Teaching-learning Methods Research Articles

An Evaluation of the First Clinical Posting in Psychiatry of the Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum for Undergraduate Medical Students in India.

The new competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum presents an opportunity to address the many deficiencies in undergraduate (UG) psychiatry education in India. There are no published reports of such evaluations of psychiatry teaching programs based on the new CBME curriculum. We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of the first clinical posting in psychiatry of the new CBME curriculum using the following metrics: clinical skills, knowledge, attitudes towards psychiatry, self-efficacy in performing the specific learning objectives (SLOs), and satisfaction with specific teaching-learning and assessment methods implemented. The mean knowledge score after the posting was significantly higher compared to the mean knowledge score at baseline (7.79 vs 5.45, p<0.001). The mean clinical skills score after the posting was 13.77 (0-20 range). Improvement was noted in the mean scores on all three sub-scales of the attitudes toward psychiatry scale. However, the improvement in scores was statistically significant only on the 'Stigma of Psychiatry' sub-scale. The mean scores on the items of the self-efficacy scale were between 63.41 and 77.73 (0-100 range). The mean scores on all items of the satisfaction scale were between 4 (somewhat satisfied) and 5 (very satisfied). We have described an evaluation of the first clinical posting in psychiatry of the new CBME curriculum. The posting was effective in imparting knowledge and clinical skills and potentially bringing about favorable changes in the attitudes toward psychiatry among UG medical students. The students also perceived confidence in performing the SLOs and were satisfied with the teaching-learning methods and assessment methods implemented.

The Future of Intelligent Teaching Systems: Bridging the Gap Between Human and AI Instructions

Intelligent Teaching Systems (ITS) perspectives are the subject matter of this paper, specifically focusing on how these systems could be used to improve educational outcomes. The study conducted a survey using educators from different education levels, and the findings showed that it greatly benefits the students in terms of enhancing engagement and exposing learning disparities and individual differences among the learners. Nonetheless, some of the main concerns are data privacy, low usability, and inadequate technical support, which becomes a significant concern to ITS adoption. Privacy was the most bracing issue for 60% of the participants, who were anxious over data privacy and had inherent biases within the algorithms. Several concerns on usability were also raised by educators who reported inadequate training materials and difficulties in incorporating ITS with conventional teaching-learning methods. This work also emphasizes moderation, where ITS supplements human tutor guidance, enabling educators to incorporate flexible system learning while maintaining human affinity, sensitivity, and adaptability. This research provides valuable information on areas needing ITS focus in the future, such as ethical guidelines, proper training, and better access as the groundwork for proper ITS development.

Performance Appraisal Methods: Essential in Promoting Student Learning

In educational institutions of all levels, the educators are required to be well-informed in terms of the factor, whether the students are acquiring an efficient understanding of academic subjects or lesson plans or are overwhelmed by any types of setbacks. Furthermore, they also identify whether they are putting into operation various types of teaching-learning methods and materials in an appropriate manner or there is a need to bring about improvements. Hence, in all grade levels, different types of performance appraisal methods are to be put into operation. These are on the basis of academic subjects and lesson plans. Hence, in order to enhance their participation and achieve good grades, students need to acquire an efficient understanding of different types of academic subjects and lesson plans. The implementation of various types of performance appraisal methods is regarded to be of utmost significance in order to impart information among students in terms of various types of academic subjects and lesson plans. The educators need to ensure, they impart information among students in terms of these in an adequate manner. In other words, students need to be given sufficient amount of time, so they can be well-prepared. Furthermore, it is necessary for students to inculcate the traits of morality, ethics, diligence and conscientiousness. Therefore, performance appraisal methods are essential in promoting student learning. The main concepts that are taken into account in this research paper are, understanding the meaning and significance of performance appraisal methods, understanding performance appraisal methods and advantages of performance appraisal methods.

Scoping review of teaching methods for inquiry-based learning in Japanese elementary schools: focusing on the “period for integrated studies”

ABSTRACT This study highlights research trends and teaching methods in inquiry-based learning in Japan’s elementary school curriculum of the “period for integrated studies” by conducting a scoping review of existing literature. Thirty papers that focused on teaching methods for inquiry-based learning were reviewed, and five subthemes were identified: (i) formulation of questions, (ii) enhancement of hands-on activities, (iii) expression, (iv) reflection, and (v) discussion. These methods focus on interactions among children and identify issues and concerns related to their daily lives. Based on these considerations, they also emphasize enhanced experiences, particularly children’s hands-on activities. These methods enhance the process of inquiry, with children reflecting on their learning and thinking and engaging in discussion. Inquiry-based learning with the characteristics of child-centred education can be observed in prior research on integrated studies, with the results focusing on question formulation and discussion. Such trends in Japan may provide case studies that contribute to international discussions on inquiry-based learning.

Vocational High School Teachers’ Perception of Project-based Learning Method in English Language Teaching: A Case Study

Vocational High School Teachers’ Perception of Project-based Learning Method in English Language Teaching: A Case Study

Implementation of Community Governance in the Field of Education

The purpose of this article is to describe the implementation of community governance in education. This article is expected to provide an overview and perspective on community governance and the successful implementation of education to achieve community governance in Indonesia. In this article, the method used is descriptive qualitative, using secondary data. The sources used to obtain data in this study are journals and books that support research studies, namely about community governance in the field of education. The results obtained in this study are the implementation of governance observed from transparency, participation, and accountability in schools. Educational governance covers various aspects such as the application of curriculum and learning, facilities and infrastructure as well as education financing. There are also problems in implementing this community governance, namely in implementing school governance not all teachers have IT skills, there are limited teachers in developing teaching materials (KI/KD) and learning methods, limited school facilities and infrastructure, limitations of parents in learning assistance and the economic limitations of parents in supporting distance learning.

Research in Psychiatry Medical Education through "MUST Enrich Grant": A Scoping Review.

The Indian Teachers of Psychiatry (IToP) forum introduced a unique research grant scheme- IToP-MUST (Minds United Scholarship for Teachers) Enrich Research Grant- for conducting research in psychiatry education. This scoping review's objectives are to (a) assess the research areas and methodologies of MUST Enrich grant-supported research, (b) identify strengths and limitations of these research works, and (c) inform the researchers and funding agency concerning robust methodologies and study areas that can be considered in the future. We included all MUST-funded original educational research projects from their inception (2020) to the present, which were either published or, although unpublished, available in the public domain. Eleven research projects were identified. Most awardees were junior academic faculty members (n = 9, 82%). Eight (73%) studies were related to Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) and were based on teaching-learning (TL) or related methods under the CBME framework, focusing on newer TL methods. Seven of eight (88%) were based on undergraduate TL. Most (n = 8, 73%) of the studies had an observational cross-sectional design, whereas the rest were interventional studies. Almost all were quantitative studies (n = 10, 91%). The prime themes of the research were students' and teachers' perspectives on the study topic, innovations in psychiatry TL, and their educational impact. This review's findings will inform funders and researchers about future research areas and help formulate robust methodologies. Other funders must earmark their funding for educational research to grow this field.

A systematic review of STEM teaching-learning methods and activities in early childhood

This study aims to help educators and researchers to understand the pedagogical practice of STEM in early childhood and its impact. To support this, 29 publications related to STEM teaching-learning methods and activities were selected in the period between 2014 and 2023. The study covers the distribution of research over time by countries, the analysis of keywords, research goals and results, research methods, STEM domains, as well as emerging teaching-learning methods and activities, and the presentation of research limitations. According to the results, digital activities and impact studies have become dominant in early childhood STEM activities. There is a small number of studies presenting educational practices related to the relationship between sustainability and STEM. It was also revealed that impact assessments regarding early childhood STEM education need further development and improvement.

Structured Online Systematic Review Training for Medical Students: An Elective Module in Physiology.

Background Recently, elective posting has been introduced by the National Medical Commission (NMC) of India in the undergraduate competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum. To successfully implement it in medical colleges, facilitators (medical teachers) need to commit extra time. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of online teaching-learning methods for implementing an elective module for undergraduate medical students at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. Methods An online module for systematic review methods was developed using the Delphi method. This module was used to train 30 medical students divided into six groups. One resident and one facultyfacilitated each group. After the elective program of 15 days, program feedback and evaluation using the Kirkpatrick model were obtained from the students. Results A total of 30 undergraduate medical students with a mean age of 22.7±0.95 years participated in the study. All of them successfully conducted a systematic review per group. The students' feedback was 86.33% positive, and the project evaluation showed an 84% positive opinion. The highest score was for understanding, facilitators' knowledge, and experience. The lowest score was for the immediate applicability of the knowledge. Conclusion An online systematic review training module can be used for elective teaching-learning for final-year medical students, particularly within limited time and resource constraints. Students appreciated the module's clear objectives, appropriate complexity, and facilitators' expertise, leading to improved communication, engagement, and critical-thinking skills. Despite some limitations, these findings suggest that online learning can complement traditional methods and address logistical challenges in medical education, warranting further research on its long-term impact and broader applicability.

중등학교 읽기 영역의 교수-학습 방안 연구를 위한 현황과 과제

The purpose of this article is to examine the validity and objectivity of the teaching-learning method introduced to explain the Korean language subject research process, and to propose practical measures for the study of teaching-learning methods in Korean language subjects based on this. Among educational activities, the teaching-learning method is one of the key subjects in educational research in that it is the most practical and direct involvement in leading students' potential abilities to the maximum. In this regard, most of the research on teaching-learning methods seeks to secure the validity and objectivity of teaching-learning methods through a series of strategies and processes. However, examining the rejection of such teaching-learning method research in more detail, it can be found that there are many cases where the theoretical background or strategic application process required for teaching-learning method research, and statistical efficiency and objectivity due to the absence of a teaching-learning model or the application of the model are not properly equipped. This fact confirms that the recognition and discussion of teaching-learning methods are not justified, and thus the need for proper teaching-learning method research is being raised. In this article, 106 papers, including teaching-learning methods, were extracted from the Academic Research Information Service(RISS) and analyzed among the papers targeting the Korean language subject, especially the reading area. They are master's and doctoral dissertations published from 1969 to 2023, and I think they can give many implications for the study of problems related to the study of teaching-learning methods in the reading area and how to overcome them.

플립러닝 교수법의 대학강의 적용에 대한 자문화기술지

Through autoethnography, this study conducted the process of transforming the stories of 'myself' experienced while applying the flipped learning teaching method liberal arts and food service majors at university . Through this process, I reflected on personal experience in a CLAC course and provided insight into its educational meaning and value. With this knowledge, this study focused on 'Pursuit of Flipped Learning Teaching Method', 'Performance of Flipped Learning Teaching Method', and 'Reflection on Flipped Learning Teaching Method' as an autobiographical participation timeline in the flipped learning teaching experience. In liberal arts and food service major classes , the jump learning teaching method was noted to improve battery thinking, problem solving, self-directed learning ability, resilience, capacity building, and cooperative learning. Development of an 'industry-academia-linked flipped learning teaching method' is needed to strengthen the cooperative technical skills and capabilities of food service majors, where improvement is only needed in actual field and scale. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a flipped learning teaching model that includes strengthening basic learning skills for students who lack basic learning in liberal arts subjects.

Application of combined teaching method of case-based-learning and clinical pathway in practical gynecological teaching.

To train highly qualified medical talent in 5-year programs and improve students' analytical and problem-solving abilities, it is necessary to change the traditional teaching method. This study introduces the combined teaching method of case-based learning (CBL) and clinical pathway and evaluates its role in practical gynecological teaching. Medical students in a 5-year program who were enrolled in the fourth year were selected as the research subjects; these students were randomized into two groups that separately received either the traditional teaching method or the combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway. Before the internship, a questionnaire was administered to explore students' views of internship in gynecology, and after the internship, the questionnaire was administered to assess the two teaching methods. Furthermore, theoretical and skill tests were performed both before and after the internship. A total of 206 medical students in a 5-year program who were in their fourth year were enrolled in the study. Students in the experimental group performed significantly better than those in the control group. They performed significantly better in the postinternship test than in the preinternship test (P < 0.001). The questionnaire showed that more students in the experimental group thought that their learning interests, clinical skills, case analysis ability, clinical communication ability, understanding of theoretical knowledge and clinical thinking ability had improved and significantly differed between the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared to traditional teaching methods, combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway can elevate students' academic performance, improve their learning enthusiasm and help promote clinical teachers' teaching quality. Additionally, this novel method is effective in facilitating the achievement of teaching objectives and improving the quality of talent training. Therefore, the combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway should be popularized and applied in gynecological practice.

Accelerating EFL Learners’ Speaking and Listening Skills through the Audio-Lingual Teaching Method

Teaching English as a foreign language is a great challenge for EFL teachers in Indonesia because they are expected to be more creative and innovative in arousing students' attention during the learning-teaching process. The Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) is one of the teaching methods in foreign language learning that may be utilized in teaching speaking and listening skills. This conceptual article attempts to explore how ALM can accelerate EFL learners’ speaking and listening skills. Therefore, it discusses the concept of ALM, the strategy of ALM in learning speaking and listening skills, as well as the benefits of using ALM in learning language skills. A descriptive qualitative research approach with library research design was utilized to review and explore the concept, strategy, and benefits of using the ALM in accelerating EFL students’ speaking and listening skills. This method enables researchers to delve into relevant information and experts' perspectives on the ALM. In addition, it gains more insight into learning and teaching speaking and listening skills, and reviews the learning of speaking and listening skills using the ALM. The data were obtained from previous research findings, related articles, and documentation on the ALM. The data were qualitatively analyzed and comprehensively described the issues and provided valuable insights for all stakeholders in the field of education, including EFL teachers, students, school curriculum developers, and researchers.

유아교사의 유아 미디어조절력 교육에 대한 인식 및 요구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine early childhood teachers' awareness and needs for early childhood media regulation education as the first step to establish the foundation for early childhood media regulation education. Methods To achieve this objective, survey was conducted on 248 early childhood teachers working in 20 public kindergartens located in B city, SPSS 25.0 program was used to analyze frequency and percentage. Results The results of examining the frequency and percentage of early childhood teachers' awareness and needs for early childhood media regulation education according to demographic characteristics are as follows. First, the degree of awareness of media regulation was shown to be high, media addiction was the highest among the problems caused by the lack of media regulation, and more than half of parents had experienced with parental counseling for this. Next, most of them considered the possibility of the connection with the revised Nuri Curriculum to be possible with the demand for media control education, with the curriculum link to physical exercise and health and daily life tools for the daily life topic. The educational goal is to develop the ability to control and use media activities within an appropriate realm under given situation. The educational content showed a high level of media execution ability. The teaching-learning method was a problem-solving learning, and the educational evaluation was an evaluation of children's development through observation. Conclusions The results of these research will be able to provide practical and various materials for education of media control skills in children in the future.

Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Peer Teaching Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di Kelas V SDN 167 Pekanbaru

This research aims to determine the effect of peer teaching learning methods on students' cognitive learning outcomes in mathematics subjects in class V at SDN 167 Pekanbaru. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method with the dependent variable being student learning outcomes, the independent variable being the Peer Teaching method. Research was carried out through planning, action implementation, observation and evaluation stages. The subjects of this research were determined using purposive sampling, namely class Vb SDN 167 Pekanbaru, totaling 30 people. Data was collected using student activity observation sheets and knowledge tests. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis. The results of the research show that the peer teaching learning method can influence the cognitive learning outcomes of class V students at SDN 167 Pekanbaru in Mathematics learning by 71.69%, namely in the high category G &gt; 70%

Quiz in Undergraduate Curriculum and as Teaching–Learning Method: Why Not?

Quiz in Undergraduate Curriculum and as Teaching–Learning Method: Why Not?

The Prophet's Style Learning Method: Prophetic Learning in English Language Teaching (ELT) to Students

This research describes the prophet's style learning method and prophetic learning in English Language Teaching (ELT). This research is a library research. The researcher uses sources from books and national journals. The analysis shows that in Indonesia, teaching English is a lifelong endeavor, starting from elementary school and continuing through university. The Prophet Muhammad SAW is a role model for Muslims, as he pioneered education and developed learning models applicable in various contexts, including English study. Teachers/lecturers should prioritize sincerity, patience, and honesty in the classroom to create strong relationships with students and maintain a strong connection with Allah SWT. Prophet Muhammad is a Muslim trendsetter, demonstrating cognitive and affective learning methods. To incorporate prophetic learning into English teaching, they can use prophetic learning strategies such as 1) teacher as a model, 2) stimulus-response/questioning, 3) storytelling, 4) analogy/logical order, 5) direct practice, 6) applied materials, 7) offering advice, 8) closing statement. Prophets possess virtuous qualities such as honesty, trust, communication, and intelligence. Besides, teachers/lecturers should give examples, play the role of guides, and support students in learning progress. Teachers/lecturers should also be able to create curiosity and enthusiasm about the next meeting and be prepared to answer questions and provide answers. In conclusion, prophetic learning is a crucial aspect of a student's life, and educators should emulate the learning methods to ensure their students are equipped with the necessary skills to succeed in their studies.

Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran Tematik Sekolah Dasar Guna Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa

Thematic learning is learning that involves several scientific disciplines and is packaged in one theme. This research was conducted to explain teaching and learning methods in thematic learning. Implementation of the Problem Based Learning model, namely a learning model that exposes students to concrete problems in life while studying. Then students can relate the problem to the material to be studied. The application of the problem-based learning method forces students to carry out their own learning and actively explore students' information, to present problems and develop their own knowledge. It is hoped that using this based model will help students think critically and participate actively in the learning process. The research method used is literature study to perfect the analysis from the various sources used. So the results show that thematic learning using the Problem Based Learning model is able to increase student activity in learning

Effectiveness of PBL Pedagogy Combined with Flipped Classroom in the Standardized Training of Resident Physicians

Objective: To analyze the application effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method combined with flipped classrooms in the standardized training of gastroenterology residents. Methods: Sixty-five resident trainees who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the hospital from January to December 2023 were selected and divided into the control group (n = 33) and the observation group (n = 32) by random number division method. The control group implemented the traditional clinical teaching method, and the observation group implemented the PBL combined flipped classroom teaching method. The study compared the two groups’ discharge learning performance, trainees’ subjective feeling score, and teaching satisfaction score index. Results: The difference in basic knowledge scores between the two groups of trainees under different teaching modes was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). However, the observation group was significantly higher than the control group in terms of the differences in case analysis, clinical operation skills, and total scores, and the differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). The trainees of the observation group were more satisfied with the teaching and learning process in terms of learning efficiency, clinical thinking, communication, faculty-student collegiality, teamwork, self-study ability, classroom atmosphere, independent learning, clinical thinking and other subjective feelings of the scores are higher than the control group, the difference is statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). The observation group teaching total satisfaction rate is 96.87%, significantly higher than the control group’s 75.75% (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The application of the PBL teaching method combined with flipped classroom in the standardized training of residents is effective, which can not only significantly improve the basic theory and practical operation performance of the trainees, but also help to improve their case analysis ability, clinical thinking ability, and doctor-patient communication ability, so it is worthwhile to popularize its application in the clinical scope.

Flipped classroom as an effective educational tool in teaching physiology for first-year undergraduate medical students.

Flipped classroom (FC) teaching has recently received much attention in medical education. It has been introduced in our institution for 2 years, and we studied the effectiveness and perception of FC teaching in Physiology for first-year undergraduate students. In total, 150 out of 250 first-year MBBS students participated in this study. They were divided into two groups, each consisting of 75 students. Multiple topics in the cardiovascular system were taught to the students by employing traditional classroom (TC) didactic lectures in group A. The same topics were handled using FC in group B, where the students came prepared with the study materials the facilitator provided before class commenced. A well-planned classroom discussion with a formative assessment was conducted at the end. The test scores were compared between the two groups by using an independent t-test. A feedback report was obtained from both groups' students to analyze the teaching-learning methods' accomplishment. FC teaching scores were significantly higher than the traditional lecture among all students. Feedback results showed that 93% of students agreed that the resource materials, group discussions, videos, and exercise tools used in FC were very useful; 95% of students agreed that it provided a good understanding and better appreciation of basic science knowledge in health and disease, and 91% reported that it was well-organized with good interaction, clear explanation, relevant information, and encouraged critical thinking with active student participation. FC proves to be an effective, interesting, and motivating teaching-learning module. It enhances communication skills, clinical thinking, interaction, and active student participation.