Tata Consultancy Services Research Articles

TCS Share Buyback

This case discusses the share buyback announcement by Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) during February 2017 when its Chairman N Chandrasekaran was appointed as the Chairman of Tata Sons after Tata Sons had ousted its former Chairman, Cyrus Mistry. The case highlights the reasons why companies may opt for share buyback, what is the role of the tax laws of the country towards these decisions and whether such decisions are beneficial for the company, the investors or the promoters. The case considers impact of aspects such as employee training and investments in innovation on the buyback decisions and also brings an international perspective with regard to how buybacks have fared in the US during the past decade.

How Neuroscience Transformed Business: The TCS Story

Recent breakthrough advances in neuroscience have helped us understand the changes that the brain undergoes when it is in the process of learning. In this ever-changing environment, it is important for the human resource (HR) fraternity to adapt and stimulate organisational changes using the new knowledge that advances in neuroscience have brought us. It would be observed that in any organisation there are some persons who are better at engaging, impacting, influencing and networking besides meeting all productivity and other related targets. If these positive behaviours could get replicated across more people in the organisation, it would mean that the organisation would have a workforce which can help build ‘organisational character’ and social change by identifying solutions already existing in the system, thereby increasing organisational effectiveness. This case describes how Tata Consultancy Services, facilitated by HR, was able to do this by using neuroscience.

Management of Foreign Exchange Exposure in Tata Consultancy Services Limited

Management of Foreign Exchange Exposure in Tata Consultancy Services Limited

Corporate Reporting Practices and Corporate Governance: A Case Study of Tata Consultancy Services Limited

Corporate Reporting Practices and Corporate Governance: A Case Study of Tata Consultancy Services Limited

An Analysis of the Skill Shortage Problems in Indian IT Companies

Skill shortage is a crucial social issue which needs to be analyzed thoroughly in any organization. In this paper, the problems related to the skill shortage are analyzed and possible solutions are provided to deal with the problem of skill shortages effectively. This paper will facilitate in helping the organization to find the right talent for the organization thus removing or decreasing the problem of skill shortages. The paper begins with the importance of skills shortage from a theoretical point of view. The problems associated are highlighted and analyzed. The factors which are an integral part of skill shortages are elaborated. Also, an in-depth analysis is carried out by considering the organizations, Tata Consultancy Services and Infosys as a case study. In the final section, various solutions and approaches are laid down to tackle the problems incorporated with skill shortages.

Item-wise ANOVA analysis of human resource development climate in Indian information technology organizations

Human resource development climate is an integral part of organizational climate. The present paper examines ANOVA analysis of human resource development climate of different information technology organizations in India. The study is based on survey of in 13 selected information technology organisations such as Tata Consultancy Services, Wipro Technologies, Infosys Technologies Ltd., Hindustan Computer Ltd. (HCL), Dell International, Birlasoft, Pyramid Consulting Inc., Quark Inc., Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL Ltd.), Alcatel-Lucent Technologies, Attra, Kanbay International and Omnia Technologies from Delhi, Bangalore, Pune, Chandigarh and Mohali respectively. The results from ANOVA analysis proves that human resource development climate in information technology sector varies from organization to organization.  &nbsp

An analytical study on employee's engagement and its relationship with job outcomes: A case of tata consultancy services (TCS)

Employee engagement works an engine which drives the employee to achieve productivity at optimized level. Employee engagement has gained its vital importance from last 15 years or so as many business severe face the tough competition and economic meltdown; stress on basis of mentally and physically is an important aspect of human resource so to gain the next level edge on competition and level of productivity; this must be properly taken into consideration. It is emerging as a new hot topic for young research fellows to find out the ways for better and efficient human resource management and on the same time to analyse the reviewed literature and add something substantial in this regard. For the current study, 159 IT professionals from Tata Consultancy Services (TCS, Gurgaon) were analysed with an objective to analyse the various employee engagement factors and their influence on the job outcomes (Satisfaction with Job, Commitment, Quitting intentions) and on employee engagement (Organization and job) as well. For the data analysis, the descriptive test with multiple regression analysis is undertaken in the study. The results of the study states that rewards and recognition, career advancement, co- workers relationships majorly affect and influence the level of job outcomes.

Strategy for Deep Sea Communication for Safe Fisheries � mKRISHI� Fisheries, a Case Study

Fishing is one of the most dangerous professions in the world. India with one million active fishermen population still lacks a reliable boat-to-shore communication network. Fishermen with smaller boat are more vulnerable to the wilder nature of the ocean, due to dynamic sea current, wind speed, direction and wave heights, etc. They form 80% of the entire fishing community. There being no physical boundary, the risk of fishermen accidently getting in other country’s terrestrial water, is very high. Hence, the fishermen and their families are always concerned about the safety of the human lives, boat and gears. Due to deep sea communication network we can continuously get oceanic condition information. Such real-time information about wind speed, direction and wave height can help to estimate the risks and avoid the ocean region which seems dangerous. As part of this initiative, we looked at various available communication technologies like VHF transceivers, satellite communication and cellular mobile communication. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tata Consultancy Service and Tata Tele Services formed a consortium and piloted a project to extend the mobile signal deep into the sea up to 30 kms. This extended network enabled continuous accessibility of life saving ocean state forecast information provided by INCOIS. Due to this an accessible Early Warning System (EWS) spread over a digital highway of 30 by 120 km, along Raigad coast. This paper captures the experiences and recommendations derived from this pilot.

Users’ awareness of sugamya pustakalaya: An online library for the visually challenged in India

The paper discusses the results obtained through a survey conducted in Mumbai, Maharashtra about the awareness of Sugamya Pustakalaya: An Online Library for the Visually Challenged in India. The Sugamya Pustakalaya is an ambitious project of the Govt. of India launched in association with Daisy Forum of India and Tata Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. It is the first online library dedicated exclusively for the people with print disabilities in India. It has a collection of hundreds and thousands of accessible books on a range of subject categories. The library has partnered with international agencies to provide accessible e-books for the people with print disabilities. Considering the importance of the said project, the authors of this article thought of understanding the perceptions of the people with visual impairment about this ambitious project. The opinions expressed by the users about the different aspects related to the Sugamya Pustakalaya are discussed in the paper.

Innovation a Key Towards Employee Engagement

Every company wants to succeed in capturing the market and maximizing the profit. With the changes in technology and increase in globalization the world has become a village which leads to high competition and complexity in performance of work. If an organization has to sustain in business they need to change according to times and become proactive. To meet the pace of change in the society the organization should create a atmosphere of innovation in the organization. Innovation comes when there is freedom of thought, and constant encouragement from the top management. As companies are not only competing with domestic companies but with companies all over the world, this is when innovation is need in a company. How can a company be different from others? Innovation can only be achieved when there are talented human resource and good H R practices in the company. The HR practices of the company should foster better thinking and involvement every individual in the organization. Innovation in companies is through talented minds in the company. Company has to acquire, develop and retain these people. When individuals get opportunities to innovate they tend to be engaged in the organization. Employee engagement is a key driving factor to the success of any organization. This paper is a case study of the Tata consultancy services TCS. Secondary data is used to identify how TCS manages to retain and engage the best talented workforce. The HRM practices of TCS are understood in depth and a linkage between HR practices and innovative talented and employee engagement is drawn.

In Conversation with S. Ramadorai, Chairman, National Skill Development Agency & National Skill Development Corporation; Former CEO, MD & Vice Chairman, Tata Consultancy Services

In Conversation with S. Ramadorai, Chairman, National Skill Development Agency & National Skill Development Corporation; Former CEO, MD & Vice Chairman, Tata Consultancy Services

4th National Cyber Security Workshop, 11-12 Nov 2016, Mumbai

The 4th National Cyber Security Workshop organised by IEEE India Council was held in Mumbai at the sprawling Yantra Park, Thane Campus of Tata Consultancy Services on 11 & 12 November, 2016. This event follows two successful editions of the workshop in Ahmedabad (2013) and Bangalore (2014 & 2015).

Taxation of Software Transactions in India

The present millennia has witnessed a tremendous growth in the Information Technology field in India and the software transactions, both domestic and foreign, have grown manifold during this period. The International and domestic software companies have found India as a market with an immense potential for their off-shelf as well as customised products. As the underlying intellectual property rights in the software is subject to the copyright laws, the transfer of proprietary rights involved in a purchase of software totally differs from the sale of traditional goods and services. Even though the medium of storage of software, like a CD Rom or a memory card, is tangible the inherent intangible nature of the software for which the purchaser is paying brings in an element of ambiguity, making it difficult to draw a definite boundary to define the transaction either as a sale of good or extension of service. Under the present indirect tax laws these software transfers are subject to sales tax/VAT, service tax or both, many a time resulting in double taxation of such transfers. The net effect of this is an increase in the effective price of the software which is ultimately borne by the purchaser. Even though Hon’ble Supreme Court had in Tata Consultancy Services v. State of Andhra Pradesh brought in some clarification to the prevailing ambiguities, the question as to whether the sale of a software is to be classified as a sale of good or a service is yet to be answered concretely which is evidenced by the subsequent clarification given under the Education guide released by CBEC and the subsequent writ applications filed before various High Courts in this regard.This paper attempts to understand the nature of software transactions and how the same stands different from the traditional sale of goods. An attempt is made herein to understand whether the software transaction can be fit into watertight compartments of Sale of Goods or service, in the light of the Judgement given by various legal forums.

An Investigation on Relationship of Deviance Workplace Behavior with Organisational Justice, Abusive Supervision and Work-Family Conflict

Objectives: This article examines the integration of work–family conflict, stress and organisational justice with deviant behavior literature that enhances the intellection of individual’s role and their engagement in workplace deviance. Statistical Analysis: This study proceeds in the following manner. 1. It starts with a literature review in Deviance workplace behaviour with organisational justice, abusive supervision, and Work-Family conflict. 2. Then followed by the development of a new model on basis of Reactance theory and COR (Conservation of Resources) Theory that establishes informationdriven measurable alliance between the Genesis and Emanations of the Work-Family Conflict with Deviance Behaviour. 3. Assessment of their likelihood by using business intelligence tools ‘Fit Statistics’ using Structure Modelling. 4. Lastly demonstrating results tested with longitudinal information. Novelty: A sample of 500 operational staff in Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) working from 15 different ISUs in India, Canada, China, UK and United States., the results show that: 1. The four dimensions of organizational justice can be dissentingly associated with perceptions of stress. 2. The four dimensions of organizational justice can be dissentiousto perceptions of work-family conflict. 3. The negative relationships among the four dimensions of organizational justice and stress will be partially interceded by impression of work-family conflict. Improvement: The future examination could build up a model examining so as to anticipate family-work conflict justice as it is knowledgeable about the home. For instance, Grote and Clark inspected the decency of the division of family work. Others could investigate a more extensive assortment of justice measurements to think about the stress ramifications of hierarchical versus home-based justice. Further research is additionally expected to proliferation.

Genesis and Emanations of Deviant Workplace Behaviour: A Case e Study in IT Industry

Objective: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the genesis and emanations of Deviant workplace behaviour in IT enterprise. And in addition it emphasises on the various parameters of how to transform the negative deviant behaviour into positive deviant behaviour. Statistical Analysis: The study at proceeds in following manner. It starts off evolved with a literature evaluation of Deviant workplace behaviour in IT enterprise and its elements this is based on organising a statistics-established statistical courting between the genesis and emanations of the Deviant workplace behaviour. Then followed by way of the assessment of the probability the use of the Predictive business intelligence equipment like ‘endconsumer query, reporting, and evaluation’. lastly, implementation of predictive packaged analytic strategies that included predictive technologies, inclusive of a ‘Fraud detection application’, ‘Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)’ and ‘K-Nearest neighbour’ that studies the same unit in a distinct sample will show off the particular performance. Findings: From this study, using a sample of 250 operational staff in Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) in India and US, the results show that: a) Motive to Quit, organization Disdain and Dissatisfaction have constructive outcome on Deviant workplace behaviour b) Motive to Quit have beneficial outcome on Dissatisfaction and c) Deviant workplace behaviour has poor impact on Individual’s overall Performance. Novelty: This study at can further increases to different service primarily based industries that outlines the strength of interpersonal affectivity that moderates the connection between organisational reactions and deviant behaviours. It also can be prolonged to define how business enterprise is acting relative to their peers and pinpoints development opportunities—and, these days, areas wherein sturdy body of workers analytics can contribute sport-changing insights.

Use of Structural Equation Modeling to Empirically Study the Impact of Organizational Climate on Employees’ Work Related Attitude in Information Technology Organizations in Chennai City

Background/Objectives: Information Technology (IT) industry is a fast growing industry, in that the developing countries trying to cope with changes made in developed countries. It is very important to study the organizational climate of such type of industry and the various kinds of variables that has a strong influence on establishing a dynamic organizational climate. The main objective of the study is to study the impact of organizational climate in Information Technology Industry in Chennai using Structural Equation Modeling technique. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The research followed descriptive research. This research was conducted among employees of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Infosys, Wipro, Hindustan Computers Ltd. (HCL), Tech Mahindra and L&T Infotech, those company offices located in Chennai. The 200 samples each from the above mentioned companies were chosen for the study. Snowball sampling techniques was used to select the sample from the population. The structured questionnaire was used to collect the primary data. Findings: Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the conceptual model. The conceptual model developed was found to be fit, so from the research, it is concluded that the congenial organizational climate cultivate the positive attitudinal outcomes for the employees and overall development for the organizations as well. Applications/Improvements: The model tested in this research is a maiden attempt to find out the impact of organizational climate on employees' work related attitude.

Strategic Innovations in Tata Consultancy Services

Strategic Innovations in Tata Consultancy Services

Special issue based on selected IEEE ANTS 2014 papers

The8th InternationalConference onAdvancedNetworks and Telecommunication Systems—IEEE ANTS 2014 (http:// www.ieee-comsoc-ants.org/2014/)—was held inNewDelhi, India, during December 14–17, 2014. Over the past few years, ANTS has been a premier forum onnetworking and telecommunication related topics in India. It is the only conference in India financially sponsored by IEEE Communications Society. A key feature of the IEEE ANTS is that it is aimed at promoting intense dialogue between academia and industry to bridge the gap between academic research, industry initiatives, and governmental policies. Besides the technical paper and poster presentations, this is fostered through panel discussions, keynotes, invited talks, and industry exhibits. IEEE ANTS 2014 was a four day event organized by the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), New Delhi, India. IEEEANTS2014was co-sponsored byC-DOT, Tata Consultancy Services, Infinera, Cisco, IP Junction, and Avaya. We received 135 long paper submissions and 17 short paper submissions from over 15 countries. Each paper was reviewed by at least 2 (and often 3 or 4 or even 5) members of the technical program committee, and we accepted 42 long papers and 6 short papers for oral presentation. The acceptance rate for long papers was about 31%. The high-

Effectiveness of Tridiagonal Path Dependent Option Valuation in Weak Derivative Market Environment

Accurate option price path is needed for risk management and for financial reporting as the accounting standards insist on mark to market value for derivative products. The binary models - Black Scholes model and Longstaff methods provide an insight on option pricing, but they are seldom validated with real data. Most of the research studies demonstrate the validity through algebra or by solving partial differential equations with strong market data. As these computations are tedious, and they are rarely applied in weak and incomplete markets. In this paper, we tested the actual values of options of Tata Consultancy Services whose shares and options are actively traded on the NSE, and applied the Crank Nicolson central difference method for estimating the path of the option pricing with five exercise prices, two out of money, at the money, and two in the money contracts of call and put options at three volatilities. The actual option values were compared with the forecasted option values and the errors were estimated. The plots of actual option values and the forecasted values produced by the central difference method converged excellently, producing minimum sums of squared error. Even in the weak and incomplete markets, the Crank Nicolson method worked well in producing the price path of options. This algorithm will be useful for hedging decisions and also for accurate forecasting and accounting reporting.

A Case for Science of Social Cybernetics

This paper presents a proposal for redefining cybernetics and evolves ‘Social Cybernetics’ as a separate field of scientific study. The inspiration for such an attempt at consolidation comes from nearly forty consultancy projects involving administrative, academic, industrial, government, banking and such systems over the last 20 years of association with Tata Consultancy Services, Bombay, India by the Authors. These were large and complex systems. The cybernetic approach through relational diagrams and hierarchical separations yielded many positive results. The paper builds case for a new approach and theory to the problem of cybernetics of complex adaptive systems like social and biological systems, particularly the former. The paper broadly reviews the field of cybernetics, as dealt by Norbert Weiner, Heinz Von Foerster, Felix Geyer etc., the first and second order cybernetics and goes on to present the, principles of cognition between the observer and observed, the evolving science of complexity for better understanding of the second order cybernetics. The paper presents four types of interaction according to Indian philosophical theory of cognition and relates to the first and second order cybernetics. The basic premise and postulates of cybernetics are being presented along with a new definition for “cybernetics” and a case illustration for social cybernetics.