Technical Examination Research Articles

Repositioning the Sea on the Great Altar of Pergamon: A Demonstration of Hellenistic Boat Construction on the Telephos Frieze

The Telephos frieze of the Great Altar of Pergamon contains a rare testimony of boat construction in the Hellenistic period, portraying specialized tools and working practices in an ancient boatyard. The sculpture documents the building of a small boat, offering rare insight into ancient boatbuilding. The vessel of Auge, mother of the Trojan hero Telephos, is a symmetrical skiff with two rounded ends resembling a coffin, a typology barely evidenced archaeologically. This article notes iconographic idiosyncrasies on the frieze that depart from the principal sources of the Telephos myth in the depiction of the infant accompanying his mother Auge to her watery tomb. To build the boat-coffin shown on the frieze, the trained craftsmen use the bow saw, bow drill, two-handled adze, and mallet and chisel, tools known from shipwrecks but documented only rarely in visual representations. Beyond a close technical examination of these implements, our discussion considers relevant maritime funerary rituals and examines several different ship typologies in relation to the boat depicted on the Telephos frieze. From his mother’s tiny skiff to her son the mythical hero’s mighty warships, their careful portrayal on the altar symbolizes the expansion by Eumenes II (r. 197–159 BCE) of his kingdom into the Aegean.1

Advances in contemporary means to assess exchange-traded financial assets

Evaluation of exchange-traded financial assets fair is regarded as an essential duty in contemporary economics. Nonetheless, the significance of approaches for assessment and anticipation of potential costs is perpetually altering. This article offers a comparative examination of technical and fundamental analysis techniques, revealing their benefits and drawbacks. That features of Fundamental analysis (FA) as income, profit, profitability and the debt burden level are deemed in depth, the extent of their impact on the securities’ price is investigated. Following the study, conclusions are made regarding the progressively narrow utilization of technical examination throughout short-term and investments issue solution. An anticipation is for a more fall of FA significance as the primary technique of evaluation. To acquire those conclusions, the study utilized statistical data reveal the characteristics of exchange-traded assets while organizations got into IPOs. The information acquired demonstrate a vivid relation between the innovation element of businesses, market share and the costs. Meanwhile, the organization profit has eventually deceased to be the primary features of the business over the course of its evaluation. Plus, they investigated the relation between the fairness of exchange-traded asset assessments and quantitative easing (QE) schemes.

Analysis of low resource setting referral pathways to improve coordination and evidence-based services for maternal and child health in Ethiopia.

In low-resource settings, patient referral to a hospital is an essential part of the primary health care system. However, there is a paucity of study to explore the challenges and quality of referral coordination and communication. The purpose of this research was to analyze the existing paper-based referral registration logbook for maternal and child health in general and women of reproductive age in particular, to improve referral coordination and evidence-based services in Low-Resource Settings. This study analyzed the existing paper-based referral registration logbook (RRL) and card-sheet to explore the documentation of the referral management process, and the mechanism and quality of referrals between the health center (Jimma Health Center-case, Ethiopia) and the Hospital. A sample of 459 paper-based records from the referral registration logbook were digitized as part of a retrospective observational study. For data preprocessing, visualization, and analysis, we developed a python-based interactive referral clinical pathway tool. The data collection was conducted from August to October 2019. Jimma Health Center's RRL was used to examine how the referral decision was made and what cases were referred to the next level of care. However, the RRL was incomplete and did not contain the expected referral feedback from the hospital. Hence, we defined a new protocol to investigate the quality of referral. We compared the information in the health center's RRL with the medical records in the hospital to which the patients were referred. A total of 201 medical records of referred patients were examined. A total of 459 and 201 RRL records from the health center and the referred hospital, respectively, were analyzed in the study. Out of 459, 86.5% referred cases were between the age of 20 to 30 years. We found that "better patient management", "further patient management", and "further investigation" were the main health-center referral reasons and decisions. It accounted for 40.08%, 39.22%, and 16.34% of all 459 referrals, respectively. The leading and most common referral cases in the health center were long labor, prolonged first and second stage labor, labor or delivery complicated by fetal heart rate anomaly, preterm newborn, maternal care with breech presentation, premature rupture of membranes, malposition of the uterus, and antepartum hemorrhage. In the hospital RRL and card-sheet, the main referral-in reasons were technical examination, expert advice, further management, and evaluation. We found it overall impossible to match records from the referral logbook in the health center with the patient files in the hospital. Out of 201, only 13.9% of records were perfect matching entries between health center and referred hospital RRL. We found 84%, 14.4%, and 1.6% were appropriate, unnecessary and unknown referrals respectively. The paper illustrates the bottlenecks encountered in the quality assessment of the referrals. We analyzed the current status of the referral pathway, existing communications, guidelines and data quality, as a first step towards an end-to-end effective referral coordination and evidence-based referral service. Accessing, monitoring, and tracking the history of referred patients and referral feedback is challenging with the present paper-based referral coordination and communication system. Overall, the referral services were inadequate, and referral feedback was not automatically delivered, causing unnecessary delays.

Use of a Contest Format for Objective Assessment of Microsurgical Technique: An Observational Study.

Few studies have used simulation models to examine long-term improvement in microsurgical technique. We investigated whether improvement in surgical technique could be assessed by continuous, objective, contest-format evaluation of the same microsurgical task. Since 2014, neurosurgeons with 1-10 years of experience participated in a biannual competition-format test. The task involved creating as many sutures as possible during the 5-minute interval after arteriotomy of a 1-mm artificial vessel. A modified version of the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills examination was created and used. Changes and differences in scores over time were examined for each evaluator. Overall, 103 neurosurgeons participated in the study at least once, and those who participated more than once were divided into two groups: those who had the highest score in each contest and those who had the lowest score. The linear regression equations for the highest and lowest scorers were y=7.62x+81.56 (R2=0.628) and y=1.94x+67.93 (R2=0.0433), respectively. High scorers had high scores from the first time they participated, and their scores tended to increase further, while scores for low scorers tended not to increase with additional experience. Scores for the four evaluators did not significantly differ. Our results suggest that technical improvement in surgery can be assessed by long-term, continuous evaluation of microsurgical technique and that the present evaluation system might help increase surgical safety.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАКЦІЇ ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ ГІБРИБІВ ЖИТА ОЗИМОГО (SECALE CEREALE L.) НА АГРОКЛІМАТИЧНІ УМОВИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

Topicality. Adaptive properties and the plant resistance to adverse environmental factors greatly influence obtaining a high and stable yield, especially in adverse and extreme weather conditions. Issues. The introduction of modern Ukrainian varieties of winter rye with high adaptive properties makes it possible to solve the problem of stabilization of grain yield and production. Aim. To determine the adaptive potential of the best cytoplasmic male sterile hybrids in the environmental variety testing system. Material and methods. The initial material for research was varieties, hybrids and lines of winter rye with recessive control of stem length, donors of self-fertility and cytoplasmic male sterility from the collection of the Verkhniachka Research and Breeding Station at the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beets NAAS Ukraine. We have performed the research according to generally accepted methods. The response degree of genotypes to the variability of environmental conditions and the breeding value of hybrids were characterized by the coefficient of ecological plasticity b1. Results.The influence of climatic conditions on the winter rye yield was studied and the assessment of ecological plasticity and stability of hybrids was given. Based on the results of research, it is possible to recommend for cultivation of winter rye hybrids which give a stable yield regardless of weather conditions and with regression coefficient of not less than 1.0 and a minimum mean deviation from the regression line. Conclusions. During 2015–2019, approbation of hybrids was carried out in 8 regional State centers for plant variety examination of Ukraine. According to the results of the State Scientific and Technical Examination, Wals hybrid was included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Spreading in Ukraine since 2020 and was recommended for cultivation in the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Key words: winter rye, hybrid, growing environment, ecological plasticity, yield.

Current Problems of the Forensic Analysis of Handwriting and Signatures Made with Modern Technical Means

The author considers one of the topical issues of forensic handwriting examination and forensic technical examination of documents – analysis of handwriting objects made using modern technical means: plotter, 3D printer, robotic hand.The author reviews the main publications on this topic, analyzes some methods for identifying such handwriting objects, systemizes the features helping to detect them. He also pays special attention to complex situations that occur in expert practice.The given recommendations on the work with handwriting objects made with modern technical means, their comprehensive analysis by handwriting experts and expert technicians will contribute to improving the quality of training of experts in these specialties.

FEATURES OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN THE CONDUCT OF FORENSIC FIRE AND TECHNICAL EXAMINATION

The article deals with the formation of the organizational and methodological foundations for conducting fire-technical examinations carried out within the framework of administrative cases at the suit of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures in the form of a complete or partial suspension of the operation of inspection objects. It has been established that there are no clear assessment criteria for violations of norms and rules that determine the degree of threat to life and health of people as a result of exposure to fire hazards. The specified uncertainty causes the doubtfulness of evidence and limits the possibility of making procedural decisions when considering administrative cases regarding the implementation of response measures by supervisory (control) bodies. In accordance with the established by judicial practice, it becomes necessary to form sufficient evidence in a public law dispute using special knowledge in the field of fire safety through the adoption of decisions on the appointment of forensic fire and technical examinations. At the same time, a scientifically-based approach to conducting this kind of a fire-technical examination has not been established. The problems of scientific and technical support of expert research are defined. The purpose, subject, object, tasks, algorithm, and research methods are formed. The basis of the proposed organizational and methodological approach to conducting fire-technical examinations is the algorithm of expert studies aimed at improving evidence-based information. The dialectical methods of expert research and the method of mathematical modeling are defined and proposed as tools for scientific and technical support of fire-technical expertise. The necessity of consistent integration into forensic activities of innovative approaches and technologies, which is the method of mathematical modeling, is substantiated. The necessity of introducing a procedural procedure (a mechanism) of expert research is substantiated in order to ensure the staging, the legality of the formation of an expert opinion as evidence in an administrative case at the claim of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures. The need for further scientific research aimed at improving the activities of scientific and technical support of fire-technical examinations through the development, formation, and introduction into expert practice of the methodology for conducting relevant expert research has been proved. Key words: fire-technical examination, fire safety, life/health, research methods, evidence, response measures, supervision (control).

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF FIRE AND TECHNICAL EXAMINATIONS ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE CLAIMS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RESPONSE MEASURES

The article deals with the formation of the organizational and methodological foundations for conducting fire-technical examinations carried out within the framework of administrative cases at the suit of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures in the form of a complete or partial suspension of the operation of inspection objects. It has been established that there are no clear assessment criteria for violations of norms and rules that determine the degree of threat to life and health of people as a result of exposure to fire hazards. The specified uncertainty causes the doubtfulness of evidence and limits the possibility of making procedural decisions when considering administrative cases regarding the implementation of response measures by supervisory (control) bodies. In accordance with the established by judicial practice, it becomes necessary to form sufficient evidence in a public law dispute using special knowledge in the field of fire safety through the adoption of decisions on the appointment of forensic fire and technical examinations. At the same time, a scientifically-based approach to conducting this kind of a fire-technical examination has not been established. The problems of scientific and technical support of expert research are defined. The purpose, subject, object, tasks, algorithm, and research methods are formed. The basis of the proposed organizational and methodological approach to conducting fire-technical examinations is the algorithm of expert studies aimed at improving evidence-based information. The dialectical methods of expert research and the method of mathematical modeling are defined and proposed as tools for scientific and technical support of fire-technical expertise. The necessity of consistent integration into forensic activities of innovative approaches and technologies, which is the method of mathematical modeling, is substantiated. The necessity of introducing a procedural procedure (a mechanism) of expert research is substantiated in order to ensure the staging, the legality of the formation of an expert opinion as evidence in an administrative case at the claim of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures. The need for further scientific research aimed at improving the activities of scientific and technical support of fire-technical examinations through the development, formation, and introduction into expert practice of the methodology for conducting relevant expert research has been proved. Key words: fire-technical examination, fire safety, life/health, research methods, evidence, response measures, supervision (control).

THE NEED TO CHANGE THE CONCEPT OF THE MOMENT OF DANGER OF TRAFFIC IN THE RULES OF THE TRAFFIC IN UKRAINE

Approaches to the decision of a question of the establishment of the moment of occurrence of danger to movement at a performance of auto technical examinations are analyzed. The necessity to change the concept of the moment of danger in the Rules of the Road of Ukraine is substantiated. When conducting forensic autotechnical examinations of the circumstances and mechanism of traffic accidents, one of the main components is the study of the technical feasibility of preventing a traffic accident from the moment a danger arises for traffic, which directly affects the assessment of compliance with the Rules of the Road on the roads of Ukraine. causal relationships between their actions and the occurrence of an accident. At present, there are no common and generally accepted approaches to determining the moment of danger to traffic, which causes difficulties in the appointment and conduct of technical examinations. Key words: rules of the road, danger to traffic, auto technical examination, moment of danger.

With the New Challenges of COVID- 19, Can We Depend Entirely on Online Learning for Higher Education in the Medical Schools?

BackgroundDue to the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education has gone online. Human anatomy is a three-dimensional subject that requires a clear understanding of the relationships between structures through the study of human cadavers, microscopic samples, and models.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the attitudes and perceptions of students regarding teaching anatomy before and after the lockdown period and ways of improving the challenges they faced.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at AL Imam University School of Medicine. Structured surveys were designed to understand students’ attitudes and opinions towards offline versus online teaching of anatomy and suggestions to improve the online teaching process.ResultsThe mean attitude scores for the conventional lectures, seminars, and practical sessions were significantly higher. Students expressed positive attitudes towards the three teaching modules. Students agreed that themes related to computer skills and technical Internet infrastructure (71.55%) and administrative procedures (61.74%) are essential for improving the online teaching process.ConclusionConventional learning is the main target of student learning. Improvements in computer skills, technical Internet infrastructure, learning resources, staff communication, examinations, and development of blended learning will enrich the learning process, especially during the impending challenges.

Evaluation of an online teacher-made test through blackboard in an English as a foreign language writing context

The significance of this study is to improve the assessment quality of future online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing tests through Blackboard, a learning management system (LMS), and to avert any potential inclusion of odd items. This study aims to examine the Blackboard (Bb) test quality at the Preparatory Year Program (PYP) in an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) writing course using item analysis and a questionnaire of EFL teachers’ practices for constructing a good quality test. To achieve the study objectives, 30 objective-type questions from the final Technical Writing course examination, attempted by 97 level two preparatory year students, were analyzed to check three indices: difficulty index, discrimination index, and distractor efficiency. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to rate the EFL teachers’ (N=50) practices of constructing their technical writing test for the final examination in terms of good quality test norms. The item analysis has shown that the test proved to be valid and reliable; however, it was easy. Many items had no discrimination indices, and many distractors were not functioning. The analysis of the questionnaire data showed that there was a high level of commitment by the EFL teachers to apply the required norms for constructing a good quality language test. Genders and teaching experience had no significant differences in the EFL teachers’ degree of the test norms employment. In the light of the findings, recommendations and further research are suggested.
 
 Keywords: Blackboard, evaluation, good quality test, Saudi EFL writing context, teacher-made test

Modus Operandi of the Crime as a System-Forming Element of the Criminalistic Description of Crimes Connected with Altering Identification Marks on Vehicles

The system of actions of a person (or persons) involved in unlawful activities of preparing, committing and hiding a criminal act is traditionally called modus operandi in criminalistic publications, it is the basic and one of the most informative elements of the criminalistic description of crimes connected with altering vehicle identification marks (further — VIM). The author analyzed the practice of law enforcement, specialized publications and vehicle technical examinations of VIMs to find and describe 22 methods of altering VIMs, which are then used to single out key features testifying that the initial identifications marks of a vehicle have been altered. Besides, the author found an interconnection and interdependence between the modus operandi of the crime, the object of criminal infringement and the personality of the criminal, which will undoubtedly facilitate the process of proposing and verifying typical investigation leads.

Застосування нечіткої нейронної мережі для визначення інформативності факторів впливу на реалізацію зчіпної здатності дороги і шини

The task of assessing the traction of the road and tires is one of the most relevant in the technical examination of road accidents, as the results of its solution directly affect the assessment of the effectiveness of braking of wheeled vehicles, as the main method of preventing road accidents on motor transport. In the presence of such damage to the vehicle, which makes it impossible to conduct road tests, the expert has to use outdated calculation methods. This contributes to errors and increases the uncertainty of the data on which expert opinions are formed.The paper proposes ways to improve existing approaches to estimating the adhesion factor and indicators of braking efficiency of vehicles in the automotive examination of accidents in the presence of compositional (stochastic and fuzzy) uncertainty. Analysis of the use of mathematical methods in the practice of accident investigation showed that in the absence of the possibility of using traditional mathematical methods based on the detection of accurate quantitative relationships, to study accidents in uncertainty, it is advisable to use approximate modeling methods based on fuzzy (continuous) logics. The results of the study of the braking efficiency of vehicles of category M1 in operating conditions and the results of the evaluation of the informativeness of the factors influencing the adhesion factor, using the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox of the Matlab computing environment were used to the choice and substantiation of the method of estimating the coupling qualities of car tires in the study of road accidents in conditions of uncertainty. As a result, it was found that the improvement of existing approaches to estimating the adhesion factor and efficiency of vehicle braking in autotechnical examination of road accidents in the presence of compositional uncertainty can be achieved through the use of simple ANFIS models that provide better generalizing properties

Block­Module for the Surface Application of Biologies to Mountain Meadows and Pastures

It was shown that the constant use of mountain meadows and pastures leads to soil depletion and deterioration. Liquid microorganisms-based biologies are considered to contribute to the soil fertility restoration. It has been revealed that there is a lack of serial samples of small-sized maneuverable machines for small contour areas, which could superficially apply solutions of biologies to mountain meadows and pastures.Research purpose To develop and manufacture a laboratory model of the unit for the mountainous area based on the Feng Shou 180 mini-tractor, which could reduce the slope areas degradation processes.Materials and methods A laboratory sample of the machine has been substantiated and developed. Its design is adapted to work with degraded soils in the mountains with a slope of cultivated areas up to 15 degrees. The technology was tested in the mountainous zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania at an altitude of 1540 meters above sea level. A technical examination of a laboratory sample of a block module for biologies surface application was carried out according to the adopted standards.Results and discussion A block-module has been developed for biologies surface application to mountain meadows and pastures. It was identified that the unit laboratory sample complies with the agrotechnical requirements and the terms of reference. The following necessary parameters were calculated: tank capacity is 300 liters, application rate is 0.109 liters per second, pipeline diameter is 12 millimeters. It was determined that the use of the block-module increased the yield of perennial grasses in the mountain zone by 15-20 percent in one year, made it possible to strengthen the turf, which will prevent the development of water and wind erosion in the future.

Peculiarities of Application of Mathematical Modeling Methods in Forensic Fire and Technical Expertise in the Study of the Dynamics of Fire Hazards

The paper deals with the issues of law enforcement of methods (techniques) of mathematical modeling within the framework of forensic fire technical examinations in the study of the dynamics of fire hazards. The normative documents in the field of technical regulation, containing calculation methods and techniques, and their application in modern conditions in the framework of the production of forensic fire technical examinations are analyzed. The issue of admissibility, degree of accuracy and the scope of techniques (methods), as well as the use of probabilistic calculation results in the production of forensic examinations is considered. To eliminate doubts and controversial issues regarding the use of typical initial data and the correct choice of mathematical models, it is proposed to conduct an extended comparative study on various fires, taking into account the analysis of reliable data obtained during the investigation of fire cases. The paper discusses the issues of validation of the methodology for determining the dangerous factors of a fire and calculating the probability of evacuation of people within the framework of a forensic fire-technical examination.

Palmyrene Polychromy: Investigations of Funerary Portraits from Palmyra in the Collections of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen

The current study is the first comprehensive investigation of the polychromy of Palmyrene funerary portraits. It presents the technical examinations of six portraits (ca. 150–250 CE) from the collection of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, illustrating the marvellous splendour of the cultural heritage of ancient Palmyra. The six portraits were examined with various analytical methods, including microscopy, ultraviolet-induced visible fluorescence imaging and visible light-induced infrared luminescence imaging, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Finally, two samples were collected for liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to obtain the amino acid sequence information. Various pigments were detected in the polychromy including lapis lazuli, pyromorphite, mimetite, yellow ochre, red ochre, a red lake, lead carbonate, zinc oxide, bone black, and charcoal black. The proteinaceous binding medium was identified as collagen-based and possibly also keratin-based animal glue. The examinations of the Palmyrene portraits in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek have proven that these artefacts, despite their current uniform, white appearance, originally presented themselves in a wealth of colours. This is illustrated by the digital reconstructions carried out of two of the examined portraits, which show how the original painting of these portraits would have given them an entirely different expression from what we see today.

RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MOVEMENT MECHANISM ON THE RESOURCE OF METAL STRUCTURES OF OVERHEAD CRANES OF SEAPORTS

Overhead cranes are widely used when performing reloading operations on closed ones (fig.1) and open warehouses of sea and river ports. Since they are a link in the technological process, the productivity of Port lines depends on their reliable and continuous operation. Overtime and long term operation of metal structures of overhead cranes in the mode of intensive cyclic loading leads to the formation of fatigue defects and subsequent failure of components and accidents. The main criterion for achieving the maximum condition of metal structures is considered to be the development of its resource, and their technical diagnostics and expert examination remain the method of establishing the real condition of cranes. The paper presents the results of studies of overhead cranes that are operated in closed warehouses of seaports. The 8 bridge cranes of the same type were selected for research, with a load capacity of 10 tons, which are made of ВСтЗсп5 steel, operate in Hook mode and operate in closed warehouses of ports. The crane travel path did not exceed 24 m. To assess the stress-strain state of metal structures of end beams, the method of magnetic (coercimetric) monitoring using a КРМ-Ц-К2М magnetic structuroscope was used. The measurements were carried out over three years, with a frequency of 1 time per year. On the metal structure of the crane, it was necessary to select the area where the force effect on the metal was the least during operation, and the values of the coercive force (a/CM) were measured. The obtained values are comparable to the passport values, the difference did not exceed 10%.. Experimentally, it was found that the most loaded node of the overhead crane is the end beams, since they have the greatest amount of damage. It was found that the greatest stresses occur in the attachment point of the corner axle boxes of the running wheels on the end beams, which are affected by vertical loads and transverse horizontal forces that occur when the crane moves. Two cranes have been found to have emergency cracks, so they need to be repaired or replaced. To obtain objective information, it is necessary to periodically monitor and regularly enter the NS value in the work log, while noting the actual values and intensity of the load.

Degradation of historical paper induced by synchrotron X-ray technical examination

Degradation of historical paper induced by synchrotron X-ray technical examination

The interplay of chronic stress and genetic traits discriminates between patients suffering from multisomatoform disorder with pain as the leading symptom and matched controls

ObjectiveSomatoform disorders and functional somatic syndromes (FSS) with symptoms that are not sufficiently explained by physical or technical examination are among the most challenging underlying causes. Many different somatoform disorders and FSS have overlapping symptoms, often with pain as the most prevalent one, leading to a high burden of disease. The concept of multisomatoform disorder (MSD) has been developed to acknowledge that fact. We analyzed a group of 151 patients and 149 matched controls to identify interactions of genetic and environmental factors with a possible influence on the development of MSD. DesignIn a retrospective case-control study, we performed a statistical analysis on 151 patients and 149 matched controls using logistic regression and a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. ResultsThe logistic regression analysis of genes and environmental factors demonstrated significant differences in the results of the Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress (TICS) questionnaire, the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1800955 of the dopamine receptor D4 and the single nucleotide polymorphism rs4818 of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase between patients with MSD and healthy controls. The resulting decision tree of the CART analysis determined that the TICS questionnaire was able to differentiate patients and controls most accurately, followed by certain genotypes of the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A and a single nucleotide polymorphism of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase. ConclusionsThe results of the statistical analysis identified a gene-environmental interaction possibly leading to MSD. The resulting identifiers could be used as a reference to inform diagnostic algorithms to easier identify patients suffering from MSD.

The Durability Test on The Potential of Single Rattan Fibres

Currently, rattan yarns are used in the furniture business because they are widely accessible, economical, non-hazardous to health, and biodegradable to the environment; hence, by using it as a composite material scattering fibre, it will be able to solve the environmental problem in the future. The purpose of this study was to get a technical examination of the tensile strength of rattan single fibre composite reinforced unsaturated thermoset resin. The goal of this study is to determine the tensile strength composite of rattan single fibre with varied fibre diameter sizes ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm maximum. The specimen trial result is served in tensile strength when compared to the tensile strength authorised by ASTM as a theory of standardisation test. From the resulting study, we found the maximum of tensile strength and maximum impact has got by composite with 5 mm diameter. The morphology of surface composition was examined using optical microscopy (OM).