Taraxacum Officinale Extract Research Articles

Histological and Immunohistochemical Examination in Testicular Tissue of Diabetic Rats Treated with Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes induced in testicular tissue by administration of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract and its effects on the release of enzymatic antioxidants SOD-2 by immunohistochemical methods in rats with experimental diabetes. Degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubule structure were observed in the testicular sections of the diabetes group. Separations between the basement membrane and the seminiferous epithelium, disruptions in the structure and localization of spermatogenic cells toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, thickening of the basement membrane and tunica albuginea, changes in the shape of Sertoli cells, and shrinkage of the nucleus of Leydig cells were observed. While no immunopositivity was observed in spermatogonium and primary spermatocytes in the diabetes group, weak SOD-2 immunoreactivity was observed in other cells of the spermatogenic series and moderate SOD-2 immunoreactivity was observed in the diabetes+dandelion group. In conclu-sion, it was found that histopathological changes occurred in the testicular tissue and SOD-2 immunoreactivity decreased in diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease. It was concluded that dandelion administration may have beneficial effects on decreased SOD-2 immunoreactivity.

Taraxacum officinale Extracts Alleviate Anhedonia and Depression by Inhibiting UPRmt and Mitophagy in the Hippocampi of T2DM Rats

<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> Extracts Alleviate Anhedonia and Depression by Inhibiting UPR^mt and Mitophagy in the Hippocampi of T2DM Rats

Investigation of the Antibacterial Effect of Taraxacum officinale Extracts Extracted in Different Solvents on Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 Standard Strain by Broth Microdilution Method

Bacteria causing hospital-associated infections continue to become resistant due to antibiotic resistance, which has become a global problem worldwide and accordingly, the antibiotic options used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by these bacteria are limited. In the light of the data obtained from experimental studies on plants, it is thought that plant extracts may be a promising option in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Taraxacum officinale extracts on Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 standard strain by broth microdilution method and to pioneer different studies that will investigate the antibacterial effects of plant extracts on resistant B.fragilis strains that cause hospital-acquired opportunistic infections after invasive interventions and trauma. In this study, the T.officinale plant collected as a result of field work was divided into root, leaf and flower parts and dried at 70 °C for 24 hours and then turned into powder. Dried plant samples were extracted in ethanol and methanol for 24 hours. The obtained extracts were stored at -80 °C to be used in the broth microdilution method. B.fragilis ATCC 25285 standard strain was used as the bacterial strain. As a result of the experiments performed with broth microdilution method, the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value of root, leaf and flower extracts with ethanol was determined as 200 μg/ mL, the methanolic root extract as 100 μg/mL and the methanolic leaf and flower extracts as 200 μg/mL. As a result, ethanol and methanol plant extracts were found to be effective on B.fragilis strain.

Botanical formulation HX110B ameliorates PPE-induced emphysema in mice via regulation of PPAR/RXR signaling pathway.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung disease, causes approximately 3 million deaths each year; however, its pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether HX110B, a mixture of Taraxacum officinale, Dioscorea batatas, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia extracts, could suppress porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema in mice and its mechanism of action. The therapeutic efficacy of HX110B was tested using a PPE-induced emphysema mouse model and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. In vivo data showed that the alveolar wall and air space expansion damaged by PPE were improved by HX110B administration. HX110B also effectively suppresses the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-2, and iNOS, while stimulating the expression of lung protective factors such as IL-10, CC16, SP-D, and sRAGE. Moreover, HX110B improved the impaired OXPHOS subunit gene expression. In vitro analysis revealed that HX110B exerted its effects by activating the PPAR-RXR signaling pathways. Overall, our data demonstrated that HX110B could be a promising therapeutic option for COPD treatment.

Effects of Anticoccidial Vaccination and Taraxacum officinale Extract on the Growth Performance, Biochemical Parameters, Immunity, and Intestinal Morphology of Eimeria-Challenged Chickens.

A total of 160 Ross 308 male chickens were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design to examine the effects of anticoccidial vaccination (ACV; lack or 1× dose recommended by the manufacturer) and dietary supplementation with Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) extract (DE; with or without) on growth performance, immunity, biochemical parameters, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp. At 20 days of age, all birds were challenged with a 25× dose of ACV, including Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, E. mitis, and E. tenella. No interaction between ACV and DE was observed in terms of growth performance. Vaccinated birds showed increased feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the 11-20 day period. Meanwhile, DE supplementation led to decreased FI and body weight gain (BWG) during the 1-10 day period. ACV effectively induced immunity against Eimeria, as evidenced by reduced oocyst shedding and less intestinal lesions, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, and improved BWG during both the post infection (PI) period (21-35 days) and the entire growth period. DE supplementation lowered FCR and increased BWG during the 35-42 day period, increased the concentration of butyric acid in the cecal digesta, and lowered oocyst shedding PI. In vaccinated birds, DE elevated levels of plasma total protein and immunoglobulin M, and influenced tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and claudin-3, indicating a more robust epithelial barrier. DE also lowered alanine aminotransferase activity in unvaccinated birds. Both ACV and DE independently improved intestinal morphology in the jejunum, decreasing crypt depth and increasing the villus height-to-crypt ratio. These findings suggest that both ACV and DE could be effective strategies for managing coccidiosis in broiler chickens.

Protective effect of dietary dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract on common carp under acute ammonia stress

This study examined the remedial effect of dandelion extract (DE) on acute ammonia stress in common carp. The experiment involved supplementing the common carp diet with five DE dozes, including 0 (control), 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% DE to the basic feed for 56 days. Then, all the fish were exposed to semile thal ammonia stress (1.65 mg/L) for 96 h, followed by detections the indexes of mortality, blood biochemistry, antioxidation, immunity, stress, and inflammation. The results showed that dietary DE increased the serum protein content and antioxidant enzyme activity of common carp ( P < 0.05). However, DE did not significantly affect the contents of stress hormone, HSP70 and HSP90 (p > 0.05). Exposure to ammonia significantly decreased the activities of immune and antioxidant enzymes in the control group. The serum protein content and immune enzyme activity of each DE group were significantly higher than the control group. After ammonia exposure, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ activities in DE groups were significantly lower then the Ctrl group，and IL-10 and antioxidant enzyme activities in 4% DE, 6% DE, and 8% DE groups was significantly higher compared to the Ctrl ( P < 0.05). Ammonia stress caused pathological damage to the liver tissue in control, 2% DE, 4% DE, and 8% DE groups, but the liver tissue of the 6% DE group showed normal tissue characteristics. Therefore, DE has a protective effect on common carp under acute ammonia exposure. Optimal doses of DE can improve the survival rate, antioxidant capacity, and nonspecific immunity, while can reduce the stress and inflammatory reaction of common carp caused by acute ammonia exposure. The second-order multiple regression analysis of TP, COR, LZM, T-AOC, mortality, and immune protection after ammonia stress showed 4.62–6.82% as the optimal level of dietary DE supplementation for carp under acute ammonia stress.

Mechanistic Role of Methanolic Extract of Taraxacum officinale Roots as Cardioprotective Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats.

Taraxacum officinale play an important role in the prophylaxis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Taraxacum officinale is proven as promising antioxidant in earlier studies and one of its constituent "cichoric acid" is shown to have vasorelaxant property. Therefore, present study mainly designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale against ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R injury)-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats. This study not only explored the overall cardioprotective potential but also tried to explore its molecular mechanism using pharmacological inhibition via L-NAME and glibenclamide. Pretreatment of methanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale significantly attenuated (p < 0.001) increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), infarct size, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), while it increased the reduced levels of protein content, glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activity. Results showed that pretreatment with methanolic extract of Taraxacum officinale provides cardioprotection against I/R induced myocardial dysfunction, at least, may be mediated through the endogenous release of nitric oxide.

Hydroalcoholic extract of Taraxacum officinale induces apoptosis and autophagy in 4T1 breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and deadly breast cancer sub-type with limited therapeutic options. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) exhibiting extensive anti-cancer activity is reported to be effective against TNBC; however, its anti-tumor effect mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-cancer activity of hydroalcoholic extract of dandelion (HADE) on 4T1 cells, and the mechanism of HADE-induced cell death. The effect of HADE on cell viability was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. Apoptotic cell death was monitored by flow cytometry. The DNA fragmentation was evaluated by Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Nitric oxide (NO) level was detected using Griess assay. The effects of HADE on Atg-7, Beclin-1, Bcl2, Bax and p53 genes were investigated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that HADE inhibited cell growth and proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The HADE induced 4T1 breast cancer cell death via apoptosis and autophagy. The DNA fragmentation was improved as the concentration of HADE increased. The NO secretion was declined with increasing concentration of HADE. Gene expression analysis confirmed HADE-induced apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. The Bax, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, p53, Beclin-1 and Atg-7 over-expression as well as Bcl-2 down-regulation were also evident in treated cancer cells.

Determination of the effects of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil and Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) release in liver tissue of diabetic rats

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil and Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) release in liver tissue of diabetic rats. Material and Method: Experimental groups were created as control, sham, chia, dandelion, diabetes (DM), diabetes+chia (DC), and diabetes +dandelion (DD). Body weight and blood glucose measurements were taken on the 1st, 3rd, and 17th days of the study and evaluated statistically. A one-way ANOVA test was performed to determine the differences between the groups. The Duncan test was used to compare significant differences between groups. At the end of the study, Masson's trichrome staining and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining were employed for histological examinations of liver tissues, and the distribution of TNF-α and IL-6 was examined by applying the Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method. Results: It was determined that body weight and blood glucose measurements were significantly decrease for the DC group compared to other groups. Immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-6 was found to decrease in DC and DD groups at close to the control levels. Conclusion: Based on our results, it was thought that the use of chia and dandelion in diabetes may contribute to the alleviation of disease-related complications by having a positive effect on proinflammatory cytokine levels.

Gastroprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extract indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model

Gastroprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extract indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model

Gastroprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extract indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model

Gastroprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extract indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model

Gastroprotective effects of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extract indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract (TO) obtain from the leaves of Taraxacum officinale, which is used in the treatment of many diseases including gastric ulcers in traditional medicine, in an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. Forty rats, which 10 animals in each group, were divided into four groups (Control (C), TO + Indomethacin (TO+IND), Indomethacin (IND) and Omeprazole + Indomethacin (O+IND) groups). Respectively the group C was given isotonic saline, the group TO+IND was given 100 mg/kg TO extract, group IND was given isotonic saline and the group O+IND was given 5 mg/kg omeprazole orally. On the 11th day of the study, a single dose of 100 mg/kg indomethacin was administered orally to the TO+IND, IND and O+IND groups. It was determined that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly increased in the IND group compared to the K group (p&lt;0.001). However, these markers were significantly decreased in both the TO+IND (respectively p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.05) and O+IND (p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.001, respectively) groups when compared with the IND group. No significant changes were observed in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Depending on the administration of indomethacin, it was found that the ulcer index of gastric tissue increased significantly compared to the C group but it decreased significantly as a result of TO and Omeprazole administrations (p&lt;0.001). As a result, it was determined that Taraxacum officinale leaf extract showed significant gastroprotective effects by reducing COX-2, CRP and IL-6 levels and ulcerative area formation in gastric tissue.

DoE-based Optimization of Oral In-situ Gel containing Dandelion Leaf Extract

Aim: The present study developed an oral in-situ gel containing the leaf extract of Tarax-acum officinale (T.O.) using an experimental design. Background: Peptic ulcer disease was an epidemic in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The applica-tion of herbal drugs for peptic diseases is an attractive area for research and implementation as compared to the allopathic system in the recent era. From the number of plants, the antioxidant effect of an aqueous extract of Taraxacum officinale, which is the dandelion leaf, was proven by an animal study in previous literature. However, most of the marketed preparations consist of root ex-tract primarily used for the detoxification of the liver in comparison to the leaf extract having a non-specific application. Hence, the aqueous extract of dandelion leaf was taken as the active ingredient in the formulation. Over the past 30 years, greater attention has been given to the development of controlled and sustained drug delivery systems. The development of in situ gel systems has received considerable attention over the past few years due to the number of advantages. Objective: By considering the merits of herbal ingredients with drug delivery technology, herbal in-situ gel was developed using statistical analysis. Methods: Herbal in-situ oral gel was developed using a factorial design. The concentration of sodi-um alginate, xanthan gum, and HPMC K15 M was taken as the factors, and viscosity and drug re-lease (total phenol content) in 10 h were selected as the responses. By evaluating the designed batches, the optimized batch was chosen as the promising formulation for curing the peptic ulcer. Results: The batch consisting of 1.711% w/v sodium alginate, 0.727% w/v xanthan gum, and 0.869% w/v HPMC K15M was selected as the optimized batch, as per the software, and the viscosi-ty and % drug release in 10 h were found to be 299.5 cps and 70.2%, respectively. Other evaluation parameters such as gelling capacity, floating parameters, and stability were also found to be good for the designed batches. Conclutions: The improved in-situ gel was found to be effective for extending the floating of the drug incorporated into the formulation as well as the residence time in the stomach for sustained drug release.

Traditional Chinese medicine extracts as novel corrosion inhibitors for AZ91 magnesium alloy in saline environment.

Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract, Raphanus sativus L. extract, Rheum palmatum extract, Coptis chinensis extract, Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract (GUE), Potentilla discolor extract (PDE) and Taraxacum officinale extract (TOE) were screened for the green corrosion inhibitors of AZ91 alloy in saline environment. The experiment results demonstrated that GUE, PDE and TOE can significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy by 73.4, 87.6 and 84.6%, respectively. Surface characterization using FTIR, UV–Vis and XPS revealed that the organic compounds of GUE, PDE and TOE can interact with the alloy surface to form a protective physisorbed film, effectively mitigating the corrosion process of AZ91 alloy. The present results may be helpful to discover the new green inhibitors with high inhibition efficiency for AZ91 alloy.

Bioactive compounds from Taraxacum officinale extracts obtained by optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction

In this study, the extraction of plant species Taraxacum officinale (F. H. Wigg) was optimized providing the maximum extraction of phenolic compounds using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum extraction parameters were as follows: extraction temperature of 60°C, extraction time of 30 min and 1:32.7 g/mL solid-liquid ratio for ethanol extract, and 60°C, 30 min, 1:14.2 g/mL ratio for acetone extract. The optimized extracts exhibited different biological activities. Ethanol extract showed better DPPH radicals scavenging activity and reducing power compared to acetone extract. The extracts had low antibacterial activity. In addition, the extracts had no effect on the healthy MRC-5 cell line, while acetone extract reduced the viability of HCT-116 carcinoma cells. This paper provides a basis for further research on the optimization of dandelion extraction under different conditions and testing the bioactivity of this medicinal plant.

Luteolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Stemness and Enhances Chemosensitivity through the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of tumor masses with unique abilities in self-renewal, stemness maintenance, drug resistance, and the promotion of cancer recurrence. Recent studies have suggested that breast CSCs play essential roles in chemoresistance. Therefore, new agents that selectively target such cells are urgently required. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzymes are the reason for an elevated tumor oxidant status. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional factor, which upon detecting cellular oxidative stress, binds to the promoter region of antioxidant genes. By triggering a cytoprotective response, Nrf2 maintains cellular redox status. Cripto-1 participates in the self-renewal of CSCs. Herein, luteolin, a flavonoid found in Taraxacum officinale extract, was determined to inhibit the expressions of stemness-related transcriptional factors, the ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity as well as the sphere formation properties of breast CSCs. Furthermore, luteolin suppressed the protein expressions of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and Cripto-1 which have been determined to contribute critically to CSC features. The combination of luteolin and the chemotherapeutic drug, Taxol, resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that luteolin treatment significantly attenuated the hallmarks of breast cancer stemness by downregulating Nrf2-mediated expressions. Luteolin constitutes a potential agent for use in cancer stemness-targeted breast cancer treatments.

Targeting Bacterial Biofilms Using Probiotics and Medicinal Plant Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) Extract: A Comparative Study

Targeting Bacterial Biofilms Using Probiotics and Medicinal Plant Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) Extract: A Comparative Study

Enhancement of corrosion resistance of the cooling systems in desalination plants by green inhibitor

Taraxacum officinale extract (TOE) has been tested for preventing the corrosion of cooling systems in desalination plants. The inhibition of corrosion effects has been characterized by chemical and electrochemical methods (Mass loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and surface observations. Tests on cooling systems were carried out in seawater environment. The presence of TOE in the re-circulation loop decreases the corrosion of carbon steel by adsorption of TOE compounds on the surface of metal pipes. The optimum TOE concentration was reached at 400 mg L−1 and the inhibition efficiency was higher than 94%. TOE allowed increasing the energy barrier of the corrosion process. SEM, FT-IR and UV spectra observations confirmed that TOE prevents corrosion attacks at the surface of the pipes. HPLC analyses identified the presence of saccharides, organic acids, phenol antioxidant and caffeic acid derivatives in TOE, which may be the active promoters of corrosion inhibition.

Study of the Biological Effects of the Aqueous Extract of the Flower of Target Taraxacum officinale on Escherichia coli AB1157

The present study shows the results obtained by the disc-diffusion test, where the actions of the aqueous extract of the flower of Taraxacum officinale on the strain Escherichia coli AB1157 was evaluated and compared with the results of the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. It can be observed that the extract of Taraxacum officinale presented greater significance in relation to inhibition of bacterial growth than the extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, suggesting to the extract of Taraxacum officinale a greater and better clinical relevance.

Study of The Biological Effects of the Aqueous Extract of the Flower of Target Taraxacum Officinale on Escherichia Coli Ab1157

The present study shows the results obtained by the disc-diffusion test, where the actions of the aqueous extract of the flower of Taraxacum officinale on the strain Escherichia coli AB1157 was evaluated and compared with the results of the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. It can be observed that the extract of Taraxacum officinale presented greater significance in relation to inhibition of bacterial growth than the extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, suggesting to the extract of Taraxacum officinale a greater and better clinical relevance.