Tatar ASSR Research Articles

Working conditions and health status of furniture finishers

We have studied the working conditions and health status of workers in the leading professions of the furniture and woodworking industries of the Tatar and Mari ASSR.

Modern tasks of protection and rational use of water resources in the Tatar ASSR

At a meeting of the Politburo-Central Committee of the CPSU on November 15, 1984, when considering the drafts of the State Plan for the Economic and Social Development of the USSR and the State Budget of the USSR for 1985, the importance of specifying ways of solving economic and social problems for the last, final year of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan was emphasized.

Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Tatar ASSR

The analysis of the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) for 25 years (1959-1983) was carried out.

Epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Tatar ASSR

Observations of the last 20-30 years have revealed a number of new natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Middle Volga region, including the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Myocardial function and central hemodynamics in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) occupies a significant place in the structure of the regional infectious pathology of the Tatar ASSR. One of the causes of death in this disease is acute cardiovascular failure.

Inpatient dental care in the Tatar ASSR

Odontogenic inflammatory processes are observed in 40.7 - 60.3% of all inpatient dental patients [1]. Over the past decade, the number of people with trauma admitted annually to a dental hospital has increased 2.7 times and amounts to an average of 23.8% of the total number of inpatient patients [31. Despite the increase in the frequency of inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial region and jaw injuries requiring inpatient treatment, the level of provision of the population with dental hospitals remains low and is equal to an average of 0.35 beds per 10,000 population in the country [2].

The infestation of children with dental caries in the foci of endemic goiter

In order to clarify the effect of endemic goiter on the prevalence of dental caries, 1101 schoolchildren aged 14-17 years with a permanent bite formed in the goiter-endemic areas of the Tatar ASSR were examined. The dentist determined the CPI index, the endocrinologist determined the degree of enlargement of the thyroid gland, the presence of nodes in it. The material obtained after the examination is presented in the table.

Morbidity with temporary disability in the Tatar ASSR

Morbidity with temporary disability is one of the important and highly informative criteria characterizing the health of workers, as well as the effectiveness of medical and recreational work. In our country, its accounting was introduced in 1925. Thanks to this, it became possible to specifically and rationally plan the entire range of relevant socio-economic measures. The almost 60-year history of the study of SVT shows that at present it has undergone significant structural changes, and the curve of the dynamics of the incidence rate over the years has numerous ups and downs, the causes of which are not always explicable. As it is known, the level of sound is extremely sensitive to the changing socio-economic living conditions of the population. Therefore, this problem goes far beyond healthcare and covers almost all spheres of people's life.

Physical development of newborns in Zelenodolsk

The purpose of this work was to study the dynamics of physical development of newborns in Zelenodolsk, Tatar ASSR for 1961, 1970 and 1978, taking into account gender differences, nationality of children and the age of mothers. More than 1000 cards of newborns were analyzed in each examined period.

Epidemiological characteristics of salmonellosis in the Tatar ASSR

The main regularities of the epidemic process of salmonellosis in the Tatar ASSR for 1960-1980 are characterized. In various administrative territories, the epidemic process of salmonellosis has common patterns. The increase in morbidity since 1976 is mainly due to the nosocomial spread of the disease among young children.

Tasks for further improving the health care of the Tatar ASSR in the light of the decision of the XXVI Congress of the CPSU

The decisions of the 26th Congress of the CPSU, the speech at it by the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Comrade Leonid I. Brezhnev entered our life as a program of great achievements for the good of the people. These historical documents creatively generalize the practice of communist construction in the USSR, embody the strategy and tactics of the CPSU on the most important issues of the economic, social and spiritual development of our country, taking into account the specific conditions of our time.

Chronicle. Volume 62, No.2 (1981)

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Tatar ASSR, for services in the field, public health, the honorary title "Honored Doctor of the Tatar ASSR" was awarded.

Chronicle

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Tatar ASSR, Galim Izmail Khabibullovich, Associate Professor of the Department of Radiology, was awarded the honorary title of Honored Doctor of the Tatar ASSR for his services in the field of health care;

On the hygiene of rural dwellings in the Tatar ASSR

A comparative assessment of the sanitary condition of the dwellings of the Tatar rural population was carried out according to the data of 1904, 1928 and 1972-1976. The changes that have taken place in individual elements of the villager's dwelling speak for themselves. Thatched-roof huts are a thing of the past.

Ethnosocial aspects of population distribution in cities of Tataria (on the examples of Kazan and Al'met'evsk).

Among research topics in the study of social and ethnic processes occurring in our country and abroad, questions concerning urban populations have become increasingly prominent in recent years. (1) This is related to the fact that today no less than one-third of humanity lives in towns and cities, and the population of the USSR is nearly two-thirds urban. The ethnic makeup of cities is more mixed than that of the surrounding rural communities. Large cities and capitals have always been powerful catalysts of social and ethnic processes, and under the conditions of socialism they also become active centers of convergence of social classes and nationalities and thus centers for the consolidation of nations. (2) All these processes must be studied not in isolation but jointly. This was an underlying premise in the empirical surveys in towns and cities of the Tatar ASSR directed by O. I. Shkaratan in 1967-68 and in 1974. (3) Below we will examine some of the results obtained in the course of processing data collected in the 1974 study.

A Contribution to the Study of the Ethnopsychology of Urban Populations (From Data of a Survey of the Population of Three Cities in the Tatar ASSR)

Unlike rural communities, which are primarily monoethnic, cities have throughout history been arenas of active interethnic contacts. The sociopsychological uniqueness of the urban form of life and urban intercourse favor the formation of different behavioral standards and also the mutual enrichment of national cultures in contact. The mass industrial production of the objects of the material environment characteristic of modern urban culture leads to a narrowing of the sphere of the ethnically distinctive and to preferential localization of the ethnically distinctive in the spheres of nonmaterial culture and psycholinguistics. (1)

High-sulfur crude oils of the Tatar ASSR

High-sulfur crude oils of the Tatar ASSR

New departures in Soviet theory and practice of ethnicity

Two books will be reviewed here, because they, along with several others which have appeared in recent years, illustrate in differing ways the emergence of a new field of social science inquiry among Soviet scholars and may also prefigure certain significant changes in Soviet nationality policy, which has remained largely unchanged since Stalin's time.1 The new field of inquiry is that of ethnosociology ? that is to say, the study of the influence of ethnic factors on sociological variables, such as the structure of the family, social mobility, choice of profession, and others. I will not attempt in this article to assess either book comprehensively or to comment on all of their significant aspects. Rather I will deal in detail with what I consider to be the most significant issues touched and with the reasons why Western scholars concerned either with ethno? sociology or Marxist theory or both should find them important. The later chapters of Bromlei's book, in particular, contain material which is of some interest from the point of view of technical ethnography (in the Soviet sense of the term) and I hope to comment on these matters elsewhere. The book edited by Arutiunian and his associates represents the summation of the first phase of an extensive sociological study, which has been in progress for a number of years, of the population of the autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tatar ASSR). Ex? tensive as it is, it is merely one aspect of a broad-gauge investigation of the Soviet rural population which took in, besides the Tatar ASSR, samples from Krasnoiarsk Krai in Eastern Siberia and Kalinin Oblast in the north central portion of European Russia. While this study is not the first in the Soviet Union to use fairly elaborate statistical and computer meth? odology (that honor belongs to the study of Leningrad workers supervised by A.G. Zdravomyslov and his associates),2 it is dis? tinguished from earlier studies by the novel and somewhat sensitive nature of its subject matter, particularly in that portion covered by the volume under review here. Ethnosocio logical research is not common, as far as I know, in the West, and although there has been some discussion of ethnosociological issues in the Soviet ethnographic literature, the methodology used to study them has until recently been traditional and nonquantitative. The volume is divided into an introduction, five lengthy chapters, a brief conclusion, and a methodological and tabular appendix. The chapters deal with the sociological and ethnic structure of the population of the Tatar ASSR and the changes in it (vertical and horizontal mobility, the occupational structure of the urban and rural populations, and so forth), the cultural characteristics of the population ("culture" used here in the sense usual in the Soviet literature to include chiefly the con? sumption of art and ideology and the response to them), family life and daily life-styles, linguistic behavior, and psychological aspects of ethnic relations. The sample studied by Arutiunian and his ^Stephen Dunn is an anthropologist and Co-Director of the Highgate Social Science Research Station, Berkeley, California.

Sociocultural Features of the Personality and Ethnic Attitudes (From Data of a Study in the Tatar ASSR)

The building of communism requires, in practice, further improvement of administration and planning. In a state as multinational as the USSR, successful solution of these problems is impossible without consideration of regional and ethnic features. The resolution of the Twenty-Fourth Congress of the CPSU says: "We must continue to pursue undeviatingly the Leninist course of strengthening the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the basis of the common interests of the Soviet state, while also taking into consideration the conditions of development of each of the republics of which it is constituted and consistently seeking the most rapid possible flowering of all the socialist nations and their gradual convergence." (1)

Socioethnic Aspects of the Intellectual Culture of the Rural Population of the Tatar ASSR

One of the most important social processes taking place in our country is the convergence of the cultures of its numerous peoples. This is occurring by means of a process through which the cultural levels of the peoples are becoming increasingly equal and international. New, urbanized forms of culture are being disseminated among broad strata of the population, and this also furthers the establishment of an overall common culture of the peoples of the USSR. The spheres of traditional culture, which have a more vividly ethnic coloration, are steadily narrowing. The ideological content of the culture of the peoples of our country is becoming increasingly more unified.