Team Formation Research Articles

The Impact of Diagnosis-Specific Plan Templates on Admission Note Writing Time: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background There are limited objective studies regarding the effectiveness of strategies to alleviate the documentation burden on resident physicians. Objective To develop and implement diagnosis-specific templates for the plan of care section of inpatient admission notes, aiming to reduce documentation time. Methods Twelve templates for the plan of care section of admission notes were written by the study authors, reviewed by attending physicians, and shared with the residents through the electronic health record (EHR) on September 23, 2022. EHR audit log data were collected to examine admission note writing times, supplemented by resident feedback on acceptability via an anonymous survey. Feasibility measures included time investment, experience with the EHR, and resident training. Results Between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2023, 62 pediatric residents contributed 9840 admission notes. The templates were used in 557 admission notes. The mean total time spent on an admission note decreased from 97.9 minutes pre-intervention to 71.0 minutes post-intervention with the use of a template; an adjusted reduction of 23% (95% CI 16%-30%; P<.001). The mean attending time spent editing an admission note was unchanged. The survey results underscored wide acceptability of the templates among the residents. Feasibility data showed that the project required minimal time investment from the health care informatics team and minimal resident training. Conclusions Using templates in the care plan section of admission notes reduces the time residents spend writing admission notes.

Longitudinal Interprofessional Education in Undergraduate Health Profession Education: A Scoping Review Protocol

Interprofessional education (IPE) is essentially applied in the medical professions curriculum to produce graduates ready for collaborative practice. Globally, competency frameworks and guidelines have been developed to guide the integration and implementation of IPE into formal curriculum. Developing student competencies to become collaborative-ready health professionals takes a long time. This is also influenced by the formation and development of an interprofessional team’s maturity, which is a time-consuming process. Therefore, repetitive exposure to interprofessional learning throughout the curriculum (longitudinal education) should be implemented, since undergraduate level. This scoping review aims to explore the breadth of the longitudinal literature related to IPE. This article explores the global literature to identify, characterise, and summarise evidence from the published literature on longitudinal IPE. This scoping review considers the longitudinal activities of IPE in various contexts. The papers included report on the learning experiences of two or more types of students in a healthcare profession programme. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the scoping review guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. The results were limited to papers published in the English language from 2016 to the present. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts, and extracted data from the full-text articles. The results are presented descriptively in diagrams, tables, or other relevant formats, followed by narrative summaries.

Team formation in large organizations: A deep reinforcement learning approach

Efficient team formation is critical to human resource management, particularly as large enterprise organizations continue to flatten and are increasingly driven by projects. Efficiently scheduling internal departments and reducing employee scheduling costs are essential objectives. This paper addresses the challenge of extracting employees from the existing network who possess the necessary skills to meet project requirements while minimizing the disruption to the original department network. To tackle this problem, we model the organization as a graph, where each employee is a node, and edges represent communication between them. We formulate team formation as a combinatorial optimization problem on the graph. We first innovatively design the employee replacement and organizational measures for changing structures on the graph. To overcome the complexity of team formation under vast organizational structures and resource constraints, we propose the Graph Combinatorial Optimization DQN framework. This novel approach combines reinforcement learning and graph neural networks. By leveraging graph neural networks, we learn employee representations based on their basic information, skills, and communication patterns with other employees. Furthermore, during testing, we enable the agent to continuously improve its solutions through learning and avoid the pitfall of optimizing early decisions that may hinder the modification of later decisions. This is achieved by incrementally building subsets of solutions. We demonstrate the superiority of the GCO-DQN framework using both the real-world enterprise dataset and a synthetic dataset by comparing GCO-DQN with five state-of-the-art methods.

Latin American Study on parenteral and enteral nutritional therapy—ELANPE Study ELANPE Group

ObjectiveWe describe the status of medical nutrition therapy in adult patients in several hospitals in Latin America in 2023. with the aim of deepening understanding of its implementation and thus, in turn, contributing to the advancement of future guidelines. Materials and methodsThis is a descriptive, multicenter, cross-sectional study. An electronic questionnaire was applied, containing screening, nutritional therapy, multidisciplinary nutritional support, and monitoring indicators. Descriptive statistics were used in data processing. ResultsA total of 132 hospitals from 14 Latin American countries participated; 68.2% were state-owned with a median of 23,804 patients. In 66% of hospitals (n = 87) nutritional screening is systematically implemented; NRS-2002 (n = 66; 75.9%) applied mostly by dietitians. Median malnutrition at admission was 33% (IQR = 30.8). Median indication for diet therapy was 54.4% (IQR = 44.3); oral supplementation 13.6% (IQR = 18), and enteral and parenteral nutritional support 14.6% (IQR = 10.2). Indication is carried out mostly by dietitians (n = 78; 59.1%). 29.5% (n = 39) of hospitals count on multidisciplinary nutritional support. 75% (n = 99) use industrialized formulas, mostly in closed systems (n = 53; 40.2%). For parenteral nutrition, individually compounded and preprepared solutions are used (n = 71; 53.8%) generally administered by central catheters. Most frequently cited monitoring indicators were hemodynamic instability, metabolic complications, abdominal distension, and gastric residue. ConclusionThere are still low implementation percentages of nutritional screening, formation of nutritional therapy teams, and use of oral supplements. Malnutrition upon admission is within the expected range.

Enhancing supply chain resilience through risk mitigation strategies: Evidence from smallholder red chili supply chains in East Java Indonesia

The cultivation of red chili in East Java, Indonesia, has significant economic and social impacts, necessitating proactive supply chain measures. This research aimed to identify priority risk agents, develop effective risk mitigation, and enhance supply chain resilience using the SCOR model, House of Risk, Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM), and synthesis analysis. Examining 238 respondents—including farmers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, home-agroindustries, and experts—the findings highlight farmers’ critical role in supply chain resilience despite risks from crop failures, weather fluctuations, and pest infestations. Simultaneous planting led to market oversupply and price drops, but accurate pricing information facilitated quick market adaptation. Wholesalers influenced pricing dynamics and income levels, impacting farmers directly. To improve resilience, three main strategies were developed through ten key elements: proactive strategies (real-time SCM tracking, Weather Early Warning Systems, risk management team formation, and training), resistance strategies (partnerships, chili stock reserves, storage and drying technologies, GAP implementation, post-harvest management, agricultural insurance, and Fair Profit Sharing Agreements), and recovery and growth strategies (flexible distribution channels and customizable distribution centers). Furthermore, the study delves into the mediating and moderating effects between variables within the model. This research not only addresses a knowledge gap but also provides stakeholders with evidence to consider new strategies to enhance red chili supply resilience.

Political Polarization and Finance

We review an empirical literature that studies how political polarization affects financial decisions. We first discuss the degree of partisan segregation in finance and corporate America, the mechanisms through which partisanship may influence financial decisions, and the available data sources used to infer individuals’ partisan leanings. We then describe and discuss the empirical evidence. Our review suggests an economically large and often growing partisan gap in the financial decisions of households, corporate executives, and financial intermediaries. Partisan alignment between individuals explains team and financial relationship formation, with initial evidence suggesting that high levels of partisan homogeneity may be associated with economic costs. We conclude by proposing several promising directions for future research.

Teamwork in Contests

Abstract We study self-organized teams in dynamic contests. Using data from Kaggle, we document that teams outperform solo players, but few players choose to form teams. Every new team alters the composition of players, discouraging less productive solo players to make submissions. We estimate the structural parameters of a dynamic contest model, including the team formation and submission costs. We find that team formation incentives diminish with the number of teams, as do the incentives to make submissions. We empirically evaluate the productivity-discouragement tradeoff caused by teamwork and discuss implications for contest design, including facilitating teamwork and hosting open competitions.

What if we consider research teams as teams?

Research teams are an important means by which knowledge is generated in Health Professions Education (HPE). Although funding agencies encourage the formation of interdisciplinary and interprofessional research teams, we know little about how our interdisciplinary and interprofessional research teams are functioning, nor how best to ensure their success. Indeed, while HPE Scholarship Units and research environments have been the object of study, little work has been focused on research teams themselves. In this article, the authors propose that research teams should be studied as unique instantiations of teams where several individuals work together towards a common goal. Considering research teams as a team can encourage attention to how effective teams are built, supported, and celebrated, it can acknowledge that competent individuals may form incompetent teams, and it opens important avenues for future research. Turning our attention to better understanding how and when research teams thrive should support the development of more effective teams; resulting in reduced waste and redundancy, better mobilization of team members' time and skills, and enhanced knowledge generation. Considering research teams as teams, encourages an understanding that these teams require care, commitment, and effort to sustain them, and it acknowledges that pursuing research in a team context is both a collaborative and a social endeavour.

The Reality of Innovation Management in Higher Education Institutions from Innovative Students’ Point of View

Innovation management plays a crucial role in harnessing innovations for economic development. Higher education institutions are considered one of the fundamental stages for embracing and supporting student innovations, especially in the early stages of ideation, selection and experimentation. Within this context, the current study aimed to understand the reality of innovation management in Omani higher education institutions at the pre-innovation stage. The study employed a descriptive methodology using a qualitative phenomenological research design. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with a sample of 30 participants from two government universities and three private universities. The study utilised thematic analysis for data interpretation. In its findings, the study discusses the current reality of the management of the pre-innovation stage in Omani higher education institutions through five themes: announcing competitions, team formation, supervisory role, exploration of innovative ideas, and policies and regulations. The findings revealed that, despite efforts made by universities, there is a lack of planning or a defined roadmap for the innovation process. The study recommends implementing supportive policies and regulations for innovation, placing more emphasis on planning in the pre-innovation stage and adjusting supervision for students according to their innovative areas. KEYWORDS Innovation management, higher education, pre-innovation stage, innovation stage, innovation policies, Sultanate of Oman.

Exploring team creativity: The nexus between freshness and experience

Scientific collaborations are widely acknowledged as a key factor in advancing contemporary science. Using the absence of prior collaboration relationships among all team members of a focal paper to assess team freshness, previous studies demonstrated strong associations between team freshness and the ability to generate original and multidisciplinary papers. However, the intricate interplay between team freshness and the experiences of new members remains less explored. For example, individuals can be classified based on their experiences or ages, distinguishing between newcomers with limited experience and incumbents with a track record of publications. Using the existing definition of team freshness, we focus on categorizing fresh teams into two distinct types: those consisting of fresh incumbents and those with fresh newcomers. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset comprising over 5 million articles, we systematically investigate the relationship between team freshness, the freshness of incumbents, and the freshness of newcomers on various creativity measurements. Our analysis yields several key findings. Firstly, both team freshness and the freshness of newcomers display a declining trend over time, whereas the freshness of incumbents remains stable. Secondly, we observe strong positive associations between team freshness, the freshness of incumbents, and the freshness of newcomers with regard to various creativity indicators. Strikingly, we emphasize substantial promotional powers of the freshness of incumbents on creativity, even after adjusting for overall team freshness. Our results have important policy implications related to the formation of creative teams.

Multi-task oriented team formation in online collaborative learning

Rational and personalized team formation can greatly enhance the efficiency of online collaborative learning. However, in the process of forming learning teams and completing learning tasks, online synchronous communication among team members is often overlooked, and the abilities of team members may change during task execution, which may have an effect on the completion of team tasks. To address these problems, this paper comprehensively considers the impact of learners’ online time and skill levels on team formation. We quantify the potential development space of learners’ skills and design optimization objectives accordingly based on the Zone of Proximal Development theory. Additionally, we propose a Near-Informer deep learning model to predict learners’ future online states, aiming to measure communication efficiency. Then, we propose a multi-task oriented multi-objective optimization team formation problem, and transform it into a single-objective one by using weighted aggregation of all objectives. After that, we present a Three-dimensional Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm (TDMCTS). The experiments are conducted based on two real datasets. Compared with the baselines, our Near-informer model achieved the highest number of optimal predictions, with 22 out of 32. Besides, TDMCTS algorithm achieved more comprehensive team formation results, with average skill satisfaction degrees of 99.8% and 98.9% on two task sets, respectively, while satisfying the task requirements.

Time management as the growth factor of small manufacturing enterprises

The article deals with small manufacturing enterprises as a point of an industry economic growth which potentially outpaces the average growth rate of the industry and the GDP growth rate that makes it possible to increase the share of gross production product in the general structure of small business of Russia. As one of the reserves of growth of such enterprises the author presents implementation of corporate time management technologies which allow the administration of the enterprises to increase the time for solving the tasks facilitating the economic growth: working with the major clients and contracts, searching for new financial sources, introduction of new capacities, development of new products, formation and development of new management teams. The author suggests the structure of a corporate time management standard which regulates the issues of managing meetings, calendars, operational tasks, work communications. The article contains description of the method of implementation of corporate time management at the example of a small manufacturing enterprise of the instrumentation industry.

The Tale of Designing a Clinical-Cases Manual for Rotations and Mixed Methods Analysis of Students' Participatory Experience in Co-Creation.

The post-pandemic era ignited the concepts of virtual learning, enhancing a strong need for a specific clinical case manual of commonly encountered scenarios in internal medicine. In this article, we describe the process for creating a clinical cases manual which can be followed for any other clinical science. Further, we report the participatory experience of students in the co-creation of manual. The hand-written notes of the teacher during the rotation of internal medicine were improvised, and created into a digital version. The editorial team which included mainly student volunteers participated in digitization and reviewing the content, diagrams and flowcharts. We describe the process of designing the clinical-cases manual for rotations in internal medicine, which includes handwritten notes, review of the notes, formation of editorial team, digitization of text and artwork, editing and book release. It can be replicated for any other clinical sciences in rotations. In addition, the online survey with both quantitative and qualitative type of questions was used to assess the students' participatory experiences in co-creating manual. The clinical-cases manual for rotations in internal medicine was released and received well. The online survey responses revealed that the participating students benefited in terms of professional and personal development. There was an inter-item statistical difference implying that all the participants were agreeing or strongly agreeing to survey questions. All participants agreed on the usefulness of the manual. The main themes identified through qualitative analysis were technical skills acquisition, lifelong learning and teaching, self-assessment, discipline, time management, teamwork and communication skills. The creation of a clinical case manual for rotation, specific to the local needs can be done through a systematic process, that can be enriched by involving students. Encouraging the participation of students in co-creation is an important academic exercise that contributes to professional and personal development.

Refocusing, Reimaging, dan Rebuilding Sekolah Muhammadiyah

The service partner is MI Muhammadiyah Sidoharjo (MIM Plasan). The condition of school among: student achievement in academic and non-academic activities still needs to be optimized, teachers have pedagogic competencies that still need to be improved, teachers' abilities in mastering technology to support learning need to be developed, do not yet have a school website, and communication networks and partnerships need to be strengthened. The purpose of this service is to rebuild the image of MIM Plasan so as to gain public trust. The methods carried out are champion school workshops, learning development workshops, IT integration workshops in learning, school web and social media development, and strengthening cooperation networks. The results obtained are: the formation of teams and strategies for champion schools, the development of more comprehensive teacher competencies in compiling kit and integrating them with IT, as well as social media and websites that are more updated regularly. The school feels a direct impact in service activities.

Implementasi Project Based Learning untuk Mewujudkan Profil Pelajar Pancasila di Sekolah Dasar Negeri

This research aimed to analyze the implementation of Project Based Learning to create a Pancasila student profile at SD Negeri Bakulan, Yogyakarta. This type of research was qualitative in the form of a case study through interviews, observation, and document study. The research results showed good planning at SD Negeri Bakulan regarding the implementation of PjBL, which was characterized by team formation, scheduling, creating general themes, creating teaching modules, and outreach to students’s parents. The implementation stage was carried out by following the steps of the PjBL learning model. After the implementation stage, reflection and evaluation were carried out for each PjBL activity. Supporting factors in implementing PjBL at SD Negeri Bakulan include good cooperation from teachers, teacher readiness in planning and implementing it, high student enthusiasm, good parental enthusiasm, the existence of facilities and infrastructure as well as tools and materials that were readily available, and there were examples of implementing project learning on the independent teaching platform. . Meanwhile, factors that hinder the implementation were the students feeling bored in the middle of the process and teacher creativity still needs to be further developed.

Systematic Approach to Academic Teamwork as Basis of Effective Cooperation

A systematic approach to teamwork is important for clarifying the behavior of actors in a cooperative environment. The cooperative game as system steps is most often shown in teamwork. The aim of this article is to present the results of this research, in which two rounds of an experiment were carried out and then an interview was held to clarify the results. We pointed out academic teamwork. This article focuses on the research of team cooperation under specified conditions of an experiment on students, which were divided into organized and unorganized teams and assigned two different tasks. Within this research, team cooperation, quality of team results, and conflicts in teams were observed. Detailed results are presented in this article. The results of this research mainly present the different quality of team outputs, which is caused by the different abilities of the members of individual groups and not by the different form of team formation. The main result is also that knowledge and training on how to work together in a team had a positive impact on team results. From a managerial point of view, we see room for establishing an exact strategic procedure in the form of cooperation moves for a positive result of team cooperation in the business environment we are presenting.

Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Jaya Algorithm for Team Formation

Collaboration in a network is crucial for effective team formation. This paper addresses challenges in collaboration networks by identifying the skills required for effective team formation. The communication cost is low when agents with the same skills are connected. Our main objective is to minimize team communication costs by selecting agents with the required skills. However, finding an optimal team is a computationally hard problem. This study introduces a novel hybrid approach called I-PSO-Jaya (improved PSO-Jaya, which combines PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and the Jaya algorithm with the Modified Swap Operator to form efficient teams. A potential application scenario of the algorithm is to build a team of engineers for an IT project. The implementation results show that our approach gives an improvement of 73% in the Academia dataset and 92% in the ACM dataset compared to existing methods.

An accelerated deterministic algorithm for maximizing monotone submodular minus modular function with cardinality constraint

Submodular optimization not only covers some classical combinatorial optimization problems, but also has a wide range of applications in fields such as machine learning and artificial intelligence. For submodular maximization problems with constraints, some work has been done including the design of approximation algorithms, the measurement of approximation algorithms in terms of quality and efficiency, etc. In this paper, we consider the problem of maximizing a non-negative monotone submodular function minus a non-negative modular function with the cardinality constraint. This model has been applied to many scenarios, such as team formation problem, influence maximization problem, recommender systems problem, etc. We propose a threshold algorithm that achieve a (1/2−O(ε),2)-bicriteria approximation ratio and query complexity O(nlog⁡n). Our algorithm makes a small sacrifice in the approximation ratio but improves the best query complexity result of existing deterministic algorithms from O(n2) to O(nlog⁡n) in the worst case.

Why informationally diverse teams need not form, even when efficient

We introduce a model of team formation in which workers first match and then produce correlated signals about an unknown state. While it is efficient to maximize the number of informationally diverse teams, such teams need not form in equilibrium when output is shared equally. Our analysis identifies the two sources of matching inefficiency: (i) workers may form diverse teams that are beneficial to its members, but force excluded workers to form homogeneous teams, and (ii) even when a diverse team is efficient, a worker may prefer to join a homogeneous team if she can exert less effort than her teammate. We completely characterize each inefficiency.

From Individual Change Agents to ‘Revolutionary’ Teams: The Search and Selection Process of Team Formation within a Community of Practice

From Individual Change Agents to ‘Revolutionary’ Teams: The Search and Selection Process of Team Formation within a Community of Practice