Tea Pot Research Articles

End-of-pipe treatment of secondary treated coke-oven wastewater for removal of fluoride, cyanide, phenol, ammoniacal-N and nitrate using waste material: Experiment, modelling and optimization

The present investigation focused on End-of-pipe treatment of secondary treated coke-oven wastewater to remove cyanide, phenol, ammoniacal-N, nitrate and fluoride using earthen tea pot (ETP), a local market waste. The effect of parameters like adsorption time (0–10 h), particle size (1–3 mm) and adsorbent dose (10–30 gL−1) was tested for removal of pollutants from synthetic BOD treated coke-oven wastewater (SBTCW) and maximum removal was obtained as cyanide (95.46 ± 0.004%), phenol (99.70 ± 0.005%), ammoniacal-N (47.88 ± 6.31%), nitrate (61.03 ± 2.12%), and fluoride (92.35 ± 0.09%) at adsorption time 10 h, particle size 1 mm and adsorbent dose 10 gL−1. Kinetic study showed that the fluoride removal data fit satisfactorily to the Pseudo 2nd order kinetic model, whereas the Pseudo 1st order model was found to be fitted well to the kinetic data of all other pollutants. Adsorption isotherm study portrayed that the Freundlich isotherm model holds good to represent equilibrium data for the removal of pollutants. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the removal efficiencies of all five pollutants. The optimum removal condition as shown by RSM study was contact time: 7.3 h, and initial concentrations (ICs) of cyanide, phenol, ammoniacal-N, nitrate and fluoride are 0.71, 10, 400, 100 and 10.1 mgL−1, respectively, and the removal of five pollutants (cyanide, phenol, ammoniacal-N, nitrate and fluoride) were predicted as 40.58%, 90.00%, 41.63%, 96.00% and 45.29%, respectively. Artificial Neural Network model was developed based on experimental points which indicated that the model can calculate abatement of five different pollutants for various operating conditions with reasonably high accuracy. Genetic Algorithm was then used to optimize the removal process of the five pollutants. Regeneration study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the regenerated adsorbent in next cycle of the End-of-pipe treatment of SBTCW. Finally, real secondary treated coke-oven wastewater was collected and treated with the present adsorbent.

건조방식에 따른 홍차의 성분과 맛 차이

The traditional black tea, called Jeaksal, has made by the method of oxidation under sunlight and consumed in the Hadong region from the past. This study compared the ingredients and quality (taste) of black tea according to drying methods. The highest and lowest levels of the caffeine were obtained in the black tea sun drying (BTSD, 1.93%), and black tea shade drying (BTSHD, 1.73%), respectively, as opposed to the highest total catechin levels in the BTSD (3.31%) and the lowest in the BTSHD (0.78%). The highest theaflavin content was detected in the black tea (BT) (control, 0.66%). We further confirmed that the free amino acid content decreased with delayed drying time and temperature. Total free amino acid was detected by the highest value in BTSD with 24.91 mg/g, but by lowest value in BTSHD with 11.45 mg/g. In the shade drying 'Jeaksal' sour, bitter and astringent taste were strongly detected, whereas salty, umami, richness (after-umami) taste were weakly measured. BT and black tea pot drying (BTPD) has a similar taste pattern overall because of the same pot-drying method.

A Magic Steeped in Poison by Judy I. Lin

Reviewed by: A Magic Steeped in Poison by Judy I. Lin Aaren Tucker Lin , Judy I. A Magic Steeped in Poison . Feiwel , 2022 [ 384 p] (The Book of Tea) Trade ed. ISBN 9781250767080 $18.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9781250767097 $10.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R Gr. 7-12 The unrest in the empire of Dàxī became all too personal for Zhang Ning when she brewed tea from a poisoned tea brick, which killed her mother and sickened her sister. Now the imperial princess is holding a competition to bring a new shénnóng-shī—a master of tea magic—to her court. If Ning is to have any hope of saving her sister, she must enter and win the competition, following in her mother's footsteps by becoming a practitioner of Shénnóng. Ning finds the capital city beautiful and lavish but also rife with danger and political intrigues. The plot tracks a familiar path: Ning enters an unfamiliar setting that both thrills and intimidates her, where she has new experiences and makes new friends and enemies from the cast of fully developed side characters. Vivid descriptions of foods and scents of tea delight the senses, while cinematic prose captures the beauty of the landscapes, including the family's provincial pomelo orchard and the dizzying markets of the capital. The magic system is unique, and the tea competition, with its well-established importance to the protagonist, adds tension. Although a rushed romance and palace gamesmanship threaten to trip up the plot, the book finds its footing once Ning enters into the princess' confidence and the stakes become clearer. Overall, this sophisticated fantasy is as refreshing as a freshly brewed pot of tea, and readers will eagerly await the sequel. Back matter includes a glossary of Chinese terms, pronunciation guides for character and place names, as well as medicinal ingredients, and an author's note. [End Page 194] Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Examining the sustainability of urban furnitures and their potential to be a landmark in the scale of Rize city center

In this study, the effects of urban furnitures in the city center of Rize on the users (tourists, local people, periodical users) were investigated considering the site selection, size, density, layout, visual characteristics, aesthetic value and spatial relationships. Also, the sustainability of the urban furniture and their potential to be a landmark were evaluated in the context of Rize city identity. While 63% of the users emphasized the dimension and originality of the statue of tea pot placed in front of the municipality building and stated that it is appropriate for the place where it is located and it has an effect on people’s habits, the statue of Atatürk which is located in front of the governor’s building and one of the objects regarded as a Landmark stands out with a rate of 70%. In addition, the statue of Atatürk was preferred by the users with the highest rate in the study area according to all evaluation criteria as its location, semantic feature and structural feature.

Novel NoMix toilet concept for efficient separation of urine and feces and its design optimization using computational fluid mechanics

Separation of urine from feces in NoMix toilets bears a large potential for mitigating problems associated with the efficient reuse of excreta. A challenge lies in the design of these toilets that should maximize the amount of collected urine while at the same time minimizing its mixing with flush water that partly spills into the urine collector. We present a novel design idea that takes advantage of the so-called tea pot effect, which describes the attachment of liquids to a curved wall due to surface tension. This effect is used to efficiently guide the urine along a curved entrance into the collector. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the two phase (water/urine - air) system are carried out on different toilet geometries where we vary the inflow to the urine collector. In particular, we investigate two different radial curvatures and two V-profile grooves whose combinations result in four toilet geometries that are tested. We demonstrate that the urine collection can be dramatically improved by tailoring curvature radius and V-profile grooves, while keeping the amount of flush water in the urine collector at a minimum. A reduction to less than 2.5% of flush water entering the urine collector could be achieved by implementing a curvature radius of 15 mm and a V-profile groove width of 60 mm. The improved geometry's performance makes it an appealing candidate for broad application both in western and developing countries and we anticipate that this technology might replace traditional toilet designs in the future.

One Lump or Two?

In a well-known and much discussed article, the philosopher Bertrand Russell wrote as follows (Russell, 1952): If I were to suggest that between the Earth and Mars there is a china teapot revolving about the sun in an elliptical orbit, nobody would be able to disprove my assertion provided I were careful to add that the teapot is too small to be revealed even by our most powerful telescopes.Setting aside Russell's reasons for writing this sentence (in context, to do with both the burden of proof and the existence or otherwise of a deity) I would like to focus on what, in the above extract, is a single word: ‘teapot’. If you, as a reader and no doubt writer of the English language, were required to convey in writing the same concept (a ceramic or metal receptacle with a handle, spout and lid, in which tea is brewed and from which it is poured) would you go for ‘teapot’, ‘tea-pot’ or ‘tea pot’? In other words, to use a phrase commonly heard when the amount of sugar in a cup of tea is discussed, do you think teapot/tea pot should be one lump or two?

Black Silk Chicken

COVER FEATURE HONG KONG you gave me a black silk chicken hoping I’d eat it and get better you gave me a black silk chicken because I’ve been unwell I cooked up the black silk chicken devoured every bite I’m feeling a bit better truly a bit better I devoured every last bite of the entire black silk chicken leaving behind the bones bones I cannot eat one by one I rinsed the bones with water dried them in the sun turns out you can also dip them in ink and use them for writing well then, I think I’ll write a thing or two write a few words thanking you Black Silk Chicken by Xi Xi Scones by Xi Xi I n Eileen Chang’s The Sequel, there is an essay entitled “On Eating Cakes and Drawing Cakes to Stave Off Hunger” that references the Tsingtao Café near the Star Ferry Pier in the Central District of Hong Kong. When she was a university student , every time she went into the city, she always bought half a dozen scones. This kind of scone was a small, triangular flatbread. Whenever Eileen Chang passed through Hong Kong, it always seemed to be in the middle of a historical turning point. Now, Hong Kong is once again on the verge of a historical turning point. Near the Star Ferry Pier, you’ll no longer find the Tsingtao Café. However, in recent years, the cafés in many large hotels have also begun making scones, but these are round in shape. I don’t know if Eileen Chang was referring to that kind, or if the taste is the same. Sitting in a beautiful café, you can order English afternoon tea. Within moments, the table will be set with fine china and silverware, a pot of fragrant tea, sandwiches cut into triangles, a small cake, and two scones. There are generally three kinds of sandwiches: tomato and egg salad, tuna, and ham. The small cakes are like delicate wax carvings, filled either with frosting or liqueur centers. The scones are piping hot, and are served with cream and jam—strawberry , apricot, and the like. The cream is of the utmost importance, and of course is none other than the Devonshire specialty. In the old days, friends and I would often pass the time hanging out in cafés, idling away a pleasant weekend afternoon, chatting freely about everything under the sun, and then we’d browse a few bookstores . Those days have suddenly become a floating uncertainty. The more you drink English afternoon tea, the less it tastes like it used to. Translations from the Chinese By Jennifer Feeley Xi Xi (the pen name of Cheung Yin) has written more than thirty books of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction. One of Hong Kong’s most beloved and prolific authors, she has won numerous international awards, most recently the 2019 Newman Prize for Chinese Literature. Jennifer Feeley translates from Chinese. She is the recipient of the 2017 Lucien Stryk Asian Translation Prize and a 2019 NEA Literature Translation Fellowship. FEELEY PHOTO: SHI LESSNER. HONG KONG PHOTO: FLORIAN WEHDE/UNSPLASH 56 WLT SPRING 2019 ...

Scones

COVER FEATURE HONG KONG you gave me a black silk chicken hoping I’d eat it and get better you gave me a black silk chicken because I’ve been unwell I cooked up the black silk chicken devoured every bite I’m feeling a bit better truly a bit better I devoured every last bite of the entire black silk chicken leaving behind the bones bones I cannot eat one by one I rinsed the bones with water dried them in the sun turns out you can also dip them in ink and use them for writing well then, I think I’ll write a thing or two write a few words thanking you Black Silk Chicken by Xi Xi Scones by Xi Xi I n Eileen Chang’s The Sequel, there is an essay entitled “On Eating Cakes and Drawing Cakes to Stave Off Hunger” that references the Tsingtao Café near the Star Ferry Pier in the Central District of Hong Kong. When she was a university student , every time she went into the city, she always bought half a dozen scones. This kind of scone was a small, triangular flatbread. Whenever Eileen Chang passed through Hong Kong, it always seemed to be in the middle of a historical turning point. Now, Hong Kong is once again on the verge of a historical turning point. Near the Star Ferry Pier, you’ll no longer find the Tsingtao Café. However, in recent years, the cafés in many large hotels have also begun making scones, but these are round in shape. I don’t know if Eileen Chang was referring to that kind, or if the taste is the same. Sitting in a beautiful café, you can order English afternoon tea. Within moments, the table will be set with fine china and silverware, a pot of fragrant tea, sandwiches cut into triangles, a small cake, and two scones. There are generally three kinds of sandwiches: tomato and egg salad, tuna, and ham. The small cakes are like delicate wax carvings, filled either with frosting or liqueur centers. The scones are piping hot, and are served with cream and jam—strawberry , apricot, and the like. The cream is of the utmost importance, and of course is none other than the Devonshire specialty. In the old days, friends and I would often pass the time hanging out in cafés, idling away a pleasant weekend afternoon, chatting freely about everything under the sun, and then we’d browse a few bookstores . Those days have suddenly become a floating uncertainty. The more you drink English afternoon tea, the less it tastes like it used to. Translations from the Chinese By Jennifer Feeley Xi Xi (the pen name of Cheung Yin) has written more than thirty books of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction. One of Hong Kong’s most beloved and prolific authors, she has won numerous international awards, most recently the 2019 Newman Prize for Chinese Literature. Jennifer Feeley translates from Chinese. She is the recipient of the 2017 Lucien Stryk Asian Translation Prize and a 2019 NEA Literature Translation Fellowship. FEELEY PHOTO: SHI LESSNER. HONG KONG PHOTO: FLORIAN WEHDE/UNSPLASH 56 WLT SPRING 2019 ...

When I Met Kathy Acker

When I Met Kathy Acker

Health Without Boundaries

'Sow in spring, grow through the summer, harvest in autumn, store in winter' reflects the ancient wisdom of the Chinese people, passed down for thousands of years. As this year comes to a close, this journal would like to pause to recognize that Taiwan's national health insurance system has been looking after and caring for the health of Taiwan's people for more than 20 years. What can we do to better follow global care trends and to perform better for public health in Taiwan? Many thanks to Director Wang of the Health Promotion Administration for introducing to readers the concept of 'health without boundaries' and examining Taiwan's future healthcare blueprint from a global perspective. In addition, under the influence of fast-changing medical technologies and rising life expectancies, the increase in the population with chronic diseases prompted Health Promotion Administration's Chronic Disease Division Chief Jia Shuli to provide a comprehensive description of his division's work, from developing chronic disease self-care regimens to developing follow-up control protocols. Professor Lin, with years of diabetes prevention, treatment and innovative experience, has also written an article for this issue that explains why health professionals should go beyond dealing with diseases in order to listen, cooperate with, and interact with patients in order to expand the adoption and effectiveness of diabetes self-management programs. Finally, Professor Guo's article stresses the importance of promoting a healthy environment by going beyond focusing on one's health to address the improvement of the overall environment in order to shape the urban health landscape and achieve A+ health quality. In these cold winter days, brew a pot of hot tea and let us taste together these rare journeys of wisdom.

麗末鮮初의 茶文化 樣相 硏究 - 牧隱 李穡의 境遇 -

The pattern of drinking tea in the era of the last period of Goryeo and the early days of Chosun dynasty is closely related to the social and political changes. Since the change of dynasty, the ideas of ruling moved to confucianism from Buddhism.
 The style of drinking tea also followed the step of the social and political situations in that era. Therefore, it is the pivotal role to closely look at the changing pattern of tea culture through Mok Eun. Lee, Saek who was a representative scholar in that era. This study designed to follow his poems to find out any changes on the style of drinking tea. Four specified characteristics on his poems related with styles of tea drinking is identified as follows:
 Firstly, Lee, Saek fascinated with drinking tea in everyday his lives and a tea specialist affected by his father, Lee, Kok and a his teacher, Lee, Jae Hyun. He was also Eager to sequelize ‘Dabo’. It is not hard to find his outstanding features of tea specialist on his poems.
 Secondly, Lee, Saek had considerable insights in fields of Buddhism and Taoism.
 His poem showed his eagerness to the world of Taoist hermit and enlightenment while drinking tea and intimating with monks. It is said that Buddhism and drinking tea thrived in the era of Goryeo.
 Thirdly, Lee, Saek was a confucian scholar although keened to Buddhism and Taoism. That might be closely matched to his life that linked to Goryeo and Chosun.
 He practiced an act of confucianism and his poem that was Dawhosokyong(茶後小詠) and Jeondageoksa(煎茶卽事) showed the way of practicing confucianism and drinking teas.
 Lastly, Lee, Saek was a unique scholar who had lived two eras and having dualstyles of drinking tea through Goryeo and Chosun. Drinking tea in the era of Goryeo was more linked to the idea of reaching the spiritual realm that was expressed ‘flower teapot’ in his poem. In the other hand, small tea pot and boiling tea in the shabby small caldron was a metaphor in the way of practicing confucianism in daily lives.
 Peculiarly, Lee, Saek was a confucian scholar, although he had closely intimated with monks and had a discussion with them about the ideas of ruling. We need to understand that Lee, Saek lived in the era of Goryeo and Chosun those ruling ideas
 were totally different from each other. Interestingly, the way of enjoying tea in daily
 lives were strongly affected by depending on the ruling ideas. Therefore, this study is the pivotal role to provide the style of drinking tea in two era through the poems of Lee, Saek.

Le français des infirmiers par Solange Talavera-Goy, et al

Reviews 203 semantic concepts that is found in the book’s introduction. For example, on the list of grammatical functions are “GrammDirObj = Grammatical Direct Object” and “LogDatObj = Logical Dative Object”(xxii) and on the list of linguistic forms,“1.p.sg = First person singular” and “ComplCl = Complement Clause (which is not to be confused with “CompCl” which is “Comparison Clause”) (xxiii). Using a structural approach, Mosegaard Hansen offers concise descriptions of grammatical rules via their syntactical structure but makes the description more meaningful to native speakers of English by providing detailed explanations of when the French grammatical structures are different from their corresponding English ones. For example,in part III,she writes that the partitive article in the singular“is used to indicate an indefinite amount of a non-countable entity, i.e. something that is conceived as a mass, as in (14), for instance: (14) Tu veux du thé?” (174). She contrasts countable entities with non-countable entities by stating that non-countable entities “can be divided up in smaller parts while still remaining instances of the original thing. If you have made a pot of tea and pour yourself a cup, the contents of our cup will still be describable as tea, even though they constitute only a part of the total amount of tea available” (174). She finishes her argument by showing how the partitive article designates an indefinite number of countable entities [(15) “Sophie a acheté des tulipes” (174)]. The contrast with the corresponding English grammatical structures is justified as follows:“In both cases, English would frequently use what we may call a ‘zero’ article, as in (16)-(17), but the determiner some could also be used as in (18)- (19): (16) Do you want [ø] tea? / (17) Sophie bought [ø] tulips. / (18) Do you want some tea? / (19) Sophie bought some tulips” (174). This reference book is definitely designed for the grammar gurus among us. Those who use this book will develop heightened analytical skills and enhanced attention to detail. As is naturally the case when comparing and contrasting two languages, the user will improve his/her skills in both languages, so much so that what had previously been a baffling structure will be clearer. Fulbright Specialist (NY) Eileen M. Angelini Talavera-Goy, Solange, Nathalie Gardette-Tria, et Chrystel Perez. Le français des infirmiers. Grenoble: PU de Grenoble, 2016. ISBN 978-2-7061-2282-8. Pp. 324 + DVD-ROM. The third entry of PUG’s FLE collection Français sur objectif spécifique, this volume pairs nicely with Talavera-Goy’s earlier co-edited Le français des médecins: 40 vidéos pour communiquer à l’hôpital (2008). Certainly, many medical tasks practiced by doctors and nurses are shared, among them, asking a patient about her symptoms, medical history, and other related questions. Both professions observe and note symptoms, require familiarity with the hospital setting and personnel, as well as medical terminology. This volume’s avant-propos explains its goals as follows: “Cet ouvrage s’adresse aux infirmier(e)s diplômé(e)s et aux étudiant(e)s en soins infirmiers non-francophones qui sont amenés à travailler dans un hôpital ou à faire un stage en France dans le cadre de leur formation” (5). Part I’s three chapters help students to prepare for job interviews, to understand various requirements of the nursing profession , and to learn the layout, services, and job titles of the hospital context. The second part’s six chapters are organized around the themes “accueillir un patient,” “réaliser des soins de confort,”“réaliser des soins prescrits,”“éduquer le patient,”“communiquer autour de la prise en charge,” et “organiser la sortie d’un patient.” The strengths of the volume include a valuable DVD-ROM with video and audio accompanied by transcripts, corrections to the exercises, and a large number of color photos to accompany exercises. The latter can be used within a large variety of contexts serving many. In addressing both French certified nurses as well as non-Francophone students such as those found in the typical French courses at American colleges, the book’s strengths can sometimes become its weaknesses. For instance, a large number of exercises...

Food Banks: A Lens on the Hungry Body

Food Banks: A Lens on the Hungry Body

熱いお茶による小児の喉頭熱傷症例

We herein report a case of thermal epiglottitis in a 4-year-old boy who swallowed hot tea. The previously healthy patient presented to our outpatient clinic complaining of swallowing pain one day after swallowing hot tea from the spout of a tea pot. On the initial physical examination, he exhibited smalls areas of slight scalding on the tongue and soft palate. Although the damage to the oral cavity was not severe, a fiberscopic examination revealed an erythematous and edematous epiglottis partially covered with a whitish coating. The patient was therefore hospitalized and received treatment with ceftriaxone and predonine. He was able to tolerate soft foods within 24 hours and subsequently discharged from the hospital after 48 hours of observation. A history of swallowing a hot beverage from the spout of kettle or tea pot is an important clue suggesting a thermal burn of the larynx. In order to prevent overlooking a potential diagnosis of thermal epiglottitis, which may cause dyspnea on occasion, the importance of conducting a laryngoscopic examination should be emphasized in patients with a history of any of the following findings: 1) swallowing from the spout of kettle; 2) eating unequally cooled hot foods, the exterior of which is cooled, while the interior is not, such as spring rolls or pastries; 3) consuming microwave heated foods or beverages; 4) mental impairment.

The Personality Tea Pot: The Effects and Future Application in Art Therapy (La théière de la personnalité: les effets et les applications futures de l’art thérapie)

:This research study addressed the question of “what is the therapeutic value of the Personality Tea Pot with women who have experienced domestic violence?” The Personality Tea Pot was applied to two case studies of women who had experienced domestic violence. The therapeutic value of this new directive was observed and discussed in the context of person-centred theory. The Personality Tea Pot is a directive that may offer an opportunity for clients to develop a sense of achievement, to reflect on their past, present, and future, to gain new perspective, to set goals, and to self-disclose in a short period of time. Conflicts, vulnerability, insecurities, childhood experiences, and trauma may all enter the form or content in a client’s Personality Tea Pot. Inner conflicts may present themselves in the artwork, allowing the client to become aware of their emotions, experiences, relationships, and selves. The women who participated in this study reported an increased self-awareness and ability to recognize their emotions in relation to their environment. This research paper introduces a new directive to the field of art therapy in hopes that it will be applied to many other populations, with the goal to expand the understanding of the therapeutic value of the Personality Tea Pot.

Tempest in a tea pot: How did the public conversation on genetically modified crops drift so far from the facts?

The debate over genetically modified (GM) crops has raged in Europe since 1996, but had barely risen above a whisper in the USA until recent labeling debates raised public attention. This article will explain GM crops and traits discuss safety assessment provide a view on safety from authoritative organizations discuss selected issues of current debate, and provide the author’s perspective as to why the public debate has drifted so far from scientific reality. The economic and environmental benefits of GM crops are beyond scope, but references are provided. GM food and feed undergo comprehensive assessments using recognized approaches to assure they are as safe as the conventional congener. Issues of food safety and nutrition, unrelated to the GM process, may arise when GM foods display novel components or composition. Unanticipated genetic effects in GM crops appear to be limited in contrast to existing variations among conventional varieties resulting from breeding, mutation, and natural mobile genetic elements. Allergenic potential is assessed when selecting genes for introduction into GM crops and remains a theoretical risk to date. Emerging weed and insect resistance is not unique to GM technology and will require the use of integrated pest management/best practices for pest control. Gene flow from GM crops to wild relatives is limited by existing biological barriers but can at time be a relevant consideration in gene selection and planting practices. Insect-resistant GM crops have significantly reduced use of chemical insecticides and appear to have reduced the incidence of pesticide poisoning in areas where small scale farming and hand application are common. Changes in herbicide patterns are more complex and are evolving over time in response to weed resistance management needs. Recent public debate is driven by a combination of unfounded allegations about the technology and purveyors, pseudoscience, and attempts to apply a strict precautionary principle.

‘A Raking Pot of Tea: Consumption and Excess in Early Nineteenth-Century Ireland

Tea became a mainstay of many people's diets in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in Ireland. However, this development was controversial. In a period of heightened counter-revolutionary anxiety, tea held a range of negative associations. This was especially pronounced in the tense conditions of post-1798 and post-Union rural Ireland. Tea-drinking was understood by reformers of the period to deepen the perceived decadent and idle tendencies of the rural poor. As such, its consumption was linked to a range of domestic and social disturbances. For many reformers of the period, tea came to represent an impediment to effective modernisation. In the process, however, tea became the focus of anxiety surrounding the general effects of modernisation itself.

For My Own Pleasure and Delight

For My Own Pleasure and Delight

THE ARTICHOKE: A TRAVELLING COMPANION IN THE SOCIAL LIFE, TRADITIONS AND CULTURE

The artichoke, Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hayek, in more than five hundred years of cultivation and usage, has marked the most disparate aspects of everyday life and culture, particularly in Italy, France and Spain. The artichokes are recalled in riddles, idioms, lore, legends, anecdotes, tales, poems, films, video, records, music programmes, blogs, web site, monuments, ancient mosaic, fountains, in the art of foretelling lottery numbers and in numerous paintings dating the 16th century until today. Items of common use named Artichokes, such as pasta bowls, serving set, tea pot, spreader, table lamp, wax candle, candelabrum, curtain pole, silk table skirt, knitting patterns colour, rings, earring mint, heart necklace, hotel, bed and breakfast, restaurants, cafe, bar, florists, magazines, publishing house, art graphic design, circus, fireworks, marathon walk, motor-cycle rally, will be remembered. Moreover the artichoke policy, refers to instance, to a shrewd strategy of dealing with one opponent at a time. Kings, queen, prince, captains, wizards, gold artichokes awards, religious sect, artichokes that are not artichokes, artichoke-named villages, people whose last name is Carciofo together with its diminutives, will be reported as well. Beside the existence of nearly 300 landraces, mention has been made of the importance of local festivals, shows and fairs dedicated to the artichoke. The striking roots in the diversity of Italian territory, originate more than 270 typical regional recipes and more than 1.300 all over Italy. At the end the curiosity and the presumed aphrodisiac property, the traditional and folk medicine indication, artichoke leaf tea, liqueur, wine, cheese, very numerous typical artichoke handicraft and by-products will be cited.

Rethinking the Interior, c. 1867-1896: Aestheticism and Arts and Crafts (review)

Reviewed by: Rethinking the Interior, c. 1867-1896: Aestheticism and Arts and Crafts Jane Hamlett (bio) Rethinking the Interior, c. 1867-1896: Aestheticism and Arts and Crafts, edited by Jason Edwards and Imogen Hart; pp. xvi + 277. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2010, £70.00, $119.95. While the aesthetic and the Arts and Crafts movements have dominated understandings of interior design in the second half of the nineteenth century, scholars have frequently considered the two separately or in opposition to one another. But this new collection of essays, edited by Jason Edwards and Imogen Hart, demonstrates their close connection in artistic thought and practice. The essays show evidence of both movements in architecture, interior design, sculpture, and painting. Victorianists will welcome this book's repositioning of the late-nineteenth-century interior not as a forerunner to modernism—as it is often portrayed—but as a significant development in its own right. Rather than seeing the cluttered Victorian interior inspiring stripped-down modernist designs, Edwards and Hart suggest that the eclecticism of the Victorian interior is worthy of further study, explanation, and enjoyment. This thesis underwrites a series of fascinating essays that reconsider well-known designs and objects. Sally-Anne Huxtable returns to the iconic Green Dining Room in the South Kensington Museum (now the Victoria and Albert Museum), traditionally associated with William Morris but in fact produced via the collective efforts of Morris, Phillip Webb, and Edward Burne-Jones. As a Morris and Company interior, the room has been aligned with Arts and Crafts. Yet Huxtable makes a convincing case for seeing this 1860s space as a prototype aesthetic interior—with its green colouring; panels depicting fruit, foliage, and blossoms; and themes of arcadia and rural beauty amidst the London bustle. Likewise, art objects previously labelled aesthetic are linked to the Arts and Crafts movement. Morna O'Neill argues that while the paintings of [End Page 749] Walter Crane embody aesthetic eclecticism, they also depict socialist ideals. Jane Hawkes examines the interior decoration of the Church of St. Mary at Studley Royal in North Yorkshire, designed and produced by William Burges in the 1870s. The density of the design—a riot of carving, applied metal work, gargoyles, plant motifs, and stained glass—might well be seen as eclectic, even representing the "superabundance and disorder" that John Ruskin cautioned against (qtd. in Edwards and Hart 42). Yet Hawkes reveals a carefully organised interior constructed with meticulous attention to archaeological detail. The book repositions key artistic figures in relation to both movements. Morris, the grand old man of Arts and Crafts, is linked to the aesthetic movement through the interior of Kelmscott House, his London home. Using Morris's personal papers and photographs taken at the end of his life, Hart offers a sensitive reading of the house. The decoration clearly carried political meaning, yet its eclecticism and furnishings (described by some observers as "sumptuous" [qtd. in Edwards and Hart 79]) might also be viewed as aesthetic. Likewise, Edwards considers Leighton House, finding that its tiled walls and mosaic floors evoked political philosophies of craftsmanship, yet its interior was resplendent with the tokens of aestheticism: sunflower heads picked out in gold in the ebonised woodwork, blue and white china, and walls decorated in green and yellow tones. The essays also show how the movements were adopted across different practices and markets. Paul Holden explores the combination of the two styles in the work of the architectural team Richard Code and James McClaren, focusing on their refurbishment of Lanhydrock House near Bodmin and the building of an extra wing to "The Park" at Ledbury in Hertfordshire. The architects sought to combine "old and new" (132), establishing continuity with the interiors of the new buildings, yet introducing a restrained aesthetic decor. Anne Anderson examines the representation of blue and white china in nineteenth-century culture, demonstrating that aesthetic tokens were not without critics: "Chinamania" was ridiculed in Punch (112). The tea pot in particular served as a symbol of femininity, even emasculation. Reconsidering the market for nineteenth-century domestic sculpture, Martina Droth argues that while statuettes and smaller sculptures produced for the home have often been labelled as domestic, these complex art objects should...