Technical Tasks Research Articles

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving technical and managerial cybersecurity tasks’ efficiency

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving technical and managerial cybersecurity tasks’ efficiency

The characteristics of medical technical task working out as a factor of successful implementation of project of public-private partnership in health care

The application of mathematical modeling approaches based on factual demand of the population of territories in setting of medical and technical tasks makes it possible to significantly optimize costs of construction and equipping primary health care objects. This is confirmed by both corresponding calculations and results of analysis. This operation is oriented both on structural divisions of regional executive authorities responsible for setting of medical and technical tasks, and on investment companies implementing projects in health care.

DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AT VEHICLE REPAIR ENTERPRISES

In recent years, the strategy of creating a safely functioning and efficient transport complex of Ukraine integrated into the world transport network has been fixed. Therefore, the creation of a progressive system of product quality management in the conditions of car repair enterprises is considered an urgent scientific and technical task. The quality management system is a management subsystem of an industrial enterprise. Modern production systems are based on TQM principles and widely use ISO 9001 certification. At the same time, certification is based on independent third-party audits (a conformity assessment organization). The wide spread of the standard is based on the fact that it contains generalized requirements (principles) for the organization of product quality control, which can be used at enterprises that differ significantly both in terms of specialization and the scale of production (depots or car repair plants). But this is the «bottleneck» of the standard – the lack of consideration of specialized production conditions makes it impossible to compensate for critical factors affecting the final quality of products. Currently, the accepted approaches to quality assessment do not fully take into account the factors that affect the final quality of products. In order to put all market participants - railway operators, manufacturers, rolling stock repairers and suppliers in mutually beneficial conditions, a single International Railway Industry Standard ISO / TS 22163 International Railway Industry Standart (IRIS) was developed.For the effective use of tools for ensuring the quality of rail car repair, it is considered necessary to use modern management decision support systems. They will allow real-time monitoring of production processes. It is possible to use the method of fuzzy sets to improve the quality management systems of wagon repairs based on the development of separate control algorithms with decision tables. In order to meet the requirements of international quality standards, it is necessary to significantly modernize management approaches based on the creation of progressive decision support systems.

Stress-strain state of building structures taking into account possible local failure of the element

The issue of choosing a structural design and material for supporting structures is an important technical and economic task at the stage of developing a design solution. It depends on a number of factors: consequence class of the structure, reliability of the design solution, savings in basic building materials. The publication provides a classification of design schemes and types of load-bearing structures used in the corresponding solutions. The disadvantages and advantages of using prefabricated and monolithic structures for the installation and subsequent operation of the structural scheme of buildings and structures are considered. Modern design requirements include ensuring the ability of a damaged structure to adapt to new conditions while continuing to function while ensuring the integrity of human life, property and equipment. New conditions mean the consequences of the occurrence of a certain emergency situation, accompanied by weakening or overloading of the load-bearing structures of a structure or soil foundation: a change in the structural design, a combination of new existing loads and a redistribution of internal forces. The publication reflects the results of assessing the redistribution of the stress-strain state of the elements of the “base - foundations - load-bearing structures” system as a result of the implementation of a hypothetical emergency situation with the exclusion of the load-bearing structure from operation. The case of the collapse of one of the vertical load-bearing elements (local failure of the pylon) of an underground floor, which can be used as a dual-use structure, is considered. Calculations for the stability of the structure against progressive collapse were carried out by numerical modeling in the LIRA SAPR-2019 software using a quasi-static calculation and the method of direct integration of dynamics over time. It has been demonstrated that the method of numerical modeling the joint work of a building with a soil base affects the results of a calculation of the progressive collapse of the building frame. The influence of local collapse of a vertical load-bearing element on the redistribution of stresses and strains in the foundation structures of a building section is assessed. The load on the piles under the pylons around the element removed under the local failure scenario is expected to increase by 15...25%.

PREVENTION OF CRYSTALLISATION OF ASPHALT-RESIN-PARAFFIN DEPOSITS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A PERMANENT MAGNETIC FIELD

During the operation of oil production wells, significant losses occur due to asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) in the pores of reservoirs and lift pipes. Understanding the detection and technology for combating ARPD is an urgent scientific, technical, and practical task, as this factor affects the wells’ operability and ultimate productivity. Keywords: oil products pipeline transportation, high-viscosity oil, paraffin deposition, permanent magnetic field.

BIM Use to Support the Technical Tasks in Construction Projects: A Case Study

BIM use has proved to be inevitable in construction project phases, starting from the project initiation phase and ending with the project closeout phase. Through the use of 4D/5D/6D models in processes of the construction project such as scheduling, bills of quantities (BoQs), and environmental analysis, BIM provides massive assistance to all project participants. In addition, BIM has been utilized in facility management through the use of 7D models. These well-established benefits positively impact construction project variables: cost, time, and quality. Despite these invaluable contributions in construction projects, BIM is not extensively applied in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) of Arab countries, especially in small/medium-scale construction projects. BIM use at these project scales is mainly exclusive to the design phases. The present use of BIM in GCC construction projects leads to the missing of numerous opportunities, which negatively affects project delivery methods, project timelines, and, consequently, project budgets. To shed more light on this subject, this research paper attempts to answer emerging questions, such as the following: How do BIM and other software programs support the technical team of construction projects? Do these software programs have a direct impact on construction project management, in terms of project timelines and work changes? Does BIM add unnecessary cost to the project budget? This research paper proposes four technical task groups used in construction project phases to evaluate the use of BIM and the associated software programs, namely technical work, Time and Accuracy, budget, and BoQ. These four task groups, moreover, have been ratified and are the subject of consensus by project managers and senior engineers in GCC construction projects, who provided the research primary data through interviews and field surveys. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to investigate and analyze the present status of BIM use in construction projects, and subsequently, to establish a basis to propose improvements to support the technical team of construction projects. Two approaches are proposed to overcome the obstacles that hinder BIM adoption in GCC countries. The first one is a top-down approach, in which BIM use and BIM documents are mandatory in construction projects. The second approach is a bottom-up approach, where having more BIM professionals in the GCC market will facilitate the transformation to BIM.

Real-time data visualization of welding robot data and preparation for future of digital twin system

The application of industrial technologies is undergoing significant changes. Finding the level at which to use efficient cyberphysical systems is perhaps one of the most important technical preparatory tasks in implementing digital manufacturing. Welding technology systems are investigated, and a framework for capturing the data sets required for data-driven manufacturing is developed. To make full autonomy in a manufacturing environment meaningful, formerly isolated groups of equipment need to be organized into a production information system. In our research, a test system is created that can implement a digital virtual interface and achieve new levels of efficiency with a future digital twin system. In the discourse of the study, the technological parameters of welding test pieces were investigated, namely the available measurement data sets of current, and voltage data. In the summary section, most of the tasks and research directions are presented, which can be envisaged as a continuation of the present study. Our study will be followed by further research, already testing a complete digital twin system, thus reaching another milestone on the way to autonomous manufacturing.

Development of a multimedia training course for user self-development

The object of this study is the composition, content, and features of analytical and applied tasks that must be solved in the process of creating a multimedia training course for user self-development. In the context of this work, the problem of the lack of a clear definition of the content-element composition of analytical and applied tasks, which must be solved during the creation of such a course, was solved. An analysis of research into various aspects of the creation of multimedia publications, complexes, courses for self-education and self-development of users in various fields is provided. The systematization and determination of the content and features of analytical and applied tasks were carried out, which should be resolved during the development of the course. Keyword research is based on the analysis of user searches. As a result, "succulent species" (1–10k/month) and "breeding succulents" (100–1k/month) were added as course topics. In order to identify positive practices and bring them to the course, the functionality of analogs was investigated. The development of the technical task makes it possible to determine the elemental and content composition, structural and technological aspects of the course. The choice of the most appropriate software environment for the development of a multimedia educational course was substantiated (through the prism of the analysis of the functionality required for this purpose). An appropriate stylistic direction for the implementation of the design of the course interface has been determined. Page prototypes were created. The implementation of the course and its interactive components (advice, exercises, tests, games) was carried out in the selected Adobe Captivate environment. The solution of each task is illustrated by an example. To demonstrate the creation of a multimedia course, self-development of the user in matters of caring for succulents was chosen. The developed publication is used in the educational discipline "Technologies of electronic publishing" as an illustrative example of creating a course.

Electrical engineering equipment for generating and measuring of complete pulse current of artificial lightning in the conditions of high-voltage electrophysics laboratory

Goal. Decision of problem scientific and technical task on the reliable generating and measuring in the conditions of high-voltage electrophysics laboratory basic component of complete pulse current of artificial lightning with the rationed amplitude-temporal parameters (ATPs) with the use of the modernized generator of current of lightning of type of UITOM-1. Methodology. Bases of the applied electrical engineering, electrodynamics and electrophysics, electrophysics bases of technique of high-voltage and high pulse currents, bases of high-voltage pulse technique and measuring technique. Results. Information, which specify on a decision at Research and Design Institute «Molniya» of National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute» problem scientific and technical task, related to the reliable generating and measuring in the conditions of high-voltage electrophysics laboratory of complete pulse current of artificial lightning, which contains pulse A- (repeated pulse D-), intermediate B- and long-term C- (shortened long C*-) components of this current, is resulted, ATPs which answer the hard technical requirements of normative documents of the USA of SAE ARP 5412: 2013, SAE ARP 5414: 2013 and SAE ARP 5416: 2013. Short information is indicated about the applied electrical circuits of separate high-voltage generators of pulse currents of condenser type of GIC-A (GIC-D), GIC-B and GIC-C (GIC-C*), which it is worked as synchronous appearance on the general electrical loading in composition the modernized powerful high voltage generator of complete pulse e current of artificial lightning of type of UITOM-1, and in-use high-voltage measuring facilities which contain the heavy-current low-resistance shunts of type of SHK-300 for simultaneous registration with their help on examinee on stability to lightning devices objects of aviation and space-rocket technique of ATPs proper component of complete i pulse current of artificial lightning. Technical examples are resulted and the row of results of practical application of the indicated domestic powerful high-voltage proof-of-concept electrophysics equipment is described at the tests of elements of some aircrafts (ACs) on resistibility to the direct action on them of complete pulse current of artificial lightning with rationed ATPs. Originality. A problem is formulated and having the important applied value in area of aviation and space-rocket technique for the leading countries of the world scientific and technical task on the reliable generating and measuring in the conditions of high-voltage electrophysics laboratory indicated component of complete pulse current of artificial lightning with rationed ATPs and concrete electro-technological ways and hardware are indicated for its successful decision. Practical value. The use of the modernized powerful high-voltage generator of complete pulse current of artificial lightning of type of UITOM-1 developed in practice and created in Ukraine will allow to conduct the real verification on resistibility to the action of lightning of different side systems, devices and construction elements, containing metallic and composition materials, both again developed and modernized ACs, that will be instrumental in the increase of vitality of such ACs in the extreme terms of their flight and stay in an electrical active earthly atmosphere with flowing in it storm electrical discharges. References 30, tables 3, figures 20.

Empowering Students in Medical Device Design: An Interdisciplinary Soft Robotics Course

Experiential learning in biomedical engineering curricula is a critical component to developing graduates who are equipped to contribute to technical design tasks in their careers. This paper presents the development and implementation of an undergraduate and graduate-level soft material robotics design course focused on applications in medical device design. The elective course, offered in a bioengineering department, includes modules on technical topics and hands-on projects relevant to readings, all situated within a human-centered design course. After learning and using first principles governing soft robot design and exploring literature in soft robotics, students propose a new advance in the field in a hands-on design and prototype project. The course described here aims to create a structure to engage students in fabrication and the design approaches taken by practitioners in a specific field, applied here in soft robotics, but applicable to other areas of biomedical engineering. This teaching tips article details the pedagogical tools used to facilitate design and collaboration within the course. Additionally, we aim to highlight ways in which the course creates (1) opportunities to engage undergraduates in design in preparation for capstone courses, (2) outward facing opportunities to connect with practitioners in the field, and (3) the ability to adapt this hands-on experience within a typical lecture structure as well as a hybrid online and in-person offering, thus expanding its utility in bioengineering departments. We reflect on course elements that can inform future design-based course offerings in soft robotics and other design-based multidisciplinary fields in bioengineering.

Solid-state damper for reducing vibration activity of an electromechanical device of a life support system of oil and gas stations

Relevance. Mechanical vibrations are a common and technically important process that has a negative acoustic effect on human health and in some cases is a harmful production factor. In devices, the presence of vibration is caused by exciting influences of various physical nature: mechanical, electromagnetic, aerodynamic. The reason for their occurrence are defects in parts and assemblies, the technical principle of the ball bearing device, as well as the coincidence of the operating frequency of the device with natural frequency of the structural elements. Since it is technically impossible to completely eliminate the vibration activity of an electromechanical device, the actual topic of scientific research is the technical task of developing a damping device with determining its effectiveness to reduce the vibration activity of an electromechanical device, thereby minimizing the effects of concomitant harmful production factors on humans. To study this problem, a 3D model of the construction of a solid-state damper based on aluminum foam has been developed, according to which two layouts are made with different depths of cylindrical ducts used to install screws. The results of measuring vibration characteristics showed that the material used as a vibration dampener has damping properties and can be used to reduce the level of vibration activity of an electromechanical device. A comparison of the test results of the solid-state damper layouts showed that using layout No. 1 reduces the vibration amplitude up to 3 times compared with layout No. 2. Object. Fragment of the damping element of the vibration damper of a solid-state damper based on aluminum foam. Aim. To develop a design for a solid-state damper based on aluminum foam and determine the effectiveness of its use to reduce the level of vibration activity of an electromechanical device of the life support system of oil and gas stations. Methods. Modern approaches of vibration diagnostics, computational mathematics and measuring instruments. Results. There is a possibility of creating a solid-state damper based on aluminum foam to solve the problems of reducing the amplitude of vibration in the operating frequency range of the rotor of an electromechanical device compared with the corresponding vibration characteristics without damping elements.

Tailoring remote patient management in cardiovascular risk management for healthcare professionals using panel management: a qualitative study

BackgroundWhile remote patient management (RPM) has the potential to assist in achieving treatment targets for cardiovascular risk factors in primary care, its effectiveness may vary among different patient subgroups. Panel management, which involves proactive care for specific patient risk groups, could offer a promising approach to tailor RPM to these groups. This study aims to (i) assess the perception of healthcare professionals and other stakeholders regarding the adoption and (ii) identify the barriers and facilitators for successfully implementing such a panel management approach.MethodsIn total, nineteen semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were conducted in the Netherlands. Three authors reviewed the audited transcripts. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Strategies (CFIR) domains were used for the thematic analysis.ResultsA total of 24 participants (GPs, nurses, health insurers, project managers, and IT consultants) participated. Overall, a panel management approach to RPM in primary care was considered valuable by various stakeholders. Implementation barriers encompassed concerns about missing necessary risk factors for patient stratification, additional clinical and technical tasks for nurses, and reimbursement agreements. Facilitators included tailoring consultation frequency and early detection of at-risk patients, an implementation manager accountable for supervising project procedures and establishing agreements on assessing implementation metrics, and ambassador roles.ConclusionPanel management could enhance proactive care and accurately identify which patients could benefit most from RPM to mitigate CVD risk. For successful implementation, we recommend having clear agreements on technical support, financial infrastructure and the criteria for measuring evaluation outcomes.

Enhancing post-hurricane regional loss assessment with crowdsourcing: A probabilistic inference approach

With the emergence of efficient, widespread social networking infrastructure, along with advances in sensing technology, data retrieval, and data processing techniques, crowdsourcing and participatory sensing have garnered attention as promising approaches for leveraging the general public’s decision-making capacity for more effective and scalable disaster management practices. Although these approaches have recently been acknowledged for their potential in technical and domain-specific tasks, such as post-disaster damage assessment, there is still room for exploration and enhancement. This paper represents a significant stride in this direction by introducing a probabilistic approach designed to improve the reliability and quality of data gathered through participatory disaster damage assessments. By rigorously addressing crucial challenges related to task design and implementing sophisticated truth-inference mechanisms, this study aims to minimize uncertainty and subjectivity in the assessment of building damage states from imagery data conducted by non-expert crowd participants. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a post-disaster damage database from Hurricane Laura, with Amazon Mechanical Turk (M-Turk) serving as the online crowdsourcing platform. With an achieved accuracy of approximately 50% and a ±1-class accuracy of around 95%, the proposed methodology significantly outperforms other inference methods derived from crowd-assigned labels in similar applications. Furthermore, damage assessment is extended to loss estimation, providing a comprehensive view of end-to-end damage and loss assessment. The findings of this study can significantly contribute to the development of efficient and reliable strategies for post-disaster assessments, ultimately facilitating expedited response and recovery efforts in areas affected by disasters.

The Golden Key: Unlocking Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Through the Power of Soft Skills!

Soft (Power) skills and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are crucial in today's business world. While AI excels at automating technical tasks, the key to a thriving workforce lies in the unique human abilities fostered by soft skills. This research study sheds light on soft skills' pivotal role in ensuring AI's successful integration and long-term viability within organizations. It aims to underscore how soft skills such as communication, problem-solving, creativity, emotional intelligence, and collaboration are indispensable and exciting in their potential to drive innovation. These skills enable seamless human-AI interaction, driving innovation and futureproofing the workforce. This groundbreaking study delves into the following critical inquiries: 1. What are the ramifications of depending exclusively on technical abilities in AI development? 2. How can organizations seamlessly incorporate the development of soft skills into their AI training programs? 3. What significance do soft skills hold in augmenting human-machine collaboration? The paper explores the current state and challenges of developing soft skills, highlighting the need for advanced assessment tools, innovative training methods, and a cultural shift that urgently prioritizes these skills within organizations. The findings of this paper outline practical strategies for employers to integrate and empower soft skills development effectively, equipping them to navigate the ever-evolving AI-driven business environment. This study provides invaluable insights for scholars, practitioners, policymakers, business executives, and human resource professionals exploring the AI revolution while leveraging the transformative potential of soft skills in the workplace, inspiring a new way of thinking and working.

Эффективность дистанционного обучения и тестирования персонала ОАО «РЖД» для работы в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций: анализ и экономическое обоснование

Purpose: the directions of application of new information and telecommunication technologies for the organization of the process of advanced training, additional training and retraining of specialists of JSC “Russian Railways” are considered. The main purpose of the study is to study the problem of forecasting an increase in the efficiency of the use of railway transport by reducing losses from unskilled actions of personnel. Methods: the research method is based on the implementation of the principle that in terms of funding, additional training and retraining differ significantly. Results: remote retraining and retraining of railway transport workers is a complex of interrelated organizational, technical, technological, financial and methodological tasks that ensure the functioning of this system. Practical significance: the mathematical formulation of the problem presented in the article to determine the economic feasibility of organizing remote professional development and retraining of personnel during its implementation allows for the assessment and forecast of the main parameters of the functioning f the system of retraining and retraining of personnel of JSC “Russian Railways”. The criteria adopted in the model fairly objectively characterize the effectiveness of the functioning of the system under consideration.

Holistic Person-Centered Care in Radiotherapy: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Several types of health care professionals are responsible for the care of patients with cancer throughout their engagement with the health care system. One such type is the radiotherapist. The radiotherapist not only administers treatment but is also directly involved with the patient during treatment. Despite this direct contact with the patient, the narrative tends to focus more on technical tasks than the actual patient. This task-focused interaction is often due to the highly sophisticated equipment and complex radiotherapy treatment processes involved. This often results in not meeting the psychosocial needs of the patient, and patients have acknowledged noncompliance and delayed treatment as a result. The scoping review aims to explore, chart, and map the available literature on holistic person-centered care in radiotherapy and to identify and present key concepts, definitions, methodologies, knowledge gaps, and evidence related to holistic person-centered care in radiotherapy. This protocol was developed using previously described methodological frameworks for scoping studies. The review will include both peer-reviewed and gray literature regarding holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. A comprehensive search strategy has been developed for MEDLINE (Ovid), which will be translated into the other included databases: Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Library, and the Directory of Open Access Journals. Gray literature searching will include Google (Google Books and Google Scholar), ProQuest, the WorldWideScience website, the OpenGrey website, and various university dissertation and thesis repositories. The title and abstract screening, full-text review, and relevant data extraction will be performed independently by all 3 reviewers using the Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation) software, which will also be used to guide the resolution of conflicts. Sources selected will be imported into ATLAS.ti (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH) for analysis, which will consist of content analysis, narrative analysis, and descriptive synthesis. Results will be presented using narrative, diagrammatic, and tabular formats. The review is expected to identify research gaps that will inform current and future holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. The review commenced in November 2023, and the formal literature search was completed by the end of February 2024. Final results are expected to be published in a peer-reviewed journal by 2025. The findings of this review are expected to provide a wide variety of strategies aimed at providing holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy, as well as to identify some gaps in the literature. These findings will be used to inform future studies aimed at designing, developing, evaluating, and implementing strategies toward improved holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. DERR1-10.2196/51338.

Геоінформаційна система інженерних мереж та комунікацій морського торгового порту

The work is devoted to researching the process of development, implementation and operation of the geoinformation system of engineering networks and communications (GISIS) in the Odesa Sea Trade Port. The beginning of the development of the system began more than twenty years ago. The beginning of the works was preceded by the stage of pre-project studies, the result of which were the technical tasks for the implementation of the works and the project of the structure of information support. The work was carried out in stages, which corresponded to a separate territory and type of work. The purpose of this work is to research the processes of performing field and camera geodetic, photogrammetric, cartographic works, designing and creating a geoinformation database, selecting and adapting specialized geoinformation software, operating and supporting the system during the full life cycle of the geoinformation system. The methodology mainly corresponds to the following algorithm of work performance. At the stage of preliminary design studies: – collection and analysis of data on the exchange of cartographic and analytical information between external organizations, – collection and analysis of data on the exchange of cartographic and analytical information within the enterprise, primarily between engineering services, – description of the existing document circulation system with cartographic and analytical information, – a description of the shortcomings of the existing document management system, – determination of requirements for geo-information software and justification of the configuration of the geo-information software package and its architecture. At the stage of field work: – construction of a shooting justification and definition of data for communication with other coordinate systems, – reconnaissance on the territory of performance of works. Planning field work. – execution of topographical and geodetic works for the purpose of building or updating 1:500, 1:2000 scale plans. Construction of outlines. – performance of engineering and geodetic works for the study of underground communications in order to design the sections of wells and other engineering nodes. At the stage of design (camera works): – based on outlines and electronic survey protocols, development or correction of 1:500, 1:2000 scale plans using geoinformation software. – based on outlines, photofixation materials, construction of diagrams of sections of wells and other engineering nodes in electronic form. – formation of a geo-informational database of the object on the territory of execution of works. – debugging the project in the environment of geoinformation software. – coordination of the project with the engineering services of the enterprise and external organizations. – commissioning the developed project to the customer. Scientific novelty and practical significance – for the first time, research and development of the methodology of creation and support at all stages of the life cycle of the geoinformation system of engineering networks and communications of a large seaport was carried out. The methodology was developed for a long time during the entire life cycle of the system. The methodology was used by other ports and large industrial enterprises.

Development of an intelligent assistant for selection of goods in the process of dialogue with the user

This article is devoted to the development of methods for creating intelligent assistants. Intelligent assistants can be used in call centers to solve customer problems, to solve technical support tasks, to help people with disabilities, to help in choosing goods, etc. We consider intelligent assistants that engage in argumentative dialogue with users, aimed at finding goods and services that maximally satisfy users’ wants and needs. The development of the intelligent assistant is based on a four-level model of the subject domain and a semantic model of the user. The system under development automates the process of search and decision justification through the reuse of domain cases: accumulated knowledge about previous dialogues with users. This gives the system we developed an advantage over existing analogues, which are incapable of reusing knowledge about previous dialogues. The paper develops a case-based approach to building an intelligent system capable of reasoning about its responses. For this purpose, an argumentation graph is constructed, methods for structuring domain cases are developed, and ontological homomorphisms are used to transform the available domain cases into a finished solution. A description of model-theoretical methods for constructing intelligent assistants is presented. The cases of goods, users and dialogues of an intelligent assistant with users are formally described in the form of partial models. The transformation of domain cases and similarity of cases are formalized using ontological homomorphisms of partial models. The purpose of the developed dialogue system is not only to select a solution according to the user’s request, but also to find out the tasks that the user is going to solve, to analyze his argumentation, and then to justify the proposed solution to the user, to show that this particular product or service will be able to meet his needs.

Artificial Intelligence Models for Predicting Budget Expenditures

This study develops and tests a machine learning (ML)-based cost forecasting model against traditional earned value management (EVM) techniques. Utilizing Python for ML implementation, the research applies algorithms to a dataset of completed projects globally, evaluating their performance with metrics like mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and percentage error (PE). The results confirmed that ML give more accurate results than the traditional methods. Thus, the initial rate showing that XGBoost is more accurate than the traditional method using Index-2 is 88%. In 23 of 25 randomly selected projects, this algorithm was more accurate. At the middle stage, the same frequency is 92.6%; later stage, the selected criterion further confirms that the ML algorithm is more accurate than the traditional method, accounting for 75% of 21 projects out of 28. By introducing ML into project management forecasting, managers could spend less time on the technical tasks in their projects. Despite its effectiveness, the study's scope is limited by a small sample size of 110 projects and the testing of only three algorithms. Future research is suggested to expand the dataset and explore additional algorithms, including neural networks and tree-based methods, to enhance forecasting precision.

Directions for the formation of «City Intelligent models» using artificial intelligence for the post-war reconstruction of historical buildings

Addressing the limitations of current digital simulations for historical buildings, this paper suggests a specific technical task for the development of a simulation analysis platform based on City Intelligent Modelling (CIM). The objective is to establish a systematic approach for digitally maintaining and managing historical dwellings. The technique presented in this paper focuses on constructing sophisticated parametric models that offer numerous modelling benefits, allowing for convenient updates to the Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM). The text discusses various applications and integrations of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in urban planning, construction projects, and historic building renovations. CIM is presented as a comprehensive digital platform that visually represents cities, aiding urban planners in decision-making for sustainable development. The text delves into the use of advanced analytical tools within CIM for diverse data analysis, predictive modelling, and simulation to forecast trends. The focus shifts to the evolution of BIM, progressing from 3D to 5D models, influencing construction project management and cost estimation. The integration of BIM in historic building projects is explored, emphasising the challenges and proposing innovative solutions using HBIM. The paper also introduces the concept of Infrastructural Building Information Modelling (InfraBIM) in construction management, incorporating Virtual and Augmented Reality for enhanced visualisation.