГРУНТАХ В УМОВАХ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

The work aims to conduct production field research to determine the potential yield level of grain sorghum on acidic soils, as well as work out the generally accepted basic elements of cultivation technology with its subsequent cultivation in the Zakarpattia region. Materials and methods. In 2023, the production range for growing grain sorghum at Karpatiagroproduct LLC was located in the lowland zone of Uzhgorod district, Zakarpattia region. The article describes agrotechnical operations related to soil cultivation, application of fertilizers and plant protection products that were used in the farm, the main of which was the application of mineral fertilizer diammonium phosphate (NP 18:46) at the rate of 160 kg during sowing. The sowing rate was 165,000 seeds per hectare with a row width of 37 sm. Results. Sorghum is not picky about soils, so it can grow on both clay and sandy soils. The landfill where sorghum was grown is characterized by a low content of mobile phosphorus (6.33 mg/kg), a very low content of total nitrogen (N-NO3- + N-NH4+ – 8.92 mg/kg). According to the degree of acidity, the soil belongs to a very acidic soil (the hydrogen index of the saline extract of the soil is 4.08). In the economic conditions of 2023, the yield of sorghum grain hybrid Iceberg was 4.4 t/ha, which is 1.0 t/ha more than the average yield of sorghum in Ukraine over the past 10 years. Taking into account the genetic potential of this crop and the sufficient level of moisture supply of the territory, the level of the sorghum harvest should be twice as large. Because sorghum is not recommended to be grown on acidic, waterlogged soils with a close occurrence of groundwater, the underachieved level of the harvest to some extent may be related to this. In addition, the low content of mobile phosphorus and very low content of available nitrogen, which is characteristic of acidic clay soils, to some extent negatively affected the processes of crop yield formation. Conclusions. The obtained sorghum yield at Karpatiagroproduct LLC - 4.4 t/ha is lower than the average yield in Italy, by 2.6 t/ha, and in France - by 0.6 t/ha. However, it was in the territory of Ukraine that the record yield of sorghum in the world was obtained - 14.43 t/ha, which testifies to the high potential of grain sorghum and the unlimited potential of scientific and industrial research to reveal the genetic expression of this crop. Keywords: grain sorghum, yield, soil pH, «Iceberg» hybrid, agricultural technology.

Учет мелиорированных земель в Российской Федерации

Purpose: the review of the current state of legal aspects and features of the reclaimed land (RL) registering. Discussion. Information on the availability, areas and RL use is currently provided to various departments. The number of bodies exceeds a dozen. Different interpretations of the requirements for input data and technical errors during input lead to inconsistencies in the data of various departments. A significant number of changes and innovations in regulatory and legal documentation indicate the imperfection of the RL registration process and constant attempts to improve it. Vast areas of reclamation systems and their division in forms of ownership complicate the registration of the available RL. The confidentiality of information obtained during the RL registration does not allow for a detailed analysis of the effectiveness of the reclamation systems functioning, even within the same department. As a result, it is impossible to create an objective picture of the reclamation system functioning and the reclamation complex as a whole. The solution to the problem of data inconsistency, including when taking into account RL, as well as quick and accurate determination of the RL location and GTS, is seen in the creation of a geographic information system (GIS) within a single digital portal. Certain elements of GIS technologies have already applied today, but the main advantage of the system being developed should be the integration of information from different sources to create a reference source of information. The development of such a system has been ongoing since 2008; currently it is a Unified Federal Information System on Agricultural Lands (UFIS AL). Conclusions. A review of the current state of legal aspects and features of the RL registering allowed coming to the conclusion that filling the UFIS AL with accurate and reliable information will allow using it for creating services to solve various problems, including the development of digital services, for example, facilitating the treaty-making process for the provision of water supply and (or) drainage services.

Yield structure and grain quality of spring soft wheat depending on the elements of cultivation technology

Yield structure and grain quality of spring soft wheat depending on the elements of cultivation technology

Silk-based intelligent fibers and textiles: structures, properties, and applications.

Multifunctional fibers represent a cornerstone of human civilization, playing a pivotal role in numerous aspects of societal development. Natural biomaterials, in contrast to synthetic alternatives, offer environmental sustainability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Among these biomaterials, natural silk is favored in biomedical applications and smart fiber technology due to its accessibility, superior mechanical properties, diverse functional groups, controllable structure, and exceptional biocompatibility. This review delves into the intricate structure and properties of natural silk fibers and their extensive applications in biomedicine and smart fiber technology. It highlights the critical significance of silk fibers in the development of multifunctional materials, emphasizing their mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. A detailed analysis of the hierarchical structure of silk fibers elucidates how these structural features contribute to their unique properties. The review also encompasses the biomedical applications of silk fibers, including surgical sutures, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems, along with recent advancements in smart fiber applications such as sensing, optical technologies, and energy storage. The enhancement of functional properties of silk fibers through chemical or physical modifications is discussed, suggesting broader high-end applications. Additionally, the review addresses current challenges and future directions in the application of silk fibers in biomedicine and smart fiber technologies, underscoring silk's potential in driving contemporary technological innovations. The versatility and sustainability of silk fibers position them as pivotal elements in contemporary materials science and technology, fostering the development of next-generation smart materials.

Цифрова платформа як інструмент цифровізації освіти

Under the influence of digital transformation, which consists in the digitalization of various spheres of human life, a new technological phenomenon is emerging – a digital platform. In the context of economic development, rapid changes in information technology and a new quality of society, modern education is based on high-tech educational tools, i. e. mobile and universal digital platforms. The authors of the article analyze the concept of «digital platform» in the context of its use in the digital educational environment in the context of digitalization of education. The current approaches to the interpretation of digital platforms, proposed by various scientists, are considered. It is determined that the digital platform should be considered as one of the digital learning tools in the course of the educational process in the context of digitalization of education. Also, a digital platform is a virtual spot, an information and communication environment that provides academic content, productive activities, communication and interactive interaction of participants in the process, also a software and hardware tool that provides access to the digital educational environment of all participants at any time from anywhere in the world and ensures the educational process in distance learning. The problems, advantages and disadvantages associated with the functioning of digital platforms are identified. It is also noted that the digital educational environment, thanks to the capabilities of digital platforms, should be a center for various information flows due to the active information interaction of all participants in the educational process. Hence, digital platforms are one of the most important tools in the digitalization process and are considered perspective for the digitalization of education. They are made up of technological, productive and communicative elements. This allows for the effective development of such a form of education as distance learning, which has become especially relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

The Technological and Non-Technological Elements of Industry 4.0: a Bibliometric Study and a Theoretical Model

The Technological and Non-Technological Elements of Industry 4.0: a Bibliometric Study and a Theoretical Model

Research on Numerical Analysis Methods of New Quality Productivity Development in Colleges and Universities Oriented to Party Building Leadership

Abstract This paper selects key indicators between party building system inputs and new quality productivity output elements of universities and adopts the correlation method to study the relationship between such elements. From the perspective of mathematical analysis, we can show the interactive relationship between intelligent party building inputs and scientific and technological output elements of universities. The questionnaire method is used to conduct an in-depth investigation and research on the actual situation of postgraduate students’ innovation ability and cultivation. The results of the study show that the elements of funding for the construction of the intelligent party building system show a rising trend from 2020 to 2024. The input of funding for smart party building is proportional to the output, i.e., the greater the input, the more output of new quality productivity in colleges and universities. When investigating the importance of party building in the cultivation of postgraduate students’ innovation abilities, 48.2% of the students believe it is very important. About 58% of the students think that the party building system of their students plays a certain role in cultivating innovation ability.

Influence of elements of technology on the formation of productivity of sarepta mustard

Influence of elements of technology on the formation of productivity of sarepta mustard

Suitability elements of technology enabled/enhanced active learning for engineering students

Suitability elements of technology enabled/enhanced active learning for engineering students

Foliar feeding of corn with microfertilizers – an effective element of technology or a “trend”?

Foliar feeding of corn with microfertilizers – an effective element of technology or a “trend”?

Suitability elements of technology enabled/enhanced active learning for engineering students

Suitability elements of technology enabled/enhanced active learning for engineering students

Walking to Prevent Fear of Falling Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

The current review sought to identify and synthesize the evidence on available interventions that include walking and their impact on fear of falling (FOF) among community-dwelling older adults without cognitive impairment. A 10-year search was conducted (January 2012 to January 2022) in two peer-reviewed databases. A total of 116 articles were identified, and 22 articles were reviewed. Most studies included multicomponent walking interventions, such as walking and another type of intervention or exercise. Among the different questionnaires to assess FOF, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International was the most used in 77.3% (n = 17) of studies. In addition to walking, interventions to reduce FOF mainly included balance training, lower extremity strengthening, cardio or aerobic exercises, or a combination of these exercises. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of unidimensional walking interventions, as well as those that incorporate psychological and technological elements targeted to FOF prevention and management. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(1), 15-21.].

Energy assessment of technology elements for growing millet as an intermediate crop

Energy assessment of technology elements for growing millet as an intermediate crop

Performance assessment and impact of electric vehicles penetration in active distribution grids

Because of the ongoing discussion about global warming, many nations have developed several approaches to address this problem. Some strategies are: renewable energy integration, agricultural robotic solutions, and electric vehicle penetration. The last strategy, the electric vehicle (EV), has gained considerable attention due to the paradigm shift in the transport sector driven by internal combustion engines and EV penetration can also achieve efficient operation of power grids. However, there are numerous challenges associated with the penetration of these technologies within active distribution networks. It is necessary to analyze the increased amount of electricity consumption in these grids, the degradation in the voltage profile in these networks and the hosting capacity assessment of electric vehicle integration in these grids. This paper analyzes the influence of EV penetration on a 34-bus active distribution system through five EV stations and proposes two alternatives for improving the introduction of these technological elements. Specifically, it analyzes the voltage levels at the system nodes and proposes an intelligent management of resources through capacitor banks and transformer taps. From the results, the effects on the network were voltage drop on some bus bars and an increase or decrease of the loading on lines depending on the EV penetration. It is also evident that 9% of the bus bars were not working under acceptable voltage ranges in the worst-case scenario.