Data Analysis Techniques Research Articles

Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam Membentuk Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SD Talenta Al-Fatih Saimbang Sidoarjo

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze students' critical reasoning skills in the Natural Sciences lesson of Talenta Al-Fatih Sidoarjo elementary school. This research focuses on the use of problem-based learning models to improve students' critical thinking skills in the study of Natural Sciences. This study uses a qualitative method through a naturalistic approach. Data collection uses observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The results of the analysis found that the critical reasoning skills of SD Talenta Al-Fatih Sidoarjo students in science lessons can be known from the indicators of being able to formulate the main problem in a material, being able to answer questions in the main problem, being able to solve problems, and being able to make conclusions. The Problem-Based Learning Model (PBL) to improve students' critical reasoning skills at SD Talenta Al-Fatih Sidoarjo in Natural Sciences lessons is carried out with its activity program Supporting factors and hindering the application of the problem-based learning model to improve students' critical reasoning skills in learning Natural knowledge is a supporting factor including students, principals, and teachers and an ineffective learning process and limited time is an obstacle

Engaging every learner: Differentiated educational materials for renewable energy

The learning approach in the classroom is often centered on the role of the teacher, so the development of teaching materials based on differentiated learning is important to meet diverse learning needs. Therefore, this study aims to describe the validity and student responses to teaching materials based on differentiated learning on renewable energy materials. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. Data collection was done through observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis techniques include learning style analysis, feasibility and validity of teaching materials, and student responses to questionnaires. The subjects of this study were 35 students of class X-11 of State High School in Samarinda City and the object of research was teaching materials based on differentiated learning on renewable energy material. The results showed that the teaching materials were in the highly valid category, with a percentage score of 88% in the material aspect and 89% in the media aspect. The results of student responses showed a percentage score of 81%. Trials on a wider sample need to be carried out to ensure the effectiveness of this approach if students have the same circumstances, especially learning styles.

Leveraging environmental microbial indicators in wastewater for data-driven disease diagnostics

IntroductionWastewater-based surveillance (WBS) is an emerging tool for monitoring the spread of infectious diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2, in community settings. Environmental factors, including water quality parameters and seasonal variations, may influence the prevalence of viral particles in wastewater. This study aims to explore the relationships between these factors and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 across 28 monitoring sites, spanning different seasons and water strata.MethodsSamples were collected from 28 sites, accounting for seasonal and spatial (surface and intermediate water layers) variations. Key physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and minerals were measured, and viral presence was detected using RT-qPCR. After data preprocessing, correlation analyses identified 19 relevant environmental parameters. Unsupervised learning algorithms, including K-means and K-medoid clustering, were employed to categorize the data into four distinct clusters, revealing patterns of viral positivity and environmental conditions.ResultsCluster analysis indicated that seasonal variations and water quality characteristics significantly influenced SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates. The four clusters demonstrated distinct associations between environmental factors and viral prevalence, with certain clusters correlating with higher viral loads in specific seasons. The clustering patterns varied across sample sites, reflecting the diverse environmental conditions and their influence on viral detection.DiscussionThe findings underscore the critical role of environmental factors, such as water quality and seasonality, in shaping the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in wastewater. These insights provide a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between environmental contexts and disease spread. By utilizing WBS and advanced data analysis techniques, this study offers a robust framework for future research aimed at enhancing public health surveillance and interventions.

Teaching Module for Creating Songs with STAD Cooperative Learning Strategy in Music Art Learning at High School in Yogyakarta

This research aims to: (1) produce a teaching module for creating songs with a cooperative learning strategy of the STAD type as a teacher's guide in learning music at high schools in Yogyakarta and (2) determine the feasibility of teaching modules for creating simple songs with a cooperative learning strategy of the STAD type in learning music at high schools in Yogyakarta. This research is a type of research and development with the ADDIE development model developed by Dick and Carry. The subjects in this study consisted of expert validators, teachers and students. The trial design in this study consisted of two stages, namely: (1) the preliminary test stage addressed to expert validators and (2) the trial stage addressed to teachers and students. Data collection techniques used validity instruments, interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique consists of analyzing product feasibility data, analyzing teacher and learner response data. The results of this study are: (1) a simple songwriting teaching module product has been developed, this module is equipped with a Cooperative Learning learning strategy and a guide to the use of Adobe Audition video tutorials, (2) this module reviewed by two experts, learning experts with a final score of 78% with the category “Feasible” and material experts with a final score of 83% with the category “Very Feasible”.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KARYAWAN PROMOTOR BRAND REXI ACCESSORIS DI KOTA BENGKULU)

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, motivation and work discipline on the performance of Brand Rexi promoter employees in Bengkulu. Respondents of this study were employees of Brand Rexi promoters in Bengkulu totaling 36 employees. The sampling technique used in this study was accidental sampling. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of research on leadership style, motivation and work discipline simultaneously or together have a significant effect on the performance of employees of the Rexi Brand promoter in Bengkulu City with a probability value (sig) of 0.000 <0.05. As well as the leadership style variable with a probability value (sig) of 0.034 <0.050 has a significant effect on employee performance. Motivation with a probability value (sig) of 0.008 <0.05 has a significant effect on employee performance. And work discipline with a probability value (sig) of 0.000 <0.05 has a significant effect on employee performance.

The Effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) at PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk. for the Years 2011-2020

This study aims to determine: 1.) Effect of Return On Assets (ROA) Current Ratio (CR) and Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) on Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) at PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk. 2011-2020 Partially or Simultaneously, 2.) What is the Effect of Return On Assets (ROA) Current Ratio (CR) and Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) at PT Akasha Wira Internasional 2011-2020. In this study, researchers used quantitative research methods.The type of data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques thatused in this study using library research. With data analysis technique that uses multiple linear regression analysis and testhypothesis by using SPSS Version 26 . Based on the results of the study, it shows that: ROA has a significant effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) at PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk in 2011-2020, CR has an effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) in PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk in 2011- 2020. However, DER Does not affect the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) at the company PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk. Simultaneously there is a significant effect on ROA, CR, and DER at the DPR PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk 2011-2020. The regression equation obtained is: Y=-0,328+0.868X1+0.321X2-1,056X3. The effect of ROA, CR and DER on DPR at PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk 2011-2020 is only 21% while the remaining 79% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

Islamic Boarding School Education Cultivates Moderate Character in Poso Central Sulawesi

This study is oriented to describe and interpret the phenomenon of plural life in Islamic boarding schools and their environments. This study is based on empirical data obtained through the concept and internalization of religious moderation values ​​in three locations directly related to the Poso conflict, namely Walisongo 1 Poso Islamic Boarding School, Amanah Putera Islamic Boarding School, and Gontor Poso Islamic Boarding School. This study uses a qualitative approach and phenomenological types and case studies. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are interpretative phenomenological analysis and multisite analysis because there is more than one locus. The validity of the data uses triangulation techniques of source data, theory, and methods. The study results indicate that the values ​​of religious moderation applied are conceptualized through the curriculum's vision, mission, and role in Islamic boarding schools. Moderate character education of students through internalization techniques can be reviewed in three dimensions; a) the process of developing, renewing and adjusting paradigms by the times, implementing moderate curriculum and learning; b) the process of integrating the values ​​of moderation with a set of subjects in Islamic boarding schools; c) a more profound process using verbal communication in embodying the values ​​of moderation in daily behavior in Islamic boarding schools and social environments. This research is only in the corridor of the Islamic boarding school environment, where all educational processes are coordinated directly by the head of the boarding school, so further study is needed in different models and environments. The results of this study emphasize the importance of education in instilling and helping to foster moderate character in students.

Outcome of surgical site infection following inguinal hernia closure

Objective: This study's goal is to look into how inguinal hernia surgery patients respond to surgical site infections (SSIs). The purpose of the study is to examine the association between the prevalence of SSIs and demographic factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), habitation type (urban/rural), presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, degree of education, length of hospital stay, and length of surgery. Methods: Patients who underwent inguinal hernia closure surgeries were included in this retrospective analysis, which was carried out in a medical facility. A patient's demographics, BMI, type of habitation, diabetes and hypertension status, education level, length of hospital stay, length of operation, and presence or absence of surgical site infections were all collected from their medical records. To evaluate the patient population's characteristics and the prevalence of SSIs, data analytic techniques included frequency distribution and percentage calculation. In order to identify correlations between factors and the occurrence of SSI, statistical tests were run. Results: The study involved all of the patients. The age distribution displayed 35.1% in the 20–30 age, 21.1% in the 40–50 age, and 43.9 % in the 40–50 age. BMI categories were revealed with BMIs of 20–23, 23–25, and 25–28. Participants who lived in cities made up 22(29.7%) of the group, whereas participants who lived in rural areas made up 35.1 %. Diabetes mellitus was more common than hypertension 23 (20.2%) vs. 17(14.9%). The distribution of education levels was as follows: 17(14.9 %) with no education, 46 (40.4%) with SSC-level education and 51(44.7%) with HSSC or higher education. Hospital stays lasting 1-3 days in 55 (48.2%) of cases and 3-6 days in 59 (51.8%) of cases, respectively. There were two categories for operation length: 1-3 months 59(51.8%) and 3-6 months 55 (48.2%). 22 (19.3%) of cases had surgical site infections, while 92 (80.7%) of cases had no infections at all. Conclusion: The results of surgical site infections after inguinal hernia closure are clarified by this investigation. The frequency of SSIs highlights the significance of strict infection control procedures. Further investigation is required to determine the association between demographic factors and the prevalence of SSI. These findings have implications for post-operative care plans and surgical protocols that aim to reduce the risk of SSIs and improve patient outcomes. To fully comprehend the multifactorial nature of SSIs in inguinal hernia closure surgeries, additional study is required.

Influence of Price and Promotion on Customer Interest in Using Pawn Products at PT. Pegadaian UPC Kabar Kabupaten Lombok Timur

This research aims to determine the effect of price and promotions on customer interest in using pawn products at PT. Pegadaian UPC Kabar in East Lombok District. There is a fact that the number of customers using pawn products is decreasing. This research uses quantitative research methods with data collection techniques using observation and questionnaires. The number of samples used in this research was 96 respondents from customers PT. Pegadaian UPC Kabar. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data obtained was processed using SPSS 26 with data analysis techniques used, namely validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear analysis test, t test (partial), f test (simultaneous) and coefficient of determination test. The results of the research conducted show that price have no partial effect on customers' interest in using pawn products and promotions have a partial effect on customers' interest in using pawn products. Simultaneously, price and promotions influence customer interest in using pawn products at PT. Pegadaian UPC Kabar in East Lombok Regency with an influence level of 15.5% and 84.5% is influenced by factors other than price and promotions as seen from the R-Square test results.

Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Kualitas Pelayanan dan Harga terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen pada Toko Farhan Cake’s & Bakery Masamba

The very tight competition requires entrepreneurs to determine the proper steps to take to compete, namely in fulfilling consumer needs that always vary. The increasingly dynamic market requires business actors to continuously improvise and innovate to get, maintain, and increase their consumers. This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality, service quality, and price on consumer satisfaction. The research location was at Farhan Cake's & Bakery Masamba Shop. The number of samples was 80 consumers of Cakes & Bakery Masamba. Then, purposive sampling was used. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. At the same time, the data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that simultaneously, product quality, service quality, and price had a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Partially, product quality did not affect consumer satisfaction; price did not affect consumer satisfaction. In contrast, service quality significantly affected consumer satisfaction at Farhan Cake's & Bakery Masamba Shop.

Pengaruh Rasio Profitabilitas dan Economic Value Added terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan Sektor Properti & Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2019-2021

This research aims to determine and analyze the effect of Profitability Ratios and Economic Value Added on Stock Returns in Property & Real Estate Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 Period. The variables used in this research, the independent variable (X) consists of the Profitability Ratio which is calculated using Return On Equity (ROE) and Economic Value Added (EVA), as well as the dependent variable (Y) namely Stock Return which is calculated using Capital Gain (Loss) . The sample in this study was obtained using the side purposive method. Based on the specified criteria and data processing process, 14 companies were determined as research samples. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this research state that Economic value added (EVA) does not have a significant effect on Stock Returns as measured by Capital Gain (Loss). The Profitability Ratio as measured by Return On Equity (ROE) has a positive and significant effect on Stock Returns as measured by Capital Gain (Loss).

Net Foreign Assets, Net Domestic Assets, and Their Implications for The Money Supply in Indonesia

Finding net foreign and net domestic assets as well as their effects on Indonesia's money supply from 2018 to 2023 is the aim of this study. This study discusses the money supply, net domestic assets, and net foreign assets. Theories pertaining to these domains are the method used in this regard. This study was carried out in Indonesia. Quantitative research is what this kind of study is. The study employed secondary data from the Bank Indonesia website in the form of time series publications of the money supply, net foreign assets, and net domestic assets from January 2018 to December 2023. The research method used in this study is the explanatory method. The data analysis techniques in this study are descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study, both partially and simultaneously, indicate that there is an influence of net foreign assets and net domestic assets on money in circulation in Indonesia for the period 2018-2023.

Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa SDIT AT-Tibtan Melalui Program <i>Library Visit</i>

Reading interest is one of the key factors in developing students' literacy skills from an early age. This article discusses the importance of the library visit programme in increasing elementary school students' interest in reading. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research, with a fenamology approach. In addition, the data analysis technique used is data triangulation. This article identifies the introduction of the library visit programme, its implementation, efforts to improve students' reading skills, and students' activities during library visits. The creative activities conducted during the library visit proved to be able to increase learners' engagement and motivate them to read more. In addition, learners get a new atmosphere. The results showed that the library visit programme had a positive impact on increasing students' interest in reading and literacy skills. Collaboration between schools, libraries, teachers and parents was seen as a key factor in the success of the programme. With the right support, the library visit programme can be an effective tool in promoting literacy education among primary school students. The library visit programme has great potential to increase elementary students' interest in reading and contribute to improving the quality of education in Indonesia.

AI and Digital Twins in Healthcare: Revolutionizing Remote Patient Monitoring and Precision Medicine

Pairing artificial intelligence (AI) with digital twin technology is transforming healthcare by providing real time remote patient monitoring and pushing precision medicine forward. In this study we explore the potential of AI driven digital twins to improve patient outcomes, reduce costs and increase efficiency in healthcare. To accomplish this, the research focuses on developing AI algorithms to monitor and predict patient health remotely, which tackles those major challenges to be able to intervene in time and provide individualized care. The paper accounts for current knowledge of AI using a data driven approach by reviewing existing literature and recent developments and through case studies of practical applications of AI in patient management. Data analysis techniques were then methodologically combined with ethical considerations of using patient data in order to obtain accurate and private patient data. This key finding shows that with the combination of predictive AI algorithms and digital twins of the patient, diagnostic power can be improved and treatments personalised – to the benefit of the patient. This research is novel for its outlook on how AI can contribute to the building of such responsive, real time digital twins for healthcare. Based on the study’s implications, the adoption of digital twin technology together with AI holds promise to redesign the future of healthcare where diagnostic accuracy is enhanced and healthcare facilities are rendered a lighter burden. These insights are vital for doctors, policy makers and researchers working towards a leading role for AI in patient centric care models.

Pelatihan Penyusunan Soal HOTS Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar bagi Guru MTs. Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor

This service aims to increase the understanding and competence of MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang teachers in preparing HOTS questions based on the independent learning curriculum. The method for implementing this service used participatory training, with the stages of giving a pretest on the HOTS concept, training material and practice in preparing HOTS questions, giving a posttest, and giving an evaluation sheet for the implementation of the training. The data analysis technique employed descriptive statistical techniques using a percentage and graphic approach in presenting the data. This service partner was a teacher at MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor. The results of this service showed that MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor teachers had a good conceptual understanding of HOTS questions and increased skills in preparing HOTS questions based on the Merdeka curriculum, so that they could be practiced in every learning evaluation in class.

Penyuluhan Hukum Tentang Politik Uang Bagi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Pemilih Cerdas

This service activity aims to increase legal knowledge about money politics for high school students as an effort to create intelligent voters. This activity was carried out at SMA Negeri 2 South Konawe and Madrasah Aliyah DDI Nurul Qalbi Ranomeeto. The method of implementing this community service used interactive counseling with evaluation instruments, namely pre-test and post-test. Furthermore, the data analysis technique for this community service was analyzed descriptively. The results of this community service showed that there was an increase in students' understanding of the criminal law aspect of money politics practices. Through insight into criminal regulations on money politics practices, it could guide students in acting in society in accordance with legal provisions so that it has implications for the realization of smart voters.

Moderate of Professional Skepticism: Moral Reasoning, Independence, and Auditor Competence on Audit Quality

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the influence of moral reasoning, independence and auditor competence on audit quality with professional skepticism as a moderation. In this study, the population used is all Public Accounting Firms in Bali, totaling 17 spread across the Bali region. The sample is part of the number and characteristics of the population. The sample of this study was 27 auditors. The data analysis technique in the study used quantitative methods. The results of the study indicate that auditor moral reasoning does not have a significant influence on audit quality. Although moral reasoning is considered important in maintaining auditor ethics and integrity, in the context of this study, it has not been proven to significantly improve audit quality. Independence, which in theory is an important pillar in the implementation of an audit, also does not show a significant influence on audit quality. This shows that auditor independence alone is not enough to guarantee better audit quality in the context of this study. Auditor competence has been shown to have a significant and positive influence on audit quality. Auditors who have high knowledge and skills can produce better quality audits, emphasizing the importance of developing competence as a key factor in audit practice. The conclusion of this study is that professional skepticism moderates the influence of moral reasoning and competence on audit quality, while professional skepticism cannot moderate the effect of independence on audit quality.

The Criticism of Human Rights Violations in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the concept of human rights violations in Indonesia by identifying human rights violation provisions in Indonesia and human rights violations in Indonesia based on the Philosophy of Ethics. This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of library research. The data analysis technique uses the flow charts model. The theoretical analysis technique uses the Summa Theologiae by Thomas Aquinas and the Ethica by Baruch de Spinoza. The 1998 tragedy is included in the gross human rights violations in Indonesia. Especially Summa Theologiae and Ethica, the statement of the state administrator, in this case, is that the MENKO-POLHUKAM is far from the existence of moral values and ethical virtues. This is based on the absence of moral values that should lead to action as a decision-making agenda through ethics and intellectual traditions. In this regard, the MENKO-POLHUKAM cannot construct a rational nature in the context of basic choices being dominated by “lust” through “affectus”. So, it tends to lead to the “libertum atribium” being free. Ethically, the MENKO-POLHUKAM, as a state administrator, is required to do good deeds and be able to respect victims of human rights violations.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KORBAN CYBERCRIME PENYEBARAN DATA PRIBADI SECARA ONLINE

The current development of information technology has certainly had a huge influence on social life in Indonesia. With such rapid progress in the field of technology and information, it is like a double-edged sword because apart from having a positive impact, it can also have a negative impact, one of which is the emergence of cybercrime online dissemination of personal data. The research method used is a normative juridical research method, while technical data analysis uses a statutory approach and a case approach, as well as using legal protection theory and punishment theory. The problem formulation taken is how to regulate cybercrime victims disseminating personal data online in Indonesia and what legal protection there is for cybercrime victims disseminating personal data online in Indonesia. The research results showed that legal protection for cybercrime victims of online dissemination of personal data in Indonesia has been regulated based on Law no. 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), whose criminal sanctions prioritize punishment for the perpetrator only to provide a deterrent effect, and have not provided a direct impact or benefit for the victim. And in order to provide human rights protection for cybercrime victims of online distribution of personal data in Indonesia, apart from being subject to imprisonment and/or fines, perpetrators may also be subject to additional penalties in the form of confiscation of profits and/or assets obtained or proceeds from criminal acts. , and payment of compensation for victims, such as additional criminal sanctions for confiscation of profits and/or assets obtained or proceeds from criminal acts and payment of compensation for victims. Thus, to realize the Integrated Criminal Justice System, law enforcers not only impose prison sanctions and/or fines on perpetrators, but can also impose additional criminal sanctions which can have a direct impact or benefit for victims. And the House of Representatives and the President need to revise the ITE Law, especially by adding additional criminal provisions in the form of confiscation of profits and/or assets obtained or proceeds from criminal acts and payment of compensation. So that this law can really provide better legal protection and can also be felt directly by victims of cybercrime spreading personal data online in Indonesia

Laboratory Assessment of Manual Wheelchair Propulsion

Self-propelled manual wheelchairs offer several advantages over electric wheelchairs, including promoting physical activity and requiring less maintenance due to their simple design. While theoretical analyses provide valuable insights, laboratory testing remains the most reliable method for evaluating and improving the efficiency of manual wheelchair drives. This article reviews and analyzes the laboratory methods for assessing the efficiency of wheelchair propulsion documented in the scientific literature: (1) A wheelchair dynamometer that replicates real-world driving scenarios, quantifies the wheelchair’s motion characteristics, and evaluates the physical exertion required for propulsion. (2) Simultaneous measurements of body position, motion, and upper limb EMG data to analyze biomechanics. (3) A method for determining the wheelchair’s trajectory based on data from the dynamometer. (4) Measurements of the dynamic center of mass (COM) of the human–wheelchair system to assess stability and efficiency; and (5) data analysis techniques for parameterizing large datasets and determining the COM. The key takeaways include the following: (1) manual wheelchairs offer benefits over electric ones but require customization to suit individual user biomechanics; (2) the necessity of laboratory-based ergometer testing for optimizing propulsion efficiency and safety; (3) the feasibility of replicating real-world driving scenarios in laboratory settings; and (4) the importance of efficient data analysis techniques for interpreting biomechanical studies.