Technical Trends Research Articles

Preface

2023 International Conference on Frontiers of Ocean Science and Technology (ICFOST), sponsored by the College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, was held successfully in Jiusuo Hotel Changsha from October 13 to 15, 2023.The Organizing Committees have invited experts in Marine science, Marine technology, Marine engineering, Marine resource exploration and application, Marine equipment R&D and manufacturing, etc. for academic exchanges. The Conference includes discussions on topics such as ocean circulation, air-sea interaction and ocean climate, ocean mesoscale and small-scale processes, ocean remote sensing and data analysis, ocean prediction, ocean environmental safety and support, ocean exploration technology, artificial intelligence oceanography, underwater acoustics, underwater acoustics signal processing, and oceanography teaching skills with a view to promoting the common development of industries, universities and research institutes in the field of ocean science and technologies.This year, ICFOST 2023 will consist of 10 oral sessions, 4 keynote talks from Prof. Juncheng Wang (National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ocean Monitoring Equipment, China), Prof. Wenju Cai (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia), Prof. Fangli Qiao (First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China), Prof. Lianglong Da (Naval Submarine Academy, China), as well as 45 invited talks given by distinguished scholars and researchers from the related academic field. It will be a golden opportunity for the students, researchers and engineers to interact among themselves to get better views on technical development and trends for the near future.On behalf of the organizing committees, we’d like to express our sincere gratitude to everyone who has contributed to ICFOST 2023 as its success could have only been achieved through a team effort. Our special thanks go to all the conference speakers for their insightful reviews on many emerging research topics. We would like to thank the program chairs and the session chairs, for their support to the conference; as well as all the technical committee members and reviewers for their excellent work in promoting the conference and reviewing the papers. Finally, we are grateful to all the authors and presenters of the papers as well as all the attendees for their contributions to this wonderful conference.Warmest regards,ICFOST 2023 Organizing CommitteesList of Conference Committees are available in this Pdf.

Современный взгляд на вопросы эпидемиологии и манифестации сахарного диабета 1 типа в педиатрии

Aim. To present up-to-date information on the epidemiology and manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) in children and adolescents. The review is based on relevant publications obtained by selective literature search in PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU. Key points. The incidence of DM1, despite the development of technical and information trends in methods of diagnosis, treatment and self-control, is steadily increasing in childhood and adolescence. DM1 is one of the most common chronic diseases of the endocrine system in childhood. As of 01.01.2023, the total number of patients with diabetes mellitus in Russia registered at the dispensary, according to the Federal Register of Diabetes Mellitus, amounted to 4,962,762 people (3.31% of the population), of whom: with DM1 — 277.1 thousand (5.58%) people, children and adolescents — 48,031 people. The disease significantly reduces the quality of life of the child and his family, threatens the development of microvascular complications and early disability of patients and is a medical and social problem of our time. Conclusion. The study of the issues and patterns of epidemiology and manifestation, the formation of the epidemiological situation in relation to DM1, including the study of environmental, social and biological factors, allows us to determine the dynamics of the disease and evaluate existing programs for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus, children, adolescents, epidemiology, morbidity, manifestation, triggers.

Technical Innovation and Trend Analysis in Basketball Training

Technical Innovation and Trend Analysis in Basketball Training

State-of-the-art and technical trends of intelligent flying cars

State-of-the-art and technical trends of intelligent flying cars

Hydrodynamic studies of well No 32 the southern section of the Chinarev field of the West Kazakhstan Region

The article analyzes the factors influencing the development of high-quality and cost-effective oil and gas reserves in the region (assessment, design). In order to operate wells, directions for calculating the size of reserves have been found. Scientific and technical trends of its (wells) development are considered. A comprehensive analysis of integrated surveys was carried out at well No.32 of the Chinarevsk oil and gas condensate field, located in the southern section of the district. Hydrodynamic studies were carried out by interpreting the pressure recovery curve (PRC) to determine reservoir pressure, porosity and reservoir properties of the reservoir and the state of the bottom whole zone. These studies confirmed the low porosity properties of the reservoir: permeability - 0.004 μm2, conductivity - 0.056 μm2*m, hydraulic conductivity - 0.055 μm2*m/mPa*s. The skin factor varied in the range from -0.92 to 18.4, which indicates deterioration in the state of the bottom hole formation zone.

A comprehensive review of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and their derivatives in environmental pollution control.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained considerable attention due to their design possibilities as the molecular organic building blocks that can stack in an atomically precise spatial arrangement. Since the inception of COFs in 2005, there has been a continuous expansion in the product range of COFs and their derivatives. This expansion has led to the evolution of three-dimensional structures and various synthetic routes, propelling the field towards large-scale preparation of COFs and their derivatives. This review will offer a holistic analysis and comparison of the spatial structure and synthesis techniques of COFs and their derivatives. The conventional methods of COF synthesis (i.e., ultrasonic chemical, microwave, and solvothermal) are discussed alongside the synthesis strategies of new COFs and their derivatives. Furthermore, the applications of COFs and their derived materials are demonstrated in air, water, and soil pollution management such as gas capture, catalytic conversion, adsorption, and pollutant removal. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges and prospects for large-scale preparation and application of new COFs and the derived materials. In line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the needs of digital-enabled technologies (AI and machine learning), this review will encompass the future technical trends for COFs in environmental pollution control.

Advancement of Digital Transformation to Boost Financial Services Industry

In the financial sector, digital transformation refers to the process of leveraging technology to develop new services, optimise consumer experiences, and improve financial business operations. This can entail a variety of steps, such as developing mobile banking apps, integrating artificial intelligence into customer support, or utilising blockchain technology to enable safe and effective transactions. The financial services industry has a profitable chance to modernise traditional work practises, upskill, innovate, and begin embracing digitalization through the effective use of technology. This research study is to determine presence of digital transformation in financial services. It is secondary research study which also focussed on futuristic technical trends for digitalisation in financial industry.

From Mathematical Theory of Communication to Network Society: a Sociological Transformation

An increasing pace of innovation in telecommunications, information technology has facilitated our society’s transition into what is called the “Information Age”. This work is intended to offer a means of understanding current directions in digital innovation. In 1948, the general theory for electronic communications (Shannon 1948), contributed to a substantial reorganization of our society; some fifty years later, Castells attempts to grasp the relationships between emerging technical, economic, political and cultural trends and helps us understand the processes of change triggered by the convergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs). In this work, starting from the interdisciplinary literature, the main theoretical and practical contributions leading to technological convergence are investigated in order to open a window on the contemporary landscape in semantic web, algorithmic reasoning and social intelligence (Esposito 2022). The resulting framework, although due to the dynamism of the phenomena under consideration, is not meant to be an exhaustive analysis of the relationship between digital tools and society, it rigorously summarizes many of the major technical and social issues open today and, in view of the future expansion of the ICT ecosystem, underscores the urgent need for conscious citizen participation in the information society.

High-Definition SPAD Image Sensors: Technical Trends and Applications

High-Definition SPAD Image Sensors: Technical Trends and Applications

Recent Technical Trend on the High Voltage Circuit Breakers Required in DC and AC Systems

Recent Technical Trend on the High Voltage Circuit Breakers Required in DC and AC Systems

Application of Efficient Algorithm in Dynamic Simulation of Viscoelastic Fluid in 3D Animation

With the rapid development of computer technology, 3D animation has become a hot and concerned field. Whether it is movies, TV, games or other digital media, 3D animation is playing an increasingly important role. In the process of 3D animation, computers need to deal with a lot of data and complex calculations, so efficient algorithms are of great significance to improve the efficiency of animation production and the quality of simulation. Efficient algorithm plays a vital role in 3D animation, which can improve the computational efficiency, reduce the computational time and save computational resources, and at the same time improve the accuracy and realism of simulation. In this paper, the application of an efficient algorithm-finite element method in the dynamic simulation of viscoelastic fluid is introduced in detail. At the same time, the article also discusses the future technical trends and development direction, which provides ideas and references for further research.

Research analysis of blockchain IOT domain according to knowledge graph

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and organize the research in the field of Blockchain Internet of Things (BIoT) using knowledge mapping technology, in order to get a more comprehensive understanding of the research status and development trend in this field. By organizing and statistically analyzing the relevant literature in the field of blockchain IoT, information on keywords, topics, and hot issues of research in this field is obtained and presented in a visual way. At the same time, this paper also provides an in-depth analysis of the research in the field of blockchain IoT, including technical applications, development trends and other aspects. The research results show that the research in the field of blockchain IoT shows a rapid development trend and has received wide attention from academia and industry sectors. In terms of technical applications, the combination of blockchain technology and IoT technology has brought new ideas and technical means for the development of BIoT field. Meanwhile, with the application of knowledge graph technology, the research in the BIoT field has gradually developed in a more refined and in-depth direction. This study has certain reference value and practical significance for the research in the field of blockchain IoT, and can provide more scientific and accurate guidance for the development and application of this field.

Technical Trends in ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1

Technical Trends in ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1

A Voice Disease Detection Method Based on MFCCs and Shallow CNN

The incidence rate of voice diseases is increasing year by year. The use of software for remote diagnosis is a technical development trend and has important practical value. Among voice diseases, common diseases that cause hoarseness include spasmodic dysphonia, vocal cord paralysis, vocal nodule, and vocal cord polyp. This paper presents a voice disease detection method that can be applied in a wide range of clinical. We cooperated with Xiangya Hospital of Central South University to collect voice samples from 352 different patients. The Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) parameters are extracted as input features to describe the voice in the form of data. An innovative model combining MFCC parameters and single convolution layer CNN is proposed for fast calculation and classification. The highest accuracy we achieved was 92%, it is fully ahead of the original research results and internationally advanced. And we use advanced voice function assessment databases (AVFAD) to evaluate the generalization ability of the method we proposed, which achieved an accuracy rate of 98%. Experiments on clinical and standard datasets show that for the pathological detection of voice diseases, our method has greatly improved in accuracy and computational efficiency.

A survey on semantic processing techniques

Semantic processing is a fundamental research domain in computational linguistics. In the era of powerful pre-trained language models and large language models, the advancement of research in this domain appears to be decelerating. However, the study of semantics is multi-dimensional in linguistics. The research depth and breadth of computational semantic processing can be largely improved with new technologies. In this survey, we analyzed five semantic processing tasks, e.g., word sense disambiguation, anaphora resolution, named entity recognition, concept extraction, and subjectivity detection. We study relevant theoretical research in these fields, advanced methods, and downstream applications. We connect the surveyed tasks with downstream applications because this may inspire future scholars to fuse these low-level semantic processing tasks with high-level natural language processing tasks. The review of theoretical research may also inspire new tasks and technologies in the semantic processing domain. Finally, we compare the different semantic processing techniques and summarize their technical trends, application trends, and future directions.

Q-learning-based hyper-heuristic evolutionary algorithm for the distributed assembly blocking flowshop scheduling problem

Distributed shop scheduling problems (DSSPs) have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the technical trends of smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. The distributed assembly blocking flowshop scheduling problem (DABFSP) is a critical class of DSSPs with widespread applications in modern supply chains and manufacturing systems. In this paper, a Q-learning-based hyper-heuristic evolutionary algorithm (QLHHEA) is proposed to solve DABFSP with the objective of minimizing the makespan. Firstly, a mathematical model of DABFSP is formulated, and two insertion-based speedup strategies are devised to conserve the computational cost of evaluating solutions and to accelerate the search efficiency. Secondly, a problem-specific constructive heuristic is developed to produce high-quality initial solutions. Thirdly, twelve efficient heuristics are designed to construct low-level heuristics (LLHs). The Q-learning-based evolutionary algorithm is applied as a high-level strategy to manipulate the LLHs, which are then executed in order to search the solution space. Moreover, suitable solution encoding and decoding schemes are provided to produce feasible scheduling schedules. The design of experiments is implemented to investigate the impact of the parameters. Finally, a comprehensive comparison campaign is carried out based on a total of 1710 well-known instances to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm against several state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results and statistical analysis show that QLHHEA significantly outperforms the existing algorithms by a significant margin, demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of QLHHEA in solving DABFSP.

Emerging technical trends in the powder coating industry

Emerging technical trends in the powder coating industry

Setting baselines of the embodied, operational and whole life carbon emissions of the average Spanish residential building

The construction sector, responsible for 37 % of global greenhouse gas emissions and 36 % of global energy consumption, is transitioning towards a low-carbon and low-energy model. Measuring and optimising Operational Energy and related emissions in the use phase of buildings has entered both markets and regulations. However, the Embodied Energy within construction materials and respective maintenance and end-of-life processes is still in the research phase. Moreover, Global Warming Potential baselines per built square metre need to be defined in the construction sector, integrating operational and embodied impacts. This research has the main goal of identifying for the first time the Whole Life Carbon (WLC) emissions of the average Spanish residential buildings of the period 1981–2010, broken down into Embodied Carbon (EC) and Operational Carbon (OC). For this purpose, first, a regular average and homogenised average of existing European baselines was performed; next, the average Spanish residential building has been defined and modelled with a real sample from year 2013, and its emissions calculated as Scenario 0; and finally, five new scenarios have been compared in order to understand variations in WLC and their EC and OC contributions. This research shows for the average multifamily building apartment in Spain, with a mean net floor area of 73.1 m2, a WLC baseline of 1944 kg CO2-eq·m−2, 30.8 % (559 kg CO2-eq·m−2) being EC, and the remaining 69.2 % OC. In Scenarios 1 to 3, the following are identified: a WLC reduction of 26.0 % (9.2 % EC) by using wood window frames, 0.8 % (2.7 % EC) by laying a wood inner floor, and 16.1 % (1.0 % EC) by insulating walls with recycled cork. All three items are calculated together in Scenario 4, giving a 36.9 % WLC reduction (9.5 % EC). Finally, Scenario 5 was modelled upon Scenario 4 materials, complying with the upcoming European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive as if built in 2021, reaching a potential WLC reduction of 63.4 % (2.8 % EC) from the original Scenario 0. These figures support technical and policy trends towards minimising the impacts of buildings. Focusing on decarbonisation, targets of over 60 % appear feasible with existing market solutions. Reductions of >80 % are also derived from other impact categories, such as Ionizing Radiation, Marine Eutrophication, and Water Consumption, while Freshwater Ecotoxicity increases by 15 %. The 18 ReCiPe Midpoint indicators plus Energy Footprint, are reduced by an average of 50.4 %.

Selfitis: An Analysis on Prevalence and Attitude among College Students

Abstract Introduction: Our daily lives now mostly revolve around our smartphones. Due to the widespread use of mobile phones, selfies have become the newest technical trend among young people. The most common practice of taking selfies in dangerous situations is proving to be a fatal one. The majority of these fatalities and injuries are from falls from great heights and posing with dangerous objects. Objective of the Study: The objective of this study was to assess the attitude and prevalence of selfitis among college students. Methodology: Descriptive design was used in this study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 400 college students from a technical college of Ernakulam district, Kerala, within the age group of 16–24 years. The data were collected using two semi-structured questionnaires and Solanki Selfie Addiction Scale, a standardized tool for the assessment of selfie addiction. Results: It was found that 86% (344) were males and 14% (56) were females. Eighty-five percentage (340) of the study subjects had smartphone and only a few, 60 (15%) were not using it. About 59.5% (238) of them used all the enlisted social media. The prevalence of selfie addiction shows majority, 260 (65%) had mild selfie addiction, 76 (19%) had no selfie addiction but few had moderate 64 (16%) selfie addiction, and there was no severe selfie addiction. Result of attitude shows that 82% (328) have a neutral attitude, 16% (64) shows a positive attitude, and 2% (8) shows a negative attitude toward selfie. Conclusion: The result highlights the importance of providing education regarding the healthy use of social media.

Utilization of Bioactive Silk Protein in the Development of Optical Devices: Recent Advancements and Applications.

Typically, materials used to create optical devices have chemical and physical properties that have been precisely designed for a narrowly defined purpose, allowing for changes in design to account for device variability. There is a growing need for devices built of materials with changeable optical responses, as optical systems are incorporated into platforms with much functionality. Regenerated silk fibroin is described in this article as an enabling gadget with an active optical response as a result of the inherent characteristics of proteins. Silk's capacity for controlled movement, to swell and shrink reversibly, alter conformation and degradation that is customizable, impacts both the shape and the response of the optical structure-representative silk-based gadgets. The diversity of silk material is shown and discussed in this paper, concentrating on architectures that show reconfigurable behavior, an optical waveguide that is physically temporary and provides reversible responses. Finally, innovative research directions for silk-based materials and optical devices are presented in this paper. Since ancient times, silk, a natural biopolymer, has been used as a repair material in medicine. In the past 20 years, it has attracted a lot of interest to be used in several biomedical applications. Various healthcare items with silk as their substrate have been developed thanks to significant advancements in silk biomaterial research. Silk is a fabric created from spider and silkworm cocoons. Hierarchical structures and conventional structural elements are present in them. Different silk types can be produced using certain methods, such as films, fibers, microspheres, sponges, and hydrogels. The structural characteristics of secondary proteins present in silk can also be modified. This paper investigates the use of silk in biomedical and optical applications, and examines the technical trend in electronic fields.