Technical Guidance Research Articles

Numerical investigation of welding deformation diminution for double shell structure using the layered inherent strain

Cyclotron is a key scientific tool and indispensable research platform for conducting cutting-edge research in nuclear equipment development as well as innovative applications of nuclear technology. The shell component has a double-layer thick-walled structure with intricate ribs and high-density, full-penetration welded joints. The mitigation of welding deformation is of profound significance to the performance of the cyclotron. The thick plate joint has many welding layers which will be divided into several steps to complete the backing, filler, and cap welding. The equivalent transverse and longitudinal plastic strains of different layers were extracted by the thermo-elastic-plastic method. The welding deformation generated by each layer of weld can be predicted by using the equivalent plastic strain, and the total distortion can be accumulated layer by layer. Numerical simulation and experimental studies were conducted on the welding deformation of the double shell specimen, and the welding sequence and design of the welding fixture were discussed in detail. The digital photogrammetry system was used to monitor the deformation state of the welded parts in real-time. The measured deformation was compared with the simulation results. Ultimately, the deformation of the specimen is controlled at 2.64 mm. The proposed method can flexibly evaluate the impact of each welding layer on welding deformation for multiple welds, which can provide technical guidance for cyclotron engineering manufacturing.

Constraints faced by Chawki rearing Centres in Tamil Nadu

Chawki rearing centers (CRCs) play a pivotal role in the sericulture industry by focusing on the cultivation and rearing of high-quality silkworms, known as chawki. This study investigates the primary constraints faced by CRCs across various operational aspects, including agricultural practices, labor management, technical support, and market dynamics. Key findings reveal significant challenges such as the absence of drought-resistant mulberry varieties, high capital requirements for wages, labor shortages, and inadequate technical guidance. Natural factors like climate change and pest outbreaks further exacerbate these issues, impacting silkworm health and productivity. Marketing constraints, such as price volatility and transportation costs, add to the operational complexities of CRCs. The study underscores the need for coordinated efforts among government agencies, research institutions, and industry stakeholders to address these challenges and enhance the sustainability of chawki rearing in the sericulture sector.

Reliability analysis of 50000 kN hydraulic support test bench under shrinkage test conditions

The large mining-height hydraulic support test-bed serves as a crucial tool for heavy hydraulic support factory inspections and type testing. With the successful development of the ZY29000/45/100D hydraulic support, the need for a large high-mining hydraulic support test-bed has become evident. This paper combines the theory of rigid-flexible coupling in virtual prototypes and ADAMS multi-body dynamic simulation technology to analyze the strength of the 50,000 kN hydraulic support test-bed. ANSYS classic modules were employed to address the flexibility of key components within the test-bed. The fatigue life of the test-bed was analyzed using NSOFT software, the von Mises yield criterion, and the Goodman modified curve. The S-N curve of material parameters for the test-bed components was used to conduct a shrinkage test. The results indicate that the lowest position is the most vulnerable during the shrinkage test. Among the key components, the stress on the pin bearing is 356.6 MPa, which is 167.9 %, 123.3 %, and 41.6 % higher than that of the pillar, movable beam, and base, respectively. The fatigue life of the base under low, medium, and high shrinkage conditions is1.1×107, 4.0×108, and 1.7×108, with damage values of 8.8×10-8, 2.5×10-9, and 5.7×10-9, respectively. The base’s life under low shrinkage conditions is the shortest, followed by that under high shrinkage conditions. These research findings provide technical guidance and an optimization foundation for the successful development of a 50000 kN hydraulic support test-bed. They also offer a new method and approach for analyzing and predicting the fatigue life of key components in large-scale industrial and mining equipment operating under complex conditions, with promising practical applications.

The Impact of Ecological Land Consolidation Projects on Soil Carbon Sequestration Capacity

Land consolidation is an important measure to expand the scale of arable land, improve the working environment of farmland, enhance agricultural productivity, and improve the production and living conditions of farmers. However, for a long time, land consolidation has remained at the stage of improving agricultural infrastructure. With the proposal of ecological and environmental protection concepts, ecological land consolidation projects are about to emerge. In the process of promoting this project, soil carbon sequestration capacity is one of the most important measures of ecological and environmental protection. Overview of the definition and connotation of soil organic carbon, and analysis of the impact of ecological land remediation projects on soil carbon sequestration capacity. On this basis, an overview of soil carbon sequestration measures in ecological land consolidation projects is provided, providing theoretical support and technical guidance for strengthening carbon sequestration work and enhancing soil carbon sequestration capacity in ecological land consolidation projects.

Marketing Information System for Maize Commodities in Soppeng Regency to Increase Agricultural Productivity and National Food Security

Maize in Soppeng Regency is a strategic commodity and has bright marketing prospects. Therefore, efforts to increase maize production need to receive great attention, because with sufficient availability, maize is one of the main food needs in the world after rice. It is expected that the community's need for maize can be met and the selling price remains stable. This research aims to increase the productivity of corn commodity marketing in Soppeng Regency based on the application of online marketing information systems, so that the market world can be wider and make it easier for farmers to sell their corn commodity products and become corn crop production centers, in order to increase the productivity of food crops, especially in Soppeng Regency. This study uses preliminary data on corn production from villages and sub-districts sourced from the Office of Food Crops, Horticulture, Plantations, and Food Security of Soppeng Regency which consists of 49 villages, 21 sub-districts and 8 sub-districts. The system development method uses the SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) system development technique, the application of this method starts from the field condition analysis stage, the system design stage, the system creation stage, the system testing stage, the system usage stage in the field. In addition, to meet the sustainability of the program, technical guidance on the use of the system will be provided to each user at the sub-district level. The results of this research are in the form of using an online-based corn commodity marketing information system

Towards a Community-Based Framework for Flood Risk Management in Woodlands Park, Gweru

AbstractUrban flood risks in Zimbabwe emanate from the twin challenges of rapid urbanisation and climate change. Most urban settlements have become increasingly anchorages, which require increased adaptation through the sustainable management of urban storm water. Building on the Woodlands Park case in Gweru, this paper locates the problem of recurrent floods to the impasse between residents and council authorities on the one hand, and climatic risks reinforcing underlying rapid urbanisation challenges on the other hand. The purpose of the study was to gather the views of residents and their role in seeking solutions to the storm water management challenges. Utilising a mixed methodology, insights were drawn from field observations and purposive selection of 50 household representatives, triangulated with the views of officials from Gweru City Council (GCC). Data were obtained through in-depth interviews using semi-structured questions and analysed using thematic content analysis where participants’ views were grouped into themes according to their resemblance. By utilising Vensim PLE 7.3 Software, we applied systems thinking theory to reveal the interconnectedness of the factors leading to heightened storm water challenges. The findings showed that Woodlands Park lacks proper drainage installations that meet the standards of GCC. Some residents use personal resources to make storm drains on their yards but with differing structural dimensions. The local drainage system gets choked by silt and illegally dumped litter. Municipal authorities do not undertake routine annual drain reticulation operations, exposing houses to flooding. We argue that municipal authorities, land developers and the residents have not equitably collated their efforts to create bargained storm water management initiatives. The study proposes a community-based, low-cost flood resilience framework that engages residents with technical guidance from municipal staff.

Menumbuhkembangkan Minat dan Budaya Menulis Karya Ilmiah di Kalangan Siswa-Siswi SMK Link and Match, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten

Community Service Activities (PkM) in the form of Scientific Writing Writing Training for Link and Match Vocational School Students, South Tangerang City, Banten aims to help students write good and quality scientific papers. Training is carried out using mentoring methods, discussions, workshops and technical guidance (bimtek) in writing scientific papers in accordance with existing standards. The results of the training showed that the abilities of the students who participated in the training were good. Based on a brief assessment carried out by the resource person, it can be concluded that the participants' ability to write scientific papers is good. Even though there are notes for some participants that are still lacking, from the aspect of the standards for writing scientific papers it can be said to have met them. This is certainly very encouraging because the material presented during the training can be digested and understood by participants well, so they can put it into practice when writing scientific papers. In terms of quantity, the number of scientific papers produced by participants during the training varies. There were participants who were able to write two papers, but there were also those who did not complete one paper. This output will later be used as material and input in perfecting training methods and techniques in subsequent activities.

Application of Data Governance Models in the Context of the Digital Economy

In the context of the digital economy, the volume of data is growing exponentially, the types of data are becoming more diverse, and its value is increasing, often providing critical support for decision-making by enterprises and government institutions. Effective data governance is a crucial tool for maximizing data value and mitigating data risks. This article examines the application of data governance models in the digital economy, aiming to offer technical insights and guidance for data-driven enterprises and governments in China. By elevating their data governance standards in the new era, this approach will comprehensively enhance their ability to harness digital value and ensure security in the digital economy, ultimately driving the continued growth of both the digital economy and society.

Peptide-based immunoprotection against Rhipicephalus microplus tick

The main agents for tick control are chemical acaricides. However, when used without technical guidance, they can lead to environmental damage and the development of resistant tick strains. In this context, vaccines are alternative o be used in integrated tick management format by combining with other effective tools. We isolated RNA from ticks Rhipicephalus microplus, prepared the library, and performed next-generation sequencing; a pipeline analysis was applied to identify the hypothetical proteins having immunogenic potential and their predicted immunogenic peptides. Twelve peptides, ranging from 12 to 38 amino acid residues, containing the selected epitopes from different targets were selected and synthesized in two forms: the pure peptide; and the peptide conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) carrier. These peptides were divided into two groups of six peptides each. The antigen formulations (groups 1 and 2) were prepared with conjugated peptides containing 200 µg of each peptide per dose emulsified with Montanide ISA 61VG (SEPPIC); the control treatment had the adjuvant formulation without peptides (group 3). To evaluate the protective efficacy, 15 weaned male calves (Angus breed) aged around 6 months to one year and weighing approximately 200–250 kg were divided into three groups of five animals each; they were immunized thrice, at an interval of 28 days. After immunization, all the calves infested with 15,000 larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus. Peptide epitopes were recognized by antibodies against host-specific IgGs using indirect ELISA. The mean of the antibody level was determined for each group and compared using analysis of variance with two factors (ANOVA). F-test was used to determine the significance of differences observed between the groups. The percentage efficacy was calculated based on the number of ticks, the weight of teleoginas, and the weight and hatchability of the eggs, compared to that in the control group. The evaluation of immunoprotection indicated efficacies of 69 and 51 %, respectively in Group 1 and 2.

A Survey on Multi-Sensor Fusion Perimeter Intrusion Detection in High-Speed Railways.

In recent years, the safety issues of high-speed railways have remained severe. The intrusion of personnel or obstacles into the perimeter has often occurred in the past, causing derailment or parking, especially in the case of bad weather such as fog, haze, rain, etc. According to previous research, it is difficult for a single sensor to meet the application needs of all scenario, all weather, and all time domains. Due to the complementary advantages of multi-sensor data such as images and point clouds, multi-sensor fusion detection technology for high-speed railway perimeter intrusion is becoming a research hotspot. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no review of research on multi-sensor fusion detection technology for high-speed railway perimeter intrusion. To make up for this deficiency and stimulate future research, this article first analyzes the situation of high-speed railway technical defense measures and summarizes the research status of single sensor detection. Secondly, based on the analysis of typical intrusion scenarios in high-speed railways, we introduce the research status of multi-sensor data fusion detection algorithms and data. Then, we discuss risk assessment of railway safety. Finally, the trends and challenges of multi-sensor fusion detection algorithms in the railway field are discussed. This provides effective theoretical support and technical guidance for high-speed rail perimeter intrusion monitoring.

Genetic Diversity Research of Yam Germplasm Resources

Yam (Dioscorea spp.), a versatile economic crop used both as food and medicine, is widely distributed globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Its abundant germplasm resources provide a crucial foundation for genetic diversity research. This paper reviews the latest advances in the genetic diversity study of yam germplasm resources, focusing on research methods and outcomes based on morphological traits, cytological markers, and molecular markers. By analyzing the application and effectiveness of these research methods, this paper summarizes key findings in yam genetic diversity research and proposes future research directions, aiming to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for yam genetic improvement and germplasm resource conservation.

Peningkatan Kapasitas Pelaku Usaha Perikanan di Desa Pela Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Melalui Penyuluhan Manajemen Strategi Pemasaran

Marketing of fishery business products is technically a little different from non-fisheries, this is because the marketing flow time from producer to consumer must be shorter, this is done in order to maintain freshness and optimal protein content in the fish. Therefore, efforts are needed to provide technical guidance for business marketing management. Lack of knowledge of the importance of groups is an obstacle in providing assistance to fishermen. so it is necessary to provide ongoing assistance by related agencies and academics to change the mindset and fate of fishermen towards a better standard of living. Extension activities were carried out on Saturday, May 11 2024 in Pela Village, Kota Bangun District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The approach method used is mapping potential locations, counseling, training and assistance with business marketing management. The result of community service is that fishing communities can understand the importance of joining or forming groups to achieve the same goals, and fishermen understand the importance of marketing management in an effort to increase income and economic welfare.

Numerical study on the thermal environment of the vertical greening system based on infrared thermal imaging

ABSTRACT Since the design and construction of the building envelope affects approximately 20–60% of the energy used to heat and cool the building, it is important to improve the energy efficiency of the building envelope. This study intends to obtain an optimal thermal environment model of vertical greening through software simulation in the later stage. For some countries and cities that are still relatively backward in green development, we can provide technical support and guidance. In this study, infrared imaging equipment was used to obtain the thermal environment parameters of vertical greening, and the corresponding thermal environment characteristics were analyzed to provide support for the construction of the thermal environment model of the vertical greening system. Secondly, a new microclimate numerical simulation software ENVI-met was used to establish a vertical greening system model, quantify the changes of thermal environment parameters under different conditions, and output the numerical simulation analysis results, including temperature and thermal comfort evaluation indicators, to evaluate the role relationship and influence mechanism under different conditions. It provides theoretical support for the development, application and prediction of vertical greening. This will improve the energy efficiency of buildings.

Experimental investigation of the cooling effect of topology-optimized structure on photovoltaic wall

Nowadays, photovoltaic walls have been widely used, which will generate heat behind the PV panel and cause overheating, making the lower efficiency of the PV panel and higher temperature of the exterior wall. Topology optimization structures have been explored in many fields for heat dissipation, but few are applied in heat dissipation of the PV wall systems. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate the effect of topological optimized structure of the copper sheet on electricity generation efficiency of the PV panel and cooling effect of the exterior wall. The topology optimization method is used to numerically find the optimal geometric configuration of high thermal conductivity material of copper sheet on the back of the photovoltaic panel. And the topology-optimized copper sheet is fabricated by 3D printing and experimented with four different cases. The experimental results show that under natural convection, compared with the reference photovoltaic wall, the largest reduction of temperature of the photovoltaic panel (ΔTpv) and the largest output power increment rate (ΔE/E) of the photovoltaic wall with topology-optimized copper in the 5 test days are 2.7℃and 1.30 % respectively, and the largest reduction of temperature of the exterior wall (ΔTw) is 1.6℃. Under forced convection, the temperature reduction (ΔTpv) and the increment of output power (ΔE) of the photovoltaic panel and the temperature reduction of the exterior wall (ΔTw) increase significantly under wind speed of 1 m/s compared with natural convection. But when the wind speed is increased from 1.5 m/s to 2 m/s, the increment is less obvious. Therefore, the optimal wind speed in the air gap of the photovoltaic wall with topology-optimized copper is 1 ∼ 1.5 m/s. At last, based on the results of our previous study, the optimal-constructed photovoltaic wall in hot summer and cold winter area is discussed. The results of this research can provide some technical guidance for engineering application of the photovoltaic panel integrated with walls in similar climate regions.

Quantitative index for temporal and spatial patterns of occupant behavior based on VRF big data

The energy consumption required to cool buildings has increased significantly because of occupant behavior. The air conditioning (AC) usage in residential buildings, particularly the part-time and part-space patterns, has a considerable impact on energy consumption. However, the part-time, part-space patterns of occupant behavior, which are characterized by complexity and diversity, present significant challenges when quantitatively assessing their impact on cooling energy consumption. To accurately describe occupant behavior, this study introduces the quantitative index of the part-time, part-space ratio of AC usage. We conducted clustering analysis based on part-time and part-space ratios of AC usage to obtain the typical occupant behavior patterns, user distribution, and cooling energy consumption levels of variable refrigerant flow (VRF) AC systems in various climatic zones of China based on data from 4373 VRF systems across various climatic zones from June to October 2019. The main findings were that the typical occupant behavior pattern of AC usage for residential buildings was the part-time, part-space AC mode, with less than 500 cooling hours and a simultaneous use coefficient below 0.6. The part-time, part-space ratio of AC usage effectively correlated occupant behavior with cooling energy consumption, as evidenced by an R2 value of 0.91, compared with the traditional standard of using the duration of the AC operation. The part-time, part-space ratio of AC usage and cooling energy consumption were higher in the hot summer and warm winter regions than those in the other two climatic zones. These findings can assist in the evaluation of cooling energy consumption for various occupant behavior patterns and provide technical guidance for reducing cooling energy consumption.

PRAKTIK BAIK PENGGUNAAN DANA ALOKASI UMUM DI KECAMATAN PAYAKUMBUH SELATAN

The The purpose of this study was to analyze the good practice of using the General Allocation Fund (DAU) in Payakumbuh Selatan Sub-district, Payakumbuh City. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was conducted using triangulation techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study found that the realization of the use of DAU in the South Payakumbuh Sub-district showed very good performance, with a success rate of 95% in 2023. The process and all activities related to the use of DAU are carried out by the Budget User Authority (KPA), the Activity Technical Implementation Officer (PPTK), the Financial Administration Officer (PPK), the Treasurer, and several personnel who are assigned by each village. Employees in each kelurahan are assigned to succeed in the three focuses of the government through socialization related to stunting, technical guidance related to reducing inflation, and entrepreneurship training. There are several factors that inhibit the use of the DAU program, such as too high a comparison between the unit price listed in the Budget Implementation Document (DPA) and the real price in the field, the lack of personnel in several villages, and the existence of multiple positions that make the work process not optimal.

Diseminasi Snack Ternak Berbahan Baku Lokal (Berakal) Sebagai Solusi Pakan Berkualitas dan Ekonomis di Kabupaten Sigi

Considering the abundance of underutilized local feed materials, particularly large amounts of agricultural waste that have yet to be optimized as a feed source, the production of feed snacks is expected to provide a solution for utilizing this waste. By adding local ingredients such as moringa leaves, which have highly potential nutritional content, the development of these feed snacks is further enhanced. Moringa leaves are a valuable commodity in terms of both their nutritional content and benefits when added to feed formulations, serving to complement the standardized nutrient requirements. Through a technological processing involving silage/fermentation and to facilitate application and increase storage life, the product is formed into snacks. Addressing the ongoing complaints of farmers regarding the need for feed with high protein content at an economical price, the BERAKAL livestock snack emerges as a solution to meet this demand. With an affordable price, it is expected to fulfill the needs of farmers who face a shortage of quality feed compared to commercial concentrates which are relatively more expensive. The methods of socialization and technical guidance typically involve several stages and strategies to enhance the competence and awareness of the community, such as initial socialization, training and technical guidance, and general technical guidance. BERAKAL livestock snacks can increase livestock productivity, leading to increased production of meat, milk, and eggs, and improving the competitiveness of Indonesian livestock products. BERAKAL livestock snacks can enhance the competitiveness of Indonesian livestock products in the global market. The BERAKAL livestock snack program has the potential to provide significant benefits to universities in terms of implementing MBKM and achieving IKU. Some of these benefits include increasing collaboration with industry partners and the community. This program will involve industry partners and the community in the development and marketing of BERAKAL livestock snacks. This collaboration can enhance the university's reputation as a reliable partner in developing products and services that benefit the community.

Application of Hydroponic Systems and Women's Empowerment in Food Security Efforts

Jongbiru Village is one of the villages supported by the State University of Malang which has potential natural resources and human resources that need to be developed optimally to increase village food security. Food security is an effort to eliminate hunger (zero hunger) which is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Currently, hydroponic vegetable plantations have been initiated under the technical guidance of BUMDES Jongbiru Village and Mitra Rotasi Institute. However, BUMDES still faces many obstacles in implementing hydroponics. Therefore, the service team from FEB UM will hold hydroponic vegetable training based on a circular economy that minimizes waste by involving students. It is hoped that after participating in the training and FGD, the participation of residents (especially women) and BUMDES as well as Rotation Institute partners supported by the FEB UM service team will be maximized so that hydroponic vegetable plantations can strengthen the food security of Jongbiru village and its surroundings. This community partnership service focuses on a number of trainings with potential relevance, including the introduction of a circular economy, as well as optimizing BUMDES and the role of women.

Educational chatbot development informed by clinical simulations

ABSTRACT This manuscript introduces an innovative approach to developing educational chatbots informed by clinical simulations to enhance learning experiences. With the rapid interaction of generative AI in education, this work provides a structured process to creating chatbots that simulate interactions for educational purposes. The four development phases, Conceptualization, Protocol Design, Technical Design, and Trials and Revisions are grounded in the foundational practices of clinical simulations. This approach bridges gaps between theory and practical application of emerging technologies while emphasizing the role of humans at the center of AI-enhanced learning. In addition to technical guidance, pedagogical strategies for introducing chatbots to students are provided. This comprehensive framework can provide educators with tools to create and implement dynamic learning tools to create more personalized and immersive experiences.

Research on the Development Height Prediction Model of Water-Conduction Fracture Zones under Conditions of Extremely Thin Coal Seam Mining

Addressing the difficult problem of predicting the height of water-conducting fracture zones in shallow and thin coal seams, a prediction model of water-conduction fracture zones based on a backpropagation (BP) neural network was developed by integrating theoretical analysis, field measurements, and algorithmic advancements. Firstly, through overburden migration analysis and correlation tests, the height index system of the water-conducting fracture zone was determined. This system includes mining height, buried depth, dip angle, working face width, and overburden rock lithology, with five groups of characteristic parameters. Then, 35 pairs of minefield-measured data were collected to establish the measured height data set of the water-conducting fracture zone. Secondly, a BP neural network prediction model and a traditional support vector regression (SVR) prediction model were constructed based on a Pytorch framework, and the models were trained and tested by selecting data sets. Thirdly, the optimal prediction model was determined by comparing the model with the empirical model and multiple regression model of mining regulations for coal pillar maintenance and pressure in buildings, water bodies, railways, and main shafts. Finally, a typical mine was selected for application to verify the suitability of the optimal model. The results show that: (1) the predicted value of the neural network model is consistent with the change trend of the measured value, which accords with the theoretical law; (2) compared with traditional forecasting methods, the error of the BP neural network prediction model is stable and the prediction effect is the best; (3) dropout can effectively mitigate mitigation training overfitting, achieve regularization, and improve prediction accuracy; (4) the field application further verified that the BP neural network model is the best for predicting the height of water-conducting fracture zones of extremely thin coal seams, and the research results can provide technical guidance for similar fragile coal seams.