Educational Supervision Research Articles

AI-powered Tools for Doctoral Supervision in Higher Education: A Systematic Review

Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tools are used to aid the learning and teaching process in higher education. AI technology aims to assist doctoral co-supervision through the model of humanised collaboration. It is discovered that there is a lack of literature review integrating generative AI (GenAI) with doctoral co-supervision processes. This paper investigates how GenAI facilitates the doctoral co-supervision process, including types of AI used, AI in education (AIED) components integration and the extent to which AI applications are useful in doctoral co-supervision. Four research questions posed have guided the study. The findings show AI to be supportive of personalised instruction and assessment and to be used as a collaborative tool. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms with a predictive nature were of immense aid in personalised advice. Nevertheless, the experience of the fusion of AI and mobile technologies in academic mentoring is relatively scarce in empirical studies. It was found that extended case studies and consumer experience were lacking in this area. Even though the potential benefits were clarified, a comprehensive assessment of the dynamic effects called for by more robust empirical investigations is required, considering further constraints. This paper summarises that future investigations and research are still needed.

MANAJEMEN SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN DI PESANTREN TERPADU NURUL IMAN COT GIREK: MEMBENTUK GENERASI MUDA BERKARAKTER ISLAM

PThis research examines the management of educational supervision at Pesantren Terpadu Nurul Iman Cot Girek with the primary goal of shaping a strong Islamic character among the younger generation. Through a qualitative approach, the study explores the educational supervision practices at the pesantren, investigating how these practices influence the formation of Islamic character in the younger generation. Data were obtained through participatory observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings highlight the role of supervision in directing the educational process towards achieving the goal of forming an Islamic character, including oversight of the curriculum, teaching methods, and student personality development. The practical implications of this research can serve as a foundation for the development of more effective policies and practices in pesantren and other Islamic educational institutions, potentially leading to positive impacts on the formation of Islamic character in the younger generation. Thus, this research not only contributes academically to understanding educational supervision management in pesantren environments but also provides practical guidance for pesantren administrators and stakeholders in designing strategies to enhance the effectiveness of Islamic education. Through the application of the research findings and recommendations, it is hoped that pesantren and other Islamic educational institutions can be more successful in their mission to shape a strong character in the younger generation, based on deep Islamic values

Leveraging Classroom Learning: Strengthening Instructional Supervision to Foster Teacher Development

This study aimed to investigate the instructional supervision procedures of public elementary school administrators in District, Tawi-Tawi. The study examined the demographic characteristics of the teacher, the perceived effectiveness of supervisory methods, and the perception of instructional supervision. The research employed a descriptive design-quantitative methodology using a sample of 89 educators from seven institutions. Canada and Ukraine had once employed a modified variant of the supervisory practices tool. The statistical analysis of these variables was conducted utilizing frequency counts, percentages, and mean ranges. A majority of educators concurred that formal supervision was essential, and most indicated they had received regular classroom visits from district personnel involved with the schools. A study illustrated the most prevalent way of office appraisal. The majority of instructors expressed satisfaction with the volume and quality of supervision they receive, however they were somewhat dissatisfied with the degree of organization around collective input. Educators want to engage more intimately with the supervision activities and integrate them into their planning routines. The formality of teachers’ language in supervising teacher development is significant, as it facilitates discourse on the matter, including enhancing the consultations teachers participate in during supervision planning and establishing the frequency of supervision to meet individual teachers' needs effectively. Examples worthy of consideration include the gentle approach of colleague supervision and peer coaching, as well as providing teachers with tailored and individualized frequencies of supervisory experiences. This may result in professional growth and development, as well as the attainment of elevated educational goals for the pupils.

Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Management of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Collaborative Review.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defined as any involuntary leakage of urine associated with physical activity, remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of SUI in women, drawing upon recent evidence-based literature and clinical guidelines. A systematic search of the MEDLINE database was conducted to identify only the most up-to-date and relevant studies published up to February 26, 2024, including the reference ESTER systematic review. The search was limited to systematic reviews published in the preceding 1yr. Any additional included publications were limited to those published or referenced as part of the existing/current guidelines. Diagnosis of SUI involves a comprehensive assessment, including medical history, physical examination, and in some cases, invasive urodynamics. Pelvic floor muscle training emerges as a first-line management strategy, showing efficacy in symptom improvement when good educational instructions and supervision are provided. Surgical interventions with midurethral and single-incision slings offer a second-line option, although concerns regarding mesh-related complications persist with a decrease in its use. Moreover, the long-term efficacy of single-incision slings remains to be confirmed. Urethral bulking agents, colposuspension, and autologous fascial slings are existing alternatives supported by robust evidence, albeit with a different adverse event profile. Management of complicated and severe SUI remains challenging, with autologous fascial sling and artificial urinary sphincters being established treatments, but high-quality data remain lacking. Heightened awareness and accessibility to SUI treatment are imperative to address the gap between prevalence and medical care-seeking behavior. Pelvic floor muscle training and surgical interventions represent key modalities. However, a notable escalation in invasiveness and complication rates when transitioning to surgical interventions is clear and has resulted in a hesitance among patients to proceed along the treatment continuum, particularly in light of mesh-related complications. Ongoing research is necessary to optimize outcomes and ensure patient safety, particularly for complicated SUI where data on comparative effectiveness remain limited.

Exploring the Influence of Head Teachers’ Instructional Supervision on the Development of Competencies in Lesson Preparation for Science and Elementary Technology Teachers in Public Primary Schools in Gasabo District, Rwanda

This study investigates the influence of head teachers' instructional supervision on the competences of science and elementary technology teachers in public primary schools in Gasabo District, Rwanda. Effective instructional supervision is crucial for developing teachers' abilities in lesson preparation, which is vital for improving student learning outcomes. The theoretical framework is grounded in the Teacher Professional Growth theory. Using qualitative design, the study surveyed a population of teachers and head teachers from 40 public primary schools in Gasabo district, whereby 132 people including both teachers and head teachers were targeted. Purposive sampling techniques were utilized, resulting in a sample of 5 head teachers and 24 teachers who were selected by the mean of snowball sampling technique. Data collection involved qualitative methods, including interviews and document review, with thematic analysis applied to analyze research data. The findings reveal that head teachers often neglect pre-observation conferences and fail to provide constructive feedback after classroom observations. This lack of comprehensive supervision hinders teachers' professional development and their ability to effectively prepare lessons. The study shows a clear link between the involvement of head teachers in instructional supervision and the improvement of teachers' competences in lesson planning. The study concluded that low levels of head teachers' involvement in instructional supervision practices had a direct negative influence on the development of competences in lesson planning among science and elementary technology teachers, which in return affected their ability to effectively plan and implement their lessons. To address these issues, the study recommends that head teachers conduct regular pre-observation conferences and offer meaningful feedback to teachers. Additionally, it suggests that Sector Education Inspectors should frequently inspect schools to ensure proper implementation of instructional supervision practices. Furthermore, continuous professional development for head teachers is advised to enhance their supervisory skills. The research highlights the importance of effective instructional supervision in fostering teachers' professional growth and improving educational outcomes. By implementing the recommended practices, schools in Gasabo District can better support their teachers, ultimately benefiting students' learning experiences.

Implementasi Pemikiran Ki Hajar Dewantara pada Dunia Pendidikan: Literatur Review

Education plays a crucial role in shaping human thought and behavior, as well as determining the future of civilization. The Merdeka Curriculum emerges as an educational policy that grants freedom to schools, teachers, and students to innovate and learn independently. This study aims to analyze the relevance of the Merdeka Curriculum to Ki Hajar Dewantara's educational concept from a philosophical-pedagogical perspective. Through a literature review employing a hermeneutic-philosophical approach, it was found that the Merdeka Curriculum aligns with Ki Hajar Dewantara's views, emphasizing education as an effort to nurture students' natural potential. The concept of "learning is guiding" resonates with the principle of student autonomy, where students are active and independent, while teachers act as guides, facilitators, and motivators. This study concludes that the Merdeka Curriculum is relevant to Ki Hajar Dewantara's educational concept, prioritizing individual uniqueness and the independent development of potential under the supervision of teachers and parents.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru melalui Supervisi Pendidikan

Teacher competence is one of the key factors influencing the quality of education in a country. Competent teachers are able to carry out the teaching and learning process effectively, enabling students to achieve optimal learning outcomes. However, in reality, not all teachers possess adequate competence. Therefore, continuous efforts are required to improve teacher competence. One effective way to achieve this is through educational supervision. This study aims to identify the definition of teacher competence, understand the role of supervision in improving teacher competence, and explore the strategies of supervision to enhance teacher competence. The research method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach, analyzing various literatures related to educational supervision. Data was collected through a review of relevant journals, articles, and books, and analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that with effective supervision, teachers can receive the guidance and support needed to develop their professional competence. Several supervision strategies that can be applied include clinical, collaborative, formative, and technology-based supervision. With continuous and directed supervision, it is expected that teacher competence will improve, which in turn will enhance the overall quality of education.

Peran dan Fungsi Supervisi Pendidikan dalam Meningkankan Etos Kerja Guru dalam Pembelajaran

This study explores the concept of educational supervision, focusing on its understanding, importance, objectives, functions, objects, and guiding principles. A qualitative research method was employed, supported by a library research approach, to provide a descriptive and contextual analysis. The study highlights the necessity for educational supervisors, principals and school supervisors to possess strong professional competencies in implementing instructional supervision. These professional abilities are crucial for enhancing the quality of teacher development in schools. Effective school supervision, guided by the principal's ability to responsibly execute their duties, aims to improve and advance teacher performance. By fostering professional growth, supervision ensures that teachers can fulfill their responsibilities with competence and integrity.

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Teacher Integrity in the Deployment of Smart Technologies in the Digital Era in Cross River State, Nigeria

As artificial intelligence (AI) gains more traction in education in the digital era, questions arise about the number of empirical studies available that have useful outcomes on the protocols for deploying the technology in the sector. This univariate descriptive survey was consequently conducted to examine whether the ethics of AI predict teacher integrity in the application of smart technologies in public primary schools in the digital age in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were formulated for the research. 1,600 teachers were recruited from 16 public primary schools across four education zones of the state to participate. Ethics of AI and Teacher Integrity in the Application of Smart Technologies Questionnaire (EAITIASTQ) was adopted to generate data. Based upon the Value Sensitive Design (VSD), simple linear regression was used to analyze data, aided by SPSS. Findings suggest that user transparency significantly predicts teacher integrity in the application of AI in public primary schools; user accountability significantly predicts teacher integrity in the utilization of AI in public primary schools. It is recommended that a sound ethical protocol on the application of AI in school be codified in documents and made available for all primary school teachers; experienced and skilful personnel in computer and AI operations have to conduct regular supervision of teachers in relation to the use of AI in elementary schools

Influence of student youth on the formation and development of education at the department of state and administrative law at Lviv university in the postwar period

The article traces the impact of students on the educational process of the Department of State and Administrative Law of the Law Faculty of Lviv University in a rather difficult historical period, namely, the post-war period when the territories of Western Ukraine became part of the Soviet Union and were significantly influenced by the Marxist-Leninist ideology. In this regard, the educational process has undergone significant changes, both in organisational matters and in the development and shaping of legal science. The research is based on archival sources stored in the Archives of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, including minutes of the Department’s meetings, the plan and report on the work of the Department, plans and reports on research work, and the educational work of the Faculty. By analysing certain factors influencing the educational process, we reveal the problems of the formation of administrative science and education in general. It is worth noting that the topic is relevant because there are no separate studies on this issue. Mostly, there are tangential materials or brief mentions in the works of teachers of the Law and History faculties of Lviv University. Student associations and self-government bodies, such as the student council, student scientific circle, and public dean’s office, are considered. With the help of these associations, students participated in the research life of the university, attended meetings of the department and faculty, had direct contact with the administration, teachers, etc. The topics of students’ research, which they conducted at the department and presented at student conferences both at Lviv University and beyond, are discussed separately. The article also examines students’ internships, military training, military-patriotic education, as well as teacher supervision and influence on their activities. It is concluded that student youth had only a formal influence on the educational process, all their activities were limited and controlled by teachers and the dean’s office, and their scientific activities were within the artificially created framework of ideology. This contributed to the slow development of education and science in the Soviet period.

Reducing Plate Waste in Latvian Schools: Evaluating Interventions to Promote Sustainable Food Consumption Practices.

Food waste (FW) threatens food security, environmental sustainability, and economic efficiency, with about one-third of global food production lost or wasted. Schools play a crucial role in addressing FW, representing lost resources and missed educational opportunities. The present research assessed three interventions to reduce plate waste (PW) in Rezekne City schools, namely (S1) a plate waste tracker, (S2) an awareness and educational campaign, and (S3) organizational changes, including larger plates, extended lunch breaks, and teacher supervision. Implemented in three schools with a fourth as a control, PW was measured at three intervals, at pre-intervention, short-term, and long-term post-intervention. The PW data analysis utilized two models (day view and class view) and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. While the plate waste tracker initially reduced PW, sustained impact required continuous reinforcement. The awareness and educational campaign alone proved insufficient, highlighting the need for complex strategies. The organizational changes unexpectedly increased PW, underscoring FW's complexity. The research has concluded that reducing FW requires tailored and multi-faceted approaches. According to the MOA framework, the school catering model in Rezekne City lacks essential "Opportunities" for effective FW reduction, as students have limited flexibility in portion sizes and food choices, which hinders the interventions' effectiveness. Future research should explore adaptable FW-reducing interventions suited to specific school contexts.

Educational supervision is needed to support community pharmacists as independent prescribers

Educational supervision is needed to support community pharmacists as independent prescribers

An experimental class to illustrate the physical and chemical effects of ultrasound as an introduction to practical advanced oxidation processes.

This work presents the development of an illustrative experimental class about the mechanical and chemical effects of ultrasound to introduce students to the field of sonochemical advanced oxidation processes. Ultrasound equipment at low frequency (<100kHz) and mid-high frequency (200-500kHz), in addition to basic laboratory equipment (glassware instruments and a spectrophotometer) and accessible reagents (commercial activated carbon, potassium iodide, ammonium heptamolybdate, distilled water, and methyl orange) are required. Under the teacher's supervision, the students will perform experiments on the sonication of activated carbon in water to learn about the mechanical effects. Meanwhile, to evidence the chemical effects, the water sonolysis to produce hydrogen peroxide, and the degradation of a model organic pollutant (methyl orange) are carried out. In qualitative aspects, the students will learn the predominant effects as a function of the ultrasound frequency. From a practical point of view, the students are expected to learn how to quantify the sonogenerated hydrogen peroxide and follow the sonochemical degradation of a model compound. Besides, a short-written report and its feedback are presented as the evaluation strategy for the learning of students.

Management of Panca Jiwa Character Education in Islamic Boarding Schools

Panca Jiwa Islamic Boarding School which is a pattern of fostering students or students who are believed to be an educational concept that leads to the value of character building and as a core educational element in the world of Islamic Boarding School. In this case, the practice of the values of the five souls of Islamic Boarding School is not fully successful in all students or santri. This is due to the development of modern culture or the influence of outside cultures that occur in Indonesia. Therefore, with the aim of research to describe the values of the five souls that exist in the Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School in North Lampung. In this study the authors used a descriptive qualitative approach or field research, namely research that examines the facts and problems found in the field. The results and discussion of the research found that Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School has successfully implemented Panca Jiwa-based character education effectively. Careful planning aims to produce Muslim individuals who are tough and have strong character. The organization of the program is carried out by involving all related parties, ensuring that each individual has a clear role in shaping the character of the students. The implementation of character management is carried out holistically by involving all elements of the Islamic Boarding School in various activities. Evaluation is carried out in an integrated manner to correct past mistakes and achieve positive changes in the character building of santri. The supervision of character education is carried out carefully, ensuring positive interaction with the environment and Islamic Boarding School activities. Thus, Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School has created a supportive environment for the formation of quality santri character and adhering to Islamic values.

The influence of social media applications on learning English as a second language.

This study aims to discover how the daily usage of social media platforms affects the users' second language learning. The study has been conducted in public high schools in Kuwait from different areas. A questionnaire has been distributed to the high school students to seek their opinions about social media usage and to test their language skills in English. The questionnaire was distributed on a random sample of 300 volunteering participants has been obtained through the online survey. An interview has been also conducted with high school English teachers to get sufficient information about the social media usage and its effect on their students. Four teachers were asked to provide random grades of their students to check how they are affected. Another questionnaire has been added to know whether the social media platforms usage during the Covid-19 Pandemic helps in the language skills. The approach that has been used to conclude our results is a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results have shown that the skills of the language can be improved by the usage of the social media platforms specially the listening, speaking, and reading skills. The writing skill, however have not shown any improvement after using the social media platforms. Therefore, social media applications can be a reliable tool for learning a second language but it has to be under the guidance and supervision of professional teachers.

Digital Transformation in Public Administration and Data-Driven Decision-Making: A Review of Turkana County Government

Digital transformation is increasingly becoming a focal point for organizations and governments worldwide, including Kenya. In Kenya, the 2010 Constitution introduced devolution, decentralizing governance, enabling county-level implementation of government programs, and extending governance to the grassroots. Among the functions devolved to counties is Early Childhood Development and Education (Pre-primary education), aimed at enhancing efficiency, transparency, and accountability in governance. Turkana County, inhabited primarily by the Turkana people with a history of nomadic pastoralism, views Pre-primary education as crucial for initiating academic life. Embracing digital transformation in Pre-primary education implementation represents a significant shift. The study focused on Turkana County Government’s strategies for digital transformation in Pre-primary education and identified key objectives: Assessing digital inclusion in public administration in Turkana County; recommending practical implementation of two systems: Turkana Early Childhood Development Education Management Information System and Continuous Database Updating system; and establishing sustainability measures for data-driven decision-making. The study employed a descriptive research design involving observation and desktop review of county online platforms and libraries. Information gathered affirmed the status of digital transformation in Pre-primary education and guided recommendations. Turkana County Government has implemented two digital systems: Turkana Early Childhood Development and Education Management Information System (a website) and Continuous Database Updating System (Data entry and updating system). The website hosts programs and data related to pre-primary education management, including teacher and learner information, infrastructure development, feeding programs, policy updates, and reports on supervision and evaluation of teachers. Recommendations for successful digital transformation included investing in community engagement for program sustainability, strengthening administrative structures, and enhancing digital technology in Pre-primary education. These measures aim to ensure efficient and effective management of Pre-primary education programs. In conclusion, the Turkana County Government’s adoption of the two digital systems marks a significant step towards modernizing Pre-primary education management. By following the study’s recommendations, Turkana County can achieve enhanced governance and educational outcomes through digital transformation, thereby serving as a model for similar initiatives across Kenya’s counties.

From Artificial Intelligence to Artificial Assistants in Education: Theoretical Foundations and First Applications in Teacher Education

The article explores the potential and limitations of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in teacher training and inclusive education, emphasizing the importance of specific training for educators on the pedagogical use of these technologies. Experiments conducted at the University of Turin highlight the role of GenAI in creating personalized teaching materials and supporting student learning, particularly for those with Special Educational Needs (SEN). However, it is clearly evident that careful teacher supervision is essential to ensure pedagogical validity and alignment with educational objectives. The article concludes that GenAI should be considered a teaching assistant, integrated into a critical, human-centered approach aimed at fostering inclusive and student-centered learning.

Exploring the Effectiveness of Supervision in Enhancing Management of Educational Facilities in Secondary Schools in Akinyele Local Government of Oyo State

The study explored the effective use of supervision of educational facilities management in bringing effective and efficient teaching and learning processes in schools in Akinyele local government. Ex-post facto design was adopted Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select fifteen principals, thirty vice-principals, forty-five heads of departments and one hundred and fifty students making two hundred and forty participated in the study. Two validated instruments were employed, and data collected were analyzed by frequency count and Pearson correlation. 119 (49.6%) of the respondents indicated bimonthly supervision of their school, followed by 62 (25.8%) monthly, 46 (19.2%) weekly, and 13 (5.4%) never indicated that their schools have never been supervised. There is a high positive correlation between education supervision and availability of facilities in schools (r = 0.770; P = 0.000). There is a high positive correlation between education supervision and access to facilities (r = 0.838; P = 0.000). There is a high positive correlation between education supervision and usability of facilities in schools (r = 0.863; P = 0.000). 196 (81.7%) proper utilisation of education facilities top the roles of supervisors in management of educational facilities as indicated by respondents. Watch dog follows this for lazy teachers 184 (76.7%). School and education supervision affect the availability, adequacy, access to as well as utilization of education facilities; therefore, school supervision should be continuous with a view to making the availability of education facilities more adequate, accessible, and utilized.

Manajemen Peserta Didik sebagai Strategi Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa dan Kualitas Sekolah

The purpose of this study was to determine how Al-Furqon High School implements student management, so that later students at Al-Furqon High School can improve student achievement and at the same time improve the quality of the school. Through planning, organizing, supervision, and evaluation, with the main focus being on monitoring student activities as a whole, both outside and inside the classroom. This analysis includes guidance and counseling services, outdoor and indoor learning, student discipline, and student involvement in extracurricular activities, which will later support student talents and potential both in academic and non-academic fields. The principal, BK teacher, homeroom teacher, and students are the subjects of the study. This research method uses a qualitative research approach and collects data through observation, documentation, and interviews. Primary data sources are taken through direct observation results in the field, recordings of interview results that are first converted into word form and then we draw conclusions. Meanwhile, secondary data is taken through journals, books, and official school documents such as learning outcomes. The collected data is then analyzed through several stages which will later make it easier to draw conclusions. The results of the study theoretically show that organized student management with teacher supervision, communication between teachers and parents, and student involvement in school activities greatly contribute to student achievement and school quality. Practically, this study can be a guide for schools to improve student management, by increasing communication between teachers and parents, and designing programs to support student academic success and improve school quality.

Benefits of yoga in pregnancy: a randomised controlled clinical trial.

Modern obstetrics confronts a rise in caesarean sections (CS). Prevention of unnecessary primary CS is a global priority. Women face intense psychological and physiological challenges during childbirth. Fear and anxiety during labour reduce women's self-confidence and empowerment. Yoga is a body-mind practice that lowers maternal fear and anxiety and helps relax pelvic floor muscles during labour. The study examined whether yoga practice in pregnancy influences CS rate in primiparous singleton pregnant women, labour pain intensity and epidural analgesia requests at delivery ward admission. We conducted a single-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial comparing yoga to standard obstetric care in pregnancy. A total of 214 participants were randomised, 106 in yoga and 108 in controls. Weekly 90-min yoga classes were led by a certified yoga teacher's supervision. Every pregnant woman in the interventional group completed 12 yoga sessions. Yoga group had a lower total CS due to less frequent In-labour CS (p=0.004) and a higher rate of spontaneous vaginal birth (p=0.009). They experienced less pain intensity during labour (p<0.001), and there was no difference in epidural analgesia requests. Engaging in yoga during pregnancy reduces the rate of In-labour CS, decreases discomfort and encourages spontaneous vaginal birth in primiparous singleton pregnant women.