Tax Education Research Articles

Kuliah Kerja Nyata: Membangun Generasi Muda Cerdas dan Kreatif, Serta Memperbaiki Desa Berkualitas, dan Edukasi Perpajakan pada Gen Z di Desa Lubang Buaya, Setu, Kab. Bekasi

The Real Work Lecture Program (KKN) has been implemented in Lubang Buaya Village, Setu, Kab. Bekasi. In this program we seek to help local communities overcome the problems in the economic, educational, social and health sectors as well as in the infrastructure and environmental sectors that they face. This article discusses KKN's efforts to develop the potential of the younger generation, especially Generation Z, through strengthening intelligent and creative education. Apart from that, this article also highlights improvements to village facility infrastructure to improve the quality of life of local communities. During KKN activities, various tax education programs are carried out to increase public understanding and awareness, especially generation Z, about the obligations and benefits of taxation. Through the integration of these activities, it is hoped that a young generation can be created that is not only intelligent and creative, but also has social awareness and the ability to contribute to sustainable village development.

Peran Mediasi Tax Knowledge dalam Hubungan Tax Education dan Tax Compliance

This research examines tax education which influences tax knowledge with the mediation of tax knowledge. Data from a survey of 130 individual taxpayers in Samarinda who had taken taxation courses through formal tertiary level education were analyzed using smartPLS, which produces findings that tax education and tax knowledge have a significant and positive effect on tax compliance, tax education has a significant and positive effect on tax knowledge, and tax education has a significant and positive effect on tax compliance through tax knowledge which is partial mediation. This research results in empirical evidence regarding the importance of tax education in increasing tax compliance. High tax compliance will help the government in terms of funding to carry out work programs that can ultimately improve people’s lives.

EDUKASI KEPATUHAN PAJAK: MEMBANGUN KESADARAN PAJAK PADA GENERASI Z DAN PRAKTIK PENGISIAN SPT DENGAN APLIKASI E-FILING

The purpose of community service (PMM) is to provide tax education to the Z generation in Ternate City about the importance of taxes for the nation and state. This PKM also provides training about how to fill out and report SPT via the e-filing application. This PKM is provided by a collaborative PKM team consisting of lecturers and students from the sharia accounting study program. The PKM method is Participatory Action Research (PAR). Based on the pre-test carried out, it was discovered that from 42 participants, only 40% of them had a good basic understanding of the importance of taxes and none of the participants knew how to use the e-filing application. And after PKM inished, total number of participants who understood the total importance of taxes and how to use the e-filing application increased to 96%.Keywords: Education; Tax; E-filing; Z Generation.

Analisis Pengetahuan dan Tingkat Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Pengusaha Marketplace di Kalangan Generasi Z

The purpose of this research is to analyze the knowledge and level of tax compliance of marketplace entrepreneurs in Generation Z. Researchers use qualitative methods with an interpretive paradigm. Data collection was carried out through interviews by exploring the perspectives of four Generation Z people, who are individual MSME taxpayers, have been marketplace entrepreneurs for at least 2 years, and have a turnover of under IDR 500 million per year. The research results showed that in the sample studied, no one knew about the tax obligations for the online business they ran. Even though they were only required to report taxes without paying, none of the research subjects fulfilled their obligations. The reasons for this behavior vary, starting from the perception that the tax reporting process is complicated and burdensome. busy running an online business. The view that online businesses do not experience direct benefits from tax contributions like offline businesses. Changes regarding tax regulations for online businesses and the behavior of non-compliant co-workers also influence their non-compliance. The suggestion for the marketplace is to require every seller to deposit proof of tax report every year. Meanwhile, the suggestion for the government is to provide tax education to MSME business actors who operate online.

Determinants of Tax Compliance Intention on Pre-Service Tax Payer with Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

This study investigates the determinants of tax compliance intention among pre-service taxpayers using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. Integrating attitudes towards tax compliance (ATC), subjective norms (SN), and perceived ease with tax laws (PETX) enhances the traditional TPB model's predictive power. Data collected via a survey of pre-service taxpayers and analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) reveal that ATC significantly enhances tax awareness (TA) with a path coefficient of 0.397 (p < 0.001), while SN and PETX also positively affect TA with path coefficients of 0.293 (p < 0.001) and 0.195 (p < 0.001), respectively. ATC and PETX show significant direct effects on tax compliance behavior (TCB), with total effects of 0.399 (p < 0.001) and 0.403 (p < 0.001). Although SN does not directly affect TCB, its indirect effect through TA (0.082, p < 0.05) is significant. TA significantly impacts tax compliance (TC) with a path coefficient of 0.277 (p < 0.001). These results suggest that enhancing positive attitudes towards tax compliance, leveraging social norms, and simplifying tax laws are crucial for increasing tax awareness and compliance among pre-service taxpayers. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers and tax authorities to develop effective educational and regulatory strategies aimed at fostering voluntary tax compliance, contributing to the literature by validating the extended TPB model and emphasizing early intervention in tax education.

Edukasi Dan Pendampingan Wajib Pajak Masyarakat Pedesaan

The role of education and assistance to taxpayers in the context of Lontos Village. Through a scientific approach, this research highlights the importance of education and assistance as an effort to increase taxpayers' understanding and awareness of tax obligations. The implementation of this service aims to provide education and assistance as well as provide understanding and awareness to the public as taxpayers regarding the importance of paying taxes in Lontos Village, East Luwuk District. The methods used in implementing the service are direct observation, interviews, and carrying out service activities related to tax education in Lontos Village. The results of the service implementation are that structured and targeted education and assistance can make a positive contribution in increasing taxpayer compliance and strengthening the relationship between taxpayers and the village government as the authority in tax collection. The implication of these findings is the need to increase education and mentoring programs on an ongoing basis to support tax awareness and strengthen the tax system at the local level. The service carried out provides valuable insight for related parties in designing effective strategies to support tax compliance in Lontos Village, East Luwuk District, Banggai Regency and may also be applied in a broader taxation context.

Status Externalities in Education and Low Birth Rates in Korea

South Koreans appear to be preoccupied with their offspring's education and also have the lowest total fertility rate in the world. We propose a novel theory with status externalities and endogenous fertility connecting these facts, motivated by novel empirical evidence on private education spillovers. Using a quantitative model calibrated to Korea, we find that fertility would be 28 percent higher without the externality. We explore the effects of government policy: a pro-natal transfer or an education tax can increase fertility and reduce education spending. An education tax of 22 percent together with moderate pro-natal transfers maximizes the current generation's welfare. (JEL D31, D62, E24, I21, I26, I28, J13, O40)

Upgrade your knowledge in tax: Tax awareness from an early age in education

Taxes are the main pillar of government development funding, as mandated by Indonesian law. The primary challenge at Erenos High School in South Tangerang is the lack of taxpayer awareness regarding tax compliance. There is an urgent need to change citizens' perspectives on fiscal education from an early age through systematic strategies, including curriculum and student activities. The education sector has welcomed the Directorate General of Taxes' initiative to include tax education in the curriculum, fostering tax awareness among the younger generation. The implementation process includes several phases: interviews and discussions, module preparation, presentations, training and discussions, and mentoring. The Community Service Team monitored the activities, observing significant student interest in the subject matter presented. The students' enthusiasm and high participation indicated strong curiosity, evidenced by the variety of questions directed at the speakers. The speakers' engagement in asking about the students' tax knowledge was clear from the final evaluation results, showing that 91.8% of participants felt they had begun to understand their responsibilities as taxpayers. This initiative aims to instill a sense of tax awareness early on, ensuring that future generations are well-informed and compliant with tax regulations, ultimately supporting government development efforts.

Does Tax Audit Enhance Tax Compliance? The Role of Tax Education and Fear-Appealing Messages

The study explores the role of tax education and fear-appealing messages in the linkage between tax audit and tax compliance among corporate entities. Data was collected from 205 corporate entities using questionnaire as an instrument. The data was analysed using the PLS-SEM. It was observed that tax audit enhances tax compliance among corporate entities. Again, while tax education partially mediates the linkage between tax audit and tax compliance, fear-appealing messages negatively moderate the relationship between the two. The study concluded that regular tax education during tax audits enhances tax compliance but does not release threatening messages to taxpayers. It was recommended that tax revenue authorities should increase tax audit frequency and educate tax payers during the audit exercise. This has the tendency to improve the level of tax compliance among corporate entities.

Assessing the Relative Progressivity of the Biden Administration's Federal Student Loan Forgiveness Proposal

Abstract We quantify the total stock of balances eligible for the Biden Administration's 2022 student loan forgiveness proposal and examine which groups would have benefited most. Up to $442 billion in loans were eligible. Those who would have benefited most were younger, had lower credit scores, and lived in lower- and middle-income neighborhoods. We also find that Black and Hispanic borrowers would have disproportionately benefited from the proposal. We then compare the distribution of beneficiaries for the proposed policy to several alternative hypothetical forgiveness proposals and three existing tax credits. The additional forgiveness for Pell Grant recipients increased the progressivity of the policy at a cost of $129 billion. Reducing the income eligibility criterion in half from the proposal would have reduced the cost by nearly $100 billion and made the policy more progressive. Compared with existing tax credits, the announced forgiveness policy is less progressive than the Earned Income Tax Credit but more progressive than the 2019 Child Tax Credit and higher education tax credits. We conclude with a discussion of how each policy lever affects the progressivity of loan cancellation to help inform future policy.

The Impact of Service Quality and Tax Socialization on Taxpayer Awareness Performance: Case from Mimika Papua, Indonesia

Taxation plays a crucial role as the largest source of income for governments, including local governments such as Mimika Regency, Papua Province. Therefore, the impact of Tax Socialization, Taxpayer Compliance and Awareness, and Service Quality on Taxpayer Service Performance remains relevant to be studied. This study employs an empirical test with 100 taxpayer respondents in Mimika Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia. Hypothesis testing was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of the test prove that service quality, tax socialization, and taxpayer awareness have a positive influence on taxpayer compliance. Service quality, tax socialization, and taxpayer awareness also have a positive influence on service performance. Taxpayer compliance does not have a positive influence on service performance, but taxpayer awareness does. The theoretical implications of this research information serve as a guide for researchers to develop tax and tax knowledge, and the determinants of non-compliance can be used for future research. From a policy maker's perspective, this information will assist tax authorities in developing tax education programs.

The Moderating Effect of Tax Knowledge on the Relationship between Tax Rates and Tax Compliance of MSMES in Nigeria

Findings from prior studies have confirmed the inconsistencies and weak relationship that exists between tax rates and tax compliance. This study, therefore, tested the strength of the relationship between tax rates and tax compliance of MSMEs by introducing tax knowledge as the moderating variable. From 500 questionnaires administered, 325 were collected and from data cleansing 304 respondents were tested. Stratified and proportional sampling techniques were used in selecting the samples. The study found that tax knowledge moderated the relationship that exists between the tax rates and tax compliance of MSMEs in Nigeria. Also, the study found that tax rates and tax knowledge have a significant effect on the tax compliance of MSMEs in Nigeria. Tax literacy is important in improving the basic tax education of the citizens and trust in government. The study, therefore, recommended that the government should include taxation in the curriculum of elementary classes in Nigeria.

THE EFFECT OF TAX EDUCATION, TAX AWARENESS AND TAX MORALITY ON TAX COMPLIANCE OF INDIVIDUAL TAXPAYERS

This study aims to examine the effect of tax education, tax awareness, and tax morality on individual taxpayer compliance. The population in this study is vocational teachers spread across DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. The reason for choosing teachers as a sample is because the role of educators is very significant to build an awareness of the paradigm of tax compliance from an early age to students. The research method used is a quantitative method, using the Structural Equation Model approach (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that tax education, tax awareness, and tax morality have a positive effect on tax compliance KEYWORDS: Tax Education, Tax Awareness, Tax Morality, Tax Compliance

The Influence of Taxation Knowledge, Taxpayer Awareness, and Tax Sanctions on Individual Taxpayer Compliance (At the Bandung Cicadas Primary Tax Office)

This research uses data from KPP Pratama Bandung Cicadas to highlight concerns about taxpayer compliance, especially with regard to self-assessed taxes. When it comes to tax knowledge, awareness, penalties and compliance, researchers have different opinions. The results highlight the influence of understanding, awareness, and impact on taxpayer behaviour as well as the collection of government taxes. An analysis of the relationship between taxpayer compliance and tax knowledge, awareness, and penalties is carried out through the use of descriptive and verification techniques in a quantitative research. Taxpayers of KPP Pratama Bandung Cicadas will be surveyed to determine the extent to which tax knowledge, awareness, and penalties influence compliance. This is done without comparing or linking the factors. Slovin was used to extract 100 taxpayers from a total of 300,740. We use quantitative and descriptive statistics. Tax compliance and tax policy should be improved as a result of this study. According to the research, people who are more aware of the tax rules are better able to pay their taxes. Enforcing tax rules through the use of tax penalties increases taxpayer understanding. According to the results of the research, the increase in taxpayer compliance at the Bandung Cicadas Primary Tax Service Office can be attributed to increased tax knowledge, awareness, and penalties. Given that these three factors statistically influence taxpayer compliance, it is important to study them together. Tax education, taxpayer awareness, and the effectiveness of tax penalties are some of the recommendations made in the study to increase taxpayer compliance.

Tax Education and Income Tax Filing Compliance among Small Taxpayers in Mbarara City

Purpose: This study aimed at establishing the relationship between tax education and income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers in Mbarara city. The study was driven by the fact that despite Uganda Revenue Authority’s efforts to improve tax compliance, income tax filing compliance is still low among small taxpayers in Uganda in general and Mbarara city in particular.
 Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 33,979 small taxpayers in Mbarara city out of which 31,324 were individual taxpayers while 2,655 were non-individual taxpayers. The sample size included 380 respondents out of which 350 were individual taxpayers while 30 were non-individual taxpayers. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents from each of the six divisions of Mbarara city. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 where correlation coefficients were generated and presented in a table.
 Findings: The correlation analysis revealed that tax education was positively and significantly related to taxpayers’ income tax filing compliance (r=.631, p<0.05). Based on the findings, the study concludes that tax education plays a crucial role in improving income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends a need for the government and tax authorities, in this case, Uganda Revenue Authority to put in place strategies and programs aimed at improving awareness about income tax filing. Some of these strategies include intensifying tax education and outreach services of the mobile tax office ‘Tujenge Bus Services’ to all locations; introducing basic tax education at earlier stages of formal education such that citizens are informed about their future obligations to file income tax returns; translating all information about income tax filing in different local languages and publishing the same in print format for easy understanding. The study contributed significantly to the Theory of Reasoned Action by highlighting the role of education and sensitization in increasing taxpayer awareness about tax and improving voluntary income tax filing compliance. This will help the government to put in place policies that should be implemented by Uganda Revenue Authority to improve income tax filing compliance.

The Mediating Effect of Taxpayer Perception in the Relationship between Tax Education and Income Tax Filing Compliance among Small Taxpayers in Mbarara City

Purpose: This study is about establishing the mediating role of taxpayer perception in the relationship between tax education and income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers in Mbarara city.
 Materials and Methods: The study used cross-sectional research design on a study population of 33,979 small taxpayers with a sample size of 380 respondents in Mbarara city. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents while data was collected using a questionnaire tool whose validity (Content Validity Index) and reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha) were ascertained before data collection and found to be above 0.70. The collected data was analyzed with the aid of SPSS version 26.0 to generate regression coefficients which were exported to an Online Medgraph Calculator to determine mediation effect, significance and path analysis. 
 Findings: The regression analysis results revealed that taxpayer perception had a significant partial mediating effect (βmd=.366, p<0.05) on the relationship between tax education and income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers in Mbarara city. Based on the findings, the study concludes that efforts aimed at improving taxpayer perceptions play a significant role in strengthening the relationship between tax and income tax filing compliance.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends a need for the government and tax authorities, in this case, Uganda Revenue Authority to put in place strategies and programs aimed at changing individual perceptions, social understanding and personal motivations regarding income tax filing. Some of these strategies include intensifying tax education and outreach services of the mobile tax office ‘Tujenge Bus Services’ to all locations; introducing basic tax education at earlier stages of formal education such that citizens are informed about their future obligations to file income tax returns; translating all information about income tax filing in different local languages and publishing the same in print format for public access at no cost; and recruiting more tax agents within Mbarara city who can assist small taxpayers in income tax filing at a reasonable fee. The assumptions of the Theory of Reasoned Action, Social Influence Theory and Motivational Posturing Theory could also be relevant in assisting the tax authorities to change the personal and societal perceptions about income tax filing and motivate them to willingly comply with their filing obligations. The study has significant implications for policy making as it identifies a need for government and tax authorities to establish policies and offer incentives and motivational postures that prioritize voluntary compliance rather than introducing sanctions to enforce income tax filing compliance.

Taxpayer Perception and Income Tax Filing Compliance among Small Taxpayers in Mbarara City

Purpose: This study is about establishing the relationship between taxpayer perception and income tax filing compliance among small taxpayers in Mbarara city. The study is driven by the fact that despite Uganda Revenue Authority’s efforts to improve tax compliance, income tax filing compliance is still low among small taxpayers in Uganda in general and Mbarara city in particular.
 Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 33,979 small taxpayers in Mbarara city out of which 31,324 were individual taxpayers while 2,655 were non-individual taxpayers. The sample size included 380 respondents out of which 350 were individual taxpayers while 30 were non-individual taxpayers. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents from each of the six divisions of Mbarara city. A questionnaire method was employed in data collection where self-administered 5-point Likert type questionnaire with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of .91 and a Cronbach’s alpha (α) of .86 was used in data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 where correlation coefficients were generated and presented in a table.
 Findings: Results from the correlation analysis revealed that taxpayer perception was positively and significantly related to income tax filing compliance (r=.715**, p<0.05). The study concludes that efforts aimed at improving taxpayer perceptions play a significant role in improving income tax filing compliance.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends a need for the government and tax authorities, in this case, Uganda Revenue Authority to put in place strategies and programs aimed at changing individual perceptions, social understanding and personal motivations regarding income tax filing. Some of these strategies include intensifying tax education and outreach services of the mobile tax office ‘Tujenge Bus Services’ to all locations; introducing basic tax education at earlier stages of formal education such that citizens are informed about their future obligations to file income tax returns; translating all information about income tax filing in different local languages and publishing the same in print format for public access at no cost; and recruiting more tax agents within Mbarara city who can assist small taxpayers in income tax filing at a reasonable fee. The assumptions of the Motivational Posturing Theory could also be relevant in assisting the tax authorities to change the personal and societal perceptions about income tax filing and motivate them to willingly comply with their filing obligations. The study has significant implications for policy making as it identifies a need for government and tax authorities to establish policies and offer incentives and motivational postures that prioritize voluntary compliance rather than introducing sanctions to enforce income tax filing compliance.

Does Tax Compliance Intention Mediate the Determinant of Tax Compliance? Evidence from Indonesia

Purpose: The increasing use of technology and business complexity means that taxpayers must increase their knowledge in completing tax obligations. Theoretical framework: Tax compliance intention as a mediation was analyzed the relationship among tax knowledge, tax moral, tax rate and tax sanction on tax compliance. Method: A quantitative methods approach was used by distributing questionnaires to 350 of MSMEs in Indonesia. The multiple linear regression analysis result show that there is positive effect about tax knowledge, tax moral and tax sanction on tax compliance intention. Meanwhile, the tax rate does not influence on tax compliance intention. Results and Conclusions: Furthermore, tax knowledge, tax rate and tax sanction does not have influence on tax compliance behavior. Meanwhile, there is positive relation between tax moral and tax compliance intention on tax compliance behavior. Finally, tax compliance intention mediates the influence of tax knowledge, tax moral, tax rate and tax sanction on tax compliance behavior. The tax intention of MSMEs comply tax regulation give significant effect on tax compliance behavior. Research, Practical & Social implications: This study offers implications for tax regulator to conduct tax education for tax payer in order to develop MSMEs motivation intrinsic that can improve taxpayer intention to comply on tax regulation. Originality/value: Our novelty contribution of tax knowledge measurements on task risk knowledge and profit-tax knowledge dimensions can impact MSMEs intention to comply.

Enhancing Tax Compliance Intentions: Analyzing the Influence of Awareness, Attention, and Persuasion Among Future Taxpayers

This study explores the factors influencing tax compliance intentions among future taxpayers, specifically examining the roles of taxpayer awareness, attention, and persuasion. Employing a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional design, the study analyzed data from a sample of 278 individuals using the PLS-SEM model, evaluating both measurement and structural models. The results demonstrate that taxpayer persuasion has a significant direct impact on tax compliance, indicating that persuasive communication strategies are highly effective. Additionally, taxpayer awareness directly influences tax compliance and mediates the effects of other variables, highlighting the importance of knowledge and awareness in fostering a compliance mindset. Taxpayer intention serves as a crucial intermediary, translating awareness into compliance behavior. The findings suggest that a multifaceted approach combining awareness campaigns, targeted educational programs, and persuasive communication can significantly enhance compliance rates. These insights are essential for developing effective tax education and communication strategies, ultimately contributing to a more robust and compliant tax system. Future research should further investigate these relationships across diverse demographics to bolster tax compliance efforts comprehensively.

An Investigation into the Causes of Tax Evasion and Avoidance by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Their Effect on the Zambian Economy in Chililabombwe District

This study was purposed to investigate the causes of tax evasion and avoidance and its effect on the Zambian economy in Chililabombwe District of the Copperbelt Province. It had two-fold objectives: to examine the causes of tax evasion and avoidance in Chililabombwe District by SMEs, and to determine the effect of tax evasion and avoidance in Chililabombwe District on the Zambian economy. The study used a mixed method approach combining both qualitative and quantitative paradigms in which 110 sample size was targeted. One Hundred and ten (110) questionnaires were distributed and 79 were returned representing 72%. Purposive and convenient sampling techniques were used. Quantitative data was analysed through the SPSS version 16 while qualitative data was analysed through content analysis focusing on main unfolding themes from the interviews. The study discovered that that there are loopholes in the Zambia Revenue Authority's (ZRA) tax administration system which are due to inefficiencies or inadequate competence of tax collectors, which taxpayers exploit in evading and avoiding tax. The investigation also revealed that on account of the established loopholes, certain revenue collectors collude with taxpayers to commit tax fraud by accepting bribes from them while poor sales, high tax rates, and lack of tax education to SMEs were noted to be among key reasons for tax avoidance. Consequently, the study ascertained with concern that the levels of development in the district, in terms of social amenities, schools, road network, and youth / women empowerment programmes are very low. The study concluded that tax evasion and avoidance were real and rife among the SMEs on account of the factors cited and that mitigative policy measures were required without any further delays. Arising from the results of the study, it was strongly recommended that for tax evasion and avoidance to be mitigated, the revenue authority needs to urgently reform the tax system to make it equitable and fair coupled with rigorous tax education to the traders for sufficient tax knowledge and thereafter digitize tax remittances with ease for the traders to file returns without need for middle persons. Tax morale and ultimately revenue collection can be improved through tax education programs, integrity of tax collectors, and reduction of tax rates chargeable to SMEs. Enhanced training and sensitization to create awareness, reduce compliance cost, and simplify online technology for the overall positive impact on compliance among the SMEs are elements of paramount import for the success of the nation in meeting its socio-economic goals through guaranteed revenue collections by the Revenue House.