Team Concept Research Articles

Women as a Growing Force in Critical Care Medicine-the Journal, Profession, and Society.

Women as a Growing Force in Critical Care Medicine-the Journal, Profession, and Society.

439 Research Dynamics within a New Multi-Institutional Cross-Disciplinary Translational Team (MCTT): A Formative Study

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This report evaluates participants’experiences from three universities who assembled a complex grant proposal related to research on post-acute sequala of COVID-19 (PASC), also called long COVID. Activities reviewed ranged from the assembly of the team to responses to reviews by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews, conducted and recorded on Zoom, with a sample of 15 scientists and staff both during proposal assembly and following proposal review. The sample comprised 40% of the total team equally selected from the 3 universities, The interview protocol was reviewed by the IRB at UTMB and the interviews were recorded on Zoom, and analyzed by means of the constant comparative strategy in the grounded theory method of qualitative research. Given the relatively small number of interviews in this project, we paid special attention to preserving the confidentiality of respondents. Only the verbal tracks of the interviews were professionally transcribed. Respondents were asked to suggest changes for future inter-organizational proposals. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: FIRST INTERVIEWS *LEADERSHIP: The scope of leadership opportunities was expanded as sub-teams in specific areas such as community engagement were formed. *TEAM: Each university’s community engagement team specializes in a different ethnic clientele, precluding a singular statement for the proposal. SECOND INTERVIEWS *LEADERSHIP: Staff members noted that the team concept too easily evolved into a bureaucratic format, resulting in less negotiation and more direction. *ASSEMBLY TASKS: The Writing Team turned out to be one of the most critical staff teams. *COMMUNICATION: The behavioral scientists in community engagement do not necessarily share paradigms (e.g., public health, psychology, and social work). They had difficulty generating productive communication and a unified statement for the proposal. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The scientists, as a group, suggested that future proposals should focus on one general topic, such as the microbiome, as opposed to attempting to integrate widely divergent interests. The scientists as a group should decide a priori whether to treat innovative ideas such as machine learning science as a science or a service.

From Teams to Teamness: Future Directions in the Science of Team Cognition.

We review the current state-of-the-art in team cognition research, but more importantly describe the limitations of existing theories, laboratory paradigms, and measures considering the increasing complexities of modern teams and the study of team cognition. Research on, and applications of, team cognition has led to theories, data, and measures over the last several decades. This article is based on research questions generated in a spring 2022 seminar on team cognition at Arizona State University led by the first author. Future research directions are proposed for extending the conceptualization of teams and team cognition by examining dimensions of teamness; extending laboratory paradigms to attain more realistic teaming, including nonhuman teammates; and advancing measures of team cognition in a direction such that data can be collected unobtrusively, in real time, and automatically. The future of team cognition is one of the new discoveries, new research paradigms, and new measures. Extending the concepts of teams and team cognition can also extend the potential applications of these concepts.

Perioperative Medicine: What the Future Can Hold for Anesthesiology.

Perioperative Medicine: What the Future Can Hold for Anesthesiology.

The general practitioner in charge of addictive behavior

IntroductionRecent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.The aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.Recent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.MethodsA cross-sectional study involved 84 GPs in the city of Monastir, Tunisia. Self‐reported questionnaire was designed to survey the prevalence of patients with detectable addictive behavior among the outpatient GP clinic visitors.ResultsThe participation rate was 93.3% (84/90). The prevalence of addictive behaviors was variable (38-59.5%). Tobacco use was the most common addiction (91.7%). More than seventy percent of questioned GPs were regularly consulting patients with known addictive behavior. The diagnosis was incidental in 7% of cases. Sixty percent of patients had predisposing factors for addiction. Diagnostic with screening difficulties for addictive behavior were independently related to doctor’s age >40 (OR = 6.51; p = 0.005), exercise in private clinic (OR= 6.46; p=0.004). Thirty-three percent of GPs were more involved in addiction monitoring. The use of assessment scales was noted in 15%. Young physician age (OR=5.20; p=0.002) and the absence postgraduate diploma in addictology (OR=9.66; p=0.01) were significantly associated addiction management avoidance.ConclusionsThis study aimed to assess of the attitude of GP in Monastir city regarding the addictive behaviors of their patients. The diagnosis and the management of addiction is not standardized for these health practitioners and this will not contribute to the battle against this social entity.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The Development of Rule-based AI Engagement Model for Air-to-Air Combat Simulation

Since the concept of Manned-UnManned Teaming(MUM-T) and Unmanned Aircraft System(UAS) can efficiently respond to rapidly changing battle space, many studies are being conducted as key components of the mosaic warfare environment. In this paper, we propose a rule-based AI engagement model based on Basic Fighter Maneuver(BFM) capable of Within-Visual-Range(WVR) air-to-air combat and a simulation environment in which human pilots can participate. In order to develop a rule-based AI engagement model that can pilot a fighter with a 6-DOF dynamics model, tactical manuals and human pilot experience were configured as knowledge specifications and modeled as a behavior tree structure. Based on this, we improved the shortcomings of existing air combat models. The proposed model not only showed a 100 % winning rate in engagement with human pilots, but also visualized decision-making processes such as tactical situations and maneuvering behaviors in real time. We expect that the results of this research will serve as a basis for development of various AI-based engagement models and simulators for human pilot training and embedded software test platform for fighter.

What factors may influence decision-making in the operation of Maritime autonomous surface ships? A systematic review

Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are being introduced with high levels of autonomy. This means that not only the role of the human operator is changing but also the way in which operations are performed. MASS are expected to be uncrewed platforms that are operated from a Remote Control Centre (RCC). As such, the concept of human-machine teams is important. The operation of MASS however shares some resemblance to other uncrewed platforms (e.g. Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles; UAVs) and it may be that lessons could be learned in relation to the development of MASS systems. A systematic literature review has been conducted, focusing on decision making, to generate insights into operating uncrewed vehicle platforms and design recommendations for MASS. Seven themes were revealed: decision support systems, trust, transparency, teams, task/role allocation, accountability and situation awareness. A Network Model was developed to show the interconnections between these themes which was then applied to a case study of an UAV accident. The purpose of doing this was to demonstrate the utility of the model to real-world scenarios and showed how each theme applied within the human-machine team.

Normative Team Age Prototypes: Exploring Follower, Leader, and Team Characteristics

Abstract The concept of implicit organizational timetables suggests that leaders are expected to be older than their followers. However, increased age diversity in the workforce has led to situations in which this is not the case. Expanding on the core tenets of leader categorization theory, the present study establishes the concept of an age-prototypical team characterized by the age of the leader relative to their followers and explores how team age prototypicality influences subsequent observer evaluations of the team. Moreover, this study examines possible boundary conditions and intermediary mechanisms that further explain bias in the evaluation of age-diverse teams. To establish and explore the nature and effect of age-based team prototypes, we conducted 3 independent experimental vignette studies. In Study 1 (n = 590), we establish evidence for age-based team prototypes, by demonstrating a “leaders are older, followers are younger” prototype and further considering the diversity of follower age as a boundary condition for the effects of leader age on ratings of attraction to the team, anticipated team behaviors, and expectations for future success. Then, in Study 2 (n = 686) and Study 3 (n = 782), we extend these results by examining how the perception of team (Study 2) and leader (Study 3) performance cues are influenced by team age composition prototypes. In Study 3, we also consider intermediary attributional mechanisms that explain associations between performance and perceived qualities of the team. Results suggest that prototype inconsistent teams (i.e., teams with younger leaders and older followers) are viewed more harshly in the face of negative performance cues as a function of team composition rather than because of leader or follower attributes individually.

A Structural Solution for Task Management in a Resident-Directed, Team-Based Radiotherapy Clinic

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> The radiation oncology service at our urban safety net hospital is high volume and organized into a series of resident-directed Teams covering various disease sites. As configured in our OIS, task management was difficult, and OIS-related miscommunication led to rushed/excess work and risked patient impact. An initiative was started to reduce the incidence of such miscommunication and associated sequelae. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> A root cause analysis was performed. Clinical and OIS processes were mapped and failure modes assessed. While the clinic was organized into Teams, the OIS was not, and manual assignment of users to tasks was required. This was time consuming and error prone, with errors most common after residents rotated, during cross coverage, and with long intervals between consultation and simulation. Scheduling therapists often scheduled the incorrect resident to at least one task. Multiple attendings had patients on any given Team, but each was unable to see the entire Team's tasks. Tasks associated to specific residents had to be accounted for after they switched rotations. OIS functionality was such that only attendings could be automatically assigned to tasks and that individual tasks could not be assigned to multiple user groups. An alternative solution was developed involving a specific naming schema for tasks, creation of virtual resources for task assignment representing Teams and key user groups, and procurement of Team-specific VOIP phones. <h3>Results</h3> The Team concept was integrated into the OIS, and missed tasks and other OIS-related miscommunication are no longer a common reason for process failure. A minimum set of actions necessary to meet needs was codified into a set of Team-based clinical pathways. Task naming used the convention "<responsible group> - <task>." Tasks assigned to Team resources allowed rapid Team-specific, user group-specific identification of rate-limiting actions when sorted alphabetically. This also allowed transparency into the status of key activities performed by all user groups. Attendings maintained an accurate personal list. The updated system was reliable, required fewer actions, and reduced cognitive demand for all users. For schedulers, the minimum number of clicks required went from 25 to 5 and the minimum number of choices went from 8 to 1. Work to determine which resident to schedule was eliminated as therapists could rely on the less variable Team concept. A forcing function detected likely failure modes of wrong attending and wrong Team. Team-specific VOIP phones allowed the correct resident to be contacted no matter their physical location while minimizing interruptions to co-residents. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A novel implementation of virtual task lists improved quality by eliminating systematic sources of error and excess work.

Power of nonverbal behavior in online business negotiations: understanding trust, honesty, satisfaction, and beyond

ABSTRACT Digital teamwork has become prevalent and is ever since becoming part of the human work- and life-style, globally. But in comparison with face-to-face setting, virtual teams face multifold challenges. To date, scarce empirical research has examined whether team-breaking challenges are associated with limited access to peer nonverbal signals. This study examines whether access to body signals is associated with effective teamwork, and whether limited access provokes key team challenges. We also examine what social-psychological team concepts can be detected from peers’ consciously or unconsciously displayed visual cues that cannot be as effectively gained without visual access. 14 dyadic teams of MBA students were examined in an online business negotiation task to reach an authentic commercial deal. Half of the teams negotiated only through voice and text, while the other half had camera access as well. Using an exploratory mixed methods analysis, we identified 12 unique team factors based on nonverbal data. We also found that teams with camera access could build mutual trust more rapidly, detect peer honesty better, and realize agreements on suggestions more accurately. Surprisingly, we also found instances where camera access became stressful and participants reported it as an additional burden. Conclusions and implications are reported at the end.

Pulmonary embolism response team implementation and its clinical value across countries: a scoping review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Over the last years, the concept of multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response teams (PERTs) has been developed to encounter the increasing variety and complexity in the management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE), but data on the use and the benefit of PERT are sparse. Purpose We aimed to systematically investigate the composition of PERT and its clinical value in clinical routine across different countries. Methods We searched PubMed, CENTRAL and Web of Science until January 2022 for full-text, prospective and retrospective observational studies, which included patients with acute PE who were evaluated by a PERT. Eligible articles were designed to either describe the structure and function of PERTs and/or to investigate outcomes related to the implementation of PERT. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of controlled studies (PERT vs. pre-PERT era) to investigate the impact of PERTs on clinical outcomes and use of advanced therapies. Results We included 22 original studies and four surveys. Overall, 31.5% of patients with PE were evaluated by PERT referred mostly by emergency departments (59.4%). In total, PERT involved a median of 6 (range 2–10) specialties for guiding further diagnostic and treatment modalities. Patients evaluated by a PERT had a mean age of 60 years; of them, 48.7% were females, and 23.5% suffered from malignancy. Right ventricular dysfunction was present in 55% of the patients. In total, 74.5% were classified as intermediate-risk PE and 16% as high-risk PE. In eleven single-arm studies, 1,532 patients with intermediate- and high-risk PE were evaluated by PERT with a mortality rate of 10% and a bleeding rate of 9%. The mean length of stay was 7.3 days and the use of advanced therapy was reported in 30% of all cases. From these, catheter-directed treatment (CDT) was performed in 22% and inferior vena cava filter was inserted in 15%, while systemic thrombolysis was administered in only 6%, surgical thrombectomy in 2% and ECMO in 3% of all cases. When comparing PERT and pre-PERT era no difference in mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67–1.19, I2=63%) was observed based on nine controlled studies, while mortality tended to be lower when including only intermediate and high-risk patients in the analysis (RR 0.71, 95% CI 045–1.12) (Figure 1). The use of advanced therapies was more common (RR 2.67, 95% CI 1.29–5.50) and the in-hospital stay as well as the duration of treatment in intensive care unit was shorter (mean difference −1.6 days and −1.8 days, respectively) in the PERT era. Conclusion PERT implementation tended to reduce the mortality rate in patients with intermediate- and high-risk PE and resulted in a shorter in-hospital stay. Large prospective studies are needed to further explore the impact of PERTs on clinical outcomes. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

To Study the Effect of Individualized Nursing Model Based on MDT Concept on Limb Function Recovery and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Objective To study the value of the individualized nursing model based on the concept of multidisciplinary team (MDT) on recovery of limb function and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 110 breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. The 110 breast cancer patients were divided into the research group (n = 55) and the control group (n = 55) according to the random number table method. The control group received routine care. The research group implemented individualized nursing based on the MDT concept on the basis of routine nursing. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) scores before nursing and 1 month after nursing were studied in the two groups, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-B (FACT-B) score. Results After 1 month of nursing, the DASH score of the research group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and after 1 month of nursing, the HAMA score of the research group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After 1 month of nursing, the HAMD scale score of the research group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 1 month of nursing, the FACT-B score of the research group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The individualized nursing model based on the MDT concept has high application value for breast cancer patients. This nursing model can improve the function of limb movement, relieve the patient's anxiety and depression, and improve the patient's quality of life. This nursing model is worthy of clinical promotion.

P9.32: Excellent Outcome Quality Is Not Dependent on a High Caseload in Liver Transplantation

Background: Today’s dogma without clear evidence is that case volume correlates with patients’ outcome after liver transplantation (LT). Thus, we prospectively analyzed the outcomes in our low volume center, which is characterized with strong interdisciplinary and interprofessional concepts. Methods: Our LT program was re-organized and re-structured in 2016 including a center-embedded interdisciplinary and interprofessional team concept with new clinical standards for the peri-, intraoperative and follow-up management of patients. In parallel, routine pre-transplant histopathological evaluation of donor organs was established. Outcomes of 166 adult LTs (125 male; median age of 55.4 years [19 to 74 years]) performed between November 2016 and November 2021 was documented in a prospective database driven manner and compared with high volume centers. Kaplan-Meier method was used for long-term patient and graft survival. Results: 1-/ 5-years patient and graft survival was 95.3%/ 91.8% and 82.7% and 78.4%, respectively. The median ICU stay was 2 days [1-125 days] and the median hospital stay was 15 days [7-187 days]. Hospital readmissions were necessary within the first 30 days and 1 year after discharge in 8% and 16% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: Clearly defined standards developed within an interdisciplinary and interprofessional team concept result in best possible outcome quality of treatment after LT independent of caseload.

Fuhrman and Zimmerman’s Pediatric Critical Care, 6th Edition

Fuhrman and Zimmerman’s Pediatric Critical Care, 6th Edition

Sosialisasi Peran Tim Kerja Karyawan Dalam Mendukung Kinerja Usaha Pada UMKM Rumah Jamur

The problem of teamwork at the Nando mushroom house business is that the employees are still less compact in the work given, they are more likely to work individually in completing the work, they do not help each other in terms of work, they prefer their own work and finish while other employees not ready in terms of work but they look indifferent without offering help to each other. this will affect employee performance in the future. The purpose of this service is to provide socialization of the role of the employee work team, which is to be able to support business performance at the Nando Mushroom House UMKM in Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. The result of this service is that the participants understand more about the concept of an Employee Work Team that can support business performance. The mushroom business owner Nando becomes a facilitator to help the team, mediate and resolve conflicts between teams, and interact with the work team.

Incorporation of an Efficient Pharmacist Workflow During the Transition From In-Person to Telemedicine Geriatric Clinics in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic created care continuity challenges for older adults in the ambulatory care setting. Similarly, maintaining the multidisciplinary team concept of geriatric care among healthcare practitioners working from home presented several logistical difficulties. It became apparent there was a need to address these problems to avoid care gaps in this vulnerable population. Realizing that in-person clinics could put vulnerable older adults at increased risk of contracting COVID-19, a workflow was proactively developed to convert a traditional in-person multidisciplinary geriatric clinic to a telemedicine-based model. A video patient encounter option within our electronic health record along with a secure on-line meeting platform was used to maintain a team-based approach to care. This resulted not only in a high level of efficiency in care delivery, but also ensured the safety of older adult patients served by the clinic. This model provides a template for the continued use of telemedicine as a strategy for the care of vulnerable older adults who experience challenges with attending in-person clinics.

Investigation and Analysis of the Key Success Factors for Visually Impaired Life Reconstruction-Take Taiwan as an Example

The visually impaired should return to society as soon as possible and reduce various negative impacts on their lives, as well as achieve independent living, employment, and other goals, the training of various skills for the visually impaired is particularly important. The main purpose of this research is to find out the key success factors in the teaching of the visually impaired, to achieve the highest goal of assisting the visually impaired in the reconstruction of their lives. The research conducted interviews with professional teachers of the visually impaired in the form of expert questionnaires, focusing on the organization&amp;rsquo;s business environment, business team philosophy and capabilities, students&amp;rsquo; physical characteristics and learning motivation, teaching environment, and management team concepts, and internal processes. A total of 35 questions in 5 facets were discussed in-depth, and the results found 5 questions including government policy support, resource development network connection ability, student learning motivation, professional/teacher education training and motivation, and the ability to plan course activities. The items were deemed important and necessary by all experts. This shows that the current society for the teaching of the visually impaired still needs to invest more social resources. The survey questionnaire, it is found that the systematic establishment of teaching model for the reconstruction of the visually impaired requires many links to complement each other. It is not achieved overnight from the development of teachers, the psychological factors of the visually impaired, even to the learning motivation.

Cum poate ajuta „echipa roșie” la desfășurarea procesului de planificare specific Forțelor Aeriene?

"Command has always been the responsibility of commanders, regardless of the echelon, its materialisation being based on decision as well as on decision-making process. The geometry of the operating environment, the continuous transformation of the types of operations and, implicitly, of the way of approaching them have led to the identification of alternatives in terms of supporting the decision-making act. In this regard, the concept (and possibly its materialisation) of Red Team can be a viable alternative."

How Can the Red Team Help Carry out the Air Force Planning Process?

"Command has always been the responsibility of commanders, regardless of the echelon, its materialisation being based on decision as well as on decision-making process. The geometry of the operating environment, the continuous transformation of the types of operations and, implicitly, of the way of approaching them have led to the identification of alternatives in terms of supporting the decision-making act. In this regard, the concept (and possibly its materialisation) of Red Team can be a viable alternative."

Factors Affecting Virtual Team Performance in UAE Organisations

The concept of the virtual teams is getting popularized all over the world to connect different skilled professional on a single forum to achieve a common goal. To get maximum of the benefits of the virtual teams, it is essential to understand the associate problems and the factors which affect the virtual team performance. This paper uncovered several factors in the major domains of the communication competency, cultural intelligence, and knowledge sharing and collaboration parameters affecting virtual team performance in UAE. Collection of the data focused on recording the perception of the MNC employees in UAE where 318 valid data samples were gathered and analyzed for Mean value and standard deviation. The analysis results revealed that all the parameters have high level relation with virtual team performance. These finding can be helpful for preparing effective strategies to improve the communication system and maximize the performance of the virtual teams.