Technological Capabilities Research Articles

3D Construction Printing as a Tool for Forming the Design Methodology of an Actual Modern Object of Architecture and Construction

An analysis of the experience of the design and construction of objects of modern architecture, reflecting in an aesthetic image, a high -tech direction and brightness of the image. In particular, the features of 3D construction printing with a variety of approaches and purposes of using this technology in the field of architecture are considered.The purpose of the research and analysis is to bring the theory of technological capabilities, their practical application and the relevance of modern architectural solutions into design methods, on the basis of which it is possible to form general trends and directions of aesthetic images of modern architecture.The article presents an approach to the design of a residential housing facility based on the analyzed experience and selected methods of architectural design, taking into account their subsequent implementation by 3D construction printing.

Accelerating AI for science: open data science for science.

Aspirations for artificial intelligence (AI) as a catalyst for scientific discovery are growing. High-profile successes deploying AI in domains such as protein folding have highlighted AI's potential to unlock new frontiers of scientific knowledge. However, the pathway from AI innovation to deployment in research is not linear. Those seeking to drive a new wave of scientific progress through the application of AI require a diffusion engine that can enhance AI adoption across disciplines. Lessons from previous waves of technology change, experiences of deploying AI in real-world contexts and an emerging research agenda from the AI for science community suggest a framework for accelerating AI adoption. This framework requires action to build supply chains of ideas between disciplines; rapidly transfer technological capabilities through open research; create AI tools that empower researchers; and embed effective data stewardship. Together, these interventions can cultivate an environment of open data science that deliver the benefits of AI across the sciences.

Правовые основы использования искусственного интеллекта в судебной деятельности в России и за рубежом

The article examines the prospects, opportunities and risks of the «digital judge» concept. It is shown that it is based on the introduction of technological capabilities of Artificial Intelligence in the process of organizing and implementing judicial power. It is shown that Artificial Intelligence is already used to one degree or another by judges in the performance of their professional duties, which is associated with the general digitalization of the judiciary. General features of the concept of predictive justice are highlighted. The need for digital uniformity in the execution of documents submitted to the judicial authorities, as well as their proper structuring, is indicated. The conclusion is formulated that without the creation of large information platforms, it is impossible to effectively implement Artificial Intelligence in the process of implementing judicial power.

Customer Information Technology Capability and Suppliers’ Commitments

Customer Information Technology Capability and Suppliers’ Commitments

The Availability of Technological Capabilities to Support Demands from Regulators

The Availability of Technological Capabilities to Support Demands from Regulators

Provincial emission inventory of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China

China, as the largest global emitter of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), exhibits significant variation in energy structure and technological capabilities among provinces. It is vital to construct a provincial-level emission inventory of PAHs, fully considering these provincial disparities, for assessing the environmental budgets and instituting effective mitigation measures. This study constructed a dataset of provincial PAHs emission factors based on downscaling estimates by incorporating the Human Development Index (HDI). These emission factors were combined with the latest activity rate data to estimate PAHs emissions from individual provinces in China from 2007 to 2017. The national total PAHs emissions in our study were 11.8–12.3% higher than the previous emission inventory results. The validation results indicated that the inventory-based PAHs emissions were significantly correlated with the simulated emissions by an atmospheric box model and watershed model. From 2007 to 2017, nearly three-quarters of provinces declined in PAHs emissions resulting from technological advancements and environmental standard improvements, leading to a 34.4% reduction (from 118.5 to 77.8 Gg) of the national total. The industrial sector was consistently the dominant contributor (51.9–66.4%) with a growing trend in its share. This growth was dominantly contributed by less developed provinces, such as Heilongjiang, Ningxia, and Qinghai, indicating that there was a shift of industrial sectors and associated PAHs emissions from highly concentrated industrial regions to nascent industrial regions. This study provides essential data support for a comprehensive understanding of each province's emission responsibilities regarding PAHs and for assessing the potential risks that PAHs pose to human health and ecosystems in these provinces.

La acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas en una empresa agrícola de la región de los Altos de Jalisco

This article analyzes the accumulation of technological capabilities (tcs) and the way they have influenced the creation of competitive advantages, as well as the impact of technological overlap in an agricultural company. Although the sector is primarily en-gaged in primary activities, it would be incorrect to assume that it does not make use of technology. The study applied a case study methodology, adapting the Technological Capabilities Matrix into a questionnaire format. Additionally, it was complemented with tools for innovation and technology analysis, and evidence was collected through interviews. The results indicate that tcs have been primarily accumulated through the acquisition of external technology with minor adjustments, especially in the pro-duction and administration departments. This has enabled the company to increase its production capacity, expand its market presence, and enhance quality control. Despite the adoption of technologies, the sector still faces challenges to overcome.

Exploring citizens’ cluster attitudes and importance-performance policy for adopting sustainable waste management practices

This study aims to bridge the gap between governmental policymaking and citizens’ environmental attitudes by providing scientific advice to governments on how to encourage community engagement in sustainable waste management (SWM) programs. It seeks to integrate citizens’ class preferences, based on their environmental awareness, into SWM programs. The study employs comprehensive data analysis, including factor identification based on class attitudes, preference determination through environmental awareness, importance-performance analysis, and probit and logit models. Through this analysis, the study identifies the nexus between societal attitudes and environmental concerns as crucial for the success of SWM in metropolitan cities. The research consists of several stages of data analysis, such as identifying factors and classes based on citizen attitudes, analyzing preferences through an importance-performance analysis of SWM programs, and creating models using probit and logit methods. The analysis reveals two critical factors for the success of SWM in metropolitan cities: societal attitudes and environmental concerns. From the analysis, two distinct societal classes emerge: proactive ’Sustainable Supporters’ and more passive ’Indifferent Citizens’. The policy implications derived from the study suggest that while ’Sustainable Supporters’ can be further mobilized through an advanced SWM platform that emphasizes awareness, collection optimization, and waste processing, the ’Indifferent Citizens’ require strategies focused on bolstering digital SWM programs that simplify waste disposal and recycling. To encourage broader participation and ensure the effectiveness of SWM, governments and relevant organizations are advised to raise public awareness of SWM, improve infrastructural and technological capabilities in waste management, and formulate policies that unequivocally support SWM.

The contingent effects of strategic orientations and strategic capabilities on competitive performance: Evidence from Ethiopian manufacturing enterprises

While there are several studies that examine the performance implications of different strategic orientations, little is known regarding the complex interplay between the two prominent strategic orientations and strategic capabilities in impacting firm performance. Notably, it is ambiguous how a firm's strategic orientations are aligned with different strategic capabilities to maintain competitive performance. To address this gap, the study employs a moderated mediation analysis to investigate the mediating role of strategic capabilities in the relationship between market, technology orientations, and firm performance. It also examines the moderating effect of environmental dynamism in shaping the mediated association between strategic orientations and performance. Based on the survey results of 205 large Ethiopian manufacturing firms, our findings confirm that market orientation exerts a positive and significant influence on both marketing and market-linking capabilities, while only marketing capabilities mediate the relationship between market orientation and firm performance. Likewise, there is a strong association between technology orientation and strategic capabilities (i.e., technology and information technology capabilities), mediating the relationship with firm performance. Meanwhile, environmental dynamism influences the indirect relationship that exists between market, technology, and firm performance through their corresponding strategic capabilities. Our study sheds light on strategic management literature by showing the unique relationship and interdependency between strategic orientations and capabilities in attaining superior performance. This study also forwarded some practical implications of the findings.

Technology and Access to Healthcare with Different Scheduling Systems: A Scoping Review.

Online consultation scheduling is increasingly common in health services across various countries. This paper reviews articles published in the past five years and reflects on the risks and benefits of this practice, linking it to a recent Portuguese pilot project. A search for articles from Web of Science and Scopus published since 2018 was conducted using the terms "online scheduling," "online booking," and "consultations." This search was completed in the last week of 2023. Out of 64 articles retrieved, 26 were relevant to the topic. These articles were reviewed, and their main findings, along with those from other relevant sources, were discussed. Several limitations of online consultations were identified, encompassing ethical, clinical, and economic aspects. While these consultations tend to be less expensive, their accessibility varies based on factors such as the users' age, whether they reside in rural or urban areas, and the technological capabilities of different countries, indicating that access disparities may continue to widen. Confidentiality concerns also arise, varying by medical specialty, along with issues related to payment. Overall, however, both users and health professionals view the advent of online consultation booking positively. In conclusion, despite the risks identified, online consultation booking has the potential to enhance user access to health services, provided that usage limitations and technological disparities are addressed. Research production has not kept pace with rapid technological advancements.

ИННОВАЦИЯЛЫК ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫН ЭКОНОМИКАЛЫК ЖАНА ФИНАНСЫЛЫК САБАТТУУЛУККА ТИЙГИЗГЕН ТААСИРИ

Innovative technologies are constantly and dynamically developing in connection with the rapidly changing market economy and competitive conditions at the global level. This is caused by the need to use modern technologies for human life. As a result of the sharp increase in the use of modern innovative technologies in everyday life, computer-related professions are developing. Another important benefit is the impact of innovative technologies on economic and financial literacy, as well as digital factors, which will become fundamental elements of new information technologies. Nowadays, innovative technologies play the most important and important role in our lives. Innovative technologies determine the level of development of society. Recently, the development of innovative technologies and the improvement of the capabilities of Internet technologies have had a great impact on information literacy.

Integrating machine learning and blockchain: Conceptual frameworks for real-time fraud detection and prevention

Integrating machine learning (ML) and blockchain technologies presents a groundbreaking approach to real-time fraud detection and prevention, addressing the growing complexity and sophistication of financial fraud schemes. This integration leverages the strengths of both technologies: the predictive power of ML algorithms and the transparency, security, and immutability of blockchain. Machine learning algorithms are proficient at analyzing large datasets, detecting patterns, and identifying anomalies that signify potential fraud. By employing supervised learning models such as logistic regression, decision trees, and neural networks, financial institutions can classify transactions and predict fraudulent activities with high accuracy. Unsupervised learning techniques, such as clustering and anomaly detection, are instrumental in discovering new fraud patterns without the need for labeled data, thus enhancing the detection of novel fraudulent behaviors. Blockchain technology, on the other hand, provides a decentralized and tamper-proof ledger that ensures data integrity and traceability. Transactions recorded on a blockchain are immutable and transparent, allowing for real-time monitoring and auditing. Smart contracts, self-executing contracts with the terms directly written into code, can be programmed to trigger alerts or actions when suspicious transactions are detected, further automating the fraud prevention process. The conceptual framework for integrating ML and blockchain involves several key components. First, data from financial transactions are continuously collected and stored on a blockchain, ensuring transparency and security. ML algorithms analyze this data in real time, identifying suspicious patterns and flagging potential fraud. When a potential fraud is detected, a smart contract is executed, which can instantly block the transaction, alert the relevant authorities, or initiate further verification processes. This integrated approach addresses several challenges in traditional fraud detection systems. The decentralized nature of blockchain eliminates single points of failure and reduces the risk of data tampering. The transparency of blockchain enhances the trustworthiness of the detection process, while the predictive capabilities of ML provide high accuracy and adaptability to new fraud tactics. Additionally, the real-time processing capabilities of both technologies ensure prompt detection and prevention of fraudulent activities. In conclusion, the integration of machine learning and blockchain offers a robust framework for real-time fraud detection and prevention. This synergy not only enhances the security and reliability of financial transactions but also paves the way for more advanced and automated compliance systems, ultimately strengthening the financial ecosystem against fraudulent threats.

Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display (HMD) and Preoperative Patient-Specific Simulation: Impact on Decision-Making in Pediatric Urology: Preliminary Data.

To assess how virtual reality (VR) patient-specific simulations can support decision-making processes and improve care in pediatric urology, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Children diagnosed with urological conditions necessitating complex procedures were retrospectively reviewed and enrolled in the study. Patient-specific VR simulations were developed with medical imaging specialists and VR technology experts. Routine CT images were utilized to create a VR environment using advanced software platforms. The accuracy and fidelity of the VR simulations was validated through a multi-step process. This involved comparing the virtual anatomical models to the original medical imaging data and conducting feedback sessions with pediatric urology experts to assess VR simulations' realism and clinical relevance. A total of six pediatric patients were reviewed. The median age of the participants was 5.5 years (IQR: 3.5-8.5 years), with an equal distribution of males and females across both groups. A minimally invasive laparoscopic approach was performed for adrenal lesions (n = 3), Wilms' tumor (n = 1), bilateral nephroblastomatosis (n = 1), and abdominal trauma in complex vascular and renal malformation (ptotic and hypoplastic kidney) (n = 1). Key benefits included enhanced visualization of the segmental arteries and the deep vascularization of the kidney and adrenal glands in all cases. The high depth perception and precision in the orientation of the arteries and veins to the parenchyma changed the intraoperative decision-making process in five patients. Preoperative VR patient-specific simulation did not offer accuracy in studying the pelvic and calyceal anatomy. VR patient-specific simulations represent an empowering tool in pediatric urology. By leveraging the immersive capabilities of VR technology, preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation can greatly impact surgical decision-making. As we continue to advance in medical simulation, VR holds promise in educational programs to include even surgical treatment of more complex urogenital malformations.

Digital transformation strategy, information technology capability and supply chain management of manufacturing enterprises: Basis for an enhanced technology innovation framework

Digital transformation strategy, information technology capability and supply chain management of manufacturing enterprises: Basis for an enhanced technology innovation framework

SME digital transformation and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of a hard-hit metropolitan area

Abstract Cities and regions are facing diverse challenges, and the transformation to a digital economy is a core issue. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had widespread impacts on business, and it has heightened the need for digitalization. We analyse if and to what degree the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the metropolitan region of Madrid. Our research strategy is based on a quantitative analysis of survey data at the company level. Our results show that a large share of SMEs invested in digital technologies as a response to the pandemic, but there are also important differences between basic and more advanced digital technologies and between manufacturing and service sector firms. SMEs’ previous knowledge and technological resources and capabilities, as well as their collaboration networks with providers are found to trigger adoption of digital technology. Implications for postpandemic policies are highlighted.

Leveraging technology in humanitarian supply chains: impacts on collaboration, agility and sustainable outcomes

Purpose This study aims to understand the role of technology adoption (TA) in improving the efficiency and environmental sustainability (ENS) of humanitarian supply chains through collaboration and supply chain agility. This study made an attempt to explore how technological resources can be used strategically to achieve operational efficiency and contribute to sustainable humanitarian logistics. Design/methodology/approach The data collected from 274 respondents involved in humanitarian logistics is analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis and the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. These respondents include logistics managers, coordinators as well as other relevant personnel from different non-governmental organizations, international aid agencies and relief operations. Findings The results of this study show that TA plays a critical role in improving both collaboration and supply chain agility in humanitarian operations. It is evidenced that both collaboration and agility significantly moderate the relationship between TA and supply chain outcomes, respectively, improving the effectiveness and ENS of aid delivery. In particular, technology-facilitated collaboration and agility cut down operational costs, reduce the response time and minimize the environmental impact. Originality/value This study extends the application of dynamic capabilities view in humanitarian operations and supply chain and elaborates on how technological capability improves humanitarian supply chain performance. This study also highlights the mediation role of agility and collaboration to achieve aid delivery efficiency and ENS.

EU Industrial Policy and Convergent Development in EU Peripheries: An Assessment of the ‘Important Project of Common European Interest’ (IPCEI) Template

AbstractIndustrial policy has been enjoying a significant comeback. In the European Union (EU), ‘important projects of common European interest’ (IPCEIs) have become a template for a new, value chain‐oriented EU industrial policy. But what does this mean for convergence between ‘peripheral’ and ‘core’ member states? Based on the understanding that convergent development requires opportunities for ‘learning in production’ to accumulate the technological capabilities that are necessary for economic upgrading within value chains, this article advances an in‐depth analysis of the implementation of this EU industrial policy template. It argues that IPCEIs have so far offered peripheral countries and their firms few opportunities for learning in production within value chains. In this light, there is a risk that IPCEIs might have limited or even detrimental effects on the prospects for convergence within the EU. The article concludes by considering how this template could be made more conducive to convergent development.

26Al/10Be burial dating and technological strategies of hominins at the Jijiazhuang Paleolithic site, Nihewan Basin, China: Implications for understanding Middle Pleistocene human adaptations in east Asia

With the discovery of more than a hundred Pleistocene Paleolithic sites, the Nihewan Basin of North China has become an area of reference for the study of human evolution and behavioral adaptations during and after the spread of hominins out of Africa and into Eurasia. However, most research has focused on the Early and Late Pleistocene archaeological record, whereas studies of the Middle Pleistocene sequence are relatively limited. Here we contribute to fill this gap by introducing the archaeological assemblage and 26Al/10Be burial dating of the newly discovered Jijiazhuang (JJZ) Paleolithic site. Systematic excavations in recent years have yielded well-preserved stone artifacts and mammalian fossils in fluvio-lacustrine sediments at the site. Cosmogenic 26Al/10Be burial dating indicates that hominins occupied the site between 0.49 ± 0.10 and 0.63 ± 0.11 Ma, corresponding to the extra-long interglacial period of MIS 15-13. The JJZ lithic assemblage shows evidence of relatively long-distance resource procurement, and the increased number of retouched tools indicate standardized, extensive and refined modification, even shaping strategies. The JJZ lithic technology shows advanced features that may shed light on the regional emergence of Middle Paleolithic technologies, in a paleoecological context where the extra-long duration of interglacial/mild stadial climate events (MIS 15−13) may have provided favorable conditions for increased technological capabilities among Middle Pleistocene hominins from the Nihewan Basin. Our study is the first to present a detailed techno-typological analysis of a Middle Pleistocene lithic assemblage in the Nihewan Basin and contributes to the characterization of technological adaptions in the high latitudes of East Asia.

Temperature swing solvent extraction for salt and glycerin separation from wastewater

A relatively novel temperature-swing solvent extraction (TSSE) technology was investigated for the separation of salt and glycerol from high-salt wastewater containing glycerol. Diisopropylamine (DIPA) was employed as the solvent for successfully treating ultrahigh-salinity wastewater. Experimental results indicated that the salt removal rate of TSSE technology reached up to 93.86% in saturated brine containing 10.00 wt% glycerol. After five cycles of solvent recovery, the salt removal rate remained at 84.55%. Additionally, when the glycerol mass fraction in saturated brine was 80.00 wt%, the water recovery rate of TSSE technology was 60.27%, with a salt removal rate of 92.88%. The study also analyzed the mechanism of TSSE, revealing that the difference in solubility between DIPA and NaCl in water is crucial for achieving TSSE. The unique capability of TSSE technology in treating high-salt wastewater containing organics was highlighted, achieving not only effective salt removal but also glycerol concentration. The findings of this research not only demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of TSSE technology in addressing high-salt wastewater containing glycerol but also forecast its promising outlook and immense potential for widespread adoption in various industrial wastewater treatment sectors.

Understanding the Factors Driving Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Gene-Edited Foods in China.

Gene editing contributes to enhancing food security through the creation of novel foods. However, public perception of gene-edited (GE) foods is crucial to their acceptance and adoption. This study expanded the knowledge-attitude-practice model and constructed an integrated framework comprising four dimensions: demographic factors, scientific literacy and beliefs, social trust, and perceptions of gene technology, aimed at explaining the public's attitudes toward GE foods. A questionnaire survey was conducted (N = 649), revealing a positive attitude toward GE foods, with over 80% expressing a certain willingness to pay (WTP) for them. Factors such as income level, subjective knowledge, scientific beliefs, trust in scientists, trust in government, and trust in national technological capabilities and perceived benefits positively correlated with WTP. Conversely, objective knowledge, perceived risks, and perceived ethical concerns were negatively correlated with WTP. The impact of objective knowledge on attitudes toward GE foods demonstrated a significant, nonlinear relationship. Additionally, it is noteworthy that the Chinese public currently exhibits relatively low trust in national technological capabilities, necessitating vigilance against the emergence of conspiracy theories akin to those surrounding genetically modified foods. This research contributes theoretical insights into the public communication of GE foods.