Teacher Assessment Research Articles

Effective Instruction and Curricular Models: What Do We Know About Student Learning Outcomes in Physical Education?

This essay aims to elucidate effective teaching through the utilization of instructional models in physical education. In this essay, Rink’s seven essential teaching tasks provide the foundational structure, complemented by an examination of four legitimate student outcomes in physical education: physical, cognitive, social, and affective domains. A literature review of 222 research studies on teaching effectiveness of nine instructional models reporting on teacher behaviors and student outcomes was coded following a four-step reliability coding process to establish a consensus on the articles included. This essay serves as a resource for comprehending the application of instructional models in physical education curricula, highlighting the need for continuous research into their efficacy and the replication of studies to validate outcomes across various educational settings. In addition, it highlights the importance of integrating K–16 teacher assessment data within these models to demonstrate the educational impact across learning domains.

IMPACT OF CLASSROOM OBSERVATION TOOL AND RESULTS-BASED PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER PERFORMANCE

This literature review explores the implications of utilizing the Classroom Observation Tool (COT) and Results-Based Performance Management System (RPMS) on teaching performance among educators in public elementary schools. The COT serves as a structured instrument for assessing classroom activities, while the RPMS provides a framework for evaluating teacher performance based on professional standards. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing research and policy documents, this review examines the impact of these systems on teaching effectiveness and student outcomes. Research indicates that the systematic use of the COT allows educators to identify areas of strength and growth in their teaching practice, leading to targeted professional development interventions. Additionally, the integration of the RPMS ensures alignment between teacher assessments and professional standards, promoting accountability and continuous improvement in teaching practice. Studies have shown that educators who participate in regular classroom observations and performance evaluations experience enhanced job satisfaction and morale, leading to greater retention and commitment to their profession. Moreover, the implementation of these systems has been associated with improvements in student learning outcomes, as teachers are better equipped to meet the diverse needs of their students. However, challenges such as resource constraints and resistance to change may hinder the effective implementation of these systems. Moving forward, further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of the COT and RPMS on teaching performance and student achievement. Overall, this literature review highlights the importance of incorporating systematic observation and performance evaluation mechanisms into teacher professional development initiatives to promote continuous improvement in teaching practice and enhance student learning outcomes in public elementary schools.

The mediating role of Self-Competence in the relationship between parental involvement and support and Children’s social Skills: Evidence from China

This study explores the possible mediating role of children’s self-competence between parental involvement and support and social skills. Five hundred and ninety-five children’s parents and teachers responded to the questionnaire consisting of the following instruments: the Chinese Parental Involvement and Support Scale for Preschool Children (CPISSPC), Children's Social Skills Parent Assessment Questionnaire (CSSPAQ), and the Self-Competence Teacher Assessment Questionnaire (SCTAQ). The results indicated that: (1) children who received higher levels of parental involvement and support showed better self-competence and social skills; (2) the relationship from parental involvement and support to social skills was partially mediated by children’s self-competence, which indicated that children received higher levels of parental involvement and support would develop better self-competence, and thus lead to the enhancement of their social skills. The findings of the present research indicate that increasing parental involvement and support could be an effective strategy of family intervention for children who are disadvantaged in social skills and risk poor social adjustment.

Developing a Gamified Digital Learning Media to Cultivate Singing Skills for Junior High School Students

Digital learning media based on gamification is rarely found in singing education, yet the impact of utilizing such learning tools cannot be underestimated. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a gamified digital learning media product for cultural arts education in junior high schools. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, focusing on the development and validation process of gamified digital learning media suitable for educational purposes. The research subjects consist of media experts, content experts, and cultural arts teachers from State Junior High School 3 Grogol, Sukoharjo. Data collection techniques involve a media validation questionnaire, which is then analyzed using percentages and described to provide an overview of the suitability level of this gamified media. The research results indicate that the average validation results obtained from media experts I and II are 86%, while the average results from content experts I and II are also 86%. After being validated by the cultural arts teachers, the gamified media received an average total score of 87% from three teachers, all falling under the 'very good' qualification. Therefore, based on the assessments of media experts, content experts, and teachers, it is concluded that the gamified digital learning media product is categorized as 'suitable' for use as an alternative cultural arts learning media in State Junior High School 3 Grogol. The existence of this appropriate media undoubtedly stands as an innovative learning tool, incorporating gaming elements to enrich the process of singing skills.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Elektronik Berbasis Representasi Multipel Menggunakan Inkuiri Terbimbing pada Topik Asam-Basa

This study aims to develop and determine the feasibility of multiple representation-based electronic teaching materials using a guided inquiry model on the topic of acid and base for class XI high school. The method used in this research is research and development (R & D) which was developed by Thiagarajan and known as the 4D model. The 4D model consists of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research instrument is a questionnaire to obtain a quantitative score used to determine the feasibility of teaching materials. The study results indicate that the developed teaching materials have a very good feasibility percentage. The developed teaching materials have been corrected by expert lecturers and revised according to the input given so that a decision is obtained that the teaching materials can be used. The feasibility of teaching materials is determined based on the assessment of the chemistry teacher as a reviewer and student responses. The assessment category obtained from the review by the chemistry teacher are very good with an average assessment percentage of 86.75%. Based on the results of field trials, the student responses show that the developed teaching materials were classified as very good category with an average percentage of 83.00%. Therefore, based on the validation and field trial results, the developed electronic teaching materials are feasible for use in class XI chemistry learning on the acid-base topic.

Fostering mathematical connections and habits of mind: A problem-based learning module for elementary education

Previous research has highlighted the challenges of improving students' mathematical skills, particularly in connecting mathematical concepts to everyday life and developing strong mathematical habits of mind. This research aims to integrate problem-based learning (PBL) into a mathematics module to enhance mathematical connection abilities and mathematical habits of mind. The ADDIE method was employed to achieve this goal, encompassing five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The findings indicate that media, material, and language experts deemed the module highly suitable. Furthermore, the product was rated as highly practical based on teacher assessments, student responses, and observations during implementation. Effectiveness tests of the product, conducted through MANOVA, t-tests, and N-gain tests, revealed that the module is highly effective in enhancing students' mathematical connection abilities and moderately effective in improving their mathematical habits of mind. These findings underscore the importance of integrating digital learning technologies to increase the module's engagement and accessibility.

Problem-Based Learning Tool Integrated with Education for Sustainable Development on Biodiversity Topic to Improve Science Literacy

Education for sustainable development (ESD) has become a focus in learning in line with demand in biology learning outcomes in the merdeka curriculum. Problem based learning (PBL) with the integration of ESD prepare students with science abilities considering the fact that students' scientific literacy in Indonesia is still very low. This research aims to develop ESD-integrated PBL learning tool as a reference that teachers can use in implementing learning with ESD approach and to determine the effectiveness of learning tool in improving students' scientific literacy. This research used ADDIE model; analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The developed learning tool consists of lesson plan, worksheet and learning assessment instruments. This research instrument consists of validation questionnaire by expert validators and teachers, students’ response questionnaire, and scientific literacy questions. The results of this research showed that the developed learning tool was feasible and could be used in classroom based on the assessments of expert validators and teachers. The worksheet developed received a good response from students. Based on the n gain analysis, the application of PBL integrated ESD learning tool increases students' scientific literacy skills in the medium category

The model of intermediate assessment of future teachers’ professional competencies

The model of intermediate assessment of future teachers’ professional competencies

Expansive assessment of expansive abilities: Teachers’ perspectives and practices with multimodal and translanguaged content assessments

BackgroundExpansive assessment seeks to reimagine assessment in content and language integrated learning (CLIL) through the lens of expansive theories of communication (e.g., multimodality, translanguaging). However, for expansive assessment to be consequential for students in CLIL classrooms, teachers must be open to recognizing student learning expressed in ways that go beyond what has been traditionally privileged (e.g., written English). AimsThis article reports on two complementary studies of U.S. teachers’ perspectives and practices related to expansive assessment. Study 1 addressed multimodal assessment with pre-service teachers (PSTs) in science. Study 2 addressed translanguaged assessment with in-service teachers (ISTs) in language arts. SamplesParticipants in Study 1 were 10 PSTs. Participants in Study 2 were two ISTs from different elementary schools with different instructional arrangements. MethodsInterviews and observations were used to elicit teachers' perspectives on expansive assessment and their practices interpreting students’ performances. ResultsIn both studies, teachers' perspectives closely reflected their practices. For example, PSTs whose perspectives eschewed logocentrism tended to recognize evidence of science learning in students' visual responses. However, there were also findings unique to each study. For example, ISTs’ perspectives and practices related to translanguaged assessment were mediated by the language policies at their schools. ConclusionsThe two studies, which examined different teacher populations, assessment approaches, and content areas, converge in highlighting three overarching themes to guide future research: (a) the importance of clarity regarding constructs assessed, (b) the contextual mediation of teachers’ perspectives and practices, and (c) the need for teacher learning across their careers.

DEVELOPING ANIMATED VIDEO FOR WATER CYCLE TOPIC IN FIFTH GRADE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

The low level of student motivation in studying the water cycle has resulted in reduced instructional effectiveness. This factor is attributed to the limited utilization of technology by teachers to enhance the appeal of the learning process, with teachers predominantly relying on textbooks as the primary instructional resource. The research aims to evaluate the validity and practicality of animated video media as a supplementary tool for understanding the subject matter and fostering learning motivation, specifically concerning the water cycle topic for 5th- grade elementary school students. Data were obtained through the ADDIE model phases (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research findings indicated that the material presented in the instructional videos exhibits a remarkably high level of suitability for delivery to students, with an average validation percentage of 100% by subject matter expert and 95,14% by media expert. Additionally, an evaluation of the practicality of this media revealed an average percentage of 89% from student feedback and 100% from teacher assessment. Consequently, it can be inferred that this animated video product is both valid and practical for utilization within the realm of educational instruction.Keywords: learning media, animated video, water cycle.

Development of Weebly-Based Website Learning Media Containing Ethnochemical Acid-Base Material

Technological disruption causes relatively rapid and even uncontrollable social change, while the pace of education moves at a super slow speed. Weebly is an alternative media technology that can be used as a learning medium. This research aims to produce Weebly-based learning media that contains ethnochemistry that is valid and suitable for use in the learning process and as a student learning resource. Weebly-based learning media is an innovation that teachers can use to facilitate the learning process through presenting culture related to chemistry on the website. This research uses an R&D approach with the ADDIE model. The instruments used in this research were validation sheets and product assessment sheets. The product was validated by one material expert and one media expert and assessed by three chemistry teachers and thirty high school students. The expert validation results show that the learning media is very valid in terms of material and media. The results of the learning media assessment by three chemistry teachers obtained an average score of 110.3 with a percentage of 91.9% in the very good category. Student responses to the learning website were also positive with an ideal percentage of 96.7% in the very good category. The results of expert validation, teacher assessments, and student responses show that the website is valid to use as a chemistry learning medium and as a learning resource.

FEASIBILITY TEST OF COOPERATIVE GI (GROUP INVESTIGATION)-BASED STUDENT WORKSHEETS (LKPD) ON STATIC FLUID MATERIAL

This development research aims to produce physics LKPD based on Cooperative GI on the subject matter of Static Fluid which is feasible to be applied in the physics learning process at school and determine the response of students after using the developed LKPD.The subjects in this study were students of class XI MIPA totaling 18 students. This type of research is a development research or Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D Model. The instruments used in this study consisted of a validation questionnaire for material experts and learning experts, a questionnaire for the assessment of physics teachers, and a questionnaire for students' responses to the physics LKPD based on cooperative learning. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive. From the results of data analysis obtained material expert validation of 82%, learning experts 81%, physics teacher assessment of 90% with each of these percentages included in the very good category. While in the broad trial the percentage of student responses with a sample of 15 people was 86.06% with very good criteria, so that based on the results of validation, physics teacher assessment and student responses it can be concluded that Cooperative-based physics LKPD on the subject matter of Static Fluid is feasible to use in the learning process. Keywords: Development, LKPD, STEM, Elasticity and Hooke's Law

Assessment of Indoor Particulate Matter and Teacher's Perceived Indoor Climate in Government Schools of Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh, India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Indoor air pollution (IAP) affects the long-term health, cognitive growth, and academic performance of children. Since children spend most of their time at school, quantifying IAP in classrooms is an important parameter for air pollution. To assess the average particulate matter (PM) levels inside and outside of classrooms along with their associated factors and teacher's perceived indoor climate. Cross-sectional survey in nine government-run schools. PM2.5 and PM10 were measured inside the classroom and outdoors simultaneously during summers, using an Atmos monitor for two consecutive days, along with several school and classroom characteristics. Perception about indoor air quality was captured from teachers (n = 15) using a validated questionnaire. Mean values of PM using mixed effect linear regression. Perceived indoor air quality is presented using percentages. Mean indoor PM2.5 and PM10 was 52.5 µg/m3 and 65 µg/m3. Indoor and outdoor PM levels were highly correlated, but the indoor-outdoor ratio of PM concentrations was more than 1. Teachers were mostly bothered by dust, dirt, and noise in the schools. Indoor air quality was higher than World Health Organization (WHO) standards but within the national standards. Need further research to find the exact cause for higher indoor PM levels compared to outdoor PM levels.

Pengembangan Video Animasi Mengenal Pokok Pikiran Sebagai Media Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar

This research is motivated by the fact that learning is still centered on the use of textbooks, causing students to be less interested in participating in learning, which affects students understanding, still confused in determining the location of the main ideas. The purpose of this research is to (1) explain the feasibility animated video Getting to Know the Main Ideas for fifth grade elementary school students, (2) determine the magnitude of the influence animated video Getting to Know the Main Ideas on the ability to determine the main ideas, and (3) analyze teacher and student assessments of the video animation Getting to Know the Main Ideas. The research method used is research and development with the ADDIE development model, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Implemented for fifth grade elementary school students and teachers. Product feasibility was obtained from the validation with a feasibility percentage from material experts of 95% and a feasibility percentage from media experts of 78.4%. The magnitude of the effect was analyzed from the pretest and posttest results which were calculated using the paired samples test, showing a significance value of 0.000, less than 0.05. The product assessment results by teachers and students are in the range of 81-100% with very good criteria. Thus, the animated video Getting to Know the Main Ideas is suitable for use for learning, has a significant influence on the ability to determine the main ideas, and received a very good response from teachers and fifth grade elementary school students.

Duolingo and Supporting Teacher Assessments

Duolingo and Supporting Teacher Assessments

Development of Human Blood Circulation Board Media (PAPEDA) Oriented to Students' Mastery of Science Concepts

This research aims to produce human blood circulation board media (PAPEDA) based on validity, practicality and effectiveness regarding students' mastery of science concepts. This research is development research. The development model used is the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects were 25 grade 5 students at SDN 14 Cakranegara. The instruments used were validation sheets, teacher assessment sheets, student assessment sheets, and test questions for students' mastery of science concepts. The data analysis technique used is a validity test with the minimum criteria being in the valid category, then a practicality test based on the results of teacher assessment and student assessment with the minimum standards being in the practical type, and an effectiveness test with the criterion that the proportion of students who achieve the classical minimum completeness criteria is at least at 75%. This research shows that PAPEDA learning media meets valid criteria with an average expert assessment score of 84% with perfect measures. The results of field trials show that PAPEDA learning media meets practical and influential standards. The functional aspect assessment was obtained from teacher and student assessments, with average scores of 96% (efficient) and 81% (efficient). The effectiveness aspect is evaluated from the results of students' mastery of science concepts tests. The proportion of students who reach the minimum completeness criteria in the science concept mastery test is 80%, within the effective criteria. Thus, the learning media developed meets valid, practical and influential standards

Perceptions of Teachers Regarding Teachers’ Assessment Process at Universities of Balochistan

The study was sought to explore the perceptions of teachers regarding teachers’ assessment process at universities of Balochistan and to discover the perceptions of teachers regarding the process of annual confidential reports (ACRs) at Universities of Balochistan. A cross sectional descriptive design was adopted. All the faculty members of public and private sector universities of Quetta constituted the population. Convenient sampling technique has been used to select 93 teachers for data collecting data through a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data. Findings of questionnaire from teachers stated that majority of respondents 76(81.7%) said they have regular feature of teacher’s assessment. Maximum respondents 68 (73.! %) answered in yes about teacher's assessment ACRs are used in department. Most of teachers 72 (77.4%) agreed that Peer review is essential part of teacher's assessment. Majority of respondents 63 (67.7%) agreed in yes that Opinions of students are also included in the assessment procedure. Majority of respondents 63 (67.7%) answered in no that they know the result of ACR. Maximum respondents 70 (75.3%) answered in yes that ACRs provide the vital input for assessing your performance. Maximum respondents answered in No that chairperson ever take any action against the poor ACR findings of any teacher.

Development of an Integrated Science and Health Education Module Based on Discovery Learning Theme Sports Healthy Heart

This research aims to analyze the validity, practicality and readability of the Integrated Science module based on discovery learning on the theme of healthy heart sports. This research is research and development. The development model used is the 4D model by Thiagarajan which contains three development stages, namely define, design and develop. The validity assessment included two science education experts and the practicality assessment included five science teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Bekasi. The test subjects for the Integrated Science module included ten students in class VIIIA of SMP Negeri 2 Bekasi Sukasada in the readability test. The data obtained consisted of qualitative data and quantitative data using observation guide grid instruments, interview guide grids and questionnaire assessment sheets. Data were analyzed descriptively. Research results The Integrated Science Module obtained a score of 1 with very valid qualifications based on the results of the Science Education Expert's assessment with a score of 1; The Integrated Science Module obtained a score of 4.35 with very practical qualifications based on the science teacher's assessment; The Integrated Science Module obtained a score of 4.14 with a reading qualification based on the results of student assessments with a score of 4.14. The conclusion of this research is that the Integrated Science module based on discovery learning with the theme of healthy heart sports has very valid qualifications, is very practical and readable, so it can be continued to effectiveness testing

Development of Electronic Modules Based on Collaborative Problem Solving on Buffer Solution Materials

The aim of developing an electronic module based on Collaborative Problem Solving is to determine the characteristics and quality of an e-module based on Collaborative Problem Solving on buffer solution material. This research is motivated by the lack of learning processes that utilize e-learning; one e-learning application is electronic modules based on Collaborative Problem Solving. This development research design uses the 4-D model, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The type of data obtained is qualitative data, which contains interview results, comments, suggestions, or input regarding the development of electronic modules. In contrast, quantitative data is obtained using questionnaire scores, which include four categories, namely strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree. The quality of electronic modules is assessed based on expert assessments, chemistry teacher assessments, and student assessments. The results of the expert assessment were 96%, the Quality Assessment by the Chemistry Teacher was 86.77%, and the Student Assessment was 81.94%, obtaining very high validity results, so it can be concluded that the development of electronic modules can be used in schools on buffer solution materials.

TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT CLASSROOM LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT: COLLABORATIVE DISCUSSION AS A MEDIATIONAL SPACE

In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on language teachers’ beliefs about language assessment; however, teachers’ collaborative discussion as a mediational tool has received scant attention. The present study aimed to investigate non-native language teachers’ beliefs about classroom language assessment regarding features of effective assessment, assessment of learners by teachers, peers, and themselves, benefits of assessment, informal assessment vs. formal assessment, and continuous assessment. Participants of the study were positioned in two collaborative discussion groups of novice and experienced teachers. Analysis of the data indicated that the teachers in each focus group held similar beliefs about most of the issues on classroom language assessment. The findings also demonstrated that the participants believed in the important role of classroom language assessment for different purposes, the utilization of both informal and formal assessment, and the utilization of continuous assessment as a fair mode of assessment. Furthermore, they believed that classroom language assessment should accurately assess what is taught in the course while focusing on all four language skills and sub-skills. Although they had positive attitudes toward teacher assessment and self-assessment, they were not in favor of peer assessment. The results of this study have implications for teacher education as adequate attention should be paid to teachers’ assessment beliefs due to their vital role in classroom assessment. Collaborative discussions can be enacted in teacher education to shape and reshape teachers' assessment beliefs.