Changes In Tc Research Articles

The association between Sugars Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) and lipid profile among children and youth: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.

The relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake and serum lipids among children and youth has been reported in several studies, but the results are still controversial. In the current study, we summarized the results of studies that assessed the relationship between SSBs consumption and serum lipids among children and youth in a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. The PubMed, Web of Sciences, Cochrane and Scopus electronic databases were searched for observational studies reporting an association between SSBs intake and serum lipids among children and youth that were published before May 2020. For data extracted from cohort studies, only cross-sectional baseline data were included in the current meta-analysis. The Random effects model was used to estimate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics. In our search, 1845 studies were retrieved of which 13 studies (two cohorts and eleven cross-sectional) were included. High SSB consumption was associated with 1.21 mg/dL increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; pooled WMD: 1.21 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.23, 2.20; P= .01), 1.45 mg/dL decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, pooled WMD: -1.46 mg/dL; 95% CI, -2.25, -0.67; P< .0001) and 2.49 mg/dL decrease in total cholesterol (TC, pooled WMD: -2.49 mg/dL; 95% CI, -2.89, -2.10; P< .0001). In dose-response meta-analysis, there was an evidence of departure from linearity in the relationship between SSB consumption and change in LDL-C (P-nonlinearity = .03) and TC (P-nonlinearity = .01). However, no departure from linearity was observed between SSB intake and change in HDL-C (P-nonlinearity = .56) or triglyceride (TG) values (P-nonlinearity = .85). According to our results, high SSB consumption was significantly associated with higher LDL-C and lower HDL-C and TC among children and youth. However, owing to the limited number of the included studies, further well-designed interventional studies are needed to better elucidate causality.

8주 유산소 운동이 연령대별 비만 여성의 안정 시 대사량에 미치는 영향

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of regular aerobic exercise on body composition and resting metabolic rate in obese women in their 20’s & 30’s and obese women in their 50’s & 60’s who have entered menopause.<BR> Method: In this study, the tested subjects were obese women residing in the city of S with a BMI of 25 or higher, or a body fat percentage of 32% or higher. They were separated into two age groups: women in their 20’s and 30’s (E1), and women in their 50’s and 60’s (E2). 16 subjects were selected with 8 subjects in exercise group 1 (E1) and 8 subjects in exercise group 2 (E2). The 8-week aerobic training consisted of moderate-intensity exercise at 55-65% THR. Exercise during weeks 1-4 were performed at 55-60% intensity, and weeks 5-8 were performed at 60-65% intensity. Descriptive statistics (Mean ± Standard Error) of all dependent variables were calculated using SPSS/PC+Ver. 21.0K program and the corresponding sample t-test were conducted to determine the differences in RMR, body composition, maximal oxygen uptake, and lipid profile before & after aerobic exercise. The statistical significance level was set as α=.05. <BR> Results: There were significant differences in weight and BMI before & after training in the E1 group and E2 group before & after training (p<.001). There were significant differences in body fat percentage and total fat before & after training (p<.01) in both E1 and E2 groups. There were significant differences in maximal oxygen uptake for the E1 group (p<.01) and the E2 group (p<.001) before & after training, but only the E2 group resulted in significant differences in resting metabolic rate (p<0.01). Examining changes in TC, significant differences were found before & after training in both the E1 group (p<.01) and the E2 group (p<.05). No significant differences in levels of TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were observed in either group.<BR> Conclusion: Eight weeks of regular aerobic exercise result in positively improved treatment of obesity in both age groups. Both groups show decreases in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, lean mass, and TC, as well as increases in resting metabolism rates and maximal oxygen uptake. It is observed that 8 weeks of aerobic training resulted in a variety of positive physiological changes in women with obesity.

Electronic Origin of Tc in Bulk and Monolayer FeSe

FeSe is classed as a Hund’s metal, with a multiplicity of d bands near the Fermi level. Correlations in Hund’s metals mostly originate from the exchange parameter J, which can drive a strong orbital selectivity in the correlations. The Fe-chalcogens are the most strongly correlated of the Fe-based superconductors, with dxy the most correlated orbital. Yet little is understood whether and how such correlations directly affect the superconducting instability in Hund’s systems. By applying a recently developed ab initio theory, we show explicitly the connections between correlations in dxy and the superconducting critical temperature Tc. Starting from the ab initio results as a reference, we consider various kinds of excursions in parameter space around the reference to determine what controls Tc. We show small excursions in J can cause colossal changes in Tc. Additionally we consider changes in hopping by varying the Fe-Se bond length in bulk, in the free standing monolayer M-FeSe, and M-FeSe on a SrTiO3 substrate (M-FeSe/STO). The twin conditions of proximity of the dxy state to the Fermi energy, and the strength of J emerge as the primary criteria for incoherent spectral response and enhanced single- and two-particle scattering that in turn controls Tc. Using c-RPA, we show further that FeSe in monolayer form (M-FeSe) provides a natural mechanism to enhance J. We explain why M-FeSe/STO has a high Tc, whereas M-FeSe in isolation should not. Our study opens a paradigm for a unified understanding what controls Tc in bulk, layers, and interfaces of Hund’s metals by hole pocket and electron screening cloud engineering.

A propensity score matching analysis for cardio metabolic risk of antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia using Japanese claims data

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the cardio-metabolic risk in schizophrenia patients treated by atypical antipsychotic drugs compared with that in those treated without atypical antipsychotic drugs using a nationwide insurance claims database and medical examination database in Japan.MethodsEligible patients were defined as those meeting the following two criteria: (i) A diagnosis of schizophrenia (ICD-10 code: F20) was made between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2017, with data available for at least 6 months before the diagnosis was made (index month), and (ii) health check-up data were available within ±3 months of the index month. The primary endpoint was changes in cardio-metabolic risk based on the Suita score at 1 year, and the secondary endpoints were changes in medical examination data related to cardio-metabolic risk (total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index [BMI], and hemoglobin A1c) at 1 year. The primary endpoint was evaluated by multivariate analysis, with the cumulative chlorpromazine equivalent amount and the baseline Suita score added as covariates.ResultsOne-hundred eighty five pairs of propensity score (PS)-matched patients were evaluated. Patients receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs exhibited a greater change in the Suita score and a risk of coronary heart disease based on the Suita score of 0.530 and 0.098%, respectively, than patients not receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs, but there was no significant difference (p = 0.412 and 0.610). The significant changes in TC and BMI were determined as 6.525 mg/dL and 0.380 kg/m2 greater, respectively, in patients treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs (p = 0.037 and 0.011).ConclusionsThere were no significant increases in changes in the Suita score at 1 year by treatment with atypical antipsychotic drugs compared with treatment without atypical antipsychotic drugs. However, the TC and BMI were significantly higher in patients treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs.

Assessing rectal temperature with a novel non-invasive sensor

Athletes, soldiers, and workers who perform intense physical activities under extreme hot conditions might encounter increased physiological thermal strain. Consequently, the increase in body core temperature (Tc) might result in heat exhaustion and heatstroke. Thus, continuously following changes in Tc is of utmost importance. Recently, the Tcore sensor (Dräger, Germany), which employs a unique dual-sensor heat flux technology, became commercially available to measure Tc, in a hospital-controlled environment. This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using the Tcore sensor to accurately monitor rectal temperature (Tre), reflecting Tc, under exercise-heat stress. Thirteen healthy young males completed the study protocol, consisting of 90min of moderate exercise (walking on a treadmill - 5km/h, 4% elevation) under controlled hot/dry and hot/wet climatic conditions (30°C/60% rh, 34°C/40% rh, and 40°C/40% rh). Tcore sensors were placed on the forehead and the left wrist. Temperatures from both Tcore sensors were recorded continuously together with Tre using a rectal thermistor. The original algorithm used by the company to estimate Tre from the Tcore sensor was found to be inadequate under the study's conditions and new models for the forehead and the wrist measurements were developed. Nearly 150,000 measurement sets (after filtering) were used to build independent MATLAB software algorithms and test their reliability according to the cross-validation algorithm. Bland-Altman analysis was used to compare between the results obtained by the new models to Tre. The database consisted of a large Tre range (36.5-38.9°C). The mean errors of the models were close to zero, and the mean absolute errors were 0.20±0.16°C and 0.27±0.20°C for the forehead and wrist, respectively. 95% of the measurements from the forehead model and 86% from the wrist model were within ±0.5°C of Tre, and 78% (forehead) and 64% (wrist) were within ±0.3°C. Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values were 0.29°C and 0.40°C for the forehead and wrist models, respectively. The developed models show the feasibility to use the Tcore sensor for assessing Tre under exercise-heat conditions. Furthermore, the sensor was found to be adequate for use on the wrist as well, which might be more practical for use in field conditions.

Superconductivity in Ag implanted Au thin film

Au and Ag are known to be metallic and none of them have shown independently superconductivity. Here we show superconductivity in Ag implanted Au thin films. Ag implanted Au films of different thicknesses have been studied using four probe resistance versus temperature measurements. We have also measured the pristine samples (i.e. without any implantation) to compare the transport properties. The superconducting transition occurs around ~2 K (TC) for Ag implanted 20 nm Au film (the lowest resistance observed below TC is ~10−6 Ohm). Change of Tc towards lower temperatures has been observed under the effect of increasing current and magnetic field which endorses the superconducting state. Further the V ~ I measurements were carried out to verify the superconducting nature. We have estimated the coherence length to be about 10 nm. On the other hand, the pristine samples clearly did not exhibit superconductivity down to 1.6 K. Our results open an avenue for further exploring this type of novel superconductivity for future applications.

Value of Angioembolization in the Treatment of Iatrogenic Renal Vascular Injury Assisted by 3-Dimensional Digital Subtraction Angiography.

BackgroundThis study was conducted to investigate the reliability and efficacy of polyvinyl alcohol combined with coils in the embolization of iatrogenic renal vascular injury with the assistance of 3-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA).Material/MethodsTwenty-six patients with minimally invasive renal bleeding who underwent transarterial embolization from January 2012 to January 2019 in our hospital were included in the study. We obtained demographic data from these patients, as well as information on clinical presentation, renal procedures used for treatment, and perioperative details. The changes in renal function tests, serum hemoglobin, serum hematocrit, and technetium Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) levels pre- and postembolization were compared. In addition, the embolic area and the technical and clinical success rates were analyzed. Finally, an angiographic manifestation of the renal artery, 3D-DSA, and the effect of embolization were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAll patients achieved technical and clinical success after embolization (100%, 26/26). There were no significant differences between pre- and postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum parameters, and 99mTc-DMSA. The embolic area was 12%±10%. Patients did not exhibit severe complications during the follow-up period.ConclusionsProximal embolization technique assisted by 3D-DSA for renal iatrogenic hemorrhage and vascular lesions is both safe and efficacious, offering high rates for both clinical and technical success. It maximizes the protection of the kidney and reduces the rate of renal resection.

Inter-individual Variability In Rate Of Heat Acclimation Using A Standard, Fixed Intensity Protocol

In combination with increases in core temperature (Tc) during acute exercise in the heat, progressive increases in heart rate (HR) contribute to increased cardiovascular strain as compared to the same exercise performed in cooler conditions. It is well-established that heat acclimation (HA), defined by both thermal and cardiovascular adaptations (lower Tc and HR), is achieved within ~7 to 10 days of repeated exercise for 60-120 min or more in the heat. More recent research indicates that HA can be achieved in <7 days, also referred to as short-term heat acclimation (STHA). PURPOSE: To quantify the occurrence and magnitude of STHA in a group of young healthy males participating in a standard, 8-day military HA protocol. We hypothesized that some but not all volunteers would achieve STHA. METHODS: Thirteen healthy male volunteers (age 21 ± 3 yrs, ht: 173 ± 8 cm, wt: 75.1 ± 12.2 kg) participated in an 8 day exercise-heat acclimation protocol (120 minutes of treadmill walking: 3.1 mi·hr-1, 2% grade, in 40°C, 40% RH). Tc and HR were recorded every 5 minutes. Pre-and post-exercise nude body-weight (corrected for urine output) were used to calculate total body sweat rate (SR). Individual and group mean (ANOVA) changes in final Tc, HR, and SR were compared across Days 1, 5, and 8 of HA. The criteria for achievement of HA were ΔTc during exercise ≤ 0.9 °C and ΔHR ≤ 33 bpm, which were based on average values attained at Day 8. RESULTS: Group mean Tc (Day 1: 38.1 ± 0.34 vs. Day 5: 37.9 ± 0.3 vs. Day 8: 37.8 ± 0.3°C) and HR (Day 1: 134 ± 17 vs. Day 5: 122 ± 13 vs. Day 8: 121 ± 13 bpm) were significantly decreased by Day 5 (p<0.05) and did not decrease further by Day 8 (p>0.05). Using our criteria for achieving HA, 31% (4/13) of the volunteers achieved HA on Day 5. SR was not different across time points (Day 1: 860 ± 148 vs. Day 5: 908 ± 210 vs. Day 8: 873 ± 203 ml·hr-1; p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that during a standard fixed-intensity heat acclimation protocol, about one third of the volunteers will achieve STHA with no further change in Tc or HR responses beyond Day 5. Future research should evaluate the mechanisms contributing to the variability of achieving STHA. Supported by USAMRDC; author views not official US Army or DoD policy.

High-intensity Interval Exercise While Wearing A Sauna Suit Increases Energy Expenditure

PURPOSE: The use of sauna suits (SS) has increased and claims to enhance weight loss and body temperature during exercise. Whether high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with a SS enhances energy expenditure (EE) and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in EE and EPOC in response to HIIE while wearing a SS. METHODS: Seven recreationally active men and women (mean age, mass, and VO2max = 29.7 ± 6.9 yr, 68.8 ± 17.3 kg, and 46.2 ± 8.10 mL/kg/min, respectively) initially completed assessment of resting metabolic rate (RMR) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). During the VO2max test, exercise began at 60 W for two minutes and work rate increased 25 - 30 W/min until volitional fatigue. Heart rate (HR) and breath-by-breath gas exchange were continuously measured. At least 48 hr later, subjects completed HIIE consisting of 10 x 1 min intervals at 85% peak power output, followed by 75 s of active recovery, with or without a SS. During exercise, HR, core temperature (Tc), and gas exchange data were continuously measured, and thermal sensation and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were also recorded. For 1 hr post-exercise, subjects rested while changes in EPOC, Tc, and HR were determined. Blood lactate concentration was measured pre-exercise, 5 min post-exercise, and 1 hr post-exercise. Subjects returned 1 wk later and completed the other condition whose order was randomized RESULTS: Compared to no SS (NSS), total VO2 (57.3 ± 13.8 L vs. 60.4 ± 13.5 L, p = 0.028) and EE (286.8 ± 69.2 kcal vs. 302.0 ± 67.3 kcal, p = 0.048) were significantly higher for SS. However, EPOC was not significantly different 1 hr post-exercise between NSS (5.1 L ± 4.3 L) and SS (7.5 L ± 5.1, p = 0.16). End-exercise HR was not different between conditions (p = 0.42), but Tc was significantly higher (p = 0.046) for SS (38.6 ± 0.5 °C) compared to NSS (38.4 ± 0.4 °C). Post-exercise blood lactate concentration was not significantly different (p = 0.20) between conditions (9.6 ± 3.5 vs. 10.8 ± 3.4 in NSS vs. SS). End-exercise thermal sensation (p = 0.60) and RPE (p = 0.17) were not significantly different between conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Wearing a SS during HIIE elicits greater EE and Tc versus not wearing a SS. Therefore, a SS may aid in weight loss by increasing the total amount of calories expended during HIIE.

Mid-peripheral corneal steepening after orthokeratology

Purpose:&#x0D; The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine data from patients who had undergone orthokeratology (OK) to quantify the amount of mid-perpheral steeping in tangential curvature (MP-TC) and total refractive power (TRP) changes.&#x0D; Methods:&#x0D; Charts were reviewed from participants and data from the Pentacam instrument were collected prior to OK and after the final visit. Variables included central flattening (C-TC), the e-value, the mid-peripheral tangential curvatures (MP-TC), total corneal refractive power (TRP), the initial Rx (sphere) and initial corneal curvature (flat K). The group was further subdivided into high and low myopia for comparison. All participants were fitted with the Paragon CRT lenses. Data analysis was conducted to analyse the effects of lenses on TC and TRP.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; A total of 40 patients (80 eyes) age13.95±6.80, 34 M and 46 F, were successfully fitted with CRT lenses. The average sphere was -4.23±0.90D for Group 1 and -1.89±0.62D for Group 2 The changes in TC and TRP from baseline were significant (both P&lt;0.0001). The difference between the amount of C-TC and the maximum area of MPTC was ≈4.00D in the horizontal meridian and ≈3.00 in the veritcal meridian. The amount of MP-TC change from baseline was ≈2.00D in both meridians. There was a similar change in TRP: the distance from the centre to mid-periphery ≈2.50D. For C-TC, C-TRP, MP-TC, MP-TRP there was no significant difference between the 2 groups, overall (P=0.541 (TC) and P=0.321(TRP)).&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Results from this study should provide valuable insights into the topographic and refractive changes occurring with orthokeratology.

2027-P: A Retrospective Study of Weight and Metabolic Changes in Patients with Obesity (BMI≥30 Kg/m2) after Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) or Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG)

Weight reduction in obese individuals lowers comorbidities. LSG is the most common bariatric procedure in use today, but there is a need for less invasive approach. ESG, a novel incisionless, minimally invasive procedure, involves endoscopic plication of the greater curvature of the stomach reducing its length and width. We compared weight and metabolic changes associated with these procedures. A single center retrospective study was performed of consecutive patients that underwent LSG or ESG. SAS and multivariate mixed model were used to determine percentage change of total body weight (TBW), BMI, BSA (body surface area), HbA1c and total cholesterol level (TC). 25 patients were recruited (11[44%] had LSG and 14[56%] had ESG). The average age of LSG group was 47±3.9 and ESG group was 39±4.2 years. There was no statistical difference in the age, gender, or race between the groups. 29% of LSG patients and 10% of ESG patients had diabetes. Results are in the Table; * indicates significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: In this limited retrospective study, patients who underwent LSG had a higher % reduction in TBW, BMI and BSA than those who underwent ESG. There was no statistical difference between the groups in the HbA1c or TC change. These preliminary data should be confirmed in larger prospective randomized trials. Disclosure P. Benias: Consultant; Self; Apollo EndoSurgery. A.K. Vegesna: None. T. Leung: None. K. Ziskovich: None. D. Inlall: None. L. Poretsky: None. L.S. Miller: None. Funding New York State Department of Health

Multiresponsive Spin Crossover Driven by Rotation of Tetraphenylborate Anion in an Iron(III) Complex

Dynamic molecular materials, which involve mechanical motions in crystals, usually exhibit tunable properties related to conformational polymorphs. Herein, we describe a solvent-free molecular crys...

Correlations between interatomic bond strain and Curie temperature for complex oxides based on quasielastic model of perovskite structure

Some correlations between interatomic bond A–O strain and ferroelectric or antiferroelectric phase transition Curie temperature TC have been revealed for complex perovskite structure oxides (PSO) with composition of and types using perovskite structure quasi-elastic model. It has been established that both binary and ternary PSO have similar tendency for TC change with increasing interatomic bond A–O strain: first, TC increases and then decreases. At a certain value, TC of binary PSO has a maximum for both ferroelectric and antiferroelectric binary perovskites. Nevertheless, for ternary ferroelectrics such maximum is not observed.

Canopy temperature of high‐nitrogen water‐stressed cotton

AbstractAustralian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) farmers are adopting canopy temperature (Tc)‐based irrigation scheduling as a decision support tool to improve on‐farm production. High N supply, characteristic of the high‐yielding, furrow‐irrigated cotton system of Australia, might alter cotton Tc with implications for irrigation. We examined growth, physiological, and biochemical traits and changes in Tc of well‐watered and water‐stressed cotton plants supplied with high to excessive levels of N under glasshouse conditions. We also examined Tc, lint yield, and fiber quality of furrow‐irrigated cotton crop supplied with high N. In the glasshouse and under well‐watered conditions, high N supply stimulated plant growth and increased stomatal conductance and photosynthesis, resulting in cooler Tc. Under water deficit stress, high N also stimulated growth, increasing plant water demand and thus vulnerability to water stress, which manifested as warmer Tc. Water‐stressed plants supplied high N also showed reduced stomatal conductance, lower leaf water potential, and greater accumulation of leaf and xylem sap abscisic acid. Furrow‐irrigated crops supplied higher N also had higher Tc, but there was no gain in lint yield and fiber quality. The influence of high N on cotton Tc suggests that the need for accurate and reliable Tc‐based irrigation scheduling is paramount.

Predicting doped MgB2 superconductor critical temperature from lattice parameters using Gaussian process regression

Magnesium boride, MgB2, has attracted much attention since the discovery of its superconductivity in 2001. The absence of weak-links in grain boundaries, less prominent anisotropy, rather simple powder-in-tube wire fabrication techniques, and much lower prices of raw materials, have made this new superconducting material a promising candidate for high-field magnet applications. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that various methods, such as chemical doping, irradiations, and different processing parameters, can lead to lattice disorders in the materials and thus alter physical properties. Empirical results have shown that changes in lattice parameters through various methods correlate with changes in Tc but correlations are merely general tendencies and obviously not universal. In this work, the Gaussian process regression model is developed to predict critical temperature based on lattice parameters among disordered MgB2 in various materials systems. This modeling approach demonstrates a high degree of accuracy and stability, contributing to efficient and low-cost predictions of Tc and understandings of disorders and superconductivity in MgB2 superconductors.

Effects of diet versus diet plus aerobic and resistance exercise on metabolic syndrome in obese young men

BackgroundDiet and physical activity are the most commonly recommended strategies for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome (MetS). This randomized trial aims to examine the effectiveness of a weight reduction intervention based on caloric restriction, low-impact aerobics (LIA), and a resistance-training program in improving body composition, metabolic parameters and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among obese students diagnosed with MetS. MethodsIn all, 23 male participants, aged 19–24 years, were randomly introduced to a dieting program (the diet group, or DG = 09) or to dieting associated with a supervised physical training program (the diet plus training group, or DTG = 14). Before and after the intervention, the participants’ anthropometric measures and cardiovascular disease risk factors were assessed. ResultsFollowing the diet-based intervention, significant improvements were noted in BMI (p = 0.39), PBF (p = 0.022) and LDL-c (p = 0.024). However, in response to the diet plus aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, obese participants had significant reductions in body weight (p = 0.018), WC (p = 0.042), BMI (p = 0.001), BFP (p < 0.001), DBP (p = 0.013), SBP (p = 0.016), TG level (p = 0.026), TC (p = 0.016), LDL-c (p = 0.001) and VLDL-c (p = 0.026). Notable differences were also observed between groups in terms of changes in WC (p = 0.003), BFP (p = 0.05), WHR (p = 0.029), FBG level (p = 0.022), TG level (p = 0.001), TC (p = 0.006), LDL-c (p = 0.014) and VLDL-c (p < 0.001). ConclusionDiet-based intervention could be an effective tool in reducing body composition and some MetS components. However, adding three weekly aerobic and resistance-training sessions to the dieting program may deliver better outcomes, particularly in terms of reducing WC, BFP, WHR, FBG level, TG level, TC, LDL-c, and VLDL-c.

Abstract P1-11-01: Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on Reynolds risk score in overweight or obese breast cancer survivors

Abstract Background Breast cancer survivors have approximately double the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease than age-matched women without a cancer history. Reynolds risk score is a validated algorithm for the assessment of cardiovascular disease, which incorporates high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and parental history of myocardial infarction with traditional biomarkers including cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and presence of diabetes. We previously demonstrated that exercise improves Framingham risk score (12.0±2.0 to 2.0±1.5), calculated by traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease, SBP (132.9±13.0 to 120.7±9.5 mmHg), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; 43.1±6.6 to 64.7±7.8 mg/dL), and total cholesterol (TC; 196.5 ± 53.4 to 157.5 ± 37.1 mg/dL), in breast cancer survivors. This secondary analysis sought to examine the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on Reynolds risk score in breast cancer survivors. Methods One hundred overweight or obese (BMI&amp;gt;25kg/m2) sedentary breast cancer survivors (stage I-III) who completed cancer treatment within 6 months prior to enrollment were randomized to the Exercise group (EX; n=50) or the Control (CON; n=50). The EX underwent supervised moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic and resistance exercise sessions 3 times/week for 16 weeks. The CON was asked to maintain their current level of activity. Reynolds risk score was calculated for each participant by assigning values for each of the following eight categories: age, SBP, TC, HDL-C, presence of diabetes; HbA1c, smoking status, hsCRP; and parental history of myocardial infarction. Within-group and between-group differences in mean change for individual outcomes measured at 16 weeks were evaluated using general linear models repeated-measures analyses of variance and mixed model repeated-measures analysis, respectively. Results Following the 16-week study period, Reynolds risk score was significantly reduced (8.3% to 0.9%), with improvements in hsCRP (3.4±0.6 to 2.3±0.3 mg/L), presence of diabetes (40 to 20%), and HbA1c (7.5±0.9 to 2.9±0.2%) in EX compared to CON (P&amp;lt;0.01). There were no significant changes in TC (194.4±48.9 to 210.4±52.2), HDL-C (41.0±4.3to 39.9±4.0), SBP (133.7±9.7to 135.9±9.8), hsCRP (3.7±0.3 to 4.2±0.4), presence of diabetes (22 to 24%), HbA1c (7.5±0.8 to 7.9±0.8) and Reynolds risk score in CON (P&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion A 16-week supervised aerobic and resistance exercise intervention is an effective approach to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by reducing hsCRP, cholesterol, diabetes status, and SBP in breast cancer survivors. Participation in supervised exercise training during cancer survivorship should be considered to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease mortality in breast cancer survivors. Citation Format: Kyuwan Lee, Debu Tripathy, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Kerry Courneya, Joanne Mortimer, Christina Dieli-Conwright. Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on Reynolds risk score in overweight or obese breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-01.

Growth of High-Quality Superconducting FeSe0.5Te0.5 Films on Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 and Electric-Field Modulation of Superconductivity.

Heterostructures composed of superconductor and ferroelectrics (SC/FE) are very important for manipulating the superconducting property and applications. However, growth of high-quality superconducting iron chalcogenide films is challenging because of their volatility and FE substrate with rough surface and large lattice mismatch. Here, we report a two-step growth approach to get high-quality FeSe0.5Te0.5 (FST) films on FE Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 with large lattice mismatch, which show superconductivity at only around 10 nm. Through a systematic study of structural and electric transport properties of samples with different thicknesses, a mechanism to grow high-quality FST is discovered. Moreover, electric-field-induced remarkable change of Tc (superconducting transition temperature) is demonstrated in a 20 nm FST film. This work paves the way to grow high-quality films which contain volatile element and have large lattice mismatch with the substrate. It is also helpful for manipulating the superconducting property in SC/FE heterostructures.

Novel Organic Material Induced by Electron Beam Irradiation for Medical Application.

This study analyzed the effects of irradiation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) containing 40% of bronze using an electron beam with energy of 10 MeV. Dosages from 26 to156 kGy (2.6–15.6 Mrad) were used. The impact of a high-energy electron beam on the thermal, spectrophotometric, mechanical, and tribological properties was determined, and the results were compared with those obtained for pure PTFE. Thermal properties studies showed that such irradiation caused changes in melting temperature Tm and crystallization temperature Tc, an increase in crystallization heat ∆Hc, and a large increase in crystallinity χc proportional to the absorbed dose for both polymers. The addition of bronze decreased the degree of crystallinity of PTFE by twofold. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies confirmed that the main phenomenon associated with electron beam irradiation was the photodegradation of the polymer chains for both PTFE containing bronze and pure PTFE. This had a direct effect on the increase in the degree of crystallinity observed in DSC studies. The use of a bronze additive could lead to energy dissipation over the additive particles. An increase in hardness H and Young’s modulus E was also observed. The addition of bronze and the irradiation with an electron beam improved of the operational properties of PTFE.

Risk for heat-related illness among wildland firefighters: job tasks and core body temperature change

ObjectivesIn order to make recommendations to protect wildland firefighters (WLFFs) from heat-related illness, the role physical exertion plays on core body temperature (Tc) in the work environment needs to be...