Participation In Team Sports Research Articles

Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019.

It is unclear how levels of sport participation have changed among adolescents in the United States (US) in recent years, particularly considering evidence of increasing sport professionalization and attrition. To evaluate the differences and trends in single- and multiple-team sport participation among US high school students between 1999 and 2019. Descriptive epidemiology study. Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a biannual representative survey of US high school students, data on self-reported sport participation (no participation, single team, multiple teams) within the previous year were evaluated. Differences in sport participation prevalence between 1999 and 2019 were assessed in sex strata by grade, race/ethnicity, and US region. Weighted trends using the National Center for Health Statistics Guidelines for Analysis of Trends and logistic regression models were employed for analyses. The study sample over the 20-year period (N = 149,404) was 49.8% female; the majority were in ninth grade (27.7% female, 28.7% male), were non-Hispanic White (56.1% female, 56.8% male), and resided in the Southern US (57.6% female, 57.4% male). Among girls, 27.2% (95% CI, 25.8-28.6) reported multiple sports team participation in 1999, while 21.3% (95% CI, 20.1-22.6) reported the same in 2019. Among boys, 39.5% (95% CI, 38.4-40.7) reported multiple sports team participation in 1999 versus 29.1% (95% CI, 27.7-30.6) in 2019. Analyses of trends indicated that girls experienced increasing trends in single-sport team participation (β = 0.04, SE = 0.01, P < .001). Among boys, there were increasing trends in no sport participation (β = 0.06, SE = 0.01, P < .001), while multiple-sport team participation decreased over the 20-year period (β = -0.10, SE = 0.01, P < .001). Disparities in trends were observed among female and male groups by race/ethnicity, grade, and region. Sport participation over a 20-year period in the US decreased significantly for boys and increased for single-sports teams among girls. Sport specialization may be contributing some of the observed trends, though limitations in the data require additional research to confirm these hypotheses. Tailored efforts to increase sport participation among both sexes is needed.

Dose-response associations between physical activity and mental health among USA adolescents

Abstract Background Adolescent mental health is a critical public health concern. Physical activity has been shown to reduce risk of negative mental health outcomes. However, in adolescents little is known about the dose-response nature of this relationship. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the association between varying levels of self-reported physical activity and the odds of reporting depressive symptoms and poor mental health, among US high school students. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using data from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Physical activity exposure was assessed as students’ self-reported weekly frequency of ≥ 60min moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), as well as frequency of participation in muscle-strengthening activities, sports teams, and physical education (PE) classes. For the dose-response analysis three categories were created for each item. Depressive symptoms and poor mental health were measured using established survey items. Multivariate logistic regression risk models were used. Results A total of 8,015 high-school students were included. Depressive symptoms were reported by 43% of students, and 28% reported poor mental health. Moderate doses (1-4 days) of muscle-strengthening activities reduced the odds of depressive symptoms by 23% and the odds of poor mental health by 38% compared to low doses (0 days). Higher reductions were observed for higher doses (5-7 days). Similar results were observed for sports teams (1 vs 0 teams). Moderate doses (1-4 days) of MVPA ≥60min showed a significant reduction in the odds for poor mental health (38%) but not depressive symptoms compared to low doses (0 days). No effect was observed for any dose of PE attendance. Conclusions The findings suggest a dose-response pattern in the association between physical activity and mental health in adolescents. Any increase in physical activity levels among young adults would be valuable in preventing poor mental health. Key messages • A dose-response pattern was observed between self-reported mental health and physical activity exposure in adolescents. • Moderate levels of physical activity significantly reduced the risk of self-reported poor mental health among adolescents.

Nonbinary youth and young adult experiences in organized team sports in Canada

Research concerning sexual and gender minority inclusion in sport has primarily focused on cisgender and binary transgender participants. Participation in organized team sport among nonbinary people is understudied. The goal of this study was to identify the barriers nonbinary people face to entering and remaining in organized team sports in Canada. The Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships and Networks Study surveyed 6495 15-29-year-olds in Canada, including 2513 nonbinary (encompassing genderqueer, agender, third gender and trans nonbinary) and 1929 cisgender respondents. A smaller proportion of nonbinary respondents (11%) participated in team sport compared to cisgender respondents (18%) (p = 0.001). More nonbinary respondents (62%) have played a sport and then stopped compared to cisgender respondents (57%) (p = 0.0008). The most commonly reported reason nonbinary people felt unsafe in sport was discriminatory comments, with >50% witnessing homophobic, transphobic, and/or sexist comments. Structural and policy changes by organizers, administrators, and coaches can support the inclusion of nonbinary people in organized team sports.

MOTIVES AND INTERESTS OF STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The article presents the results of a study of students' motives and interests in physical education, which play a key role in forming of an active lifestyle in young people and affect their health, psychological well-being and social relationships. A literature review and an anonymous survey of 222 students from various Ukrainian higher educational institutions were conducted to identify the main reasons why young people engage in physical activity. The results of the study showed that the most significant motivations are students' desire to improve their physical condition (71.6%), improve their health (59%) and commitment to exercise (69.8%), which indicates the importance of physical education for improving physical condition and overall wellness. It is also noted that physical activity has a positive effect on psychological health, in particular, it reduces stress, improves mood and energy levels, and helps to increase self-confidence. Special attention is focused on social aspects: physical education promotes the formation of new social relationships and improves communication skills through participation in team sports and competitions. In addition, students note the impact of classes on self-realisation, discipline and self-control, which indicates their importance for personal development. Although such motives as the desire to receive positive grades (43.7%) and to build a beautiful figure (33.3%) are less significant, they also play a role in the overall motivation of students to participate in physical activities. The importance of developing effective physical education programmes aimed at satisfying the various students' requirements has been proved, which will help increase their physical activity and overall health.

A serial mediation model of physical exercise and loneliness: the role of perceived social support and resilience

BackgroundLoneliness is a risk factor for numerous negative life outcomes and diseases among older adults. Physical exercise can reduce social isolation among older adults and improve their health status. This study focused on the relationships among physical exercise, perceived social support, resilience and loneliness to provide theoretical support for physical exercise interventions to address loneliness in older adults.MethodsThis study used a structural equation model and bootstrap method to test a serial mediation model of physical exercise and loneliness and the role of perceived social support and resilience. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 516 older adults from 5 January 2024 to 20 January 2024. The data were collected using the physical activity rating scale (PARS-3), UCLA loneliness Scale-8 (ULS-8), perceived social support scale (PSSS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).ResultsThe results showed that physical exercise among older adults had a direct negative relationship with loneliness (Effect = -0.049, 95% CI: -0.072 to -0.027). In addition, perceived social support and resilience mediated the relationship between physical exercise and loneliness both independent and serially, with the independent mediation effect of perceived social support being − 0.041 (95% CI: -0.056 to -0.028), the independent mediation effect of resilience being − 0.018 (95% CI: -0.026 to -0.011), and the serial mediation effect of perceived social support and resilience being − 0.009 (95% CI: -0.015 to -0.005). The total indirect effect of the three mediation paths was 58.47%.Conclusions(1) In this study, physical exercise and loneliness in older adults were negatively correlated. Perceived social support and resilience play mediating roles in the relationship between physical exercise and loneliness. (2) This study suggests that participation in group events or team sports is valuable for alleviating loneliness caused by a lack of social interaction.

Effect of Physical Activity Behaviors, Team Sports, and Sitting Time on Body Image and Exercise Dependence.

This study aimed to evaluate whether the type and degree of physical activity commitment (i.e., team sport athletes, highly active individuals, sedentary behavior) influence body image and exercise behavior. A total of 96 participants (46 women and 50 men; age: 22.7 ± 2.7 years; height: 170 ± 8.6 cm; weight: 67.6 ± 10.8 kg) were divided in six groups: female volleyball and male football players (student athletes classified as Tier 2), highly physically active women and men, with high sitting time completed the Body Image Dimensional Assessment and the 21-item Exercise Dependence Scale to evaluate body dissatisfaction and level of dependency on exercise. The Body Image Dimensional Assessment is a silhouette-based scale, where three direct indices are derived from the participants' responses: body dissatisfaction, sexual body dissatisfaction, and comparative body dissatisfaction. The Exercise Dependence Scale is a six-point Likert scale that evaluates seven dimensions of exercise dependence (tolerance, withdrawal, intention effects, lack of control, time, reductions in other activities, and continuance) and provides an overall score. A multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of different levels of physical activity, team sport participation (volleyball and football), and sedentary behavior (i.e., high sitting time) on participants' body image indices and dimensions of exercise dependence according to sex. Volleyball players showed significantly higher body dissatisfaction than football players (d = 0.99) and the physically active men group (d = 2.31), who had lower values than sedentary women group (d = 1.68). Football players had lower comparative body dissatisfaction values than volleyball players (d = 1.70) and sedentary women (d = 1.69), who had higher values than sedentary men (d = 1.04). Sedentary women had a significantly lower exercise dependence scale score than volleyball players (d = 1.71), football players (d = 1.12), and physically active men (d = 1.21). The findings highlight the impact of regular physical activity on body dissatisfaction and the variance in body image perceptions between the sexes. Moreover, the high exercise dependence values found in volleyball and football players and physically active men suggest an effect of intense training and maladaptive exercise behaviors, underlining the need for comprehensive strategies to address exercise dependence.

Association Between Sports Team Participation and Sunburn Among U.S. High School Students, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2021

Association Between Sports Team Participation and Sunburn Among U.S. High School Students, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2021

Association Between Sports Team Participation and Sunburn Among U.S. High School Students, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2021

Association Between Sports Team Participation and Sunburn Among U.S. High School Students, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2021

Impact of Team Sports Participation on Social Skills Development in Youth

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of team sports participation on social skills development in youth. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that engaging in team sports fosters various interpersonal skills such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution. These activities provide a structured environment where young individuals learn to work collaboratively towards common goals, enhancing their ability to function within a group. Team sports also offer opportunities for social interaction and bonding, which can improve self-esteem and the ability to form meaningful relationships. Additionally, the need to adhere to rules and respect teammates and opponents promotes discipline and ethical behavior. Overall, participation in team sports is associated with improved social competence, making it a valuable tool for social development in y Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social learning theory, social identity theory and constructivist learning theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of team sports participation on social skills development in youth. Coaches and sports organizations should develop structured training programs that specifically include social skills training. Policymakers should support and fund community sports programs that emphasize team participation as a means to develop social skills.

Examining the relationship between different physical activities and health and well-being in middle-aged and older men: an isotemporal substitution analysis

BackgroundWell-being declines during men’s middle years, and while physical activity (PA) can have a positive influence, the type of PA that provides the greatest benefit is not clear. This cross-sectional...

Effect of Team Sports on Social Integration in Immigrant Communities in Turkey

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of team sports on social integration in immigrant communities in Turkey. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Participation in team sports significantly enhances social integration in immigrant communities in Turkey by fostering connections with both fellow immigrants and local residents. These activities facilitate cultural exchange and adaptation, helping immigrants integrate while sharing their traditions. Team sports also improve psychological well-being by reducing isolation and providing a sense of belonging. They strengthen internal community ties and boost civic participation, leading to greater inclusion in broader social and political processes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Activity theory, self-determination theory (SDT) &amp; socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) may be used to anchor future studies on effect of team sports on social integration in immigrant communities in Turkey. Community organizations and sports clubs should design and implement team sports programs tailored to the needs of immigrant communities. Policymakers should develop and support policies that encourage the integration of team sports into community-building initiatives for immigrant populations.

Creating a postgraduate syllabus for a team care diploma examination: a Delphi study

ObjectivesThere is no agreed standard assessment of the minimum knowledge and skills that are required to provide healthcare to participants in individual or team sports. This study aims to develop...

Exploring a mother's engagement in team sport: An application of an extended theory of planned behaviour

ObjectivesMothers of young children are at-risk for low physical activity. Organised team sport provides additional social and mental health benefits above that of physical activity. To better understand engagement in team sport, this study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour, with the addition of maternal identity and social support. DesignA prospective two-part online study was conducted two weeks apart to collect data from 122 mothers in Australia (M = 32.22, SD = 4.42). MethodsTwo hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict intention and engagement in team sports. A moderation was conducted to determine the effect of social support on the intention–behaviour relationship. ResultsResults indicated that 65.1 % of the variance in intention was explained, with years since previously played (β = −0.17), attitudes (β = 0.20), subjective norms (β = 0.41), and perceived behavioural control (β = 0.16) being significant, and level of team sport social support, and maternal identity being non-significant. Additionally, 65.7 % of the variance in behaviour was explained, with perceived behavioural control (β = 0.28) and intention (β = 0.50) being significant, and years since previously played and social supportbeing non-significant. Social support moderated the relationship between intention and engagement, such that social support facilitated engagement. ConclusionsThe findings show support for the predictive ability of the theory and mothers within a sporting context. Behaviour change techniques related to strengthening intention and personal agency could be used to inform interventions intending to increase team sports participation.

Injury and illness surveillance monitoring in team sports: a framework for all

BackgroundSport-related injuries and illnesses can negatively impact athlete welfare at all standards of participation in team sports. Injury and illness surveillance (IIS), and the development of monitoring systems, initiates the sequence of injury and illness prevention. Operational IIS monitoring systems help to appraise epidemiological estimates of injury and illness incidence and burden in various athlete populations. However, the methodological underpinnings of various monitoring systems are not harmonized or widely documented, with the presence of efficient and successful programmes rarely showcased at non-elite levels. The aim is to provide a framework that guides the development of IIS, which will enhance overall surveillance, to indirectly inform injury prevention strategies.MethodsThe process involved all members of the research group initially discussing the research gaps, scope of the project, and the aims of the article. Unique experiences were shared, and specific and global challenges and barriers to IIS at all standards of team sport participation were identified. A tiered system of data collection with corresponding content were produced, with experiences and guidance provided throughout the article.ResultsThe literature has been reviewed and using first-hand experience in conducting IIS programmes in complex and diverse sport settings, the authors have identified key enablers and barriers for best practise as time, technological and human resources, reporter/practitioner training, and medical expertise. Areas of greatest importance regarding the conducting of IIS have been outlined, providing guidance and recommendations across all levels of team sport participation. These areas include definitions, data context, collection procedures, handling, security, ethics, storage, dissemination, quality, compliance, and analysis. Given the barriers to IIS, 3-tiered levels of data collection and content have been proposed. The levels indicate data collection variables, with a focus on sufficiency and achievability, aiming to support the successful conducting of IIS in team sports across all standards of participation. Future opportunities in IIS have been discussed, with several predictive measures and analytical techniques expanded upon.ConclusionsThe framework provides universal guidance for implementing IIS monitoring systems, facilitating athletes, coaches, parents/guardians, governing bodies and practitioners to implement IIS processes, identify challenges, complete analysis, and interpret outcomes at all standards of participation.

Use of physical activity as a coping strategy mediates the association between adolescent team sports participation and emerging adult mental health

PurposeWe explored how team sport participation during adolescence may have prepared emerging adults to use physical activity (PA) as a coping strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore protect their mental health. MethodsMATCH study participants reported their involvement in team sports from age 11 to 18. At age 20, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, they reported their level of positive mental health, strategies to cope with stress, and perception of how helpful these are. Mediation analyses were used to estimate the natural direct effect of number of years of team sport participation during adolescence on emerging adults’ mental health, and the natural indirect effect through using PA as a coping strategy. ResultsData from 454 participants were available. PA was the most prevalent coping strategy reported (51.5%) and 74% of those using this strategy reported it helped a lot. More years of team sport participation during adolescence was associated with higher odds of reporting PA as a coping strategy (OR [95% CI] = 1.012 [1.007; 1.017]) and with higher level of mental health during emerging adulthood (β [95% CI] = 0.059 [0.024; 0.095]). The natural indirect effect suggests that the use of PA as a coping strategy partially explained the association between team sport participation in adolescence and mental health in emerging adulthood (NIE [95% CI] = 0.038 [0.002;0.074]). DiscussionMore team sports participation during adolescence is associated with better mental health during emerging adulthood. This association may operate through using PA to cope with stress.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Youth Sports Participation on Emotional Intelligence, Self-Esteem, and Life Satisfaction.

The present study investigated the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and self-esteem between youth sports participation and life satisfaction, as well as the comparative effects of different types of sports involvement (team, individual, and non-participation) on these selected variables. A sample of 1053 Portuguese adolescents (612 girls and 441 boys), aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.40; SD = 1.55), completed the following self-report measures: the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The structural equation modeling results indicated a complete mediating role of two emotional intelligence dimensions (use of emotion and self-emotional appraisal) and self-esteem in the relationship between sports participation and adolescents' life satisfaction. Team sport participants reported higher emotional intelligence and self-esteem scores than their non-sport participant counterparts who revealed lower levels of emotion use than their individual sport participant peers. These findings provide novel insights into the potential emotional and psychological mechanisms underlying the association between youth sports participation and life satisfaction.

Growth status and age at peak height velocity among youth participants in several sports: the Cracow longitudinal study

BackgroundStudies addressing age at peak height velocity (PHV) in longitudinal samples of participants in sports are relatively limited.PurposeTo compare the growth status and estimated ages at PHV of longitudinal samples girls and boys active in sport with peers not active in sport, and to compare estimated ages at PHV among longitudinal samples of Polish youth active in sport.MethodsRecords from the Cracow Longitudinal Study, which measured youth annually from 8 to 18 years, were screened to identify individuals regularly active in sport. Participants in athletics (22 girls, 10 boys), soccer (12 boys), and other team (6 girls, 7 boys) and individual (6 girls, 9 boys) sports were identified; 107 girls and 172 boys were not active in sport. Heights and weights of participants in sports and non-involved peers were compared. Longitudinal height records of individuals were fit with the SITAR model to estimate age at PHV. Ages at PHV of boys and girls active in sport and peers not active in sports were compared with sex-specific ANOVAs.ResultsAges at PHV of boys participating in athletics and soccer were similar to age at PHV of boys not active in sport, while ages at PHV of boys in other team sports (basketball, volleyball, handball) and individual sports (skiing, gymnastics, acrobatics) were, respectively, slightly earlier and later. Among girls, age at PHV of participants in team sports (basketball, netball) was earlier, while ages at PHV among participants in athletics and other individual sports (equestrian, acrobatics, shooting) were slightly later compared to non-athlete peers.ConclusionAges at PHV varied among participants in different sports and were consistent with estimates in other longitudinal samples of Polish youth athletes.

The relationship between exercise-related expectancies and exercise behaviour in adolescent athletes

ABSTRACT Background In recent years, a decline in sports behaviour among adolescents was observed, even though it is generally known that sports contribute to healthy development. According to the social cognitive theory of Bandura, outcome expectancies play an important role in the practice of health behaviour. Methods This study analysed the relationship between exercise-related outcome expectancies (EOEs) and exercise behaviour among adolescent athletes, and the differences of EOEs according to age, gender and type of sport played. In an online survey N = 223 (female = 140, male = 83) athletes between the age of 10–19 (Mage = 14.27, SD = 3.21) completed the Exercise-related Outcome Expectancies Questionnaire for Adolescents (EOEQ-A), as well as questions about their sociodemographic background and training behaviour. Results A small positive correlation of psychological EOEs with the overall amount of training was discovered while expectancies about negative consequences of sports were associated with lower training efforts. Athletes between 14 and 16 years reported significantly stronger negative EOEs than younger or older participants. Regarding gender, no significant differences were found. Furthermore, a positive correlation between social EOEs and participation in team sports, as well as training in a group was found. Conclusion These results could help with adapting exercise-related interventions so that the positive expectancies of the athletes can be fulfilled and exercise behaviour among adolescents can be promoted. Future studies should investigate the relationship between changes in expectancies and changes in exercise behaviour.

Advantages of team sports during the physical training of future border guards

Professional training of military personnel is one of the most urgent problems today. Physical training of border guards is defined as one of the most important indicators of professionalism and is the basis of their professional activity. The high role given to physical training in the educational process of departmental educational institutions during the period of their training and retraining is due to the fact that the professional activity of border guards is directly related to various situations that make high demands on the physical fitness of border guards, their personal, moral-willed, mental and intellectual qualities. The use of team sports in the training of military personnel can be a key element in maximizing their potential. The use of team sports is an important component of physical fitness, as it not only promotes the development of physical skills, but also builds key communication and social skills. Active participation in team sports involves systematic physical activity, which contributes to the improvement of general health and well-being. Team games help foster the values of team cooperation and interaction. These sports also help build leadership skills, foster commitment to a common goal, and teach effective teamwork. In a team environment, players learn to work toward a common goal, support each other's strengths, and compensate for each other's weaknesses. Team exercises can be used to achieve specific physical goals, such as improving coordination, developing endurance and increasing strength, while aspects of cooperation and understanding also become important exceptions during classes. The article analyzes the possibility of using the full potential of team games during the physical training of cadets.

Development and validation of a test instrument for the assessment of perceived basic motor competencies in first and second graders: the SEMOK-1-2 instrument.

Both actual motor competencies (AMC) and perceived motor competencies (PMC) play an important role in motor development research and children's physical and psychological development. PMC refer to children's perceptions of their motor competencies. To assess the PMC of first and second grade children (aged 6-9 years), the SEMOK-1-2 instrument was developed. The instrument is aligned to the validated MOBAK-1-2 instrument which assesses AMC in the competence areas "object movement" and "self-movement" Accounting for possible reading difficulties in younger children, the motor tasks and answer options were illustrated and explained verbally. The purpose of this study was to test and validate the SEMOK-1-2 instrument and investigate the associations between the constructs AMC, PMC and physical activity (PA), whereby PA was measured by the participation in team and individual sports. Data from N = 404 pupils in the German-speaking part of Switzerland from first and second grades (M = 7.8 years, SD = 0.69, 49% boys) were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factorial validity of the SEMOK-1-2 instrument. Structural equation models were used to investigate the association between the constructs. The analyses confirmed a two-factor structure with the factors PMC "object movement" and PMC "self-movement", corresponding to the factors existing in the MOBAK-1-2 instrument. Latent correlations between AMC factors and the corresponding PMC factors were r = 0.79 for "object movement" and r = 0.76 for "self-movement". Associations with external criteria and covariates, such as sex, were associated with both AMC and PMC. Analyses also revealed that children who participated more often in individual and team sports showed higher levels in both AMC and PMC. The confirmation of the two-factorial structure of the SEMOK-1-2 instrument and the associations between AMC and PMC as well as external criteria indicate construct and criterion validity. The SEMOK-1-2 instrument can be economically utilized for assessing PMC and is also suitable for the monitoring of PMC in the context of Physical Education.