Tannic Extract Research Articles

Exploring the Mineral Composition of Grapevine Canes for Wood Chip Applications in Alcoholic Beverage Production to Enhance Viticulture Sustainability

This study aimed to assess the metal content of tannic extracts obtained from grapevine canes, to evaluate their suitability as wood shavings for direct infusion during the aging process of alcoholic beverages or vinegars. Traditional barrel aging is a slow and costly process that can be enhanced through direct infusion of wood chips. Our investigation focused on the pruning materials of two widely cultivated Lambrusco cultivars in the Modena (Italy) area, Ancellotta and Salamino. The grapevine chips underwent preliminary heat treatments at temperatures ranging from 120 °C to 260 °C. Tannic extracts were obtained by ethanol maceration at 80 °C for 2 h. The metal composition was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Generally, the metal content increased with the roasting temperature of the chips. Two exceptions were noted in the Salamino extracts, where the concentrations of Bi and Ni decreased as the roasting temperature increased. The levels of heavy metal, such as Pb and Cd, were low, posing no toxicity concerns for using infused grapevine chips during the beverage aging process. The Ni concentration slightly exceeded the limits imposed by certain regulations. Its content is likely derived from the type of soil in which the plant has grown.

Antibacterial extract and active content activity for Erodium cicutarium

Result revealed that all tested extract( hot and cold water) alcoholic (ethanol & methanol) glycosidic and tannic extract at concentration 25, 50, 100 mg/ml were tested of Erodium cicutarium species (Geraniaceae) grown in north and middle of Iraq for their antibacterial (against some gram negative Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus lactis & Gram negative Eschichia coli , Proteus mirabilis pathogenic bacteria) That the methanol extract and extract glycosid an average of 14.540 and 14.530 mm, respectively, are the most effective against the bacteria studied compared to other tested extracts. The results also show that there is variation in the concentration of the active compounds studied depending on the environment (geographical location) Tannin and flavonoid content of aerial plant part and different plant part (aerial part, flower, fruit, root) was assessed for studied plant using HPLC techniques, and depending on the plant part to the rutin showed the highest concentration in the vegetative parts compared to other compounds and vegetable segment studied.

Structural characterization of phytochemical content, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of Juglans regia L. leaves cultivated in Algeria

Many microorganisms cause diseases to plants, animals and humans. Recently, natural compounds extracted from different medicinal and officinal plants have had a promising antimicrobial potential. In this present study, the antifungal and antibacterial activities of Juglans regia leaves cultivated in Algeria have been evaluated. The chemical composition was analyzed by GCMS spectroscopy . Total polyphenolic content (TPC), hydrolysable tannins content (HTC) and condensed tannin content (CTC) were assessed using Foilin ciocalteu, Potassium iodide and vanilline methods respectively. The antibacterial activity was tested against five bacterial strains and the antifungal activity was tested against seven fungal strains . The GC-MS profile of ethyl acetate fraction (tannic extract) revealed the presence of many interesting biomolecules we note: Phenol (0.19%), gaiucol (0.16%), catechol (0.65%), 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (1.77%), eugenol (0.78%), (E)-coniferol (0.66%), 1, 5-naphthalenediol (2.01%) and 5-hydroxy-1, 4-naphthalenedione or juglone (0.18%). The tannic extract (ethyl acetate fraction) presented a high antifungal activity on Aspergillus terreus , Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus Brasilliensis ATCC 16404 with percentage of growth inhibition of 77,033 ± 3,395, 73,327 ± 3,851 and 71,850 ± 0,641 respectively for the highest concentration. It also showed an interesting antibacterial activity against Klebseilla pneumoniae ATCC 70063 with minimal inhibitory concentration of 3.125 μg/ml comparing to the hydro-acetonic extract(MIC value). Our finding provides for the first time the chemical profiling of this species grown in Algeria and also an efficient and targeted natural approach to the discovery of classes of antibacterial and antifungal compounds for various applications. • Juglans regia 's leaves harvested from Blida north, center, Algeria. • Preparation of alcoholic extracts: crude and tannic extract. • The extracts are a rich source of secondary metabolites such as: polyphenols and tannins. • Both extracts have an antibacterial and antifungal potential. • Tannic extract has a stronger effect comparing to the crude extract. • GC-MS analysis of the tannic extract showed the presence of a variety of biochemical components known for their biological effects.

Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of Antioxidant Power of Selective Tannic Extracts of Three Medicinal Plants of Ivorian Flora

Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of Antioxidant Power of Selective Tannic Extracts of Three Medicinal Plants of Ivorian Flora

Assessing Mimosa Tenuiflora Extract as Rust Converter on Iron Corrosion Products

Mimosa Tenuiflora tannic extract was examined as a rust converter by means of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The application of the tannic extract was did on pre-corroded AISI 1018 steel plates and immersed in two different solutions, 0.6 M sodium chloride and 0.1 M sodium sulphate. The two systems were monitored for 30 days to detect initial changes and to get kinetic and mechanistic parameters. It was inferred that the action of the rust converter is a function of the reaction time which has a slow kinetics. The capacitance as a function of time exhibited a continuous increase which was associated with the formation of magnetite and could be corroborated by the manifestation of characteristic vibrations of the Fe-O with infrared spectra.

Tannic extract potential as natural wood preservative of Acacia mearnsii.

High toxicity of the preservatives most frequently used in wood treatment and the resulting risks of handling pose a threat to small producers and to the environment. In an attempt to mitigate these problems, the present study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the preservative effect of tannic extract on biodeterioration of Acacia mearnsii wood. For this purpose, untreated and preserved specimens, some with tannin extract and some with a preservative mixture based on CCB (Chromated Copper Borate), were submitted to accelerated rotting trials with the fungus that causes white rot (Pycnoporus sanguineus) for 16 weeks. The evaluations were made with a basis on weight loss and chemical components analysis, and they showed that the natural resistance of Acacia wood is moderate when exposed to the white rot fungus. The tannin concentrations showed similar effects to those of the CBB mixture in all evaluations, i.e., they significantly increased the biological resistance of the material, which started to be classified as very resistant to the fungus. Overall, the results suggest that tannin can be considered as a potential natural preservative product.

Assessment of Mimosa Tenuiflora Extract as Rust Converter for the Protection of Historical Heritage Metallic Materials

Tannic extract of the Mimosa Tenuiflora was assessed as a rust converter using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) techniques. The tannic extract was applied on pre-corroded AISI 1018 steel plates before a commercial epoxy coating. Four different specimens were prepared and submerged in two solutions, 0.51 M NaCl and 0.1 M Na2SO4. All systems were inspected for 40 days in search of changes in the coatings. The exposure time and the reaction time of the rust converter are important factors to obtain good performance.

A tannic extract for oral and topical treatment of CVI and haemorrhoids

SummaryThe present review summarizes investigations concerning the biological activity as well as the clinical actions of an extract from the bark of the French maritime pine, Pycnogenol®, on the signs and symptoms of the chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Basis for the anti-oedema and anti-thrombotic action is the maintenance of endothelial health, the capillary sealing, the inhibition of platelet aggregation and the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative action of Pycnogenol® following oral and/or local administration. The improvement of microcirculation contributes to faster healing of ulcers and haemorrhoids. The inhibition of oedema formation of the lower limbs and deep vein thromboses was demonstrated after long haul flights. The comparison with some venotonics and elastic stockings demonstrated superior effects of Pycnogenol®. Mild unwanted effects were reported with a rate of about 1 %.

Avaliação de adesivos à base de taninos de <i>Pinus caribaea</i> var. bahamensis e de <i>Acacia mearnsii</i> na fabricação de painéis aglomerados

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509814588Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os métodos para a extração dos taninos da casca do Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis, assim como verificar a viabilidade técnica de utilização dos taninos da casca de Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis, de Acacia mearnsii, de misturas de taninos de acácia negra e pinus e de misturas do adesivo ureia-formaldeído (UF) com taninos de acácia e pinus na produção de adesivos para aglomerados. As cascas de Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis foram fragmentadas em moinho de martelo, peneiradas, extraídas sob refluxo, por 2 horas, utilizada uma relação casca:licor de 1:15 p:v, em nove tratamentos. A melhor forma de extração foi utilizada para obtenção de grandes quantidades de extratos, que foram utilizados na confecção de adesivos tânicos e nas misturas com adesivo UF e com taninos comerciais de acácia negra na fabricação de painéis aglomerados. A adição de sulfito de sódio proporcionou maior extração de taninos, sendo recomendável a extração com adição de 5% de sulfito de sódio. Os resultados mostraram que tanto os taninos de acácia, quanto os de Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis, apresentam boas propriedades de colagem. É possível a adição de solução tânica de pinus à solução tânica de acácia e também substituir parte do adesivo UF pelos taninos de acácia em até 25% sem comprometer a qualidade da colagem. A substituição de 10% de UF por extrato tânico, tanto de pinus quanto de acácia, não alterou os valores de inchamento em espessura (IE) dos painéis. É possível obter boas propriedades mecânicas com adesivos UF modificados com extratos tânicos na proporção de 10%. Os altos valores encontrados para ligação interna (LI) dos painéis fabricados com extratos tânicos evidenciaram o potencial desses taninos para colagem de painéis de madeira.

Propriedades químicas de extratos tânicos da casca de Pinus oocarpa e avaliação de seu emprego como adesivo

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar as propriedades de extratos aquosos obtidos da casca de Pinus oocarpa sob adição de sulfito de sódio e bissulfito de sódio e a possibilidade de emprego dos taninos da casca como adesivo para colagem de madeira. Para a casca de Pinus oocarpa, foram testadas oito formas de extração dos taninos. Após a avaliação das propriedades químicas dos extratos tânicos, optou-se por empregar a extração com água destilada sob adição de 5 % de sulfito de sódio para confecção do adesivo tanino-formaldeído. Adesivo Fenol-formaldeído e Uréia-formaldeído foram substituídos por 10% de tanino de Pinus oocarpa e o efeito dessa adição sobre a qualidade do adesivo foi avaliado. A adição de extrato tânico da casca de Pinus oocarpa mostrou que é possível utilizar tanino puro como adesivo, em razão de suas boas características de colagem. A adição do extrato tânico aos adesivos sintéticos contribuiu para o aumento nos valores de viscosidade. Dessa forma, a substituição de adesivos sintéticos por taninos é possível somente até 10%.

EFICIÊNCIA DE EXTRATO TÂNICO COMBINADO OU NÃO COM ÁCIDO BÓRICO NA PROTEÇÃO DA MADEIRA DE Ceiba pentandra CONTRA CUPIM XILÓFAGO

Dentre os métodos que vêm sendo testados para minimizar a lixiviação de compostos de boro na madeira, destaca-se sua combinação com taninos vegetais. Aos taninos vegetais é atribuída a durabilidade natural da madeira de algumas espécies, indicando sua potencialidade como preservativo natural. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o rendimento de taninos condensados provenientes da casca de Mimosa tenuiflora em extração realizada com água destilada, comparando-o ao da extração envolvendo a inclusão de sulfito de sódio, assim como a eficiência de extratos tânicos sulfitados, combinados ou não com ácido bórico, na melhoria da resistência da madeira de Ceiba pentandra ao térmita xilófago Nasutitermes corniger, por meio de ensaio de preferência alimentar. Extrato tânico obtido com a inclusão de sulfito de sódio à água teve melhor rendimento em taninos condensados. De maneira geral, a impregnação da madeira com o extrato tânico sulfitado proporcionou o mesmo comportamento quando comparada à aplicação do ácido bórico, sendo os melhores resultados verificados quando ambos foram utilizados conjuntamente. No entanto, depois de aplicado na madeira, o extrato tânico foi lixiviado e não favoreceu a redução da lixiviação do ácido bórico. Apesar da potencialidade do uso do extrato tânico ao cupim xilófago, estudos adicionais fazem-se necessários.Palavras-chave: Biodeterioração da madeira; térmitas xilófagos; Nasutitermes corniger. AbstractTannic extract efficiency combined or not with boric acid on protection of Ceiba pentandra wood against xylophagous termite. Among the methods tested to reduce the leaching of boron compounds in wood, it can be highlighted their combination with vegetable tannins. It is attributed the natural durability of some species of wood to vegetable tannins, pointing to their potentiality as natural wood preservatives. This research evaluated the efficiency of condensed tannins from bark of Mimosa tenuiflora extract with distilled water, compared to another extract added of sodium sulfite. It also evaluated the efficiency of sulfited tannin extracts, combined or not with boric acid in order to improve the resistance of Ceiba pentandra against the xylophagous termite Nasutitermes corniger by feeding test. Tannic extract obtained by adding sodium sulfite to distilled water revealed better yield compared to condensed tannin extraction. In general, impregnation of wood with tannin extract presented the same behavior as compared to application of boric acid, with best results observed when both them were simultaneously used. However, after applied to wood, tannin extracted was leachable and it did not favor the boric acid leaching. Despite the potential use of tannic extract against the xylophagous termite, additional studies are required for a best evaluation.Keywords: Wood biodeterioration; xilophogous termites; Nasutitermes corniger.

Structural features and antioxidant activity of tannin from persimmon pulp

Abstract Phenolic compounds from persimmon pulp were extracted with methanol acidified with 1% HCl, and then purified on AB-8 macroporous resin. The tannic extracts obtained were fractionated by polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 10,000 Da into two fractions: low molecular weight tannin (LMWT) and high molecular weight tannin (HMWT). HPLC–MS analysis showed that gallic acid was one of the main components of LMWT fraction. The molecular weight distribution of HMWT was determined to be in the range of 1.16 × 104 Da to 1.54 × 104 Da, with the molecular weight of 1.28 × 104 Da in M n ¯ and 1.39 × 104 Da in M w ¯ by GPC method. HPLC–MS showed that the thiolysis degradation products of HMWT consist of (epi) gallocatechin, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, epicatechin-3-O-gallate and an unknown monomer with the ratio of 1:7:3:1 by estimation of the peak area on HPLC. The antioxidant properties of persimmon tannins were evaluated using the hydroxyl radical scavenging activities by 2-deoxyribose oxidation system and salicylic acid system, superoxide anion scavenging activity, and linoleic acid lipid peroxidation inhibition activity, respectively. HMWT exhibited excellent antioxidant activities in all tested systems in a dose-dependent manner. The antioxidant activity of HMWT was significantly stronger than that of LMWT and grape seeds proanthocyanidins (GSP), suggesting that high molecular weight condensed tannins are the major antioxidant composition in persimmon pulp.

Taste thresholds and suprathreshold responses to tannin-rich plant extracts and quinine in a primate species (Microcebus murinus).

Theories of plant chemical defenses discriminate between quantitative digestibility reducers (e.g., tannins) and qualitative toxins (e.g., alkaloids). Since the differential effect on taste of these compounds is poorly known, we recorded ingestive responses of a primate species, Microcebus murinus, to four tannin-rich plant extracts and to quinine, by using the behavioral method of the "two-bottle test." The efficiency of tannic extracts at precipitating protein was measured with the blue BSA method. Inhibition taste thresholds for tannins added to a moderately sweet solution varied between 0.25 and 2 g/l. The threshold for quinine hydrochloride was 0.32 g/l. The profiles of the response/concentration curves established for these astringent and bitter substances were similar, with maximal inhibition of consumption occurring for near-threshold concentrations. The large amounts of quinine required to deter this small-bodied species from feeding were unexpected, given its unspecialized frugivorous/insectivorous diet. We propose that the taste responses of Microcebus to tannins have been shaped in relation to the widespread occurrence of efficient polyphenols in food plants, while low responsiveness to quinine reflects a low risk of ingesting toxic alkaloids when feeding on ripe fruits and insects.

99/01118 Application of desulfurization of coal gas with tannic extract for industrial fuel : Jiang, G. et al. Xiangtan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, 1997, 19, (3), 112–115. (In Chinese)

99/01118 Application of desulfurization of coal gas with tannic extract for industrial fuel : Jiang, G. et al. Xiangtan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, 1997, 19, (3), 112–115. (In Chinese)

Polyphenolic Composition ofQuercus suberCork from Different Spanish Provenances

Polyphenolic composition was studied by HPLC and classical chemical methods in reproduction cork of Quercus suber from different Spanish provenances. The low molecular weight polyphenols (gallic, protocatechuic, vanillic, caffeic, ferulic, and ellagic acids; protocatechuic, vanillic, coniferyl, and sinapic aldehydes; and aesculetin and scopoletin) and the ellagitannins (roburins A and E, grandinin, vescalagin, and castalagin) were identified and quantified. Ellagic acid was the main component in the ether soluble fraction, and the group of hydrolyzable tannins, and among them castalagin, was the most abundant in the tannic extract in all the samples. Although there was an important variability among provenances, no significant differences were found in the total tannin content and in the individual content of each ellagitannin. However, gallic and caffeic acids and protocatechuic aldehyde provided the greatest discrimination among provenances. Keywords: Quercus suber; cork; polyphenols; tannins; phenolic ...

Changes in Tannic Composition of Reproduction CorkQuercus suberthroughout Industrial Processing

Tannic composition was studied in reproduction cork samples from three different trees of Spanish Quercus suber and at different industrial processing stages. The ellagitannins, roburins A and E, grandinin, vescalagin, and castalagin, were identified and quantified by HPLC. Global evaluations of tannins were also carried out, using classical chemical methods. The group of hydrolyzable tannins was the most abundant in the tannic extract in all samples; among them, castalagin was the main component, followed by vescalagin, grandinin, roburin E, and, to a much lesser extent, roburin A. The changes in tannic composition throughout the industrial processing are mainly related to the boiling process and are more pronounced in total phenol and proanthocyanidin contents than in individual ellagitannins content. Vescalagin and roburins A and E were selected as those variables that provided the greatest discrimination among stages. Important differences in the ellagitannin contents were observed among the trees studied, all of the ellagitannins being discriminant variables in this case. Keywords: Quercus suber; cork; tannins; ellagitannins; proanthocyanidins; polyphenols; high-performance liquid chromatography

THE DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ENDODERMIS AND AN ASSOCIATED OXIDASE SYSTEM IN MONOCOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS

THE DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ENDODERMIS AND AN ASSOCIATED OXIDASE SYSTEM IN MONOCOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS