Team Coordination Research Articles

Pengembangan Ekowisata Di Kawasan Hutan Provinsi Lampung

The development of eco-tourism positively impacts managers, the surrounding community, and the government. Therefore, appropriate eco-tourism development is needed so that the benefits of eco-tourism can be optimal and have a broad impact. This study aims to analyze the development of eco-tourism in the forest area of ​​Lampung Province. Sampling was carried out intentionally on decision-makers in forest area management within the scope of the Lampung Provincial Forestry Service, including the Head of Service, Head of UPTD KPH, and Administrator Officers, as many as 22 respondents. The data were analyzed descriptively on the eco-tourism development strategy stated in the Domestik Minister Regulation Number 33 of 2009 concerning Guidelines for Ecotourism Development in the region, which includes planning, utilization, and control. The results showed that the development of eco-tourism in forest areas carried out by the Lampung Provincial Government from planning, utilization, and management was not optimal. The Lampung Provincial and Regency Governments need to form a coordination team as a forum for communication and coordination between eco-tourism actors so that the development carried out technically can run ideally. In addition, cooperation with investors also needs to be carried out to overcome budget constraints and build an integrated eco-tourism information and service center.

Coordination‐behavior patterns of control crews in digital nuclear power plants during emergencies from a network perspective: An exploratory study

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the coordination‐behavior patterns of control crews in digital nuclear power plants (NPPs) during emergencies from a network perspective. We observed and coded 12 coordination processes (each from one crew) of handling simulated emergencies on a full‐scope dynamic simulator in Tianwan NPP of China. By calculating the proportion of coordination breakdowns and referring to the subjective evaluation of instructors, these control crews (all male) were classified into two performance levels (high and low). To compare the coordination‐behavior patterns between high‐ and low‐performing crews, we conducted social network analysis based on the number and direction of coordination behaviors. By examining intracrew relations in team coordination, this study indicated that high‐performing crews exhibited higher cohesion and more balanced behavioral patterns in team coordination than low‐performing ones. By investigating coordination‐behavior patterns from the hierarchical structure of relations in the team, this study revealed that high‐performing crews exhibited higher degree of team autonomy and self‐management among junior operators, as well as reactor operator (RO)‐centered pattern, whereas the low‐performing crews exhibited senior reactor operator‐centered pattern. For researchers, the results advance the understanding of the team coordination mechanism in NPP control rooms during emergencies and enrich team coordination theory in process control industries from the network perspective. In practice, this study suggested that the team coordination training of NPP control crews might be centered around junior operators (especially RO), with focuses on facilitating information sharing and mutual assistance between junior operators and enhancing the awareness of active cooperation of crew members. The results of the study provide nuclear instructors with practical reference to team coordination training and processes optimization.

A longitudinal explanatory case study of coordination in a very large development programme: the impact of transitioning from a first- to a second-generation large-scale agile development method

Large-scale agile development has gained widespread interest in the software industry, but it is a topic with few empirical studies of practice. Development projects at scale introduce a range of new challenges in managing a large number of people and teams, often with high uncertainty about product requirements and technical solutions. The coordination of teams has been identified as one of the main challenges. This study presents a rich longitudinal explanatory case study of a very large software development programme with 10 development teams. We focus on inter-team coordination in two phases: one that applies a first-generation agile development method and another that uses a second-generation one. We identified 27 coordination mechanisms in the first phase, and 14 coordination mechanisms in the second. Based on an analysis of coordination strategies and mechanisms, we develop five propositions on how the transition from a first- to a second-generation method impacts coordination. These propositions have implications for theory and practice.

Conversation dynamics in a multiplayer video game with knowledge asymmetry.

Despite the challenges associated with virtually mediated communication, remote collaboration is a defining characteristic of online multiplayer gaming communities. Inspired by the teamwork exhibited by players in first-person shooter games, this study investigated the verbal and behavioral coordination of four-player teams playing a cooperative online video game. The game, Desert Herding, involved teams consisting of three ground players and one drone operator tasked to locate, corral, and contain evasive robot agents scattered across a large desert environment. Ground players could move throughout the environment, while the drone operator's role was akin to that of a "spectator" with a bird's-eye view, with access to veridical information of the locations of teammates and the to-be-corralled agents. Categorical recurrence quantification analysis (catRQA) was used to measure the communication dynamics of teams as they completed the task. Demands on coordination were manipulated by varying the ground players' ability to observe the environment with the use of game "fog." Results show that catRQA was sensitive to changes to task visibility, with reductions in task visibility reorganizing how participants conversed during the game to maintain team situation awareness. The results are discussed in the context of future work that can address how team coordination can be augmented with the inclusion of artificial agents, as synthetic teammates.

TriService Nursing Research Program: A critical component to support military nursing science

TriService Nursing Research Program: A critical component to support military nursing science

225 OLDER PERSONS REHAB AT HOME (OPRAH) INDICATES AN EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY TO INPATIENT REHABILITATION

Abstract Background Older adults have longer hospital stays, higher incidence of nosocomial complications and higher readmissions rates. Older persons rehabilitation at home (OPRaH) is a novel service developed to provide patients with intensive domiciliary based therapy to regain function, mobility and social care goals. OPRaH offers a comprehensive geriatric and interdisciplinary approach. The model enables a safe and accelerated discharge from acute care to home. Methods Patients are identified and screened by a team coordinator. On Discharge to OPRaH the following measures were collected; basic demographics, referral source, clinical frailty score and Functional Independence Measures (FIM). Outcomes evaluated are the FIM change, readmission rates, length of inpatient stay savings and time on the service. Data from the first year of operation was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results 109 patients have undergone rehabilitation with the service with a median age of 82 years (63-103 range). Over two thirds (68%) were classified as frail, with 44% living alone. An injurious fall was the most common reason for index hospitalisation (50%). Referral source was inpatient acute medical team in 50% of cases, with 21% from acute geriatrics , 13 % ortho geriatrics, 13% surgical. Average functional independence measure scores improved from 89 to 102 (p = 0.007). There was no difference in the magnitude of improvement by frailty status (13 vs 14, p = 0.85). The average length of stay saving was 7 days per case, with a total of 757 days saved in one year. Readmission rate within 30 days was 9.3 %. Participants highly rated the service through structured evaluation. Conclusion This novel service provides a valuable intervention to a wide case-mix of older adults with evidence of improvements in formal markers of functional impairment after intervention. Referral was based on definable rehabilitation goals and not just on frailty status, age, or gender.

Challenges in transferring GP to heterogeneous contexts: the JADECARE Joint Action

Abstract In this first presentation of the workshop, Jon Txarramendieta, the Project Manager at the Coordination team of JADECARE will present the Joint Action and the challenges in transferring the good practices to the heterogeneous context of the Next Adopters. It will give context to the workshop and introduce good practices that are transferred into action.

Patient Voices in Hospital Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Hospitalized patients and their families may be reluctant to express safety concerns. We aimed to describe safety and quality concerns experienced by hospitalized patients and families and factors and outcomes surrounding decisions about voicing concerns, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 discharged inpatients or family members in a qualitative descriptive design. Some participants reported concern about staff competency or knowledge, communication and coordination, potential treatment errors, or care environment. Factors influencing feeling safe included healthcare team member characteristics, communication and coordination, and safe care expectations. Reasoning for voicing concerns often included personal characteristics. Reasons for not voicing concerns included feeling no action was needed or the concern was low priority. Outcomes for voicing a concern were categorized as resolved, disregarded, and unknown. These findings support the vital importance of open safety communication and trustworthy response to patients and family members who voice concerns.

Developing and validating a comprehensive measure of coordination in patient aligned care teams

Background/ObjectiveDespite numerous extant measures assessing context-specific elements of care coordination, we are unaware of any comprehensive, team-based instrument that measures the requisite mechanisms and conditions required to coordinate successfully. In this study we develop and validate the psychometric properties of the Coordination Practices Survey, a context-agnostic measure of coordination for primary care teams.MethodsCoordination items were developed based on a systematic literature review; items from previously developed scales were adapted and new items were created as needed; all items were refined after subject matter expert review and feedback. We collected data from Primary Care teams drawn from 1200 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical centers and outpatient clinics nationwide. 1645 primary care team members from 512 patient aligned care teams in the Veterans Health Administration completed the survey from 2015 to 2016. Psychometric properties were assessed after data collection using Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlations and multilevel confirmatory factor analysis to assess the factor structure.ResultsOur findings confirmed the psychometric properties of two distinguishable subscales of coordination: (a) Accountability and (b) Common Understanding. The within- and between-team latent structure of each subscale exhibited adequate fit to the data, as well as appropriately high Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlations. There was insufficient variability in responses to the predictability subscale to properly assess its psychometric properties.ConclusionWith context-specific validation, our subscales of accountability and common understanding may be used to assess coordination processes in other contexts for both research and operational applications.

A Review of Using Wearable Technology to Assess Team Functioning and Performance

Wearable technology enables collecting continuous in situ data from multiple people in various modalities, which can enhance team research and support, as the dynamic coupling of signals between interacting individuals (i.e., team coordination dynamics) is believed to reflect underlying processes and states of team functioning and performance. We conducted a systematic review on existing literature to evaluate the prospective use of wearable technology in research and practice. Using the IMOI framework as an organizing tool, our review revealed considerable support linking team coordination dynamics in different modalities to team functioning and performance, but also explicated the field’s nascent status.

A Case Study on Online Design Workshop Experience: Gamification and Space

Design schools consist of three main axes; courses that provide knowledge in various fields of design, studio courses and internships. Besides, the indisputable fact is the importance of design competitions and informal workshops that feed the designer candidate to gain experience in different fields of the discipline. In addition, another importance of informal workshops is the contribution of researchers in this field to the development of design education. The effects and potentials of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are also another area of research on design education, in particular design studio courses. The use of ICTs in the field of design education has led gamification to come to the fore as an ascending concept. A series of methodologies and tools have been developed, such as gamification, as well as the different kinds of Virtual Learning Environments to ensure the motivation of students and avoid the lack of attention in online courses. In this study, an online workshop, "Gamification and Space", is investigated as a case study. The contribution of the concept of gamification to design education has been evaluated in line with the observations and experiences gained. The data was gathered from the workshop presentations held on the last day and the final manuscripts of the workshops. The collected data was analyzed by the workshop coordination team, and classifications were made regarding the aspects of the gamification used during the workshop. In addition, it is aimed to discuss the potentials of ICTs in design courses. The observations show that the use of gamified elements has the potential to enrich instructional methods, especially when we consider online education, virtual learning environments and visual collaboration tools.

Certification program of Addiction Centres for hepatitis C virus elimination in Spain. HepCelentes Project.

Microelimination strategies for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vulnerable populations, such as users of Addiction Centres (AC), are key for the elimination of hepatitis C. The aim of the HepCelentes project was to design a certification program for AC from the generation of a guide with the criteria to favour the prevention, diagnosis, control, and treatment of HCV in Spain. The project was structured in 4 phases: normalisation, implementation, certification, and communication. In the first phase, developed between July and December 2020, a Steering Committee was created (formed by representatives of scientific societies, healthcare professionals from AC, primary care centres and hospital units, and patient associations) that, from of an exhaustive bibliographic review, generated by consensus an accreditation guide for AC. The guide consists of 22 criteria (15 mandatory and 7 recommended) structured based on the requirements to be met by AC, justification for the selection, level of action (management, prevention, diagnosis and treatment/follow-up), measurement of the indicator, objective level to be achieved, evidence of compliance, clarifications to improve understanding, and mandatory / recommendation (depending on their relevance to achieve HCV elimination and its feasibility for implementation in real practice). The development of a certification system for the AC, based on consensus and coordination of multidisciplinary teams, is intended to favour the management of hepatitis C and its elimination in AC users, supporting the international, national, and regional elimination strategies.

Improving participation of under-represented minorities in breast cancer therapeutic trials in a safety-net system.

90 Background: Racial and ethnic minorities remain under-represented in cancer clinical trials. Strategies to improve access and participation of diverse populations in clinical trials is therefore a key step to improve outcomes and eliminate disparities. Methods: Parkland Health (PH) is the safety-net system for Dallas County, Texas, and is affiliated with the UT Southwestern/Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center (SCCC). Trial operations at PH is mainly supported by a dedicated team of SCCC research coordinators. Interventions employed to increase minority access and accruals were focused on optimizing the portfolio, increasing provider awareness, and enhanced screening. A bilingual research patient navigator was also added to the research team to improve patient education and engagement. Transportation and childcare assistance are routinely provided for patients at PH. Accrual data for 2021, compared to 2017-2020, is presented here. Results: The majority (73%) of breast cancer patients at PH are uninsured and 88% belong to racial/ethnic minorities (57% Hispanics, 31% Blacks). Of the 15 therapeutic breast cancer trials open at SCCC in 2021, 12 (80%) were open at PH. The PH breast cancer trial portfolio included 4 cooperative group, 5 industry-sponsored (ISTs), and 3 investigator-initiated studies (IITs). Four trials were in metastatic setting and 8 were in curative intent setting. Four trials required a genomic biomarker. Forty-three patients were enrolled in therapeutic trials at PH in 2021. This represents 10.3% (43/418) of new cases during the same time period. Thirty-two were enrolled in cooperative group studies, 10 in IITs, and 1 in ISTs. The majority (93%) of the trial participants belonged to under-represented minorities. Number of trial participants in 2021 increased by 48% compared to the best year in the past 5 years (29 patients enrolled in 2018). Conclusions: Collaboration between academic institutions and safety-net systems presents a unique opportunity to provide clinical trial options to under-represented minorities. In this setting, interventions to improve trial portfolio, provider awareness, screening process, and patient education, as well as addition of a patient research navigator resulted in a significant increase in the number of minority participants in breast cancer trials at our safety-net hospital.

Assessment of muscular effort in workers performing an actual use-case manual material handling with and without the assistance of Bazar robot

Human-robot collaboration (HRC) technologies represent one of the new options for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMDs) [1]. They share the workspace with workers, communicate with them, manage the human partner's flexibility and ergonomics and physically interact, to work together on a common goal [2]. Reconfigurable collaborative robots adapt to the workers’ intentions and task variations, offloading them from external loads and keeping them in ergonomic working circumstances, to improve efficiency and quality of the task execution. Although collaborative work is a widespread method for lowering WMDs, the scientific literature reveals conflicting findings on its efficacy, due to factors affecting team capacity, autonomy, and coordination [3]. To measure motor coordination during dynamic tasks, a common approach is muscle co-activation that may become functionally unfavorable [3]. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate upper limb muscle coactivation in workers performing an industrial use case manual material handling (MMH), proposed by the SME HANKAMP (Netherlands), by comparing a scenario where the workers are helped by a dual-arm cobot BAZAR [4] with a scenario without BAZAR. This cobot BAZAR is being assessed in the context of SOPHIA (http://www.project-sophia.eu) project funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 (grant agreement No. 871237). Eleven participants (5 females and 6 males; 27.73±5.99 years; BMI: 23.06±3.93 kg/m2) took part in the study carried out at the University of Montpellier in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and authorized by the local Ethics Committee (Protocol number IRB-EM 2103 A). Six bipolar electrodes (FreeEMG300 System, BTS, Italy, sampling rate at 1000 Hz) were placed on the flexors and extensors muscles of the shoulder (anterior and posterior deltoideus), elbow (biceps and triceps brachii caput longum) and wrist (flexor and extensor carpi radialis) joints. The experiments are shown in the video available at: https://youtu.be/vul8iLO0Sdw. Each participant, after being instructed, completed the task 3 times without BAZAR and 3 with BAZAR (Fig. 1A). We randomly ordered the 2 conditions for each subject. Furthermore, participants performed a specific exercise twice with each muscle to obtain the isometric maximal voluntary contractions (iMVCs) [1,3]. The envelope of each task's sEMG signals was then extracted, normalized respect to the average iMVC peak value for each muscle, time-normalized and then interpolated according to the brushing sub-task duration (400 samples) [1,3]. The time-varying multi-muscle coactivation function (TMCf) [3] was estimated and the mean and maximum values were calculated. A statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate whether the help of the cobot had determined significant changes in each parameter (p-value < 0.05). Fig. 1 B show the mean and standard deviation of mean and max values of evaluated TMCf for each condition. Significant effects of the presence of BAZAR were found for mean (p<0.001) and max (p=0.001) values of TMCf: the values significantly decrease when the task is performed with BAZAR. The results showed a reduction in upper limb co-activation when the specific MMH was performed with BAZAR. Therefore, HRC technologies, which share the workspace with workers, not only offload workers from external loads and improve the task execution efficiency and quality. They also allow a better coordination and reduce the worker’s physical effort while she/he physically interacts with the robot, and positively affect her/his physiological motor strategy.

Underrepresented minority clinical trial participation: Perspectives of the research care team and patients.

93 Background: Clinical trials (CT) are important treatment options for patients with cancer, yet enrollment rates among underrepresented minority (URM) patients remain suboptimal. Oncology care teams need to assess barriers and facilitators of CT participation and identify practices and resources to better support patients. As part of a larger mixed-methods project, we elicited perspectives on improving URM CT enrollment from oncology research care teams and patients. Methods: We conducted four 60-minute focus groups with 12 oncology physicians, 12 research nurses, and nine clinical research coordinators, and semi-structured interviews with nine URM CT patients at a large academic medical center between January and December 2021. Results: Thematic analysis of the focus groups and interviews identified multiple barriers and potential resources and supports at the patient, healthcare team, institutional, and trial design levels. Barriers included difficulty ensuring patient understanding and informed consent, especially among patients with low health literacy and limited-English proficiency, complex logistical and financial demands of CT participation for patients, and the lack of multidisciplinary oncology care team collaboration. Collectively, these barriers undermined communication, trust, and the quality of patients’ relationships with the care team, all affecting CT participation. Suggested resources and practices included proactive needs assessments for all patients with early engagement of social workers, providing a liaison or navigator for each patient, services and support to reduce patient out of pocket costs, expansion of non-English materials availability and increased used of interpreters, increased training and diversity for all care team roles, and simplifying CT requirements by streamlining informed consent documents, eliminating unnecessary CT-related appointments, and broadening eligibility criteria. Conclusions: Findings suggest that changes in clinical trial design, care team coordination, and early assessment and monitoring of patients’ needs and experiences may help reduce access barriers and increase enrollment of URM patients into cancer CTs.

Commentary: collaborative systematic review may produce and share high-quality, comparative evidence more efficiently

Systematic reviews are necessary to synthesize available evidence and inform clinical practice and health policy decisions. There has been an explosion of evidence available in many fields; this makes it challenging to keep evidence syntheses up to date and useful. Comparative effectiveness systematic reviews are informative; however, producing these often-large reviews bring intense time and resource demands. This commentary describes the implementation of a systematic review using a collaborative model of evidence synthesis. We are implementing the collaborative review model to update a large Cochrane review investigating the efficacy and comparative effectiveness of the design, delivery, and type of exercise treatment for people with chronic low-back pain. Three key benefits of the collaborative review model for evidence synthesis are (1) team coordination and collaboration, (2) quality control measures, and (3) advanced comparative and other analyses. This new collaborative review model is developed and implemented to produce and share high-quality, comparative evidence more efficiently while building capacity and community within a research field.

Organisational survey for acute stroke care in Vietnam: Regional Collaboration Programme

ObjectivesLow-middle income countries, such as Vietnam have a greater burden from stroke than high-income countries. Few health professionals have stroke specialist training, and the quality of care may vary between hospitals. To support improvements to stroke care, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the resources available in hospitals in Vietnam to manage acute stroke. Materials and methodsThe survey questions were adapted from the Australian Organisational Survey of Stroke Services (Stroke Foundation). The final 65 questions covered the topics: hospital size and admissions for stroke; use of clinical protocols and assessments conducted; team structure and coordination; communication and team roles. The survey was distributed electronically or via paper form in Vietnamese to clinical leaders of 91 eligible hospitals (November–December 2020). Data were summarised descriptively. ResultsSixty-six (73%) hospitals responded, and doctors predominately completed the survey (98%). Approximately 70% of hospitals had a stroke unit; median 630 acute strokes/year (IQR: 250-1200) and >90% used stroke clinical protocols. The daytime nurse-patient ratio was 1:4. There was a perceived lack of access to allied health staff, including psychologists/neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, and speech pathologists. Only 50% reported having a standardised rehabilitation assessment process. ConclusionsThis is the first large-scale cross-sectional, national overview of stroke services in Vietnam. Future research should include a systematic clinical audit of stroke care to confirm aspects of the data from these hospitals. Repeating the survey in future years will enable the tracking of progress and may influence capacity building for stroke care in Vietnam.

Challenges of Agile–Crowd Software Development: A Systematic Literature Review

Crowdsourcing is an emerging approach in software development, where software is developed by unknown, heterogeneous people around the globe, via an open call by the employer. Crowdsourcing, when used with agile, faces challenges because of the different development methodologies. Agile development methodology has practices that involve face-to-face frequent interaction, whereas crowdsourcing is a distributed development with no or limited face-to-face interaction. Both concepts are actively being used in the software development industry due to their benefits. However, there is a need to explore the integration of both methodologies for an effective and efficient software development. In this regard, the first step is to identify the challenges of integrating crowdsourcing and agile. In this paper, we intend to identify the possible challenges that may be faced while executing agile along with crowdsourcing. For this, we have conducted a Systematic Literature Review. Five main categories of challenges are presented which are: team issues, coordination and communication issues, organizational issues, project-related issues and task-related issues. A list of possible challenges of Agile–Crowd Software Development (ACSD) is presented in this study.

Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) in architectural design meetings: from a case study to knowledge-to-action framework

PurposeDesign for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) challenges architects in managing diverse knowledge across different professional domains. Little research, if any, has documented DfMA as a knowledge-intensive activity happening in real-life cases. This research aims to investigate DfMA knowledge acquisition, sharing and implementation in real-life practice and develop DfMA knowledge-to-action framework for architects.Design/methodology/approachIt does so by (1) conducting observations in design meetings, documentary analysis and interviews, (2) thematic analysis through knowledge management (KM) perspectives and (3) based on this profound understanding, enriching the prior understanding of design as a double diamond process.FindingsThrough the lens of KM, DfMA is not merely a double but multiple diamond process, involving the iteration of making absenting interdisciplinary knowledge available, deciphering tacit knowledge explicit and embedding the knowledge in a design that well considers various criteria, the downstream manufacturing, logistics and assembly in particular. To execute multi-faceted knowledge acquisitions and implementations in DfMA, architects should balance their roles as humble learners, team coordinators, creative leaders and democratic negotiators.Originality/valueThis research reveals the DfMA implementation process, activities and dilemmas from real-world design meetings. The DfMA knowledge-to-action framework developed in this study, along with practice examples and lessons learned, can facilitate architects to play new roles. Future research is recommended to fine-tune the framework by having other stakeholders’ perspectives, refining it with additional cases and developing assistive tools for designers based on the framework.

Developing, evaluating and scaling learning agents in multi-agent environments

The Game Theory &amp; Multi-Agent team at DeepMind studies several aspects of multi-agent learning ranging from computing approximations to fundamental concepts in game theory to simulating social dilemmas in rich spatial environments and training 3-d humanoids in difficult team coordination tasks. A signature aim of our group is to use the resources and expertise made available to us at DeepMind in deep reinforcement learning to explore multi-agent systems in complex environments and use these benchmarks to advance our understanding. Here, we summarise the recent work of our team and present a taxonomy that we feel highlights many important open challenges in multi-agent research.