Technical Supply Research Articles

Étalement urbain et services collectifs : Les surcoûts d'infrastructures liés a l'eau

L’article porte sur les relations entre les formes urbaines et la productivité des services collectifs. Il s’appuie sur la distinction entre les trois types de fourniture technique des infrastructures, des superstructures et des dessertes par agent spécialisé. Les recherches développées pour le contexte wallon sur ce thème confirment la littérature quant à l’importance des surcoûts de l’étalement pour les services dont le fonctionnement est assuré par des infrastructures (notamment pour les domaines de la distribution de l’eau alimentaire et de l’assainissement). Il ressort également de l’analyse que ces surcoûts sont massivement collectivisés, via une taxation ou via une facturation qui ne considère nullement l’influence des modes de peuplement sur les besoins en investissements.

Modelo Principal-Agente para contratos entre pequenos produtores e empresa exportadora de manga no Rio Grande do Norte

A fruticultura é uma atividade de grande importância na balança comercial brasileira e mais ainda para a região Nordeste. As diversas exigências do mercado exportador de frutas, como os certificados de qualidade, aliadas aos entraves internos da produção e da comercialização, entre os quais a ausência de padronização dos produtos e a falta de crédito, fizeram da intermediação das exportações uma prática regular. Grandes empresas, cooperativas, associações e ONG’s recebem as produções de muitos pequenos produtores e as exportam, conjuntamente com sua própria produção, quando também produzem. No Nordeste, é comum o agente exportador oferecer contratos de exportação aos produtores que incluem assistência técnica, administrativa e jurídica e os insumos necessários à produção. Este trabalho formula uma proposta de modelagem, usando a teoria dos jogos, mais especificamente a abordagem Principal-Agente, para os contratos de exportação entre produtores e exportadores da fruticultura. Aplicou-se a proposta para os pequenos produtores de manga do Rio Grande do Norte, e mostrou-se que a escolha do tipo de contrato da maioria dos produtores é ótima para ambas as partes e que estes contratos incentivam o produtor a aplicar esforço elevado na produção. Extensões da modelagem proposta podem incluir barganha nas negociações ou considerar um modelo de jogo dinâmico.

DESIGN OF MARKETING AND LOGISTICS DECISIONS OF REGARDING THE SELECTION OF MATERIALS, SPARE PARTS AND COMPONENTS

Contradiction is analysed between the aims of material and technical supply. The order of optimization of choice of materials, spare parts and knots is considered.

Decision knowledge sharing: flexible supply chains in KM context

Supply chain excellence has a real impact on business strategy. Building supply chains as flexible systems represents one of the most exciting opportunities to create value and one of the most challenging tasks for the policy makers. It requires integrated decision making amongst autonomous chain partners with effective decision knowledge sharing between them. The key to success lies in knowing which decision has more impact on the overall performance and this can be achieved by appropriate knowledge sharing. In this context, knowledge management (KM) can be used as an effective approach to achieve knowledge sharing and decision synchronisation in supply chains. Flexible supply chains (FSCs) are more complex and involve multiple autonomous players with varying technical cultures (affects knowledge mindsets), managerial background (affects decision knowledge) and supply chain management (SCM) exposures (affects knowledge sharing attitudes). Thus there is a need to develop demo models that can encourage chain managers towards collaborative knowledge sharing in the supply chains. This paper presents the application of one such model based on decision knowledge sharing (DKS) for improved supply chain management. A simulation model of a flexible supply chain based on DKS framework is developed for demo purposes. The key results are highlighted along with industry implications. The cost based performance of DKS at different levels of flexibility is studied. Thus a careful analysis of the chain with a focus on collaborative decisions is useful to ensure success. This paper addresses this interesting and challenging domain.

A Study of Thermal Properties of Fluoroplastic-based Polymeric Coatings

The possibility of using fluoroplastic with various fillers to obtain thin protective coatings on heat-exchange surfaces for systems of technical water supply was examined.

Canada's offer to host the ITER project

The Government of Canada submitted the Canadian Offer to Host International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) in June of 2001. This presentation discusses the attributes of the Canadian Offer, including a description of the location for the Canadian site at Clarington, the site's technical characteristics, established infrastructure, socio-cultural characteristics, tritium supply, the licensing and environmental assessment process, support in Canada for ITER and the research and development capability in Canada that would be of benefit to the ITER project. These were evaluated and confirmed by an international team of experts as part of the Joint Assessment of Specific Sites (JASS) undertaken by the ITER Negotiators, and are further described in the Final JASS Report approved by the ITER Negotiators in January, 2003.

Probabilistic-Automata Modeling of the Material and Technical Supply System for Urban Life-Support Pipelines under Inflation Conditions

Probabilistic-Automata Modeling of the Material and Technical Supply System for Urban Life-Support Pipelines under Inflation Conditions

96/01155 Technical efficiency, production functions and conservation supply curves

96/01155 Technical efficiency, production functions and conservation supply curves

Manned expedition to Mars: Concepts & problems

In this article presents general concept of interplanetary spacecraft and bio-medical aspect of long interplanetary flight, the problems of technical supply for their solving. Presents version of the programme of the flight to Mars. This paper dicusses the main specific factors of the flight: •- after long duration of being in the microgravity state, the men are subjected to the pressure of lineary and shoch overload,•- angmented radiation, caused by crossing Earth radiation belts possible solar brares and the influence of galactic space radiation, and etc.The concept biomedical problems and technical supply for their solving are schematic reflected in tables 1,2,3,4.

Balancing the Reproduction of Fixed Capital with Labor Resources

The December (1983) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee noted that' 'every ministry, USSR Gosplan [State Planning Committee], and USSR Gossnab [State Committee for Material and Technical Supply] must in the shortest possible time develop special measures to eliminate bottlenecks and disproportions that reduce the effectiveness of the utilization of production potential. '' The same also applies to the insufficiently balanced growth of productive fixed capital, and corresponding additional workplaces, with the existing work force and available labor resources.

Democratic Centralism and Economic Independence

The working day of enterprise managers frequently begins with the resolution of a difficult problem: how to secure the uninterrupted, rhythmic work of the collective in the face of continuous interruptions of material and technical supply. One time there will not be enough castings and rolled metals, another time there will be a shortage of special tools. Briansk waits for bolts from Gorky to be used in clutches that must be delivered to Moscow automakers immediately. Kolomna does not ship finished diesels to customers because Penza machine builders hold up deliveries of fuel pumps…. The picture is unfortunately familiar to many managers.

A Major Effort Lies Ahead

The permanent representatives of the Council of Ministers of the Georgian SSR to the USSR Council of Ministers have the specific responsibility of maintaining daily liaison between the republic's government and the government of the USSR. Within the limits of their competence, the permanent representatives participate in the drafting of decrees and regulations on state, economic, and sociocultural construction and examine proposals of the plan-and-budget and other standing committees of the USSR Supreme Soviet and USSR Council of Ministers pertaining to the Georgian SSR. They participate directly in the review of the draft plans of the USSR State Planning Committee, ministries, state committees, and other organs of the USSR for economic and social development, the state budget, material and technical supply, the most important national, interbranch, and regional programs, and other questions that relate to the Georgian SSR.

Inside a Soviet Management Institute

How are Soviet managers being trained to cope with the increasing complexity of their jobs? The Plekhanov Institute of the National Economy in Moscow offers a three-month program for senior managers from four sectors of the economy: industrial enterprises, planning organs, material and technical supply organs, and the state bank. The first Westerner to graduate from the program describes it and its participants.

Sur la théorie de la régulation financière et les prix

On the Theory of Financial Regulation and Prices. The authors are concerned with the reforms in the system of economic management in the USSR and in Hungary, and in particular with the use of "indirect levers" or indirect means of control, including for example, the use of fiscal measures. It is clear that a reform of the tax system would involve radical changes in economic and institutional structures, such as price fixing mechanisms, material and technical supply systems, and so on. In the absence of either the will of the power to effect genuine change, the authorities have allowed the reforms to die a natural death.

Supervaluations without Truth-Value Gaps

For a very long time truth-value gaps were under a cloud of suspicion because they were considered logically unmanageable. So Frege declared that:“as regards concepts we have a requirement of sharp delimitation; if this were not satisfied it would be impossible to set forth logical laws about them”.Three-valued logic promised to dispel the cloud but in the eyes of many it had promised more than it could deliver. So in response to Reichenbach's plea for a three-valued quantum logic Russell replied:“This is one of a number of questions as to which I am prevented from accepting a certain view by difficulties in carrying it out, but am prepared to alter my opinion if technical skill supplies an answer to my difficulties”.‘By now technical skill has supplied many alternative systems of three-valued logic, but few answers and numerous additional difficulties.’

The Political Economy of Primary Care and “Health by the People”: An Historical Explanation

During the last several years “primary care” has come to the fore as the “new” priority in health care. In September, 1978 the World Health Organization and UNICEF jointly sponsored the first International Conference on Primary Health Care. The following general principles were put forward in 1975 by the 28th World Health Assembly as the basis of successful primary care efforts.1.Primary health care should be shaped around the life patterns of the population it should serve and should meet the needs of the community.2.Primary health care should be an integral part of the national health system and other echelons of services should be designed in support of the needs of the peripheral level, especially as this pertains to technical supply, supervisory, and referral support.

Means for protecting underwater structures at the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric stations from fouling by mussels

1. The abundant mussel fouling of the surfaces of the trash racks, gates of the dam and turbines, concrete scroll cases of the units, and technical water supply system at the Tsimlyansk station results from the favorable physicochemical conditions for development of the mussel. During the season the fouling biomass reaches 11–12 kg/m2. 2. Industrially produced antifouling enamels KhS-522, KhS-79 blue, KhV-53, and KF-751 can be used to protect underwater structures from fouling by mussels. Paints with organotin toxins KhS-521 with TBTO, KhS-519, KhS-519 r. 23, and Kch-520 are also promising, but need further testing. 3. Antifouling enamels should be applied on stable anticorrosion coatings on a vinyl (KhS-720, KhV-74) and epoxy (EP-44) base, and also on coatings on a base of enamels KhS-416, KhS-413, etc. 4. Metal structures can be protected against mussel fouling by cathodic means with constant polarization at current densities of 0.4–0.8 A/m2. 5. It was established for the first time that complete protection from fouling is possible with periodic polarization once every 10 days for 8 h at a current density of 4 A/m2. This regime should be maintained for 3–4.5 months a year at the time of intense fouling. 6. The possibility of using antifouling coatings along with cathodic protection from corrosion was investigated. It was established that enamel KhS-522 operating with polarization by a current density of 0.02–0.06 A/m2 for 2 years completely retained its antifouling properties and did not show any traces of damage.

Conservation and Scientific Analysis of Painting

The title is ratber misleading for nine tenths of the book is taken up with scientific examination. The remainder i restricted to conservation in the sense of control of environment (another book in the same series by a different author will cover restoration of paintings). The author i head of the research laboratory of the Louvre museum. She specialize in the application of selected radiation to the tudy of paintings, so not unexpectedly the major part of the book is devoted to X-radiography and other photographic techniques. The other main section, Analytic Methods', surveys tho e which may be used to examine the materials and con truction of paintings, ranging from optical micro copy to modern instrumental method like X-ray fluorescence and neutron activation analysis. A single paragraph of general description has to suffice for most, often without specific example of application to paintings (the use made by Mme S. Delbourgo, also of the Louvre laboratory, of the electron microbeam probe is a welcome exception). The ection on 'Environment and Can ervation' describes measurement and control of atmospheric temperature, humidity and pollution and of light and lighting in the exhibition and storage of picture. Supplementary 'Technical Notes' supply practical instructions, for example for taking infrared photographs or using a thermohygrograph (oddly included in the e 'Note' are de criptions of holography and of a carbon-14 dating technique unlikely undertaking for the nonspecialist). There i a hart bibliography and an index. From its list of contents thi would eem the ideal book for explaining to the curator, art historian, picture restorer or intere ted layman what science can do to help the under tanding and care of paintings. It is also a most attractive book, lavishly illustrated with trikingly beautiful photograph for example a colour photomacrograph of bru hwork round the eye in a Van Gogh portrait, and the Xradiographs of Caravaggio Martyrdom of S.

Improving the operating organization and ways of reducing the number of personnel at hydroelectric stations

1. The new staff standards for 1976–1980 take into account more fully the characteristics of individual stations. 2. The standards stipulate a considerable reduction in the number of personnel and their implementation requires intense work on the part of station personnel, related to the development and fulfillment of a number of organizational and technical measures, main among which are: increasing the reliability of equipment; increasing the overhaul life and reducing downtimes for overhaul; improving the organizational structure of station management; improving the efficiency of operating personnel; improving the effectiveness of using the personnel's work time; further increasing the level of mechanization of labor; automating productive processes of small stations and other measures aimed at reducing the number of maintenance personnel of small stations; improving material and technical supply. 3. The staff standards are completely achievable, since they are founded on the experience of leading workers at stations whose staff is already within the new standards or close to it.

Calculation of jet-pump operation in the technical water supply system of hydroelectric station turbine-generator units

Calculation of jet-pump operation in the technical water supply system of hydroelectric station turbine-generator units