Technical Engineering Research Articles

The Flood Resilience Challenge serious role-playing game as an online education and engagement tool in a large engineering class

Complex socio-environmental problems, such as flooding, cannot be adequately addressed through technical engineering solutions alone. Limited curricular opportunities exist for engineering students to understand and gain skills towards working collaboratively to address such problems. To enhance engineering students’ learning on flooding and engagement in the classroom, they participated in the Flood Resilience Challenge (FRC) serious role-playing game. This research investigates two main hypotheses. First, the FRC game is effective in helping students’ meet their learning objectives: (a) Increase flood literacy; (b) Better understand differing flood stakeholders’ views and power; and (c) Make connections between the game and real-life. Second, the FRC role-playing game will increase students’ engagement in the classroom through experiential learning. These hypotheses were tested using pre-game and post-game questionnaires, and a debrief. The findings suggest that the FRC game is an effective teaching-learning tool for enhancing engineering students’ understanding of the socio-environmental complexities of flooding issues. Students also reported that the FRC game, as an experiential learning tool, is more effective than traditional approaches to engineering education, such as lectures and readings. The research findings on the FRC game have relevance for a range of disciplines focusing on complex socio-environmental problems and as a tool to provide engaging online educational activities.

Manajemen risiko pada industri batu bara

Background: The coal industry has a high potential risk of work accidents and occupational diseases, therefore implementing risk management is important to maintain work safety and health. This paper aims to analyze the application of risk management based on ISO 31000 in the coal industry. Methods: This paper uses a literature study method, which is sourced from literature such as scientific articles, books, journals and online media. Findings: Risk management methods begin with establishing the internal and external context of the coal industry. Next, hazards and risks are identified at all stages of the coal production process, from land clearing, soil transportation, rock excavation, to coal transportation and storage. Conclusion: The identification results are analyzed using a likelihood and consequence matrix to determine the level of risk. Unacceptable risks are further evaluated and appropriate controls recommended. Control is carried out by technical engineering, administration and the use of personal protective equipment. The entire risk management process needs to be monitored and reviewed regularly. Implementing a risk management system in the coal industry can reduce work accident rates and improve production quality.

Experimental Study of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using Hydrogen at High-Altitude Conditions

One of the key factors of the current energy transition is the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel in energy transformation technologies. This fuel has the advantage of being produced from the most primary forms of energy and has the potential to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In recent years, hydrogen or hydrogen-rich mixtures in internal combustion engines (ICEs) have gained popularity, with numerous reports documenting their use in spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines have the potential for substantial reductions in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions, and the use of hydrogen along with this kind of combustion could substantially reduce CO2 emissions. However, there have been few reports using hydrogen in HCCI engines, with most studies limited to evaluating technical feasibility, combustion characteristics, engine performance, and emissions in laboratory settings at sea level. This paper presents a study of HCCI combustion using hydrogen in a stationary air-cooled Lombardini 25 LD 425-2 modified diesel engine located at 1495 m above sea level. An experimental phase was conducted to determine the intake temperature requirements and equivalence ratios for stable HCCI combustion. These results were compared with previous research carried out at sea level. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first report on the combustion and operational limits for an HCCI engine fueled with hydrogen under the mentioned specific conditions. Equivalence ratios between 0.21 and 0.28 and intake temperatures between 188 °C and 235 °C effectively achieved the HCCI combustion. These temperature values were, on average, 100 °C higher than those reported in previous studies. The maximum value for the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEPn) was 1.75 bar, and the maximum thermal efficiency (ITEn) was 34.5%. The achieved results are important for the design and implementation of HCCI engines running solely on hydrogen in developing countries located at high altitudes above sea level.

Using collaborative autoethnography to investigate mentoring relationships for novice engineering education researchers

Abstract Background The National Science Foundation Research Initiation in Engineering Formation (RIEF) program aims to increase research capacity in the field by providing funding for technical engineering faculty to learn to conduct engineering education research through mentorship by an experienced social science researcher. We use collaborative autoethnography to study the tripartite RIEF mentoring relationship between Julie, an experienced engineering education researcher, and two novice education researchers who have backgrounds in biomedical engineering—Paul, a biomedical engineering faculty member and major professor to the second novice, Deepthi, a graduate student. We ground our work in the cognitive apprenticeship model and Eby and colleagues’ mentoring model. Results Using data from written reflections and interviews, we explored the role of instrumental and psychosocial supports in our mentoring relationship. In particular, we noted how elements of cognitive apprenticeship such as scaffolding and gradual fading of instrumental supports helped Paul and Deepthi learn qualitative research skills that differed drastically from their biomedical engineering research expertise. We initially conceptualized our tripartite relationship as one where Julie mentored Paul and Paul subsequently mentored Deepthi. Ultimately, we realized that this model was unrealistic because Paul did not yet possess the social science research expertise to mentor another novice. As a result, we changed our model so that Julie mentored both Paul and Deepthi directly. While our mentoring relationship was overall very positive, it has included many moments of miscommunication and misunderstanding. We draw on Lent and Lopez’s idea of relation-inferred self-efficacy to explain some of these missed opportunities for communication and understanding. Conclusions This paper contributes to the literature on engineering education capacity building by studying mentoring as a mechanism to support technically trained researchers in learning to conduct engineering education research. Our initial mentoring model failed to take into account how challenging it is for mentees to make the paradigm shift from technical engineering to social science research and how that would affect Paul’s ability to mentor Deepthi. Our experiences have implications for expanding research capacity because they raise practical and conceptual issues for experienced and novice engineering education researchers to consider as they form mentoring relationships.

Initial experience, safety, and feasibility using remote access or onsite technical support for complex ablation procedures: results of the REMOTE study.

Electroanatomical mapping (EAM) systems are essential for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. The EAM system is usually operated by qualified staff or field technical engineers from the control room. Novel remote support technology allows for remote access of EAM via online services. Remote access increases the flexibility of the electrophysiological lab, reduces travel time, and overcomes hospital access limitations especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we report on the feasibility and safety of EAM remote access for cardiac ablation procedures. Mapping and ablation were achieved by combining the EnsiteX™ EAM system and the integrated Ensite™ Connect Remote Support software, together with an integrated audiovisual solution system for remote support (Medinbox). Communication between the operator and the remote support was achieved using an incorporated internet-based common communication platform (Zoom™), headphones, and high-resolution cameras. We investigated 50 remote access-assisted consecutive electrophysiological procedures from September 2022 to February 2023 (remote group). The data were compared with matched patients (n = 50) with onsite support from the control room (control group). The median procedure time was 100 min (76, 120; remote) vs. 86 min (60, 110; control), P = 0.090. The procedural success (both groups 100%, P = 0.999) and complication rate (remote: 2%, control: 0%, P = 0.553) were comparable between the groups. Travel burden could be reduced by 11 280 km. Remote access for EAM was feasible and safe in this single-centre study. Procedural data were comparable to procedures with onsite support. In the future, this new solution might have a great impact on facilitating electrophysiological procedures.

Work accident viewed on counterproductive work behavior: The case study of PT. Pertamina

Work accidents occurred upstream and downstream company project activities. PT. Pertamina would be one of the causes of disruption or cessation of project work activities. The risk of failure always existed in every work activity, and when a work accident occured, no matter how small, it could result in detrimental effects, therefore as much as possible and as early as possible, potential work accidents must be prevented or at least reduced in their impact. The lack of knowledge about occupational safety and health was largely due to the belief that occupational safety and health programs would be an additional burden on company costs, even though if we took into account the amount of compensation and compensation funds for work accident victims were smaller than the profits. This research aimed to identify and analyze the occurrence of work accidents at PT. Pertamina in terms of counterproductive work behavior. The approach used in this research was a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The results of the research concluded that the adoption of counterproductive work behavior was starting to be widely implemented in the field of occupational safety and health in order to minimize the number of work accidents and prevention of work accidents could be carried out using methods of elimination, substitution, technical engineering, administrative control and the used of personal protective equipment for workers.

The Renewable Energy course at the Technical Engineering School of Barcelona

A “Renewable Energy Course” has been offered for several years at the Technical Engineering School of Barcelona (EUETIB). This paper reports on our experience as teachers of the “Renewable Energy Course”. The course program and its methodology are also described. The main objectives of the course “Renewable Energy ” are to allow engineering students to learn fundamentals and essentials on Renewable Energy, the present situation on Renewable Energy in Catalonia and what kinds of renewable energy are basically used in Barcelona. Due to “Ordenança Municipal de Medi Ambient Urbà” we decided pay attention especially on Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (SDHWS). The aim of our paper is to share our experience on: - What kind of knowledge we considered the most reasonable for a course on renewable energy. - What kind of methodology we used during the course.

Case Study on Advanced Hoisting, Positioning, and Control Techniques for Non-Standard Pier Construction in the Quanli-Dongfeng Viaduct Project

This study, reliant on practical projects, conducts an in-depth analysis of key technologies amid the construction of prefabricated viaducts. The primary focus is on the integrated hoisting, positioning, and control techniques for the bridge abutments and pier columns, culminating in a proposal of an innovative integrated and prefabricated construction approach. This approach optimizes the construction process and methods by factoring in the structural characteristics of different types of pier columns and addressing construction challenges. Simultaneously, it underscores the significance of material selection, prefabricated component design, and innovative construction techniques. The study also explores on-site management and quality control strategies to ensure the efficiency and safety of the construction process. The research indicates that this approach significantly improves construction efficiency, reduces safety risks, and solidly guarantees structural quality. These findings offer crucial theoretical and practical guidance for advancing the industrialization, modularization, and innovative development of construction techniques in bridge construction. They contribute to the continual optimization of technical innovation and engineering practices in the field of bridge construction.

Environmental implications of styrofoam waste and its utilization as lightweight fill material for embankment construction

This study investigates the adverse effects of styrofoam waste on the environment due to its non-biodegradable nature and persistence in natural ecosystems, encompassing issues such as visual pollution, habitat disruption, and potential health risks to flora and fauna. The research also delves into the feasibility of repurposing styrofoam waste as a lightweight fill material in embankment construction, aiming to improve the performance of such structures, with the primary objective of augmenting the structural performance of such constructions. The paper conducts an extensive assessment of the technical properties and engineering characteristics of a soil-styrofoam mixture. Key parameters under scrutiny encompass density, shear strength, and bearing capacity behaviors. Various proportions of styrofoam, specifically 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% by weight, were systematically incorporated into the soil mixture. Based on this study, the use of styrofoam can reduce the maximum dry density of the soil mixture, but still has the desired bearing capacity. These results indicate that the reuse of Styrofoam waste as an additional material in embankment construction has great potential to improve the performance and sustainability of embankment projects.

Explosion risk assessment - an important chapter of the explosion protection document

In order to improve the safety and health protection of workers who may be exposed to a potential risk due to explosive atmospheres, in every industrial area where such atmospheres may occur, the employer shall ensure the development and updating of a document called Explosion Protection Document. The main chapter of this document is the Explosion Risk Assessment. Risk assessment is a complex process that involves identifying the risk, analyzing the risk and estimating the risk, the main purpose of assessing the level of risk being to establish the necessary protection measures to reduce it to acceptable levels. This paper identifies the factors that may influence the level of risk of explosions in the workplace in order to establish the protection measures required to reduce the risk to acceptable levels. Explosion risk assessment must be performed by competent persons with knowledge of technical, electrical and mechanical engineering and who understand the general principles of explosion protection.

Individual-organizational construction of research from the opinions of faculty members

Factors affecting the educational and research activities of university faculty members is a particularly interesting and controversial topic that has led to numerous researches. The present study was also conducted in order to analyze the opinion of faculty members about research activities in Mohaghegh Ardabili University. In order to collect the findings using interviews, the opinions of experienced and leading research faculty members were analyzed. the participants were 15 faculty members of different fields in three groups of basic sciences, humanities and technical engineering of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. Therefore, in this research, it was tried to select the studied sample from among the policy makers of the relevant fields of the scientific system, faculty members with group management experience, experts and specialists in the research subject, faculty members' research performance evaluation units, faculty members with management experience at the college and university level. , because these people, as cases rich in information and experiences, provide the best background for in-depth studies. The use of a specific method of data analysis in this approach led to the construction of a basic theme called "individual-social structure of research" based on which the proposed model is designed to describe the factors affecting the research activities of faculty members. The formation of research activities was investigated and analyzed under the influence of five general factors of personal and professional skills, academic conditions, facilitating strategies, organization-oriented structures and extra-organizational structures. Each of these factors as the main theme also included sub-themes. By reviewing the themes, among the main themes obtained, "individual-organizational construction of research" was identified as the central idea and related to other themes. Although individual factors are at the disposal of researchers and they are trying to increase their personal and professional characteristics such as learning skills, performing job duties and increasing scientific literacy in order to conduct research, but until the organizational factors that are in It is not within their scope to facilitate research, one cannot expect scientific and research growth and development.

Preface

This volume of “IOP Conference Series: Material Science and Engineering” contains the selected papers presented at the 14th International Conference on Development and Modernization of Manufacturing (RIM 2023), which was held in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) from 20th to 22nd September 2023.Since 1997, the Faculty of Technical Engineering of the University of Bihać has successfully organized and held 14 international scientific conferences RIM on a bi-annual basis in 4 different countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Egypt, and Montenegro. The main goal of the Conference is to bring together international scientists, engineers, industrialists, and experts providing them a unique platform for sharing new ideas and the recent developments in various areas of engineering.The papers of this volume are related to the following thematic areas:• Mechanical Engineering,• Wood Products Engineering and Design,• Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,• Technologies and Structures in Civil Engineering.The Organization Committee of the RIM 2023 conference would like to thank all the authors who contributed to this volume as well as to the reviewers, invited speakers, and all conference participants.List of Editors, Organization Committee, Scientific Committee, names of reviewers are available in this Pdf.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous• Conference submission management system: Morressier• Number of submissions received: 56• Number of submissions sent for review: 51• Number of submissions accepted: 34• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 60.7 %• Average number of reviews per paper: 2• Total number of reviewers involved: 57• Contact person for queries: Aladin Crnkić, PhD; Faculty of Technical Engineering, University of Bihać; Irfana Ljubijankića bb, 77000 Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina; aladin.crnkic@unbi.ba

Exploring technical college student’s collaborative problem solving and teamwork skills in multi-educational level engineering design teams

ABSTRACT Manufacturing engineers work in teams with a wide range of skills and credentials. Teamwork and collaborative problem solving (CPS) skills enable higher productivity and efficiency. However, these skills are largely absent from engineering education curricula and research in contexts involving multi-educational teams inclusive of technical college engineering students. We address this gap in research and practice through a qualitative case study exploring the contributions, experiences, and perspectives of technical college students working in multi-educational level teams to solve real-world engineering manufacturing problems. Data analyses resulted in six themes: (1) positive team culture, (2) valuing industry skills, (3) sharing responsibilities to iteratively make changes, (4) applying technical roles, (5) peer interactions, and (6) career preparation. Technical college students’ perceptions of challenges and successes are also discussed. Results imply that to effectively promote CPS and teamwork in similar contexts educators and industry leaders should consider the importance of (1) valuing students’/workers’ current professional identities while promoting productive conflict, (2) respecting differing team roles while encouraging skill development, and (3) fostering future career skills.

Software Engineering Education for Technical Engineering Degrees: A Comparison With the Needs of Robotics Software Engineering Education

Software Engineering Education for Technical Engineering Degrees: A Comparison With the Needs of Robotics Software Engineering Education

Application of the method of insignificant divergences to diagnose the technical aircraft gas turbine engine state under the transient-state conditions of its operation

The article deals with issues related to the use of parametric information of the transient-state gas turbine engines (GTE) operation conditions for diagnosing their technical condition during the operation. A review of general approaches to computational algorithms for the recognition and classification of the condition applicable to aircraft GTE has been carried out. The significance of analytical models in modern algorithms for assessing the technical GTE condition is emphasized. The construction of a linearized mathematical model for the transient-state condition of the generalized-scheme aircraft GTE operation has been considered. It represents a system of equations analytically combining the relative parameter divergences measured during the engine operation with the relative divergences of unmeasured thermogasdynamic parameters and geometric gas-air flow duct parameters allowing for the technical condition of gas-air channel elements to be classified. A method for constructing mathematical and diagnostic engine models, using the transient response data, has been formulated. The capability of employing a method of insignificant divergences, used to build linear (linearized) mathematical and diagnostic GTE models for the steady-state conditions of its operation, has been demonstrated as well. It is shown that, despite the structural similarity of linear models of the steady and transient-state processes, diagnostics by means of the stated above processes is based on completely different principles – under the steady-state condition, the classification of a technical condition is determined by the variation in the value of the group of controlled responses, and under the transient-state condition, this operation is based on correlating the change in the transient-state behavior. To ensure the versatility of employing proposed methods regarding various GTE designs installed on modern civil aircraft, a generalized-design aircraft GTE model – a three-shaft bypass turbojet engine with mixing flows in a common jet nozzle, has been considered.

Ignorance of Local Needs in Construction of New Houses of the Earthquake Hit Dalit Community in Central Nepal

This article asserts ignorance of local knowledge system, need, social, and cultural settings in construction of earthquake resilient houses in Dalit community. Dalit communities are considered as economically backward ethnic caste group in Nepal. The article is based on the field study carried out in Dhading district of Bagmati Province. The guiding theoretical framework of the study is the anthropology of disaster focusing on resilience through holistic approach to reveal undermining of local contexts in reconstruction of private houses. The methodological approach consists of qualitative research tools supplemented by household census.
 As part of earthquake resilient house construction, the government of Nepal provided cash grant support to the families with severely damaged houses. Such families identified as red card holders. Findings of the study clearly reveal that the cash support is not enough to address the local social and cultural needs of Dalits in construction of houses. There is heterogeneity in Dalit communities in terms of social cultural bonding, social relations, and economic status. The cash support in the lump sum basis under the blanket policy approach regardless of household income, family background, and economic status hardly address the local contexts. Most importantly, the construction process highly concentrated on building of house structures in the prescribed standards of the government focusing on technical engineering rather than accommodation of local settings and needs.

Analysis of Control Technology for Large Deformation of a Geological Bedding Bias Tunnel with Weakly Cemented Surrounding Rock

The Baishitou Tunnel of the Dali–Lincang railway project is a weakly cemented surrounding rock tunnel with geological bedding bias. The deformation of the surrounding rock on the side with the greatest stress is nearly 1 m, which seriously affects construction progress and significantly increases construction cost. In order to achieve the goal of safe, efficient, economic, and socially sustainable development in tunnel construction, it is necessary to study the large deformation of weakly cemented surrounding rock in the geological bedding bias tunnel. Engineering technicians first used field measurement methods to monitor the pressure and deformation of surrounding rock and studied the deformation law of surrounding rock pressure and deformation over time. Secondly, numerical simulation methods were used to study the stress distribution law, plastic failure depth, and initial support stress of tunnel-surrounding rock under different support schemes, and they independently designed a yielding anchor bolt with enhanced anchoring, which plays a key role in controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Through the analysis of the measured pressure data of the initial branch of the section and the displacement monitoring data of the measuring point, it is found that the deformation of the surrounding rock of the weakly cemented tunnel is large and fast. At the same time, the pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel are greatly affected by geological bedding bias. After the excavation of the inverted arch, the pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock at the right arch shoulder of the tunnel are the highest, reaching 0.832 MPa and 0.53 m, which are significantly greater than those on the left arch shoulder. (2) Using the numerical simulation software FLAC3D 5.0 and ANSYS 16.0, a three-dimensional numerical model of the roadway was established to simulate the stress distribution, plastic failure depth, and initial support stress of the tunnel’s surrounding rock under the influence of geological bedding bias. By comparing the support effects of different support schemes, it was concluded that under the support scheme of “I25 arch + yielding anchor bolt”, the surrounding rock failure depth was small, the stress concentration was weak, and the initial support deformation was controllable as a whole. (3) The self-designed yielding anchor bolt has good economic and applicable value, and it has received the expected support effect after field verification. (4) Various special support measures such as advanced grouting anchor rods, casing arches, or temporary cross supports are used to assist in controlling the large deformation of weakly cemented surrounding rock tunnels to a certain extent.

Optimization of the parametersfor diagnosing engine

The paper considers the problem of diagnosing automotive diesel consumption in the parameters of crankcase gases. The eff ect of velocity, temperature, load mode of the engine to changes in the values of diagnostic parameters. The article will be interesting technical service engineers, machine operators, students and graduate students studying in the relevant fi elds.

Experimental Sample of a CounterIndicator for Monitoring the Technical Condition Tractor Engine air Cleaner

The results of the experiments with the use of an experimental sample of the counter-indicator for monitoring the operation of the air cleaner are presented. Based on the analysis of the initial information, recommendations are proposed to improve the efficiency of its maintenance.