Taylor Frame Research Articles

Facilities, Equipment and Personnel in Education of Persons with Visual Impairment

The paper discussed that education of persons with visual impairment cannot gain any achievement without the use of special learning facilities and equipment and personnel. The special learning facilities and equipment can either be electronic or manual. Also highlighted in the paper includes assistive technologies for reading, writing, mobility, mathematics among others. The personnel in education of persons with visual impairment include Braillist, opticians, Rehabilitation therapist among others. Facilities for education of persons with visual impairment requires; Braille room, Typing pool, Resource room, among others were highlighted. The equipment for persons with visual impairment; Braillers, typewriters, audible ball among others were included in the paper. Equipment for mathematics; Taylor frame, Abacus Raised clock faces among others. Equipment for geography; Brailled atlas, Moulded plastic dissected relief maps among others. Equipment for writing; Raised-line writing paper among others. Assistive technologies for computer access; JAWS Talking Software, Refreshable Braille displays among others. The paper concluded that it is a necessity to have facilities, equipment and personnel as they are very useful in the education of persons with visual impairment as they are to every other living being.

Assistive technology for visual impairment and trainers at schools for the blind in Delhi

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the availability of assistive technology (AT) for visual impairment and trainers in schools for the blind in Delhi. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 22 of the 24 schools in Delhi. The headteacher of each school was asked about availability of 52 ATs divided into writing, reading, math, sciences, sports, mobility, and daily living, using a questionnaire. Information on availability of trainers was also collected. Of the 52 ATs, the most frequently available were Braille slate with stylus and abacus (>90% of schools), followed by Taylor frame, long cane and talking watch (80% to 90% of schools). Only 11 of 52 AT devices were available in 60% or more of the schools. Tactile-based ATs were more available than vision-based ATs. In the 22 schools, 63 trainers for reading & writing were available (80% of posts), 18 for sciences (59%), 25 for math (70%), and 11 for mobility (50% of posts). Except Braille slate and stylus, there is a huge shortage of AT in these schools. The educational needs and performance of students could be helped by developing and using a list of priority Assistive Products for example, the WHO AP list.

Mental Arithmetic Efficiency among Children with Visual Impaired and Sighted

Background: Teaching mathematics to the blind students is traditionally considered as a challenge. Various devises like Abacus, Taylor Frame, Tactile Board, and Geo Board have been invented and developed which enables the students with visual impairment to study mathematics so far. Some special school for blind uses Abacus in practice to teach math in the primary level and some are prefer Taylor Frame. While children with visual impairment in inclusive settings are scattered and identified as minority children in the schools. Objective: The present study was conducted on mental arithmetic efficiency among visually impaired children and sighted children in Dehradun and Delhi. Sample: The data was collected from a sample of 100 students (50 visually impaired children and 50 sighted children) who were studying in class VIth of the Govt schools for the blind. Design: The sample was selected by using purposive sampling technique. Tool: The descriptive survey method was used for the data collection by using self developed questionnaire. Results: The study reported that sighted children had high mental efficiency as compare to visually impaired children regarding the mathematics learning. Conclusion: The results evidenced that mental efficiency can be a powerful interface to develop and enhance mathematics learning in blind children. Keywords: Mental Arithmetic Efficiency, Visually Impaired Children, Sighted Children

Lower bounds for matrices and its applications in frame theory

Lower bounds of non-negative triangular matrices and generalized Hausdorff matrices on the Taylor sequence space are considered. Some estimates are found for their lower bounds that depend on the ℓ1-norm of the columns of the Taylor matrix. Further, we show that similar estimates are obtained if we consider such matrices on the domain space of an arbitrary summability matrix Λ in ℓp, in which again the ℓ1-norm of the columns of the matrix Λ appears. As an application of such estimates to frame theory, we present the concept of Λ-frames for a separable Hilbert space H, as a special case of E-frames which were recently introduced in Talebi and Dehghan (2015). We study some properties of Λ-frames and specially Taylor frames. We characterize all Taylor orthonormal bases, Taylor Riesz bases and Taylor frames starting with an arbitrary orthonormal basis for H. Finally, we characterize all dual Taylor frames for a given Taylor frame.

Fixator-assisted nailing for revision ankle fusion with deformity, bone loss and or infection

Context: Ankle nonunions with deformity and bone loss are challenging cases, often with broken hardware and infection. These cases are often associated with multiple previous surgeries making revision surgery difficult. Ankle fusion for failed total ankle arthroplasty or neuropathic joints are particularly challenging, which is reflected in high reported failure rates. Aims: Fixator-assisted nailing combines Taylor spatial frame (TSF) with an intramedullary nail, allowing for correction of deformity and compression at the nonunion site, as well as internal fixation protecting the fusion after frame removal. Subjects and Methods: Between 2001 and 2014, 24 patients with 26 failed ankle fusions, with bone loss and deformity, were treated using this technique. After removal of the original internal fixation hardware and revision of the fusion surfaces, a Taylor frame is used for acute or gradual correction of deformity and compression at the nonunion site. This was followed by insertion of intramedullary nail. The nail was locked at the time of fixator removal. Results: Acute correction was possible in 23 of the 26 cases with gradual correction in the others. Union was obtained in 25 cases (96.2%) and maintained at 24 months in 23 cases (88.4%). The overall salvage rate (avoidance of amputation) was 96.2% (25/26 cases). All salvaged limbs remain free of clinical infection and do not require ongoing antibiotic treatment. The foot was in neutral position in all salvaged cases. The average time in external fixation was 11 weeks (6-13 weeks). The average AOFAS ankle/hindfoot score was 74 (range: 61-80). Conclusions: Fixator-assisted nailing, combining a TSF and an intramedullary nail, is a reliable technique for revision ankle fusion for complex nonunion with deformity and/or infection.

Treatment of severe early onset Blount's disease by an intra-articular and a metaphyseal osteotomy using the Taylor Spatial Frame

Severe Blount's disease results in a multiplanar deformity of the lower limb. The mechanical axis is disrupted, there is a rotational deformity, and also shortening of the limb. A depression of the medial tibial plateau causes joint incongruity and instability. The purpose of this study is to review the results of treatment addressing all the aspects of the deformity. Four patients were treated for severe Blount's disease. The index procedure consisted of a medial tibial plateau elevating osteotomy, a lateral tibial and proximal fibular epiphysiodesis, a proximal tibial metaphyseal osteotomy, and the application of the Taylor Spatial Frame programmed for correction of varus, rotation and shortening, and preemptive lengthening to compensate for growth arrest. Mechanical axis was corrected from a mean 23 degrees (13 degrees -30 degrees ) to 0 degrees in three patients and 6 degrees valgus in 1. Tibias were lengthened by 1-4 cm. At follow-up, the mechanical axis was 0 degrees in two patients and 7 degrees varus in two. The overlengthening was diminishing as planned. The double osteotomy and Taylor Frame correction was found to be accurate, safe, and effective for multiplanar deformity correction in severe Blount's disease.