Educational Texts Research Articles

The Application of the Original Teaching Method of Bilingual Course Cases in the Perspective of Cultivating Foreigner Legal Talents

Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core has repeatedly emphasized the need to strengthen the training of foreign-related legal talents. In this context, the importance of bilingual legal courses has become more prominent. To effectively improve teaching effectiveness, the case based original text teaching method should be introduced. The original case texts include international law case texts and country law case texts from important countries or regions such as the United States and the European Union; When teaching, the method of intensive reading should be adopted, under the careful organization of the teacher ,which is to achieve a one-stop acquisition of legal professional knowledge and language skills through three processes: preview in advance, intensive classroom teaching, and reinforcement after class. This teaching method integrates the acquisition of substantive law knowledge, procedural law knowledge, and other disciplinary background knowledge.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Teks Eksplanasi Berbantuan Aplikasi Canva Pada Siswa Kelas VIII

This research aims to, (1) determine the process of developing teaching materials explanatory text assisted by the Canva application, (2) describes the shape development of explanatory text teaching materials assisted by the Canva application, (3) measuring the feasibility of developing assisted explanatory text teaching materials Canva application for class VIII students. This research uses samples as many as 30 students in class VIII-3 at SMP Al-Washliyah 30 Sukoharjo Medan with the research and development (R&D) method developed by Sugiyono 2017 with stages of potential and problems, data collection, design product, product validation, product revision, and product testing. Instruments that used inthis research is the Likert scale on the material validation questionnaire, media, teacher assessment, and student responses. The research results show that Explanatory text teaching materials assisted by the Canva application for class VIII SMP students including the "very good" criteria which can be seen from the validation of the material to obtain a score 94.25% in the "very good" category, media validation received a score of 95% with the "very good" category, and the teacher's assessment of the subject area received a score 97.5% in the "very good" category. Therefore it can be concluded that Explanatory text teaching materials assisted by the Canva application are suitable for use in the learning process.

Evaluating computer science students reading comprehension of educational multimedia-enhanced text using scalable eye-tracking methodology

In this research, a mixed-method approach was employed to conduct large-scale eye-tracking measurements, traditionally associated with high costs and extensive time commitments. Utilizing consumer-grade webcams in conjunction with open-source software, data was collected from an expansive cohort of students, thereby demonstrating the scalability and cost-effectiveness of this innovative methodology. The primary objective of this research was to discern the disparities in reading behaviour when students were presented with standard text accompanied by illustrations, compared to the same text with highlighted key terms. The participants, comprised of first-year university students, completed a questionnaire and an introductory test to ascertain their knowledge level. Subsequently, they were segregated into two groups and participated in two reading sessions, during which their ocular movements were recorded. The amassed data underwent both qualitative analyses, facilitated by visualizations, and quantitative analysis, employing statistical measures on the data and test results. Notably, no significant difference was observed in the gaze patterns or test results between the experimental and control groups. However, a significant divergence in gaze patterns was identified between high-achieving students and those experiencing difficulties, as evidenced by the averaged composite heatmaps generated from the data. The findings underscore two pivotal points. Firstly, the feasibility of conducting large-scale eye-tracking experiments is demonstrated. Traditional studies in this field often employ small population samples due to the time and financial constraints associated with methods that utilize specialized eye-tracking hardware. In contrast, our methodology is scalable, relying on low-end hardware and enabling students to record data on their personal devices. Secondly, while eye-tracking may not provide substantial benefits for fine-tuning text already optimized for readability, it could serve as a valuable tool for identifying and assisting learners who are struggling. This mixed-method approach holds significant potential to revolutionize the conduct and interpretation of eye-tracking studies within educational settings.

Development of “sacredness-morality” concept in Russian pedagogical education of the last century

Introduction. The article is the result of analyzing complex dual-core concept of “Sacredness and Morality” in the discourse of educational text on pedagogy. Aim and objectives. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of the concept for pedagogical discourse, including its basic conceptual features.Materials and Methods. Conceptological analysis made it possible to develop a system of conceptual features for each of the nuclear concepts.Results. The structure of the concept has five conceptual features characteristic of both nuclear concepts: ideality, complexity, achievability, social and individual conditionality. The resulting model was applied to the textbooks on pedagogy of pre-Revolution, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In all cases, it established incomplete relationship with the original linguistic form. In preRevolution period, concept structure did not expose two cores, sacredness concept had a complex structure and is individually conditioned, possibility of its full implementation was rather denied, verbal signs of its dependence on social attitudes were not found in the text, and sign of ideality was not fully realized. The implementation of concept in the textbook of mid-twentieth century looked too idealized. The construction of an absolutely new communist morality made it possible to present current understanding of the concept in “broad strokes”, to express the neophytes’ conviction in reality of embodying standard of a true communist through the means of Soviet education. The model proposed by modern authors did not implement core of morality in general. The textbook returns to one of original ideas about sacredness, but with significant differences. Firstly, it equalized all religious ideas and excluded dominance of one confession in education process. Secondly, it perceived weak social conditioning as a shortcoming that must have been eliminated.Discussion and Conclusions. Analysis of the factors limiting full concept representation lead to recommendations for their elimination. We propose to consider modern request for sacred and moral education in light of normal evolution of the concept underlying it. Despite the words order in nominating phrase, morality core is interpretive and fundamental for a correct understanding of sacredness. For effective work on needs of moral education, we recommend organizing practical work consistently, with progressive and gradual formation of first moral values, and then sacred ones. The basic principles of such work should be those conceptual features that are regularly and fully implemented in each of concept cores.

Development of Infographic Based Biographical Text Teaching Materials with QR Code Assistance for Class X SMA Students

Indonesian language learning at SMA Negeri 1 Blitar for biographical text material has not been carried out well due to the use of teaching materials that have not been varied. Teaching materials for biographical text material need to be developed to support the implementation of learning activities. The development of biographical text teaching materials based on infographics with the help of QR codes for class The aim of this research is to (1) describe the needs analysis, (2) describe the development process, and (3) describe the feasibility of product development for infographic teaching materials assisted by QR code biographical text material for class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Blitar. This teaching material was developed based on the Borg & Gall development model which consists of three stages, namely 1) needs analysis as a preliminary study, 2) product development, and 3) feasibility test of the final product. The validity of the product being developed can be determined through material expert validation and media expert validation activities. The validation results show that the biographical text teaching material product based on QR code-assisted infographics for class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Blitar is very suitable for use in the learning process.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Teks Deskripsi Berbasis Aplikasi Android Construct 2 Kelas VII SMP/MTS

This research aims to develop descriptive text teaching materials based on the Android Construct 2 application. Based on analysis data, teaching materials are developed using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model in Research and Development research. Teaching materials begin with analysis which includes curriculum analysis, teaching materials, student needs, and teacher interviews. The results of the analysis of student needs show that students have studied and know the basic descriptive text material, but the structure and needs material is material that is still difficult to understand. Based on the results of the analysis, a research design was prepared including curriculum design, materials, and media. Based on the design results, a research development was prepared including the cover of the teaching materials, the introductory part included a menu for getting to know the material, games, and evaluation, learning activity part 1 presented learning using a scientific approach, learning activity 2 presented descriptive text material, and learning activity 3 presented the game menu. Based on the development results, the product was implemented in the form of product confirmation to teachers with the result of getting a tick in the "YES" column in all aspects and confirmation from class VII students at SMP NEGERI 74 Jakarta by getting a "YES" tick for a total of thirty-one out of thirty-two aspects. Based on this, it can be concluded that the product that has been developed is suitable for use in the learning process.

“Dantes Dicit.” Notes on Dante as Auctoritas in the Medieval Academic Community

Dante’s articulate and sometimes critical attitude towards the academic community is evident in several of his works, specifically in Paradiso. To understand the actual extent of this ‘anti-academic’ attitude, this study considers the magistri of the higher schools and the holders of university chairs to observe their position regarding the Commedia. The study aims to ascertain whether the poem was regarded as a teaching text in the 14th and 15th centuries, and particularly whether it was referred to in the textual hermeneutics practiced in lectio. The analysis examined the utilization of the Commedia within schools and universities as an authoritative text in the commentary on the canon of the auctores maiores. The inclusion of Dante’s glosses in various manuscripts recalled to provide erudite data, lexical interpretations, exempla, and sententiae, reflects the progressive integration of the poem within the academic community. This integration signifies its acknowledgment among the auctores employed in exegetical practices, a phenomenon observed across various geographical regions as evidenced by the analyzed manuscripts.

Strategi Inovatif Pemanfaatan Teks Proposal untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar 101961

The proposal text is one of the text types taught in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools. However, the teaching of proposal texts is often carried out using conventional methods that do not actively involve students. This research aims to explore innovative strategies in utilizing proposal texts to improve Indonesian language learning outcomes for elementary school students. The research method used is classroom action research by applying a project-based learning strategy through group assignments to develop proposal texts. The research subjects were fifth-grade students at Public Elementary School X in City Y. Data were collected through observations, written tests, and interviews with teachers and students. The research results show that innovative strategies for using proposal texts can improve student learning outcomes, including writing skills, understanding of text structure, and vocabulary and language elements. Students become more motivated and actively involved in the learning process. They also develop critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration skills in developing proposal texts. This strategy has proven effective and can be implemented in Indonesian language learning in other elementary schools to improve student learning outcomes and language skills.

Photographic Frames in the Westgate Mall Terror Attack Coverage

Literary studies have evolved over the past few decades to include popular culture fields as text. Proponents of this inclusion argue that songs, memes, tweets, local dialects, and slogans say as much about people and cultures as traditional texts – perhaps even more. The opinion is that, by over-relying on traditional text for literary fodder, scholars shut themselves off from current and relevant information about the rapidly evolving literary and cultural landscape. The disregard for popular culture also turns away a younger audience that seems to prefer a more informal approach to art and literature. Thus, the reading of popular cultures as text is forcing the literary field to re-evaluate the fundamental principles that define its work. Literary scholars have to rethink their traditional ideals of writing, reading, and teaching texts. Yet, there remains a reluctance to accept such informal forms of communication as memes and tweets as legitimate literature. Popular culture is not well regarded in literary studies and some stakeholders fear its classification as text could dilute the impact of the field. This paper investigates this trepidation by analyzing how reading popular culture fields as text impacts the identity of text in literary studies. Based on selected tenets of Literary and Cultural Studies (LCS) Research, particularly cultural literacy, this paper examines the legitimacy of different popular culture formats to determine if they hold enough value to warrant literary analysis. The author argues that many forms of popular culture deserve a closer look, especially through a literary lens, because they reveal the cultures, beliefs, and practices of their audience. He suggests that the incorporation of popular culture into literary studies offers many opportunities for growth and discovery but only if implemented diligently. Finally, this paper investigates why the literary field is reluctant to read popular cultures as text and how scholars can navigate this inclusion to create a more cohesive definition of text.

Pengembangan Materi Ajar Teks Prosedur Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal Simalungun Berbantuan Web Google Sites Untuk Siswa Kelas VII SMP

This research aims to, (1) describe the process of developing procedural text teaching materials containing local wisdom using the Google Sites website, (2) describe the form of developing procedural text teaching materials containing local wisdom in Simalungun using the Google Sites website, and (3) describe the feasibility of teaching materials procedure text containing local Simalungun wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website. The development of procedural text teaching materials containing Simalungun local wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website uses the ADDIE model which is limited to only going through the analysis, design and development stages. The validation stage involved material expert lecturers, media expert lecturers and two Indonesian language teachers. The sample for this research was 31 class VII students at SMP Negeri 2 Siantar using the Purposive Sample technique. Data collection techniques were interviews and questionnaires. The research instrument was a validation questionnaire sheet for material experts and media experts using Likert scale calculations. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that the product of procedural text teaching materials containing Simalungun local wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website received the "Very Good" criteria with an average of 88.85%, with results from material experts of 83.41% with the "Very Good" criteria. The results from media experts were 88% with the criteria "Very Good" and Indonesian language teachers 92% and 90%, so that the teaching materials were suitable for use as supporting teaching materials in the learning process.

Exploring the significant problems confronting secondary schools history education: a baseline study

The purpose of this baseline study is to determine the significant problems confronting history education in secondary school. The researchers employed qualitative research methods and case study design. The techniques that were employed to acquire credible data were document analysis, interviews, and classroom observation. Six experienced history education teachers and eight top-ten students from Sebeta town public secondary school were interviewed, and academic achievement statistics of 174 students in history education were analyzed. In addition eight lesson observations were carried out to validate the information gleaned from the interviews and document analysis. The study's findings show that the primary challenges influencing history education in Sebeta town public secondary schools were teaching strategy, a lack of awareness about implementing participatory teaching methods, a lack of comprehensiveness of the contents of history education teaching materials, and the issue of the bulkiness and scope of history education texts being covered on time. The findings also indicate the significance of training history education teachers to use participatory teaching tactics, as well as the need for curriculum experts to better coordinate the range of history education content and teaching strategies. The findings of this study will help teachers, practitioners, scholars, policymakers, and educational professionals find solutions to significant problems in secondary school history education, as well as develop effective techniques for teaching history education in secondary schools that involve twenty-first century skills and abilities.

Pengembangan Materi Teks Fabel Berbantuan Media Capcut Video Editing Di Kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Percut Sei Tuan

This research aims to develop teaching materials for fable texts in the form of videos with the help of CapCut Video Editing media for class VII SMP. It is hoped that this teaching material will be able to help students carry out the teaching and learning process in class. This research is development research (RnD) which uses Borg and Gall research procedures. The product developed from this research is fable text teaching material in the form of video. The subjects of this development research include material expert validators, media expert validators, and students of class VII 1 of SMP Negeri 6 Percut Sei Tuan. Data collection techniques used include interviews with subject teachers and questionnaires that will be used to determine student needs and validate the feasibility of the product being developed. The research instruments used were student needs questionnaire sheets, material expert validation, media experts. The results of this research show that the product developed from this research, namely fable text teaching materials in the form of videos assisted by CapCut Video Editing media for class VII SMP, is already in very good qualifications with scores from material expert validators of 85%, media expert validators of 91.5% and The response from class VII 1 students was 87.9%, with an average score of 88%, so it can be concluded that the product in this research is very suitable for use by students in learning. .

Reading Choi Seung-ja’s Poetry as University Liberal Arts Education: Focusing on the Case of University’s 〈Reading poetry〉

This paper studies the case of teaching Korean poetry texts when conducting masterful reading and reading classes in university liberal arts education. It would be near impossible to present an ideal and complete list when creating a reading list for such a course. However, in this paper, it is suggested that Choi Seung-ja's poetry should be placed on any list that deals with those times in life when life itself is neglected, as well as used in liberal arts education classes at universities. In our current age, which is seeing an increase in depression among young people, this paper argues that the theme of death as seen in Choi Seung-ja's poem can actually give hope to its readers, and instill in them a level of resistance to death that will manifest as a will to life.</br>In Choi Seung-ja's poem, death is a tragedy given to us humans, but it tells us how to deal with this tragedy so that we can overcome death. The attitude of the poetic persona is repeated and circulated and strengthened, and readers can adopt the courage needed to stand up to death by reading about the attitude of the poetic persona. In this paper, the significance of character education and poetry reading by learners living in an environment of death after COVID-19, can be confirmed in Choi Seung-ja's poetry learning. Learners find a way to overcome death in a finite life where death is a certainty. This process was confirmed in the ‘Writing Poetry Review’, which was written during the process of learning Choi Seung-ja's poetry. Thus, this paper revealed that Choi Seung-ja's poetry can function as a very efficient text in poetry education.

What Next for the ‘Text’? Popular Culture and Literature Today

Literary studies have evolved over the past few decades to include popular culture fields as text. Proponents of this inclusion argue that songs, memes, tweets, local dialects, and slogans say as much about people and cultures as traditional texts – perhaps even more. The opinion is that, by over-relying on traditional text for literary fodder, scholars shut themselves off from current and relevant information about the rapidly evolving literary and cultural landscape. The disregard for popular culture also turns away a younger audience that seems to prefer a more informal approach to art and literature. Thus, the reading of popular cultures as text is forcing the literary field to re-evaluate the fundamental principles that define its work. Literary scholars have to rethink their traditional ideals of writing, reading, and teaching texts. Yet, there remains a reluctance to accept such informal forms of communication as memes and tweets as legitimate literature. Popular culture is not well regarded in literary studies and some stakeholders fear its classification as text could dilute the impact of the field. This paper investigates this trepidation by analyzing how reading popular culture fields as text impacts the identity of text in literary studies. Based on selected tenets of Literary and Cultural Studies (LCS) Research, particularly cultural literacy, this paper examines the legitimacy of different popular culture formats to determine if they hold enough value to warrant literary analysis. The author argues that many forms of popular culture deserve a closer look, especially through a literary lens, because they reveal the cultures, beliefs, and practices of their audience. He suggests that the incorporation of popular culture into literary studies offers many opportunities for growth and discovery but only if implemented diligently. Finally, this paper investigates why the literary field is reluctant to read popular cultures as text and how scholars can navigate this inclusion to create a more cohesive definition of text.

Preparing Special Educators and School Principals in Special Education Law: An Undervalued Area of Professional Training?

Although special education legal knowledge is central to educating students with disabilities, how two critical school professionals—special educators and school principals—garner such knowledge is unclear. This study identified gaps in the professional training for special educators and school principals by examining professional standards and common textbooks. After identifying 32 special education legal concepts, we used content analysis to determine the extent to which each concept was mentioned in professional standards and preservice textbooks (five in special education, six in principal preparation, and four in school law). Compared with special education textbooks (in which 68%–84% of special education legal concepts were mentioned), preservice principals received less information on special education law in their general textbooks (3%–13% of concepts mentioned), although gaps narrowed when examining school law textbooks (63%–81%). Special education and school law texts consistently included concepts related to the six pillars of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA), as well as more specific concepts, such as discipline/behavior and related services. Rarely mentioned concepts were extended school year, resolution meetings, and compensatory services. We discuss training, research, and policy implications.

Analysing lexical semantic changes in chinese educational texts by integrating machine learning methods

Analyzing Lexical Semantic Changes (LSC) in Educational Texts (ET) refers to examining how the meanings of words, terms, or phrases used in ET have evolved. It involves learning shifts in the semantic content, connotations, and language associations within educational resources such as textbooks, research articles, and instructional content. The analysis can reveal how educational models, pedagogical methods, and terminology have transformed in response to technological innovations, societal changes, and pedagogical developments. This analysis provides visions into the dynamic nature of educational discourse, helping researchers, educators, and policymakers understand how language has adapted to reflect changes in educational paradigms and the broader educational context. This research investigates the semantic analysis and classification performance within ET, employing the innovative Decision Tree + Feed Forward Neural Networks (DT + FFNNs) framework. This research shows the dynamic semantic relationships inherent in educational terminology by diverse semantic similarity measures and contextualized embeddings. It looks at how educational language changes to reflect changes in society, technology, and pedagogy. The study uses a DT + FFNN framework for semantic analysis and classification. The study uses several embeddings and semantic similarity metrics, and Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient (SCC) is employed to evaluate their effectiveness. This study highlights the DT + FFNN framework’s capacity to capture complex semantics in an educational setting and offers insights into the adaptive nature of educational discourse. SCC serves as a guiding metric, offering insights into the efficiency of several embeddings and measures. The findings show the pivotal role of fine-tuning in significantly enhancing the accuracy of DT + FFNNs across measures, revealing its remarkable potential in capturing semantics within an educational context.

ИНТЕГРАТИВНЫЙ ПОДХОД ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЛИНГВОДИДАКТИЧЕСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ В ПОНИМАНИИ НАУЧНО-УЧЕБНЫХ ТЕКСТОВ

The concept of «integration» in human activity is considered as a process of combining structural elements into one whole. The integrative approach in the process of understanding scientific and educational texts is presented as a multilevel system of structural guidelines expressed in the form of a linguodidactic model and subordinated to the communicative purpose of the utterance. It is proved that the application of such a linguodidactic model is a universal integration tool that provides the key to understanding the language of scientific and educational texts. As proof, an example of building such a model on the text of the specialty fire safety «Peat fires» is given.

Auditory Learner

Auditory Learner

Assessment features for complexity of educational texts for schoolchildren

It is extremely important to choose an appropriate material for the students learning a foreign language. Hence the issues of studying the complexity of academic texts, their readability and their compliance with the level of language proficiency is of outmost importance. At this point, one can note the inevitable interconnection between linguistics and teaching methods. An educational text is a special type of secondary text that has a number of important functions, among which, first of all, there are informative, cognitive and cultural-logical ones. This type of text both contains new information and has an educational and developmental effect on students.The difficulty of text as well as its readability and complexity are crucial for text understanding. The evaluation of academic texts difficulty is closely connected with consideration of other characteristics. However, there are no widely accepted definitions of such concepts as “difficulty”, “complexity” and “readability” in contemporary linguistics. They are unreasonably used as synonymic notions. That is why the purpose of this article is to more clearly distinguish between these characteristics of the text. The features of complexity assessment of educational texts are revealed on the basis of their key characteristics.The study of educational texts’ complexity was conducted by using secondary school textbooks on physics. The text analysis was performed with the help of the automated analyzer Rulingva. This study demonstrates the capabilities of this program and presents the results of the analysis, which suggest that the use of Rulingva analyzer could be beneficial not only for linguists, but also for educators, measurement and control materials developers and those preparing for state exams in various academic disciplines.

Pedagogic obligations towards a decolonial and contextually responsive approach to teaching philosophy in South Africa

Abstract With the calls to decolonize the philosophy curriculum, and the university more generally, which have seen a series of intellectual interventions in South Africa, this article takes its cue from Nyoka’s recommendation when he suggests moving beyond merely thinking about decolonization. In reflecting on processes of decolonizing the curriculum, this article considers the successes and failures of a course taught during a global pandemic, wherein pedagogic strategies were constrained. Reflecting on a module taught in the first semester of 2021, this article thinks through the fundamental question that underpins the course, primarily: how to develop a contextually responsive philosophical approach on the southernmost tip of the African continent. Using two primary texts, Kumalo’s Decolonization as Democratization and Jansen’s Decolonization in Universities, the module analysed this question by juxtaposing, respectively, a philosophical and educational text. In this pedagogic autocritique, I reflect on ‘what obligation do intellectuals owe their students’ in a decolonizing context.