Target Indication Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF THE CHANGE IN THE RHEOLOGICAL CURVE OF THE FLOW OF NON-NEWTONIAN OILS IN THE FIELDS OF WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN

In order to improve oil recovery technologies, the task of studying the rheological properties of oil, which largely determine the development indicators of the development target, namely, the rate of oil withdrawal, the stability and nature of the movement of the front of displacement of oil by water or gas, and, as a result, final oil recovery, is becoming urgent. In this regard, there is a need for in-depth studies of the rheoviscidity properties of produced oils.This article presents the results of laboratory studies to study the rheological characteristics of both high-paraffin and heavy high-viscosity oils using the example of oil from fields in Western Kazakhstan. Since structured oils are thixotropic systems, all experiments were carried out with the same degree of structure destruction in oil, both anhydrous oils and those with different water cuts were studied. The authors also showed the nature of the change in the rheological curve of the flow of oil emulsion of various water cuts to identify the temperature interval where non-Newtonian properties of various oils are manifested. Their main physical and chemical properties are also given, and kinematic viscosities of oil with different densities are compared. The results of laboratory studies of viscosity change with temperature increase for Karazhanbas oil emulsion with different water cut are considered. Despite differences in viscosity values of different degrees of watered samples of highly paraffinic oil, the tendency of oil viscosity change depending on the shear gradient is the same. The formation of structured systems of resin and asphaltene particles is observed in flows with relatively low shear gradients. As a result, oil viscosity dependence on the shear gradient in the range of low values from 0 to 20 s-1 must be taken into account when solving tasks for high-paraffin production. The results obtained are of practical interest, since when creating a compositional model and technological modeling of the collection and transport system, the rheological characteristics of the oil of a particular field, as well as the presence of thixotropic properties, must be taken into account.

Intelligent classification and performance prediction of multi-text assessment with recurrent neural networks-long short-term memory

<p>The assessment document at the time of study program accreditation shows performance achievements that will have an impact on the development of the study program in the future. The description in the assessment document contains unstructured data, making it difficult to identify target indicators. Apart from that, the number of Indonesian-based assessment documents is quite large, and there has been no research on these assessment documents. Therefore, this research aims to classify and predict target indicator categories into 4 categories: deficient, enough, good, and very. Learning testing of the Indonesian language assessment sentence classification model using recurrent neural networks-long short-term memory (RNN-LSTM) using 5 layers and 3 parameters produces performance with an accuracy value of 94.24% and a loss of 10%. In the evaluation with the Adamax optimizer, it had a high level of accuracy, namely 79%, followed by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) of 78%. For the Adam optimizer, Adadelta, and root mean squared propagation (RMSProp) have an accuracy rate of 77%.</p>

Extracellular matrix production and oxygen diffusion regulate chemotherapeutic response in osteosarcoma spheroids.

Osteosarcoma (OS) survival rates and outcome have not improved in 50 years since the advent of modern chemotherapeutics. Thus, there is a critical need for an improved understanding of the tumor microenvironment to identify better therapies. Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and hypoxia are known to abrogate the efficacy of various chemical and cell-based therapeutics. Here, we aim to mechanistically investigate the combinatorial effects of hypoxia and matrix deposition with the use of OS spheroids. We use two murine OS cell lines with differential metastatic potential to form spheroids. We form spheroids of two sizes, use ascorbate-2-phosphate supplementation to enhance ECM deposition, and study cell response under standard (21% O2) and physiologic (5% O2) oxygen tensions. Finally, we examine chemotherapeutic responses to doxorubicin treatment. ECM production and oxygen tension are key determinants of spheroid size through cell organization based on nutrient and oxygen distribution. Interestingly, highly metastatic OS is more susceptible to chemotherapeutics compared to less metastatic OS when matrix production increases. Together, these data suggest that dynamic interactions between ECM production and oxygen diffusion may result in distinct chemotherapeutic responses despite inherent tumor aggressiveness. This work establishes OS spheroids as a valuable tool for early OS tumor formation investigation and holds potential for novel therapeutic target and prognostic indicator discovery.

Role of LMO7 in cancer (Review).

Cancer constitutes a multifaceted ailment characterized by the dysregulation of numerous genes and pathways. Among these, LIM domain only 7 (LMO7) has emerged as a significant player in various cancer types, garnering substantial attention for its involvement in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This review endeavors to furnish a comprehensive discourse on the functional intricacies and mechanisms of LMO7 in cancer, with a particular emphasis on its potential as both a therapeutic target and prognostic indicator. It delves into the molecular attributes of LMO7, its implications in cancer etiology and the underlying mechanisms propelling its oncogenic properties. Furthermore, it underscores the extant challenges and forthcoming prospects in targeting LMO7 for combating cancer.

Взаимодействие стейкхолдеров при формировании и управлении децентрализованными фондами капитального ремонта жилищно-коммунального хозяйства

Introduction. The purpose of this study is a systematic analysis of the stakeholder relations on the issue of the formation and management of decentralized capital repair funds. The high social significance of capital repairs of residential real estate, coupled with a high degree of wear and tear, determines the need for coordinated and effective stakeholder interaction, the involvement of public authorities in co-financing expenses and the development of effective mechanisms for the rational allocation of funds from decentralized capital repair funds formed in special accounts in banking organizations and protecting them from inflationary processes.Materials and methods. The authors explore institutional factors in the implementation of major renovations of apartment buildings, identify the key stakeholders of these processes, their interests and risks, and reveal the presence of an agency problem. Based on statistical data and regulations, the authors conduct economic modeling of the formation of a decentralized capital repair fund using the example of an existing homeowners' association, and calculate target indicators for the efficiency of capital repair fund management.Results. The conducted research revealed inconsistency of the current management approaches and the impossibility of forming major overhaul funds in sufficient size to replace elevator equipment after the shelf life expiry without external financing. The authors conduct a study of the agency problem that arises when managing funds placed in special accounts for major overhaul, and identify the presence of informal institutional factors that prevent the formation of a "mature real estate owner".Discussion. Based on the results of the study, the authors proposed regulatory measures that could positively affect the effectiveness of relations on the issue of formation and management of decentralized capital repair funds. In addition to regulatory measures, the authors consider it necessary to involve municipal deputies in awareness-raising activities aimed at creating a “mature property owner.” The scientific novelty of this study consists in the development of management and regulation methods for the formation of decentralized capital repair funds on the basis of the synthesis of stakeholder and institutional approaches.

Cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin as part of various treatment regimens for prevention of cardiovascular death and achieving the target indicator "Reduction of cardiovascular mortality" of the State Program "HealthCare Development" in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Aim. To evaluate the dapagliflozin as part of various treatment regimens in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) ≤40% receiving medications within federal preferential drug program to achieve the "Reduction of cardiovascular mortality" of the State Program "HealthCare Development". To estimate the costs of reducing the cardiovascular mortality rate by 1 death per 100 thousand of population and achieving 1 percentage point of the target indicator "Reduction of cardiovascular mortality".Material and methods. The target patient population was Russian patients aged over 18 years diagnosed with NYHA class II-IV HFrEF (≤40%), included in the federal preferential drug program. We used model developed based on the DAPA-HF study results. We assessed the costs of drugs, the number of lives saved, the impact of therapy on achievement of the target indicator "Reduction of cardiovascular mortality" and other indicators in the Russian Federation (RF) as a whole and in each subject of the Russian Federation while using dapagliflozin as part of various treatment regimens for HFrEF including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), beta blockers, diuretics, mineralocorticoid antagonists, cardiac glycosides.Results. In 2024, the treatment cost of 181351 patients with HFrEF included in the federal preferential drug program with dapagliflozin in combination with standard therapy (ST) will be RUB9265,4 million; in combination with ST without ARNi (ST including ACEi/ARB) — RUB8161,7 million; in combination with ST including ARNi — RUB17837,3 million. The additional number of lives saved when using dapagliflozin in combination with standard therapy was 2394, in combination with standard therapy without ARNi — 2340, in combination with standard therapy, including ARNi — 2913. Costs of therapy per patient per year when using dapagliflozin in combination with standard therapy amounted to RUB51090,90; in combination with standard therapy without ARNI — RUB45004,72; in combination with standard therapy, including ARNI — RUB98358,00. In 2024, the percentage (%) of achievement of the federal target for dapagliflozin in combination with ST is 11,22%, while in combination with standard therapy without ARNi (ST including ACEi/ARB) — 10,96%, in combination with ST including ARNi — 13,65%. Achievement of a 1% target reduction in cardiovascular mortality in 2024 reqiored RUB828,1 million for dapagliflozin in combination with ST, while in combination with ST without ARNI (ST including ACEi/ARB) — RUB748,2 million, in combination with ST including ARNi — RUB1293,3 million.Conclusion. Among the 3 options considered for adding dapagliflozin to ST (ARNi or ACEi/ARB, including ACEi/ARB, including ARNi), ST without ARNI (ST including ACEi/ARB) has the lowest cost required to achieve a 1% target reduction in cardiovascular mortality. At the same time, the standard therapy with ARNI has the highest cost required to achieve a 1% target reduction in cardiovascular mortality, which indicates its least cost-effectiveness.

Expanding the repertoire of Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) targets with improved tumor selectivity and range of potent payloads through in-silico analysis.

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising class of targeted cancer therapeutics. Further refinements are essential to unlock their full potential, which is currently limited by a lack of validated targets and payloads. Essential aspects of developing effective ADCs involve the identification of surface antigens, ideally distinguishing target tumor cells from healthy types, uniformly expressed, accompanied by a high potency payload capable of selective targeting. In this study, we integrated transcriptomics, proteomics, immunohistochemistry and cell surface membrane datasets from Human Protein Atlas, Xenabrowser and Gene Expression Omnibus utilizing Lantern Pharma's proprietary AI platform Response Algorithm for Drug positioning and Rescue (RADR®). We used this in combination with evidence based filtering to identify ADC targets with improved tumor selectivity. Our analysis identified a set of 82 targets and a total of 290 target indication combinations for effective tumor targeting. We evaluated the impact of tumor mutations on target expression levels by querying 416 genes in the TCGA mutation database against 22 tumor subtypes. Additionally, we assembled a catalog of compounds to identify potential payloads using the NCI-Developmental Therapeutics Program. Our payload mining strategy classified 729 compounds into three subclasses based on GI50 values spanning from pM to 10 nM range, in combination with sensitivity patterns across 9 different cancer indications. Our results identified a diverse range of both targets and payloads, that can serve to facilitate multiple choices for precise ADC targeting. We propose an initial approach to identify suitable target-indication-payload combinations, serving as a valuable starting point for development of future ADC candidates.

Stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) gene expression in adenomyosis: An observational case-control study

Background. Endometriosis is distinguished by its high prevalence and significant impact on the quality of life and reproductive health of women; however, its etiology and essential pathogenesis of remain uncertain so far. Modern research is increasingly focusing on immune, hormonal and genetic factors that share a common structure and participate in common metabolism — so-called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), which participates in tissue and cellular metabolism through transcription splicing and folding of RNA. The role of this protein, known as heat shock protein (HSP)-organizing protein, is being actively studied in cancer and hyperproliferative diseases. The role of the STIP1 gene and its product in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis appears to be studied insufficiently, thereby determining the relevance of the present study.Objectives. To evaluate the expression of stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 in eutopic endometrium and myometrium in women with isolated adenomyosis, as well as in combination with other benign hyperproliferative diseases of the reproductive system.Methods. Clinical study site: Clinical and Diagnostic Department of Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology. Design: an observational case-control study of patients with verified diagnoses of diffuse adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, and external genital endometriosis (main group — n = 55). The study group (n = 43) was divided into three subgroups: patients with isolated diffuse adenomyosis (AM, n = 16), adenomyosis in combination with uterine fibroids (AM + UF, n = 16), adenomyosis in combination with external genital endometriosis (AM + EGE, n = 11)), a comparison group — patients with uterine fibroids (n = 12) and a control group (n = 17) — women of reproductive age without gynecological diseases. The study was conducted from November 1, 2022 to September 30, 2023. The target indicator of the study was the level of relative mRNA (mRNA) expression of STIP1 gene (in RQ (Relative Quantity) units) in the uterus — adenomyosis glands, surrounding myometrium and endometrium. Histological evaluation of the endometrium served as an additional indicator. Statistical analysis of the results obtained, namely the relative level of mRNA expression, was carried out by the ΔΔСt method using the Expression Suit V1.0.3 program. (https://www.thermofisher.com/ru/ru/home/technical-resources/software-downloads/expressionsuite-software.html). The data analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prizm program (Insight Partners, USA). Differences between groups were evaluated by means of single factor ANOVA analysis (followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons (Tukey test) of the values in each group. The differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. A high level of STIP1 gene expression was reported in myometrium of patients with isolated adenomyosis (more than 3-fold increase in relation to the comparison group — patients with uterine fibroids). In addition, myometrium of women with adenomyosis combined with uterine fibroids demonstrated a higher expression of STIP1 gene, compared to patients with isolated uterine fibroids (p < 0.01). The evaluation of the expression of mRNA of the STIP1 gene in the eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis and women in the control group revealed no significant differences; however, STIP1 in the endometrium of women with adenomyosis was significantly lower than in the endometrium of both patients with uterine fibroids and women with adenomyosis combined with external genital endometriosis.Conclusion. Increased mRNA expression of STIP1 gene in myometrium in adenomyosis confirms its role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The role of the expression of the STIP1 gene and the corresponding protein is to be further clarified in order to assess its specificity and sensitivity as a diagnostic marker and to identify new approaches to the treatment of adenomyosis.

HTF4 modulates the transcription of GID2 to promote the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer

BackgroundHelix-loop-helix transcription factor 4 (HTF4) as an anti-cancer target has been reported in many human cancers, but limited data exists regarding the effect of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. MethodsThe expression levels of HTF4 in clinical pancreatic cancer samples were measured. HTF4 was knocked down or overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells and was subsequently tested for bio-function using in vitro assays and in vivo. The regulation of HTF4 on GID2 was assessed via bioinformatic tools and dual-luciferase reporter assay. ResultsWe found that HTF4 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and correlated with poor patient prognosis. In addition, knocking down HTF4 expression inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas HTF4 overexpression exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, HTF4 promoted tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Further, HTF4 bound to the GID2 promoter region and promoted transcriptional activation of GID2 in pancreatic cancer cells. GID2 knockdown suppressed HTF4-induced malignant behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the HTF4/GID2 axis accelerates the progression of pancreatic cancer, providing a potential therapeutic target and prognostic indicator for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.

Application of Digital Twin Technology in Synthetic Aperture Radar Ground Moving Target Intelligent Detection System

In recent years, the detection performance of SAR-GMTI (synthetic aperture radar-ground moving target indication) algorithm based on deep learning has always been limited by insufficient measured data due to the heavy operation complexity and high cost of real SAR systems. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an overall DT-based implementation framework for SAR ground moving target intelligent detection tasks. In particular, by virtue of a SAR imaging algorithm, a high-fidelity twin replica of SAR moving targets is established in digital space through parameter traversal based on the prior target characteristics of the obtained measured datasets. Then, the constructed SAR twin datasets is fed into the neural network model to train an intelligent detector by fully learning features of the moving targets and preset the SAR scene in the twin space, which can realize the robust detection of ground moving targets in related practical scenarios with no need for multiple and complex field experiments. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified on the MiniSAR measured system, and a comparison with traditional CFAR detection method is given simultaneously.

Вопросы эффективности реализации Государственной программы комплексного развития сельских территорий

The article, based on materials from the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, analyzes trends in changes in the values of target indicators of the “State Program for the Comprehensive Development of Rural Territories of the Russian Federation” (GP KRST), shows shortcomings from the point of view of completeness of accounting in the indicators of certain important indicators of the effectiveness of rural development. Taking into account the legislative decisions of 2023 in intraregional territorial management, which consist in the formation of municipal districts, a territorial analysis of the emerging differentiation of levels and dynamics of the values of indicators (published by state statistics bodies) of the socio-economic development of the region was carried out, formulated proposals for measures aimed at eliminating imbalances and increasing the efficiency of implementation of the State Property Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Evaluation of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases at the outpatient healthcare level in the Commonwealth of Independent States countries

Aim. To conduct a survey among doctors in 4 countries of the Com­mon­wealth of Independent States (CIS) to assess the effectiveness of se­condary prevention of noncommunicable diseases in outpatient health­care.Material and methods. Outpatient healthcare physicians from 6 cities in 4 neighboring countries participated in the cross-sectional study. A total of 210 physicians of the internal medicine profile took part in the survey: Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) — 42 physicians, Minsk (Belarus) — 37 physicians, Astana, Shymkent, Aktobe (Kazakhstan) — 55, 30, 10 physicians, respectively, Baku (Azerbaijan) — 36 physicians. The survey was carried out using an original questionnaire of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, which consisted of 11 blocks of questions. Answers in several gradations were offered for each question.Results. In 3 countries, among men who sought primary care in health care institutions, patients in the age range of 50-59 years prevailed, while in Azerbaijan, men aged 60-65 years dominated. In the CIS countries, patients most often seek medical attention at a outpatient clinic due to chronic coronary artery disease. In Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Belarus, the number of patients with type 2 diabetes with or without complications is >20%. Doctors in large cities of the CIS countries do not recommend non-drug treatment methods in up to 10% of cases. Subsidized pharmaceutical provision varies slightly between the analyzed cities. In Kazakhstan and Belarus, 70% of doctors note reaching 75% of the target indicators. In Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan, a similar level is achieved 2-3 times less often. In Kazakhstan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan, a relatively high frequency is noted (satisfaction in 75% of cases), while Azerbaijani doctors claim that 52% are dissatisfied and 44% are partially satisfied with the interaction with specialized hospital-based doctors. In Azerbaijan and Belarus, 75% staffing of outpatient doctors in medical and preventive institutions prevails. In Kyrgyzstan, 100% staffing is detected in 84% of cases. At the same time, in Kazakhstan, 50% and 75% staffing has a comparable frequency. In these countries, a similar picture is observed in terms of provision of mid-level outpatient health workers.Conclusion. Among patients with noncommunicable diseases ob­served in outpatient clinics, patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes predominate. Adherence to therapy in every second case is at an insufficient level. Coverage of subsidized drugs and achievement of target levels of the main risk factors among patients is on average 60% of cases. In 3 of the 4 analyzed CIS countries, there are problems with staffing with doctors and medical staff.

The influence of the workplace environment on the behavior of health workers who breastfeed in Kupang Regency

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia in 2022 was recorded at only 72.04%, while in East Nusa Tenggara Province it was 78.56%. In Kupang Regency in 2022, the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding will be 77.2%, which is still less than the national target indicator. Breastfeeding mothers who return to work are less likely to provide exclusive breastfeeding. How challenges can occur in efforts to provide exclusive breastfeeding, namely the environment and from the mother herself. This study aims to determine the influence of the workplace environment on the behavior of breastfeeding mothers who work as health workers. This research is quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. The sample from this research consisted of 84 respondents. In selecting samples using inclusion criteria, namely mothers who work as health workers who have babies aged 6 - 24 months in the Kupang Regency area. The research instrument used a questionnaire from January to March 2024. Data analysis used the chi square test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the majority of workplace environments were categorized as Fair (53.6%). According to breastfeeding behavior, the majority of breastfeeding mothers chose to partially breastfeed (61.9%). According to the results of bivariate analysis, with a p value of 0.021. An unsupportive work atmosphere can influence the behavior of mothers who breastfeed exclusively. As a result, health institutions must help mothers more by providing appropriate social and physical facilities. In addition, written policies that regulate the rights of breastfeeding mothers must have clear technical instructions. All parties must be committed to creating a friendly environment for breastfeeding mothers. There is an influence of the work environment on breastfeeding behavior for health workers who breastfeed.

Development and validation of a predictive model based on β-Klotho for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Head and neck epithelial tissue tumors may be identified as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Numerous malignancies are encouraged by dysregulation of the FGF19-β-Klotho (KLB) axis in the tumor microenvironment. Using protein databases and RT-qPCR, we examined KLB expression in HNSC. In HNSC, higher KLB expression was linked to longer survival times and better prognoses. Furthermore, variations in drug susceptibility and immunological infiltration were noted according to KLB expression levels. These results underscore the importance of KLB in the course and management of HNSC by indicating that it may function as a possible prognostic marker and influence immunological and therapeutic responses in these individuals. Further study on HNSC is necessary to investigate KLB's potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic indicator.

Promoting walking as a self-care strategy in women with fibromyalgia: a cross‑sectional study using accelerometers.

Walking is a beneficial healthy lifestyle for fibromyalgia patients as it reduces the intensity of pain and fatigue experienced and improves quality of life. In this context, self-efficacy and commitment are potential predictors of walking for women with fibromyalgia. Present study aims at examining the moderation role of exercise commitment in the association between self-efficacy for walking and walking behavior in this population. It is a cross‑sectional study. A total of 132 women with fibromyalgia participated (mean age = 57.63, SD = 10.44) between January and December 2018. Self-efficacy about walking was assessed through Spanish version of self-efficacy scale for physical activity scale (SEPAS) and exercise commitment through ad-hoc questionnaire (two Likert-type items about the committed action of physical activity). Walking behavior was measured using accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Pain and fatigue prior to placement of the accelerometer were evaluated as possible covariates. Regarding medical history, time since onset of symptoms (i.e. pain, fatigue) and since diagnosis, and medication were also assessed as possible covariates. A moderation effect of exercise commitment was found in the relationship between self-efficacy on walking behavior (B = 10.48, p = .021, 95%, CI = 0.61 to 6.79). Post-hoc analyses showed a significant and positive relationship between self-efficacy and walking only with high commitment to physical activity (t = 10.08, p = .027, 95%, CI = 3.77 to 5.64). Self-efficacy for walking and commitment should be assessed and potentially targeted when focusing on increasing walking in women with fibromyalgia. Key Points • Associations between walking self-efficacy and exercise engagement provide indications of modifiable targets for promoting an active lifestyle in fibromyalgia. • When patients feel engaged in their physical exercise pattern (walking), patients feel more able to perform the behavior. • Rehabilitation interventions, focused on chronic pain, should contemplate the promotion of self-efficacy and engagement.

Оценка результативности мер госполитики в сфере реализации стратегического национального приоритета «Экономическая безопасность»

In the context of intensifying external challenges and threats to ensure economic security, it is extremely important to ensure the continuity of state policy measures across the entire vertical of strategic planning documents, to prevent semantic deformation of goal setting, and to prevent the presence of contradictions both in the substantive formulations and in the quantitative values of target indicators of documents. The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation, adopted on July 2, 2021 by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 400, justified the need to monitor the implementation of the nine strategic national priorities formulated in it, including the priority “Economic Security”. A comparative analysis of indicators for monitoring the state of economic security available in the list of official statistical surveillance was carried out. It is shown that in order to comply with the principle of balance in the strategic planning system, it is first necessary to update and ensure mutual compliance of the goals and objectives of the Economic Security Strategy (approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2017 No. 208) with the goals and objectives of the strategic national priority “Economic Security” from the National Security Strategy, taking into account the challenges and threats specified in this document, which should become the basis for the development and regulatory consolidation of a list of indicators for the implementation of the corresponding national priority.

On the need to revise measures of state support for small and medium–sized businesses

The proposed study is devoted to the study of the problems of the development of state support for small business in the light of the National Project «Small and medium5sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative» being implemented in the Russian Federation. The methods of induction and deduction, system analysis, and comparison were used as a methodological basis. The subject of the study is the subsystems of the mechanism of state support for small and medium–sized businesses, which most effectively influence the activation of such a significant sector of the economy in the period 2018–2024. The coronavirus pandemic has revolutionized the transformation of small companies, accelerated digitalization, changed business models, organizational structure and thinking of owners, and influenced the number and demographic characteristics of employees. The timely response of the Government and the measures of large–scale state support introduced have significantly offset the possible devastating consequences for the entire segment of small and medium–sized enterprises. The Government’s operational efforts have not been in vain and small businesses have mostly stayed afloat. As a result of the study, conclusions were drawn: there was no further timely «reversal» caused by the special operation; the existing «availability» of financing does not allow achieving the target indicators laid down in the National Project (32.5% of GDP in 2024).Consequently, there is a need to revise government support measures and the need for adjustments to the system and tools aimed at the qualitative transformation of SMEs.

Assessing the Alteration of Soil Quality under Long-Term Fertilization Management in Farmland Soil: Integrating a Minimum Data Set and Developing New Biological Indicators

The key role of soil quality improvement in achieving sustainable agricultural development based on highly intensive use of farmland is increasingly being recognized, as is the ponderance of suitable evaluation of the soil quality. The overarching goal of this study was to determine an accurate assessment framework by the comparison of the scoring function (linear and non-linear) and integration method (area and weighted additive), which integrally evaluates the soil quality of an eleven-year field fertilization experiment (including CK, no fertilizer; CF, conventional fertilization; SF, formulated fertilization; SFO, SF with organic fertilizer). Thirty-three properties, including eighteen physiochemical-related and fifteen biological-related properties, associated with soil functions were measured as potential soil quality indicators, and the soil multifunctionality (SMF) was applied to validate the soil quality indices (SQIs). Principal component analysis and relationship analysis were used with indicators sensitive to management to determine a minimum data set (MDS). The results showed that the electrical conductivity, large macroaggregate-associated total nitrogen, small macroaggregate-associated organic carbon, carbon fixation, and enzyme activities of phenol oxidase and cellulase were chosen as the MDS. All the SQIs were significantly correlated with the SMF (p < 0.05). The fertilization strategies affected most indicators in different ways, and the index developed using the non-linear function and weighted additive integration method (SQI-NL) had the best sensibility and discriminability. The SQI value with the SQI-NL-MDS method was higher following the fertilization treatments than that of no fertilizer (p < 0.05), and the treatment of the organic fertilizer had the highest SQI value (0.66). Soil quality evaluation in long-term fertilized farmland suggested that the soil quality constraints between treatments of synthetic and organic fertilizer are related to the soil functions of nutrient cycling and sustain biological activity due to their higher contribution rates to the SQI in the organic fertilizer treatment, which provides insights into ways to reduce the gap in soil quality. The framework method can provide an accurate quantitative tool for the evaluation of soil quality from the target indicators by bridging management objectives and field-level actions.

Weighted spiking neural P systems with target indications

Spiking neural p systems (SNP systems) are a distributed parallel computing device inspired by biology. A new variant—Weighted spiking neural P systems with target indications (WSNPTI systems) was proposed. By introducing the target indications into spiking neural P systems with weighted synapses, WSNPTI systems change the traditional spikes sending only to all synaptic connected neurons, but selectively sending the spikes to the specified neurons. WSNPTI systems simulate the workings of the human brain while using non-mechanical transmission methods to compute. This paper proves that the system is Turing universal as a number generation and an accepting device.

Economic Space as a Field for the Realization of National Goals of Russia

Adoption of Decree No. 309 of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2024 “On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future until 2036” demonstrates not only a new important stage in the development of the practice of strategic goal-setting for the country’s economy. Equally, we can stress noticeable expansion of the field of those socio-economic processes, which are reflected in the national goals of the development and the ways of their practical achievement. This fully complies with the actual requirements towards strategic planning system, which are based on the principles of consistency, completeness and consistency in achieving certain targets; balanced distribution of powers and responsibilities for achieving these objectives between all levels of public authority in the country. The article attempts to emphasize the attention on the special - spatial - aspect of strategic goal-setting for Russian economy, in particular, to determine the meaning and significance of the spatial approach for the practical implementation of national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future until 2036. This task is solved in a comparable manner with the provisions of earlier similar documents. These are the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024” (2018) and the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030” (2020). Everything said about the role of the spatial approach in the strategic goal-setting system also concerns the further improvement of program and project management methods and practical ways to achieve the planned target indicators.