Team Of Scientists Research Articles

Premalignant Progression in the Lung: Knowledge Gaps and Novel Opportunities for Interception of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.

Rationale: Despite significant advances in precision treatments and immunotherapy, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. To reduce incidence and improve survival rates, a deeper understanding of lung premalignancy and the multistep process of tumorigenesis is essential, allowing timely and effective intervention before cancer development. Objectives: To summarize existing information, identify knowledge gaps, formulate research questions, prioritize potential research topics, and propose strategies for future investigations into the premalignant progression in the lung. Methods: An international multidisciplinary team of basic, translational, and clinical scientists reviewed available data to develop and refine research questions pertaining to the transformation of premalignant lung lesions to advanced lung cancer. Results: This research statement identifies significant gaps in knowledge and proposes potential research questions aimed at expanding our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the progression of premalignant lung lesions to lung cancer in an effort to explore potential innovative modalities to intercept lung cancer at its nascent stages. Conclusions: The identified gaps in knowledge about the biological mechanisms of premalignant progression in the lung, together with ongoing challenges in screening, detection, and early intervention, highlight the critical need to prioritize research in this domain. Such focused investigations are essential to devise effective preventive strategies that may ultimately decrease lung cancer incidence and improve patient outcomes.

Research progress on the evaluation mechanism of scientific research teams in the digital economy era

PurposeIn today’s digital economy, it is very important to cultivate digital professionals with advanced interdisciplinary skills. The purpose of this paper is that universities play a vital role in this effort, and research teams need to use the synergistic effect of various educational methods to improve the quality and efficiency of personnel training. For these teams, a powerful evaluation mechanism is very important to improve their innovation ability and the overall level of talents they cultivate. The policy of “selecting the best through public bidding” not only meets the multi-dimensional evaluation needs of contemporary research, but also conforms to the current atmosphere of evaluating scientific and technological talents.Design/methodology/approachNonetheless, since its adoption, several challenges have emerged, including flawed project management systems, a mismatch between listed needs and actual core technological needs and a low rate of conversion of scientific achievements into practical outcomes. These issues are often traced back to overly simplistic evaluation methods for research teams. This paper reviews the literature on the “Open Bidding for Selecting the Best Candidates” policy and related evaluation mechanisms for research teams, identifying methodological shortcomings, a gap in exploring team collaboration and an oversight in team selection criteria.FindingsIt proposes a theoretical framework for the evaluation and selection mechanisms of research teams under the “Open Bidding for Selecting the Best Candidates” model, offering a solid foundation for further in-depth studies in this area.Originality/valueResearch progress on the Evaluation Mechanism of Scientific Research Teams in the Digital Economy Era from the Perspective of “Open Bidding for Selecting the Best Candidates.”

A Model for Engaging Citizen Scientists: A Community-Partnered Research Collaboration to Address Inequities for Black Birthing People.

Co-creation of a citizen-science research initiative with a collaborative team of community members and university-based scientists to address regional disparities in maternal and fetal health outcomes for Black birthing people. Citizen scientist-led projects, where community members actively contribute to each discovery step, from setting a research agenda to collecting data and disseminating results, can extend community participatory research initiatives and help reconceptualize traditional research processes. The Pregnancy Collaborative is a citizen-science research initiative and one of nine scientific committees of The Pittsburgh Study-a longitudinal, community-partnered study designed to bring together collaborators to improve child thriving. Ten community members and five university-based scientists participated during all phases of developing a citizen-scientist collaboration over an initial two-and-a-half-year period. Phases include forming the Pregnancy Collaborative and group research ethics training; co-creating a research agenda grounded in shared principles; and community-partnered data collection, analysis, and dissemination. These phases produced three key co-designed products: (1) a mission and vision statement of the Pregnancy Collaborative, (2) a Collaborative-endorsed research agenda, and (3) a citizen-scientist-executed research survey. Lessons learned from the formation of the Pregnancy Collaborative highlight the importance of equitable power distribution through bidirectional knowledge sharing and by centering intellectual effort, lived experience, and tools and resources of those affected by health inequities. Using a citizen science approach to co-designing and executing research helps us move maternal health inequity work from "research on" to "research with."

On the Anniversary of the Honorary President of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders, Academician Sergei Georgievich Inge-Vechtomov

On April 4, 2024, the outstanding geneticist and teacher, Honorary President of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders, Honorary Professor of St. Petersburg State University, Member of the Academic Council of VIR, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Sergei Georgievich Inge-Vechtomov turned 85 years old. S.G. Inge-Vechtomov is known as an eminent scientist in the field of Saccharomyces yeast genetics; he has made a significant contribution to the study of the regulation of translation termination in eukaryotes and the phenomenon of protein inheritance. Sergei Georgievich is the author of a number of textbooks on genetics that have received significant recognition. For more than forty years he was the Head of the oldest department of genetics in our country – the Department of Genetics and Biotechnology of St. Petersburg State University, established a leading scientific and pedagogical school, trained a number of disciples who now lead scientific teams not only in Russia, but also abroad. S.G. Inge-Vechtomov does a lot of organizational work, he made a significant contribution to the creation of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders, to the organization and holding of a number of Vavilov Society congresses, and is currently its Honorary President. S.G. Inge-Vechtomov is a member of editorial boards of a number of journals, but the most important result of his editorial activities was the creation of the journal “Ecological Genetics”, which is currently actively developing. Colleagues and friends, members of the genetic scientific community, researchers, students and professors wish Sergei Georgievich inexhaustible energy, health, good mood and new achievements in science and educational activities.

Scientists and scientific journals should adhere to ethical standards for the use and reporting of data from Indigenous people.

Internationally, governments and scientists are bound by legal and treaty rights when working with Indigenous nations. These rights include the right of Indigenous people to control the conduct of science with Indigenous nations. Unfortunately, in some cases, individual scientists and scientific teams working with biological and genetic data collected from Indigenous people have not respected these international rights. Here, we argue that the scientific community should understand and acknowledge the historical harms experienced by Indigenous people under the veil of scientific progress (truth) and implement existing standards for ethical conduct of research and sovereign control of data collected within Indigenous communities (reconciliation). Specifically, we outline the rationale for why scientists, scientific journals and research integrity and institutional review boards/ethics committees should adopt, and be held accountable for upholding, current international standards of Indigenous data sovereignty and ethical use of Indigenous biological samples.

Using old laboratory equipment with modern Web-of-Things standards: a smart laboratory with LabThings Retro.

There has been an increasing, and welcome, open hardware trend towards science teams building and sharing their designs for new instruments. These devices, often built upon low-cost microprocessors and microcontrollers, can be readily connected to enable complex, automated and smart experiments. When designed to use open communication web standards, devices from different laboratories and manufacturers can be controlled using a single protocol and even communicate with each other. However, science labs still have a majority of old, perfectly functional equipment which tends to use older, and sometimes proprietary, standards for communications. In order to encourage the continued and integrated use of this equipment in modern automated experiments, we develop and demonstrate LabThings Retro. This allows us to retrofit old instruments to use modern Web-of-Things standards, which we demonstrate with closed-loop feedback involving an optical microscope, digital imaging and fluid pumping.

The journey from bench to bedside-it takes a science village.

I was fortunate enough to start my career at what was the dawn of modern-day molecular biology and to apply it to an important health problem. While my early work focused on fundamental science, the desire to understand human disease better and to find practical applications for research discoveries resulted, over the following decades, in creating a stream of translational research directed specifically toward epithelial cancers. This could only have been possible through multiple collaborations. This type of team science would eventually become a hallmark of my career. With the development of higher throughput molecular techniques, the pace of research and discovery has quickened, and the concept of personalized medicine based on genomics is now coming to fruition. I hope my legacy will not just reflect my published works, but will also include the impact I have had on the development of the next generation of scientists and clinician scientists who inspired me with their dedication, knowledge, and enthusiasm.

Network Variance of Scientific Team and Knowledge Creation: A Network Embeddedness Perspective

Network Variance of Scientific Team and Knowledge Creation: A Network Embeddedness Perspective

Community-Led Action Research in Oncology: Pandemic-Appropriate Radiotherapy Innovations Evaluated (CLARO PARTE) for Latin America and the Caribbean Countries.

This study aimed to identify, evaluate, and rank suitable safety innovations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) radiation oncology centers. We conducted a multimodal participatory engagement collaboration with the Latin-American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology. The study consisted of four phases. Innovations were collected from a panel of radiotherapy experts representing a diverse group of 11 countries from LAC (Phase I). Next, a medical scientific team compared the innovations against international standards regarding their potential impact on risk of infection, clinical operation, and continuity of quality cancer care (Phase II). Their findings were supplied to the country representatives who rated the innovations for acceptability in their cancer centers (Phase III), resulting in a final report of the panel's recommendations (Phase IV). A total of 81 innovations were reported by the country representatives and merged by the medical scientific team into 24 innovations that combined similar innovations. The 24 innovations were grouped into six categories including practices aimed at (1) reducing clinic crowding (n = 3), (2) increasing screening and vaccinations for COVID-19 disease (n = 5), (3) implementing social distancing (n = 6), (4) strengthening personal infection equipment and disinfection (n = 6), (5) avoiding delaying or shortening treatment protocols (n = 2), and (6) mixed procedures (n = 2). The medical scientific team found nearly all innovations were supported by international recommendations and rated as safe, efficient, and acceptable. By using the lessons learned from the Community-Led Action Research in Oncology: Pandemic-Appropriate Radiotherapy Innovations Evaluated study, a manual of scalable practices in radiation oncology clinics may be developed to guide actions during future large-scale public health crises in low- and middle-income countries of LAC.

Modeling rare plant habitat together with public land managers using an iterative, coproduced process to inform decision‐making on multiple‐use public lands

AbstractPublic lands across the United States are managed for multiple uses, resources, and values ranging from energy development to rare plant conservation. Intensified energy development and other land use changes across the Southwestern United States have increased the need for proactive management to mitigate impacts to rare plants. Habitat suitability models can inform decision‐making and lead to more effective conservation of rare plants and their habitats, but high‐quality models that are suited for use at local scales are lacking for many species. Our team of scientists and managers developed ensembles of habitat suitability models for five rare plant species in New Mexico using a coproduced, iterative framework complemented by comprehensive ground truthing and tailoring of products for use in public land decisions. Our process resulted in substantial differences from initial models through changes to environmental predictors, species occurrence and background data, and development of new species‐specific predictors. Involving species experts and end users in model development can strengthen the process and resulting model and build understanding and trust in final products. Both factors can promote use of models to inform public land permitting and planning decisions that may affect rare plants, including by guiding development away from highly suitable habitats.

AI integration in business development: Ethical considerations and practical solutions

The winds of change are sweeping through the business landscape, propelled by the transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI). This integration isn't merely a technological upgrade; it's a paradigm shift, unlocking a treasure trove of opportunities for companies to achieve unprecedented growth, efficiency, and innovation. Imagine AI-powered systems that analyze vast amounts of data, identify new market opportunities, predict customer behavior with uncanny accuracy, and even automating tedious tasks associated with lead generation and qualification. This is the future that AI promises, a future brimming with potential. However, the path to this future is not without its challenges. The immense power of AI comes with a critical responsibility: ensuring its ethical and responsible use. This review paper delves into the ethical considerations that businesses must navigate as they integrate AI into their business development strategies, exploring potential pitfalls like bias in algorithms, data privacy concerns, and job displacement. But fear not, for this paper doesn't just identify challenges; it also proposes practical solutions to navigate these complexities effectively. By acknowledging the potential for bias in AI algorithms and taking proactive steps to mitigate it, businesses can ensure fairness and inclusivity in their AI-driven decision-making. Imagine a team of data scientists meticulously scrutinizing training data, removing skewed information that could lead to discriminatory outcomes in lead generation or customer targeting. This commitment to responsible data practices fosters trust and ensures AI is used for good. Data privacy is another paramount concern in the age of AI. As AI systems collect and analyze vast amounts of customer data, businesses have a responsibility to safeguard this information. Imagine robust data security measures in place, protecting sensitive customer data with encryption protocols and access controls. Furthermore, fostering transparency about data collection practices and obtaining explicit consent from customers builds trust and demonstrates a commitment to responsible data stewardship. The specter of job displacement also looms large in the discussion of AI. While automation powered by AI might replace some repetitive tasks, it's important to remember that it also creates new opportunities. Imagine a world where AI handles lead scoring and qualification, freeing up human business developers to focus on high-value activities like strategic relationship building and closing deals. By investing in retraining programs and fostering a culture of continuous learning, businesses can empower their workforce to adapt and thrive in this evolving landscape.

Knowledge Hiding Behavior in Online Learning Communities: A Chain Mediation Based on Self-Efficacy and Organizational Psychological Ownership

With its flexible and convenient learning methods, rich learning resources and convenient information transmission channels, the online learning community has injected new impetus into the cause of education. However, the open and generative characteristics of the online learning community also preclude learning activities from implementing collective constraints, resulting in the emergence of knowledge hiding behavior. Based on this, researchers have attempted to explore the factors that affect knowledge hiding behavior and to identify the influencing mechanisms. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), this study analyzed a questionnaire on the knowledge hiding behavior of 420 graduate students in online learning communities and found that professional commitment, transformational leadership and a proactive personality have a negative impact on knowledge hiding behavior through self-efficacy and organizational psychological ownership. Based on the model interpretation, this paper suggests that the following aspects should be explored for their potential to diminish knowledge hiding behavior: Assess the proactive personality level of graduate students; the training unit can stimulate students’ self-efficacy in terms of the expected results, rewards, relationships and perceived costs of the individual; the supervisor should establish and improve the knowledge sharing mechanism within the organization; the tutor should strengthen the cultural construction of the scientific research team.

Using one health training for interprofessional team building: implications for research, policy, and practice in Nigeria.

In recent years, the concept of One Health (OH) has arisen as an approach that helps to catalyze the creation of transdisciplinary teams needed for surveillance and investigation of emerging disease dynamics. Besides a wealth of descriptions of what the OH approach encompasses, a dearth of information is available regarding the training of individuals in OH competencies. In 2019, the Nigerian Center for Disease Control developed an OH strategic plan to meet the country's human, animal, and environmental health challenges. In response to the demand for clinicians, scientists, climatologists, conservationists, and environmentalists, who have expertise in environment, human, plant, and animal health to work collaboratively in addressing OH challenges in Nigeria. An interprofessional group of faculty from the University of Texas Medical Branch, the University of Jos, and the National Veterinary Research Institute convened to develop a novel OH course 'entitled 'One Health for Translational Team Science. The objective of the course was to explore the evolution of an emerging epidemic, capitalizing on various learning environments, including animal, environmental, human, and public health perspectives. The 6-week course comprised of three parts: 2-weeks virtual part of case-based group discussions focusing on animal and environmental aspects, 2 weeks of individual field experiences, and a final virtual part focusing on human health. Pedagogical tools used were: case-based group discussions, breakout group presentations, role-play activities, field project write-up, peer evaluation, group writing assignments, and weekly reflections with the goal of working in teams to develop and practice the fundamental leadership and management skills in addressing emerging public health challenges. Post-course evaluations showed that all participants felt more confident identifying and practicing the necessary attitudes and skills to participate effectively in the evaluation of an outbreak. Furthermore, the roles, responsibilities, and "One Health ways of thinking" for the various disciplines and professions involved in improving global health were articulated and identified.

Team Science Approaches to Unravel Monogenic Parkinson's Disease on a Global Scale.

Until recently, about three-quarters of all monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) studies were performed in European/White ancestry, thereby severely limiting our insights into genotype-phenotype relationships at a global scale. To identify the multi-ancestry spectrum of monogenic PD. The first systematic approach to embrace monogenic PD worldwide, The Michael J. Fox Foundation Global Monogenic PD Project, contacted authors of publications reporting individuals carrying pathogenic variants in known PD-causing genes. In contrast, the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program's Monogenic Network took a different approach by targeting PD centers underrepresented or not yet represented in the medical literature. In this article, we describe combining both efforts in a merger project resulting in a global monogenic PD cohort with the buildup of a sustainable infrastructure to identify the multi-ancestry spectrum of monogenic PD and enable studies of factors modifying penetrance and expressivity of monogenic PD. This effort demonstrates the value of future research based on team science approaches to generate comprehensive and globally relevant results. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

The Strait and the Sea Unsettling Scores

In this inquiry I build on my previous work on contemporary aesthetics to engage the media practices and bio-acoustic mappings of cetacean scientists, as well as fishers’ video diaries and sound cartographies of interactions with cetaceans. To these, I also juxtapose a contemporary composer, sound engineer, and media artist’s sonographic records of encounters with these decidedly intriguing marine mammals alas too often reduced to the moniker “charismatic”. Concretely, I zoom in on three media practices: the sound compositions of Ariel Guzik, founder of the Nature Expression and Resonance Lab, who designs and engineers instruments to communicate with grey whales, sperm whales, and bottle nose dolphins in the Sea of Cortez; the hydrophone recordings, spectrograms, drone footage, and photo-identifications by a team of cetacean ethologists and communication scientists who run a research vessel and a marine ecology lab in the Tyrrhenian Sea; and the multimedia online platforms of fishers who produce video diaries of potentially fatal interactions with orcas in the Strait of Gibraltar. These carefully selected and juxtaposed audiovisual practices are the graphic, acoustic, and musical fragments that compose the de-territorialized cartography I am calling The Strait and The Sea.

Study on the optimization process and application of FIR digital filter

As one of the components of digital signal processing technology, the FIR digital filter has been widely used in real life and played an increasingly important role due to its advantages of system stability and ease of linear phase. This paper will summarize and analyze the research results of some past scientific research teams on FIR digital filters, and show the optimization process of this technology and the application examples in real life. This paper focuses on the optimization process of noise reduction performance, delay and size, and energy consumption optimization of FIR digital filters. This study summarizes three examples of its applications in medical, audio processing, and radar. In the medical field, the processing of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, the audio processing fields are the frequency shaping, noise removal, and signal enhancement of audio signals, and the precise filtering and processing of received signals in the radar field. At the end of this paper, the FIR digital filter has an irreplaceable role in all fields in the world and gradually develops in the direction of miniaturization and low power consumption in the future.

MENTOR: Multiplex Embedding of Networks for Team-Based Omics Research.

While the proliferation of data-driven omics technologies has continued to accelerate, methods of identifying relationships among large-scale changes from omics experiments have stagnated. It is therefore imperative to develop methods that can identify key mechanisms among one or more omics experiments in order to advance biological discovery. To solve this problem, here we describe the network-based algorithm MENTOR - Multiplex Embedding of Networks for Team-Based Omics Research. We demonstrate MENTOR's utility as a supervised learning approach to successfully partition a gene set containing multiple ontological functions into their respective functions. Subsequently, we used MENTOR as an unsupervised learning approach to identify important biological functions pertaining to the host genetic architectures in Populus trichocarpa associated with microbial abundance of multiple taxa. Moreover, as open source software designed with scientific teams in mind, we demonstrate the ability to use the output of MENTOR to facilitate distributed interpretation of omics experiments.

Introduction to the Costs of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.

This special issue is the result of the Michigan Center for Contextual Factors in Alzheimer's Disease (MCCFAD) third Summer Data Immersion (SDI) program held on May 23-26, 2022. Thirty-seven researchers from 17 universities participated in the program, which emphasized racial/ethnic and other contextual factors in the study of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) costs using a team science approach. During the program, data from the Health and Retirement Study were used to investigate multiple topics related to both financial and non-financial costs of ADRD including: (1) life course socioeconomic factors, (2) costs of preclinical ADRD, (3) COVID-19, (4) family members' employment outcomes, (5) geographic contexts, (6) monetary value of unpaid ADRD care, and (7) spousal relations for couples living with ADRD.

Landscape of scientific research on the problems of decarbonization and achieving carbon neutrality of national economies

Purpose: is to form a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of publication activity in the field of decarbonization that have developed in the global and Russian scientific space, in order to identify promising scientific areas on this basis that can define new research horizons in achieving carbon neutrality.Methods: the research methods involved bibliographic and bibliometric analyses of scholarly publications, utilizing data from the Scopus and eLibrary databases. The study encompasses the timeframe from 2012 to 2022. The research methodology is structured to address three key objectives. Firstly, it aims to identify the quantitative dynamics of global publication activity in the realm of decarbonization. Secondly, the investigation seeks to analyze publication patterns at the levels of research organizations, countries, keywords, related topics, scientific publications, subject areas, and thematic groups, including clusters of thematic groups. Thirdly, the research involves semantic analysis of publications and the identification of points of research interest within the contexts of both global and Russian scientific landscapes.Results: it has been established that bibliographic clustering of studies on decarbonization problems occurs not so much around technical and technological solutions, but in conceptually broader coordinates. It has been identified that the aspiration for carbon neutrality is predominantly observed in economies characterized by a high standard of living, where citizens exhibit a heightened sense of social responsibility and a greater commitment to enhancing the quality of life for future generations. It was revealed that if the global problems of decarbonization are the center of gravity of the most powerful researchers and scientific teams, but in Russia this topic is not yet characterized by a comparable positioning.Conclusions and Relevance: systematization of decarbonization research, which is rapidly developing both in terms of volume indicators and in terms of increasing its interdisciplinarity and social relevance, is the most important condition for effective scientific orientation and research routing in a highly fragmented and contradictory development space on the problems of the global energy transition.

Об эволюции концептуальных основ этно-национальной политики России

On the eve of the update in 2025 of the “Strategy of State National Policy”, a discussion is unfolding in Russia about the existing and future conceptual foundations of such a policy. This discussion largely determines this article. In it, the author critically analyzes the stereotypical ideas about the national politics of Soviet and post-Soviet times that emerged in the process of this discussion. For example, about stability in the era of L. Brezhnev, a stereotype that does not take into account the rise of two varieties of nationalism in the 1960–1980s; about the “parade of sovereignties in the era of Soviet Perestroika: about multiculturalism as the supposedly official doctrine of Russian politics in the 1990s. The article analyzes the prospects for establishing a new concept of interculturalism in Russia. In this regard, the materials of a sociological study conducted by scientific teams led by the author of this article in 2018 in Rostov-on-Don are presented.